Journal of Experimental Social Psychology最新文献_第10页

Timing is everything: Unraveling the temporal dynamics of the cheerleader effect 时间决定一切：揭示啦啦队长效应的时间动态

IF 3.2 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2025.104758

Shuai Wang , Haojiang Ying , Qinyi Wang , Lu Li , Xue Lei , Frank Krueger , Chengyang Han

{"title":"Timing is everything: Unraveling the temporal dynamics of the cheerleader effect","authors":"Shuai Wang , Haojiang Ying , Qinyi Wang , Lu Li , Xue Lei , Frank Krueger , Chengyang Han","doi":"10.1016/j.jesp.2025.104758","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesp.2025.104758","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Facial attractiveness is one of the most immediate and universal sources of social information. However, current theories cannot fully explain its computational mechanisms, especially with regard to facial attractiveness in a group context. Recent studies have found that faces appear more attractive when presented in a group compared to individually (the cheerleader/friend effect). Does the presentation time of faces influence the magnitude of the cheerleader effect, as time factors have been shown to have a significant impact in many other studies on face perception? Here, we investigated the effect of presentation time on the cheerleader effect, dividing it into two segments: pre- and post-cue time (cue indicates the position of target face). We conducted five behavioral experiments (Exp), testing a total of 473 subjects, including both in-lab and online tasks (with pre-registration). We observed a negative, nonlinear effect of pre-cue time on the cheerleader effect (Exp 1 & 2), indicating that changes in overall group-face presentation time impact judgments of target face attractiveness. We identified the optimal pre-cue duration for peak effect (Exp 3), offering a reference for future research. However, we demonstrated that the cheerleader effect was not influenced by post-cue time (Exp 4 & 5). Our results suggested that the potential perceptual process involved in the “overestimation” of the attractiveness of the target face within a group occurs before cue appearing. In conclusion, our study offered a novel explanation for the cheerleader effect, demonstrating that the duration of face observation during group interactions significantly influences perceptions of facial attractiveness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48441,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Social Psychology","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 104758"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143882427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Can approach-avoidance instructions influence facial representations? A distinction between past- and future-oriented inferences 趋近回避指令会影响面部表征吗？以过去和未来为导向的推论之间的区别

IF 3.2 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2025.104756

Marine Rougier , Pieter Van Dessel , Tal Moran , Colin Tucker Smith

{"title":"Can approach-avoidance instructions influence facial representations? A distinction between past- and future-oriented inferences","authors":"Marine Rougier , Pieter Van Dessel , Tal Moran , Colin Tucker Smith","doi":"10.1016/j.jesp.2025.104756","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesp.2025.104756","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mere instructions about a supposedly upcoming approach/avoidance training (i.e., “you will approach stimulus A and avoid stimulus B”) can influence stimuli evaluation (e.g., stimulus A is evaluated more positively). In this work, we argue that because approach/avoidance instructions are typically future-oriented (e.g., “you <em>will</em> approach stimulus A”), they are less powerful than past-oriented information (e.g., “you <em>approached</em> stimulus A”). We introduce the placebo approach/avoidance training, a procedure implementing past-oriented information that involves a bogus training without actual contingencies between stimuli and approach/avoidance actions. Experiments 1a and 1b revealed an approach/avoidance effect on visual representations when employing placebo training. Experiment 2 showed that the effect of placebo training (involving past-oriented information) is larger than the effect of approach/avoidance instructions (involving future-oriented information). Finally, Experiment 3 replicated the distinct effect of past- vs. future-oriented approach/avoidance information by controlling for the experience of approaching/avoiding stimuli. This work highlights the role of past-oriented thinking in approach/avoidance effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48441,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Social Psychology","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 104756"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143837989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Third-party punishment, vigilante justice, or karma? Understanding the dynamics of interpersonal and cosmic justice 第三方惩罚，治安维持正义，还是因果报应？理解人际和宇宙正义的动态

IF 3.2 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2025.104761

Cindel J.M. White , Julia W. Van de Vondervoort

{"title":"Third-party punishment, vigilante justice, or karma? Understanding the dynamics of interpersonal and cosmic justice","authors":"Cindel J.M. White , Julia W. Van de Vondervoort","doi":"10.1016/j.jesp.2025.104761","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesp.2025.104761","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>People around the world both engage in both interpersonal punishment and expect supernatural punishment of wrongdoers. That is, people will impose costs and withhold benefits from transgressors, and they expect bad things to happen to transgressors more often than to good people. Evolutionary theories have proposed that both interpersonal and supernatural justice beliefs result from similar motivations, cognitive mechanisms, and cultural evolutionary processes that bind human beings into cooperative groups. To explore these ideas, three preregistered studies (N = 3430) investigated situational factors and individual differences that shape reactions to interpersonal and supernatural justice. Perceived appropriateness of both interpersonal justice and supernatural justice depended on recipients' past moral actions, with more positive impressions when antisocial actions and bad outcomes befell previously antisocial victims. However, third-party interpersonal punishment was viewed far more negatively than interpersonal reprimands or supernatural punishments, especially when the potential punisher was unaware of the victim's past transgressions. Explicit belief in karma significantly moderated perceptions of harmful outcomes not caused by human agents, but karma belief was largely unrelated to perceptions of harm caused by humans. Together, results reveal distinct factors that predict judgments about interpersonal punishment and karmic punishments, and provide insight into the distinct dynamics of interpersonal and supernatural justice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48441,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Social Psychology","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 104761"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143937666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of moral stereotypes on the formation and persistence of group preferences 道德刻板印象对群体偏好形成和持续的影响

IF 3.2 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2025.104750

Inga K. Rösler , Isabel Kerber , David M. Amodio

{"title":"Effects of moral stereotypes on the formation and persistence of group preferences","authors":"Inga K. Rösler , Isabel Kerber , David M. Amodio","doi":"10.1016/j.jesp.2025.104750","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesp.2025.104750","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Do stereotypes have a stronger and more persistent effect on impressions when they are moral in tone? In two experiments (<em>N</em> = 187), participants interacted with members of two groups in an interactive social decision game, modeled on a reward reinforcement task, in which they formed impressions of players based on their feedback. Prior to the task, participants were exposed to positive or negative group stereotypes that were moral or nonmoral in content. Although players from each group were, on average, equally likely to provide reward feedback, participants formed behavioral choice preferences for players from positively-stereotyped groups over negatively-stereotyped groups. Importantly, this effect was moderated by the moral content of the stereotypes: in the moral stereotype condition, participants formed more extreme initial expectancies for players' feedback and showed more resistance to updating in response to stereotype-disconfirming feedback, whereas in the nonmoral stereotype condition, initial expectancies were weaker and preferences were updated over time to match players' actual feedback. Study 2 replicated this effect and additionally showed that moral stereotypes generalize more strongly to impressions of novel group members compared with nonmoral stereotypes. Computational modeling suggests this moral stereotype effect is due to extreme initial expectancies combined with group-based updating of member impressions. Together, these studies demonstrate that moral stereotypes have a stronger influence on person impressions than nonmoral stereotypes, and that they do so by inducing stronger expectancies for a group member's behavior while impairing individuated updating.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48441,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Social Psychology","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 104750"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143725786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cross-cultural perceptions of racial ambiguity: Testing the universality of the ingroup overexclusion effect 种族歧义的跨文化认知：检验群体内过度排斥效应的普遍性

IF 3.2 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2025.104764

Mohammad S. Wiswall , Xin Tan , Jacqueline M. Chen , Sarah E. Gaither

{"title":"Cross-cultural perceptions of racial ambiguity: Testing the universality of the ingroup overexclusion effect","authors":"Mohammad S. Wiswall , Xin Tan , Jacqueline M. Chen , Sarah E. Gaither","doi":"10.1016/j.jesp.2025.104764","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesp.2025.104764","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Two theoretical frameworks are often used to explain how racially ambiguous faces are categorized. The <em>hypodescent</em> framework (also commonly known as the “one-drop rule”) which is dominantly used in the U.S., argues racially ambiguous Biracial faces are more likely to be categorized as their racially subordinate group (e.g., a Biracial Asian/White person will be seen as Asian). In contrast, the <em>ingroup overexclusion framework</em> (IOE), which has been predominantly used in European contexts argues that racially ambiguous faces are categorized into the most prevalent outgroup relative to the perceiver, regardless of group status (e.g., a Biracial Asian/White person will be seen as White by an Asian perceiver, or as Asian for a White perceiver). Thus, without cross-cultural comparisons that decouple racial status from racial group membership, we cannot test both frameworks simultaneously and determine which is a better framework for racially ambiguous categorization outcomes. Here, Chinese Nationals (<em>N</em> = 330) and Asian Americans (<em>N</em> = 196) categorized racially ambiguous faces across a 2 (Categorization Task Type; Two-Choice or Three-Choice) x 2 (Stimulus Set: Asian/White or Asian/Black Biracial faces) between-subjects design. Generally, results show that across both cultural groups, Biracial Asian faces were seen most often as one's furthest outgroup member (i.e., “not Asian”, “White” and “Black” for both stimuli). Thus, these results are more consistent with IOE, and not hypodescent, as the underlying process for racially ambiguous categorization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48441,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Social Psychology","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 104764"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144138611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Task affordances affect partner preferences 任务支持影响伴侣偏好

IF 3.2 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2025.104751

Tiffany Matej Hrkalovic , Aria Li , Magnus Boop , Yingling Li , Daniel Balliet

{"title":"Task affordances affect partner preferences","authors":"Tiffany Matej Hrkalovic , Aria Li , Magnus Boop , Yingling Li , Daniel Balliet","doi":"10.1016/j.jesp.2025.104751","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesp.2025.104751","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>People frequently participate in interdependent tasks (i.e., tasks in which the outcome of one person is reliant on the other person's actions), in which people can behave in ways that benefit others (i.e., cooperate) to achieve mutually beneficial outcomes in daily life. The ability to select appropriate cooperative partners for these tasks is essential to achieve successful outcomes. Yet, little is known about individual partner preferences for interdependent tasks and whether these preferences change in response to situational affordances of the task (i.e., which traits can affect task outcomes). Here, we report four studies (<em>N</em> = 1021) that investigate the relationship between partner preference, person perceptions, and partner selection in interdependent tasks that afford the expression of warmth- or competence-related traits to affect outcomes. Over four studies, participants were randomly assigned to an interdependent task affording for warmth- or competence-related traits, then rated the most important traits in a partner (Study 1–4), evaluated potential partners' warmth and competence (Study 3–4), and selected partners (Study 3–4). Overall, participants strongly prefer warmth-related traits in a partner, but partner preferences also vary depending on task affordance. Specifically, people demonstrated a stronger preference for partner trustworthiness in tasks affording warmth-related traits and preferred highly competent partners in tasks affording competence-related traits. Additionally, preferences for partner traits strengthened the relationship between the perceived partner trait afforded by the situation and partner selection. We discuss these findings in relation to theories of partner selection and cooperation, as well as the implications of these results to develop tools and interventions to help people optimize their partner selections.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48441,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Social Psychology","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 104751"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143834027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Undoing harm: The communicative content of action-oriented and person-oriented punishment 解除伤害：以行动为导向和以人为导向的惩罚的交际内容

IF 3.2 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2025.104749

Christian Mott, Larisa Heiphetz Solomon

{"title":"Undoing harm: The communicative content of action-oriented and person-oriented punishment","authors":"Christian Mott, Larisa Heiphetz Solomon","doi":"10.1016/j.jesp.2025.104749","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesp.2025.104749","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Punishment can serve as a form of communication: People use punishment to express information to its recipients and interpret punishment between third parties as having communicative content. Prior work on the expressive function of punishment has primarily investigated the capacity of punishment in general to communicate a single type of message – e.g., that the punished behavior violated an important norm. The present work expands this framework by testing whether different types of punishment communicate different messages. We distinguish between <em>person-oriented</em> punishments, which seek to harm the recipient, and <em>action-oriented</em> punishments, which seek to undo a harmful action. We show that people interpret action-oriented punishments, compared to person-oriented punishments, to indicate that the recipient will change for the better (Study 1). The communicative theory can explain this finding if people understand action-oriented punishment to send a message that is more effective than person-oriented punishment at causing such a change. Supporting this explanation, inferences about future behavior track the recipients' beliefs about the punishment they received, rather than the punisher's intentions or the actual punishment imposed (Study 2). Indeed, when actual recipients of a person-oriented punishment believed they received an action-oriented punishment and vice versa, predictions of future behavior tracked the recipients' beliefs rather than reality, and judgments about what the recipients learned from the punishments mediated this effect (Study 3). Together, these studies demonstrate that laypeople think different types of punishment send different messages to recipients and that these messages are differentially effective at bringing about behavioral changes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48441,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Social Psychology","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 104749"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143767766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The plurality effect: People are more dishonest toward group than individual targets 多元效应：人们对群体比对个人目标更不诚实

IF 3.2 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2025.104746

Hsuan-Che (Brad) Huang , Ruodan Shao , Ann E. Tenbrunsel , Kristina A. Diekmann , Daniel P. Skarlicki

{"title":"The plurality effect: People are more dishonest toward group than individual targets","authors":"Hsuan-Che (Brad) Huang , Ruodan Shao , Ann E. Tenbrunsel , Kristina A. Diekmann , Daniel P. Skarlicki","doi":"10.1016/j.jesp.2025.104746","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesp.2025.104746","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Prior research on the relationship between group versus individual targets and unethical behavior directed toward those targets is incomplete. Extending this line of research, the present paper examines whether individuals engage in more dishonest behaviors when interacting with a group (vs. an individual). Across six experiments and three supplemental studies (<em>N</em> = 2376), we found that individuals demonstrated more dishonesty toward groups as opposed to individual targets, which we label the <em>plurality effect</em>. This effect was observed across a variety of situations (both low-stakes and high-stakes contexts with real monetary payouts), including when providing advice to others with an incentive to be dishonest, in employment interviews, and in negotiations. Mediation tests revealed that participants experienced lower moral concern when the target was a group versus an individual, and this finding held after testing for alternative explanations. Group membership and collectivism jointly moderated the effect, such that the plurality effect was stronger for targets who are members of the decision makers outgroup (vs. ingroup) among decision makers with high (vs. low) collectivistic values.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48441,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Social Psychology","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 104746"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143611650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

When everything is at stake: Understanding support for radical collective actions and collective victimhood through anger in a post-conflict setting 当一切都危在旦夕时：了解在冲突后的环境中，对激进集体行动和通过愤怒而成为集体受害者的支持

IF 3.2 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2025.104752

Islam Borinca, Russell Spears

{"title":"When everything is at stake: Understanding support for radical collective actions and collective victimhood through anger in a post-conflict setting","authors":"Islam Borinca, Russell Spears","doi":"10.1016/j.jesp.2025.104752","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesp.2025.104752","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In post-conflict societies, peace and safety often depend on political and economic support from international organizations. But what happens when this support is withdrawn? To investigate this question, we conducted two cross-sectional (<em>N</em> = 832) and one two-wave longitudinal experiment (with waves two weeks apart, Wave 1: <em>N</em> = 416; Wave 2: <em>N</em> = 400) in the post-conflict context of Kosovo, exposing disadvantaged group members (Kosovo Albanians) to information suggesting that relevant organizations (i.e., NATO and the EU) were no longer (vs. still) supporting them. Withdrawal of international support was framed as a psychological experience of perceived abandonment and heightened uncertainty, reinforcing concerns about group security and international exclusion. Results showed that withdrawing either political (NATO) or economic (EU) support independently increased anger toward historical antagonists, support for radical collective action, perceptions of ingroup radicalization, and collective victimhood. Crucially, the combined withdrawal of both intensified these effects, highlighting the interplay between political and economic instability in shaping intergroup attitudes. Anger toward historical antagonists mediated these effects, and the two-wave experiment confirmed that the impact of withdrawn support persisted over time. This article discusses the theoretical and practical implications of these findings for collective action and intergroup relations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48441,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Social Psychology","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 104752"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143816834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

What goes around comes around: Foreign language use increases immanent justice thinking 以牙还牙：外语的使用增加了内在的正义思维

IF 3.2 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2025.104747

Janet Geipel , Constantinos Hadjichristidis , Luca Surian

引用次数: 0