Journal of Experimental Social Psychology最新文献_第6页

Beyond first impressions: Investigating the influence of visual attention and cue availability in discriminatory behavior 超越第一印象：研究视觉注意力和线索可用性对辨别行为的影响

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology Pub Date : 2024-05-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2024.104628

Eliane Roy, Y. Doug Dong, A. Ross Otto, Jordan Axt

{"title":"Beyond first impressions: Investigating the influence of visual attention and cue availability in discriminatory behavior","authors":"Eliane Roy, Y. Doug Dong, A. Ross Otto, Jordan Axt","doi":"10.1016/j.jesp.2024.104628","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jesp.2024.104628","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In many contexts, the magnitude of discrimination in social judgment is determined by the level of sensitivity and bias in evaluation. However, little is known about factors that shape these processes. Using a mock admissions task, we investigated how variation in the time spent processing non-diagnostic social information (e.g., a face communicating attractiveness) versus decision-relevant information (e.g., information about candidate's qualifications) differentially impacted sensitivity versus bias, using both correlational eye-tracking (Study 1) and experimental approaches (Studies 2–3). Higher sensitivity (i.e., less judgment errors) was consistently related to the amount of time participants viewed decision-relevant information. However, bias (i.e., selection leniency based on attractiveness) was unrelated to the amount of time participants chose to view or were allowed to view faces. Bias emerged when faces were shown for as little as 350 milliseconds. The ease with which social information is encoded suggests that merely limiting its' presentation is ineffective for reducing discrimination.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48441,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Social Psychology","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 104628"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022103124000404/pdfft?md5=a609c5dc212ba6bea12ca079be1b076b&pid=1-s2.0-S0022103124000404-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141092098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Endorsing both sides, pleasing neither: Ambivalent individuals face unexpected social costs in political conflicts 两边都支持，两边都不讨好：政治冲突中的矛盾个体面临意想不到的社会成本

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology Pub Date : 2024-05-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2024.104631

Joseph J. Siev , Aviva Philipp-Muller , Geoffrey R.O. Durso , Duane T. Wegener

{"title":"Endorsing both sides, pleasing neither: Ambivalent individuals face unexpected social costs in political conflicts","authors":"Joseph J. Siev , Aviva Philipp-Muller , Geoffrey R.O. Durso , Duane T. Wegener","doi":"10.1016/j.jesp.2024.104631","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2024.104631","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Reducing political polarization requires finding common ground among people with diverse opinions. The current research shows that people generally <em>expect</em> that expressing ambivalence about political issues—endorsing some considerations on both sides, for instance—can help them establish positive relations with others holding a wide variety of political views. However, across several policy topics—COVID-19 mask mandates, immigration, and the death penalty—we found that targets expressing a given position with more (vs. less) ambivalence were not liked more, whether perceivers agreed or disagreed with their overall position. In fact, when perceivers agreed with targets' overall positions, they judged those with more (vs. less) ambivalent attitudes as <em>less</em> likeable, warm, and competent. Although views of ambivalent targets varied across perceivers, the negative effect when targets and perceivers shared overall positions was larger and more consistent than any positive effects among opposing perceivers. This exposes a mismatch between expectation and social reality: Whereas expressing ambivalence might make intuitive sense toward bridging political divides, we found it was ironically more likely to reduce liking among allies while maintaining disliking among adversaries. These findings speak to the interpersonal dynamics of political polarization, highlighting a potential social disincentive against publicly taking nuanced positions on political issues.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48441,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Social Psychology","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 104631"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141084402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mindless furry test-tubes: Categorizing animals as lab-subjects leads to their mind denial 无意识的毛茸茸试管将动物归类为实验对象会导致它们的思想被否定

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology Pub Date : 2024-05-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2024.104629

Kevin Vezirian , Laurent Bègue , Brock Bastian

{"title":"Mindless furry test-tubes: Categorizing animals as lab-subjects leads to their mind denial","authors":"Kevin Vezirian , Laurent Bègue , Brock Bastian","doi":"10.1016/j.jesp.2024.104629","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2024.104629","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Despite caring for animals, most people use products tested on lab-animals daily, and rarely consider the implications of their choices for animal testing. We experimentally examined across four preregistered and high-powered online studies (total <em>N</em> = 3405) whether categorizing animals as being lab-subjects, in a context where people are also reminded of the implications of their own consumer choices, could lead to their mind denial. Findings confirmed that participants consistently denied mind to animals used for product testing compared to those same animals presented outside of this context. Manipulating the perceived suffering experienced by laboratory animals and the responsibility of individuals, however, did not affect the extent of mind denial. Our findings suggest, consistent with previous work, that categorizing animals as ‘furry test-tubes’ changes how we perceive them, in order to rationalize their use for testing the products we consume on a daily basis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48441,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Social Psychology","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 104629"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022103124000416/pdfft?md5=9168deaf3217f6243912800f7b277087&pid=1-s2.0-S0022103124000416-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140950786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fragility and forgiveness: Masculinity concerns affect men's willingness to forgive 脆弱与宽恕：男性特质影响男性的宽恕意愿

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology Pub Date : 2024-05-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2024.104626

Michael P. Haselhuhn , Margaret E. Ormiston

引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to “US cisgender women's psychological responses to physical femininity threats: Increased anxiety, reduced self-esteem” [Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 110(2024) 104547] 美国顺性别女性对身体女性化威胁的心理反应：焦虑增加，自尊降低"[《实验社会心理学杂志》110（2024）104547］

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology Pub Date : 2024-05-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2024.104627

Natalie M. Wittlin, Marianne LaFrance, John F. Dovidio, Jennifer A. Richeson

引用次数: 0

If not me then we: Goal tradeoffs in decision-making for the self, ingroup, and outgroup 如果不是我，那就是我们：自我、内群和外群决策中的目标权衡

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology Pub Date : 2024-05-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2024.104625

Suraiya Allidina , William A. Cunningham

{"title":"If not me then we: Goal tradeoffs in decision-making for the self, ingroup, and outgroup","authors":"Suraiya Allidina , William A. Cunningham","doi":"10.1016/j.jesp.2024.104625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2024.104625","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Navigating the social world requires individuals to balance multiple goals, including the drives to improve one's own outcomes, aid ingroup members, and help or hurt outgroup members. While self-interest and intergroup bias are both well-established motivational phenomena, less is known about how these goals may interact. Here we examine the nature of goal tradeoffs in intergroup decision-making using a novel task in which participants simultaneously make monetary decisions for themselves, an arbitrary ingroup, and the corresponding outgroup. Across four behavioural studies and one eye-tracking study (total <em>N</em> = 704), we find that goals in intergroup contexts are pursued sequentially rather than concurrently, with non-linear upweighting of group-related goals when self-related goals cannot be pursued. Further, we find evidence for stronger self-ingroup than self-outgroup tradeoffs, which manifest in both altered attention to information and altered use of the attended information in decision-making. The results shed light on the cognitive structuring of interrelated goals in intergroup decision-making, furthering our understanding of when and how both intergroup biases and prosocial behaviour may emerge.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48441,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Social Psychology","volume":"113 ","pages":"Article 104625"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022103124000374/pdfft?md5=09817b1f6630e64fef966104e0fdfb44&pid=1-s2.0-S0022103124000374-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140893551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Social identity threat attenuates own-race bias in face recognition under the “Asian-Caucasian” context 在 "亚洲人-高加索人 "语境下，社会身份威胁可减轻人脸识别中的种族偏见

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology Pub Date : 2024-05-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2024.104624

Yinxiu Gong, Xinyi Zhao, Qian Ma, Guomei Zhou

{"title":"Social identity threat attenuates own-race bias in face recognition under the “Asian-Caucasian” context","authors":"Yinxiu Gong, Xinyi Zhao, Qian Ma, Guomei Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.jesp.2024.104624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2024.104624","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>People typically remember faces of their own race better than the faces of other races, which is known as the own-race bias. Social-cognitive theories on the own-race bias debate if motivation plays a role in racial face recognition under the “Asian-Caucasian” context. We investigated the effect of social-identity-threat based motivation on own-race bias. In Experiment 1, Chinese participants were primed with a negative image of own-race by associating Chinese (i.e., own-race) faces with negative personality traits. Results showed that such social identity threat marginally affect the own-race bias in face recognition sensitivity (Experiment 1a), and it did not influence participants' implicit positive attitudes toward their ethnicity (Experiment 1b). In Experiments 2, 3 and 4, the social identity threat was manipulated by reading an article before the face recognition task. Experiment 2 found that the social identity threat significantly affected the own-race bias in face recognition false alarm. Although we did not find the modulation effect of group on ORB with ANOVA in Experiments 3 and 4, we observed the significant indirect effect of group on ORB through the mediator of generalized threat. Together, the current study provides evidence of social motivation in the own-race bias in the “Asian-Caucasian” setting.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48441,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Social Psychology","volume":"113 ","pages":"Article 104624"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140823880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

In the pursuit of happiness: Attaining a greater number of high-status positions increases well-being but only in select groups 在追求幸福的过程中：获得更多的高地位职位会增加幸福感，但仅限于特定群体

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology Pub Date : 2024-05-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2024.104622

John Angus D. Hildreth

{"title":"In the pursuit of happiness: Attaining a greater number of high-status positions increases well-being but only in select groups","authors":"John Angus D. Hildreth","doi":"10.1016/j.jesp.2024.104622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2024.104622","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the pursuit of happiness, how does an individual's standing in each of their groups affect their well-being? In ten pre-registered studies of 3554 participants, I found that attaining a greater number of high-status positions increased well-being but only in select groups. In surveys of workers (Studies 1, S1 and S2) and student athletes (Study S3), well-being was significantly positively related to the number and proportion of high-status positions a person held in their <em>important</em> groups, i.e., those groups central to their identity, but was not related to the status they held in their unimportant groups, regardless of how status was measured. Holding high-status in important groups increased well-being because such positions bolstered individuals' self-esteem and increased their sense of acceptance in those groups but not because such positions enhanced their sense of power. Four experiments (Studies 2, S5, S6, and S7) utilizing random assignment and a year-long longitudinal study (Study 3) established the causal relationship between well-being and high-status across groups as well as the moderating role of the groups' importance. A field study of graduate students (Study S4) utilizing a round-robin design confirmed that well-being was positively related to graduate students' self-reported status as well as the status ratings they received from their peers in an important group but not in an unimportant group. Therefore, in the pursuit of happiness, individuals would be wise to focus their energy on attaining and maintaining high-status only in those important groups that are central to their identity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48441,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Social Psychology","volume":"113 ","pages":"Article 104622"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140823881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The effect of financial stress on inhibitory control and economic decisions 经济压力对抑制控制和经济决策的影响

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology Pub Date : 2024-05-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2024.104621

Bradley T. Hughes , Rita M. Ludwig , Kelly E. Robles , Elliot T. Berkman

{"title":"The effect of financial stress on inhibitory control and economic decisions","authors":"Bradley T. Hughes , Rita M. Ludwig , Kelly E. Robles , Elliot T. Berkman","doi":"10.1016/j.jesp.2024.104621","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2024.104621","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Financial scarcity, both real and imagined, is associated with impaired executive functions and present-focused economic decisions. What is the mechanism that connects the lack of financial resources to these cognitive and behavioral effects? The present work will test the hypothesis that the experience of financial stress contributes to these deficits by reducing executive functions related to self-control and causing present-focused, real-world economic decisions. In a preliminary experiment (<em>N</em> = 215), we found support for the hypothesis that financial stress (as compared to social stress) causes a reduction in inhibitory control performance. In the registered study, we recruited participants (<em>N</em> = 1014) from diverse socioeconomic backgrounds and assessed inhibitory control before and after a financial stress manipulation, and economic preferences. The results did not support the hypothesis that momentary financial stress reduces inhibitory control or alters time preference. However, chronic financial stress was associated with reduced inhibitory control and VWM, and real-world economic decisions. Several interactions between SES and the effect of conditions highlight the relevance of a person's SES in the association between affective experiences and cognitive and behavioral responses. We discuss the implications of this work for future study of the association between SES, executive function, and economic decisions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48441,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Social Psychology","volume":"113 ","pages":"Article 104621"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022103124000337/pdfft?md5=d75e1d310cf0120a029922226e280950&pid=1-s2.0-S0022103124000337-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140818238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The spillover effect of mimicry: Being mimicked by one person increases prosocial behavior toward another person 模仿的溢出效应：被一个人模仿会增加对另一个人的亲社会行为

IF 3.5 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology Pub Date : 2024-04-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2024.104620

Paweł Muniak , Oliver Genschow , Dariusz Dolinski , Tomasz Grzyb , Wojciech Kulesza

{"title":"The spillover effect of mimicry: Being mimicked by one person increases prosocial behavior toward another person","authors":"Paweł Muniak , Oliver Genschow , Dariusz Dolinski , Tomasz Grzyb , Wojciech Kulesza","doi":"10.1016/j.jesp.2024.104620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2024.104620","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>People have the automatic tendency to mimic their interaction partners. Mimicry theories propose that such mimicking behavior is beneficial for the mimicker as mimicked persons tend to like, trust and help the mimicker more. Yet an open question remains as to whether prosocial effects translate to parties other than the mimicker. To test for the presence of such a spillover effect, we ran two field experiments (total <em>N</em> = 460). In all experiments, participants interacted with an experimenter. The experimenter either verbally mimicked the participants or behaved naturally. Afterwards, either the experimenter or another person asked participants to donate to a charity. Across all experiments, our results indicate that irrespective of whether a donation request is made by the mimicker or another person, mimicry increases the likelihood to donate to a charity, but not the amount that participants are willing to donate. Bayesian analyses suggest that this effect is less strongly pronounced than assumed by previous research and theories.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48441,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Social Psychology","volume":"113 ","pages":"Article 104620"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140645867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0