Journal of Experimental Social Psychology最新文献_第10页

Perceiving others as responsive lessens prejudice: The mediating roles of intellectual humility and attitude ambivalence 感知他人的反应减少偏见:智力谦卑和态度矛盾的中介作用

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology Pub Date : 2023-11-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2023.104554

Guy Itzchakov , Harry T. Reis , Kimberly Rios

{"title":"Perceiving others as responsive lessens prejudice: The mediating roles of intellectual humility and attitude ambivalence","authors":"Guy Itzchakov , Harry T. Reis , Kimberly Rios","doi":"10.1016/j.jesp.2023.104554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2023.104554","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Can perceived responsiveness, the extent to which an individual feels understood, validated, and cared for by close others, reduce prejudiced attitudes? We hypothesized that perceived responsiveness by meaningful other people would increase recipients' intellectual humility and attitude ambivalence and that these changes would reduce prejudice. Five studies (total <em>N</em><span><span> = 3362), four of which were preregistered, manipulated perceived responsiveness by a specific person (Studies 1–3, 5) or measured the effects of perceived responsiveness by the closest social network of the recipient (Study 4). All studies supported the hypotheses. Specifically, Studies 1 and 2 found that perceived responsiveness increased intellectual humility and attitude ambivalence and reduced prejudice toward a group from a pre-determined list. Study 3 replicated these findings when participants freely chose the social group. In Study 4, perceived responsiveness from individuals' closest social networks predicted the </span>dependent variables<span><span> a few days afterward, controlling for positive and negative affect and social desirability. Finally, in Study 5, we added a condition of positive social interaction to rule out the possibility that the prior findings were due to recalling an affectively positive experience. The effect of perceived responsiveness on prejudice reduction (i.e., increased attitude favorability toward the social group) was not moderated by attitude certainty (Study 2), anxious or </span>avoidant attachment style (Study 2), or attitude morality (Study 3). This work suggests that fostering perceived responsiveness can serve as a strategy for mitigating prejudice and promoting more open-minded attitudes.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":48441,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Social Psychology","volume":"110 ","pages":"Article 104554"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134832578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Who are you to me?: A relational approach to examining race-gender associations 你对我来说是谁?:研究种族-性别关系的关系方法

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology Pub Date : 2023-11-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2023.104562

Vivian L. Xiao , Brian S. Lowery

{"title":"Who are you to me?: A relational approach to examining race-gender associations","authors":"Vivian L. Xiao , Brian S. Lowery","doi":"10.1016/j.jesp.2023.104562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2023.104562","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Scholars have posited that characteristics of a perceptual target impact how readily gender is associated with them, arguing that cultural biases in the U.S. make it such that certain racial groups are more or less associated with womanhood and manhood. We provide a novel expansion on this work by integrating characteristics of the perceiver, suggesting that individuals have a fundamental cognitive association between racial in-group members and gender. In four studies, we find that exposure to racial in-group members (as opposed to racial out-group members) facilitates the processing of gendered information relative to gender-irrelevant stimuli across both the familial (Studies 1–3) and employment (Study 4) contexts, suggesting that gender is indeed more strongly associated with racial in-group members. Using a sequential priming paradigm, we find this to be true among White (Studies 1–4), Asian (Studies 2–4), and Black (Studies 3–4) perceivers. The present work highlights the inherently relational nature of gender and gender roles, suggesting that theory about how gender intersects with race is incomplete without consideration of the psychological <em>relationship</em><span> between perceptual targets and perceivers. We thus provide an important expansion on theory about person perception at the intersection of gender and race.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":48441,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Social Psychology","volume":"110 ","pages":"Article 104562"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134655771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Empathy for the pain of others: Sensitivity to the individual, not to the collective 同情他人的痛苦:对个人的敏感，而不是对集体的敏感

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology Pub Date : 2023-11-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2023.104561

Tom Gordon-Hecker , Ilan Yaniv , Anat Perry , Shoham Choshen-Hillel

引用次数: 0

Quantification of evaluations 评价的量化

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology Pub Date : 2023-11-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2023.104558

Jinseok S. Chun , Michael I. Norton

{"title":"Quantification of evaluations","authors":"Jinseok S. Chun , Michael I. Norton","doi":"10.1016/j.jesp.2023.104558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2023.104558","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>While some evaluation scales ask people to express their judgments of targets using labels on a scale (e.g., <em>very good</em>), some other scales quantify these labels (e.g., <em>7</em> = “very good”). Although the quantified and non-quantified scales may seem identical in terms of the evaluation content, we suggest that quantification in itself significantly influences people's evaluations of targets. We find that evaluators are less likely to use the endpoints—both positive and negative—of quantified evaluation scales, resulting in more conservative evaluations of targets (as compared with non-quantified scales). The effect is more pronounced when targets are of overall positive or negative quality, where endpoints are more relevant. Finally, the effect of quantification is reduced when the endpoints of the scales themselves represent extreme evaluations (e.g., <em>best possible</em>), because people generally refrain from using such extreme endpoints regardless of quantification. We discuss the implications of our findings in terms of other important issues such as rating inflation and quantification of personal activities.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48441,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Social Psychology","volume":"110 ","pages":"Article 104558"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134655772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Palestinians and Israelis believe the other's God encourages intergroup benevolence: A case of positive intergroup meta-perceptions 巴勒斯坦人和以色列人相信对方的上帝鼓励群体间的仁慈：一个积极的群体间元认知的案例

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology Pub Date : 2023-11-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2023.104551

Crystal M. Shackleford , Michael H. Pasek , Allon Vishkin , Jeremy Ginges

{"title":"Palestinians and Israelis believe the other's God encourages intergroup benevolence: A case of positive intergroup meta-perceptions","authors":"Crystal M. Shackleford , Michael H. Pasek , Allon Vishkin , Jeremy Ginges","doi":"10.1016/j.jesp.2023.104551","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesp.2023.104551","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>How does religious belief influence intergroup conflict? Research addressing this question generally focuses on how individuals' own beliefs influence intergroup behavior. However, intergroup cooperation may also be influenced by second-order beliefs; in this case, perceptions about how outgroup members' religious beliefs influence <em>their</em> intergroup behavior. Indeed, across different domains, intergroup conflict is often driven by inaccurate and negative intergroup perceptions and predictions. If true of religion, such negatively biased predictions may independently hinder intergroup cooperation by reducing the extent to which individuals see religious outgroup members as cooperative partners. Contrary to this hypothesis, three preregistered studies (<em>N</em> = 1081) provide consistent evidence that Palestinians and Israelis predict that belief in God motivates outgroup members to give more money in intergroup exchanges (Studies 1 and 2) and to place a greater value on outgroup members' lives (Study 3). Results have important implications for policymakers' and the public's understanding of religion's role in intergroup relations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48441,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Social Psychology","volume":"110 ","pages":"Article 104551"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71525032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Summarized and sequential discrimination - A paradigm for research on the perception of multiple instances of discrimination 概括的和顺序的歧视——研究对多种歧视情况的感知的范式

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology Pub Date : 2023-11-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2023.104548

Paul-Michael Heineck, Roland Deutsch

{"title":"Summarized and sequential discrimination - A paradigm for research on the perception of multiple instances of discrimination","authors":"Paul-Michael Heineck, Roland Deutsch","doi":"10.1016/j.jesp.2023.104548","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesp.2023.104548","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Despite a large body of knowledge about factors influencing perceptions of discrimination in single instances, little is known about the perception of discrimination based on multiple instances of discrimination. One reason for this lack of knowledge is that existing methods in discrimination perception research are not optimal for this subject. The present manuscript introduces the Summarized and Sequential Discrimination (SUSED) Paradigm, which was designed to facilitate investigating processes of discrimination perception based on multiple discriminatory instances. The SUSED-paradigm provides participants with statistical information about multiple instances of discrimination and fosters investigating information processing underlying judgments of discrimination. In the SUSED-paradigm, information on discrimination is presented either in a summarized or in a sequential format in which an approximation of the actual statistical strength of discrimination can be derived from the given information. Experiments 1–6 (<em>N</em> = 1130) demonstrate the utility of the SUSED-paradigm for experimentally manipulating statistical discrimination at multiple levels of strength in a manner that can be perceived by participants. The results demonstrate high correlations between subjective and statistical discrimination strengths, even when real marginalized groups were presented. Furthermore, we compared how three different measures of discrimination perception differ in their sensitivity to variations in differential group treatments and the strength of the statistical discrimination. Experiments 7 and 8 (<em>N</em> = 347) replicated the well-documented prototype effect in both formats of the SUSED-paradigm to gauge the paradigms convergent validity with former methods.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48441,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Social Psychology","volume":"110 ","pages":"Article 104548"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022103123001051/pdfft?md5=c865cd974ab058b40d837d05db2fd930&pid=1-s2.0-S0022103123001051-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71516678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Emotion tracking (vs. reporting) increases the persistence of positive (vs. negative) emotions 情绪跟踪（相对于报告）增加了积极（相对于消极）情绪的持久性

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology Pub Date : 2023-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2023.104556

Reihane Boghrati , Marissa A. Sharif , Siavash Yousefi , Arsalan Heydarian

引用次数: 0

Algorithmic management diminishes status: An unintended consequence of using machines to perform social roles 算法管理降低了地位：使用机器扮演社会角色的意外后果

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology Pub Date : 2023-11-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2023.104553

Arthur S. Jago , Roshni Raveendhran , Nathanael Fast , Jonathan Gratch

{"title":"Algorithmic management diminishes status: An unintended consequence of using machines to perform social roles","authors":"Arthur S. Jago , Roshni Raveendhran , Nathanael Fast , Jonathan Gratch","doi":"10.1016/j.jesp.2023.104553","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesp.2023.104553","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>As artificial intelligence (AI) proliferates throughout society, it brings the potential to reshape how people perceive social roles and relationships. Across five preregistered<span> studies, we investigated how AI-based algorithmic management influences perceptions and forecasts of social status. We found that people believe algorithmic management, compared to prototypical human management, leads to lower status in the eyes of others (Study 1). Moreover, forecasts of lower status mediated people's anticipated negative emotions when assessing remote jobs that were framed as primarily algorithmically managed (Study 2). Further, we found that people infer lower status given algorithmic management because they believe it signals that job tasks lack complexity, both when evaluating themselves or others (Studies 3 and 4). Finally, using OpenAI's natural language processing algorithm (GPT-3), we created an actual managerial algorithm and found that the lowered status inferences persist when people are managed by an algorithm that provides instructions, feedback, and monetary incentives (Study 5). We discuss theoretical implications for research on status, hierarchy, and the psychology of technology.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":48441,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Social Psychology","volume":"110 ","pages":"Article 104553"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71506589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The “Happy Face Killer” in the eyes of the beholder: Relational encoding of facial emotions in context influences trustworthiness attributions 旁观者眼中的“笑脸杀手”：语境中面部情绪的关系编码影响可信度归因

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2023.104517

Simone Mattavelli, Gaia Carlotta Fiamberti, Matteo Masi, Marco Brambilla

引用次数: 0

You versus we: How pronoun use shapes perceptions of receptiveness 你与我们：代词的使用如何塑造接受能力

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology Pub Date : 2023-10-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2023.104555

Mohamed A. Hussein, Zakary L. Tormala

{"title":"You versus we: How pronoun use shapes perceptions of receptiveness","authors":"Mohamed A. Hussein, Zakary L. Tormala","doi":"10.1016/j.jesp.2023.104555","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesp.2023.104555","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In response to increasing societal divisions, an extensive literature has emerged examining the construct of receptiveness. This literature suggests that signaling receptiveness to others confers a variety of interpersonal benefits, such as increased persuasiveness. How do people signal their receptiveness to others? The current research investigates whether one of the most fundamental aspects of language—pronoun use—could shape perceptions of receptiveness. We find that in adversarial contexts, messages containing second-person pronouns (“you” pronouns) are perceived as less receptive than messages containing first-person plural pronouns (“we” pronouns). We demonstrate that “you” pronouns signal aggressiveness, which reduces perceived receptiveness. Moreover, we document that perceived receptiveness influences important downstream consequences such as persuasion, interest in future interaction, sharing intentions, and censorship likelihood. These findings contribute to a fast-growing literature on perceived receptiveness, uncover novel consequences of signaling receptiveness, and contribute to our understanding of how pronouns shape social perception.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48441,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Social Psychology","volume":"110 ","pages":"Article 104555"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71506596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0