Marine Policy最新文献

{"title":"Fine-scale mapping of ocean user groups to support species and habitat spatial management","authors":"Owen M. Exeter ,&nbsp;Julian Branscombe ,&nbsp;Annette C. Broderick ,&nbsp;Tom Hooper ,&nbsp;Jan Maclennan ,&nbsp;Trudy Russell ,&nbsp;Kate Sugar ,&nbsp;Alice Trevail ,&nbsp;Julie Webber ,&nbsp;Kristian Metcalfe","doi":"10.1016/j.marpol.2025.106588","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marpol.2025.106588","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Context</h3><div>Maritime vessel activity is pervasive in the world’s oceans causing detrimental impacts on marine ecosystems. The management and monitoring of vessel activity has historically been focused on industrial vessels, however, and is often conducted only at large spatial scales and coarse resolutions. A more holistic approach is needed to understand where and when different maritime fleets are impacting the marine environment, particularly within protected areas.</div></div><div><h3>Aims and methods</h3><div>Here we explore fine-scale (50 m²) spatiotemporal patterns of multi-fleet vessel activity using Satellite Automatic Identification System (S-AIS) data over a two-year period (2018 – 2019) within a network of marine protected areas (MPAs) and their conservation features, using the biologically distinct oceanic archipelago of the Isles of Scilly (UK) as a case study.</div></div><div><h3>Key results</h3><div>Vessel activity was widespread, affecting over 87 % of the study area. However, high-intensity activity was concentrated along key transit and shipping routes. Recreational and passenger vessels posed the greatest pressure within MPAs, particularly on conservation-critical features like European shag habitats and seagrass beds. Seagrass beds faced additional pressures from anchoring and mooring, with impact pressure up to four times higher than in other habitats.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings reveal the complexity of mapping vessel impacts within MPAs and underscore the value of high-resolution analyses. Further research is needed to understand the in-situ effects on marine communities, particularly in high-pressure areas. Ignoring these cumulative impacts in monitoring strategies may compromise the effectiveness of MPAs in achieving their conservation goals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48427,"journal":{"name":"Marine Policy","volume":"174 ","pages":"Article 106588"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143154835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Key drivers of model choice by fisheries scientists and their propensity to adopt stock assessment packages","authors":"Sean Pascoe ,&nbsp;Natalie Dowling ,&nbsp;Catherine M. Dichmont ,&nbsp;Roy Deng ,&nbsp;Andre E. Punt ,&nbsp;Ingrid van Putten","doi":"10.1016/j.marpol.2024.106583","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marpol.2024.106583","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Central to fisheries management is an understanding of the state of the underlying fisheries resource. The development of stock assessment packages over the last two decades provides fisheries scientists with a large toolbox with which to assess the state of these resources. Despite this, uptake of these packages has been limited, with many stock assessments still based on bespoke models (i.e., population dynamics models and the associated estimation frameworks coded, and tailored to specific species or fisheries). We examine the uptake of stock assessment packages in Australia, and the key factors that affect an individual’s decision to use any particular model type. We use the technology acceptance model as the general framework for assessing external and socio-demographic factors that potentially influence the uptake of stock assessment packages. We assess the relative importance of these factors using a modified Analytic Hierarchy Process and regression tree analysis. We find that the type and availability of data are main common external factors, but the importance of other factors differ across different types of modellers (those who identify as “bespoke modellers/package developers” and “users”). We also find that the propensity to adopt packages is inversely related to stock assessment experience. This may reflect a cohort effect (i.e., appropriate packages were more available/acceptable for newer scientists), but it may also reflect institutional norms concerning professional identity and underlying current incentives associated with career advancement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48427,"journal":{"name":"Marine Policy","volume":"174 ","pages":"Article 106583"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143154833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How can we sea change? Audience subgroups and psychological cognitions to target in action-oriented ocean change communication","authors":"Jennifer L. Waldo ,&nbsp;Mark D. Needham ,&nbsp;Megan S. Jones","doi":"10.1016/j.marpol.2024.106585","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marpol.2024.106585","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Climate change’s impacts on the oceans (“ocean change”) threaten people globally. Climate action is needed at multiple scales, from individual to collective action, and yet there is limited research on what motivates this action in response to ocean change. In this study, we conducted an online survey of residents of the state of Oregon, United States (<em>n</em> = 1414), to assess concerns, personal importance, and risk perceptions regarding ocean change and explore potential psychological cognitions to target in action-oriented communication efforts. Our latent class analysis identified four distinct audience subgroups ranging from individuals who are Doubtful (9 %) about ocean change to those who are Cautious (20 %), Concerned (33 %), and Alarmed (38 %). Audience subgroups varied in their climate action intentions and associated psychological cognitions (i.e., psychological distance, efficacy beliefs, social norm perceptions). The climate action intentions of the Alarmed and Concerned were positively predicted by all cognitions, those of the Cautious were significantly predicted by social norms (<em>β</em> = .15, <em>p</em> = .002) and efficacy beliefs (<em>β</em> = .34, <em>p</em> &lt; .001), and those of the Doubtful were only predicted by efficacy beliefs (<em>β</em> = .23, <em>p</em> &lt; .001). Across all four audiences, efficacy beliefs were strongly associated with intended climate action (<em>β</em> = .30, <em>p</em> &lt; .001), suggesting efficacy beliefs may be a practical cognition to target in broad audience communication efforts on ocean change. These findings reinforce the importance of targeting specific psychological cognitions and, ideally, distinct audiences in ocean change communication efforts intending to motivate widespread climate action.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48427,"journal":{"name":"Marine Policy","volume":"173 ","pages":"Article 106585"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143152037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Governing underwater noise from shipping in Antarctica: Current state of affairs and paths forward","authors":"Andrey Todorov","doi":"10.1016/j.marpol.2025.106586","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marpol.2025.106586","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the growth of shipping in the Southern Ocean, the marine environment becomes increasingly exposed to various adverse impacts, including underwater radiated noise (URN) from vessels. URN overlaps with the frequencies of sound used by many marine species for communication, foraging and navigation, and can harm them on the individual and population level. Although the international awareness of this problem is gaining momentum, scientific knowledge gaps complicate progress in addressing it in a holistic and coordinated manner. In the Antarctic context, limited discussions on URN have been conducted since the early 2000s, revealing significant insufficiency of scientific data on the levels of URN intensity and its impacts on various marine species observed in the region. So far, the Antarctic Treaty parties have not taken any regulatory action to address URN. At the same time, the growth in regional shipping suggests that some efforts could be appropriate in the near future. This article analyzes the current state of knowledge about URN from shipping, the relevant international regulatory framework, both within the Antarctic Treaty System and beyond, as well as potential mitigation approaches to address the impact of URN in Antarctica. The key finding is that effective mitigation will require the engagement of multiple stakeholders, including governments, ship owners and operators, seafarers, Antarctic gateway ports authorities and others.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48427,"journal":{"name":"Marine Policy","volume":"173 ","pages":"Article 106586"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143152036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fishing (in) the past to inform the future: Lessons from the histories of fisheries management in Lake Malawi and Mbenji Island","authors":"David Wilson ,&nbsp;Elias Chirwa ,&nbsp;Bryson Nkhoma ,&nbsp;Milo Gough ,&nbsp;Charles W. Knapp ,&nbsp;Tracy Morse ,&nbsp;Wapulumuka Mulwafu","doi":"10.1016/j.marpol.2025.106589","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marpol.2025.106589","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Without historical interrogation of past and present fisheries management, governors and their sponsors often fall into the trap of replicating and reproducing failed approaches. Even when aimed at community empowerment, a lack of historical awareness can lead to underappreciation of the institutional, economic, and socio-ecological contexts that resource users navigate. In this article, we explore the history of fisheries management in Lake Malawi through comparative investigation of two enduring management regimes that developed in the mid-twentieth century: centralised fisheries management and the chief-led regime at Mbenji Island. We argue that the long-term successes of Mbenji Island fisheries in comparison to under-resourced and patchy governmental management has resulted from targeted technical regulations combined with robust leadership, proactive enforcement, sustained ecological and economic benefits, transparent processes, and embeddedness in existing institutions and beliefs. Yet, this regime has not existed in isolation from centralised management but, instead, has been directly and indirectly impacted by it. Pairing comparative historical analysis with analysis of fish specimens and water quality, we consider the underlying principles, long-term outcomes, and entanglements of these two regimes. Such an approach offers important insights into questions of governance legitimacy, the feedback between management regimes, and the role of science within management. Ultimately, the findings reported in this paper agree with recent surveys emphasising the need to focus on processes centred on participation and capacity building rather than set ecological outcomes within small-scale fisheries management. However, we argue that this requires deep historical awareness and reflection that is too often neglected.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48427,"journal":{"name":"Marine Policy","volume":"173 ","pages":"Article 106589"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143152039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facing oceanographic, fisheries, and governance hotspots: Scientific evidence and policy implications from the southwest South Atlantic Ocean","authors":"Omar Defeo ,&nbsp;Bárbara C. Franco ,&nbsp;Alberto R. Piola ,&nbsp;Claudio C. Buratti ,&nbsp;Luis Gustavo Cardoso ,&nbsp;Federico Cortés ,&nbsp;Ignacio Gianelli ,&nbsp;Micaela Giorgini ,&nbsp;Gabriela Jorge-Romero ,&nbsp;Diego Lercari ,&nbsp;Erika Meerhoff ,&nbsp;Leonardo Ortega ,&nbsp;Jose Angel Alvarez Perez ,&nbsp;Nicolás Prandoni ,&nbsp;Rodrigo Sant’Ana","doi":"10.1016/j.marpol.2024.106584","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marpol.2024.106584","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The southwest South Atlantic Ocean (SWAO) is a highly dynamic region where subtropical and subantarctic waters converge, making it one of the world's most productive marine areas. The SWAO is also one of the world’s most intense marine hotspots, with rising sea surface temperatures and climate-induced shifts in species distribution posing significant challenges. This paper investigates long-term trends in key fishery resources exploited by Brazil, Uruguay, and Argentina over the past 70 years, focusing on the transboundary and straddling stocks that dominate the region's catch statistics. Key strengths identified include the use of diverse stock assessment methods, the implementation of effective management measures, and the establishment of collaborative governance systems, all of which have contributed to fostering sustainable fisheries. However, the study highlights the need for adaptive management strategies due to the impacts of climate change, including the tropicalization of species and shifts in fish abundance. Governance challenges are exacerbated by weak coordination among countries and the absence of robust and inclusive international agreements, particularly for managing straddling stocks in international waters. The paper emphasizes the need for an international governance framework aligned with ecological, social, and institutional scales aiming to ensure sustainable fisheries amid climate-induced changes. Recommendations include the development of dynamic and adaptive management approaches, enhanced monitoring systems, and stronger regional cooperation to address the shared challenges in the SWAO. The interplay between climate, biodiversity, and fisheries management and governance is essential for establishing resilient social-ecological systems in this region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48427,"journal":{"name":"Marine Policy","volume":"173 ","pages":"Article 106584"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143152647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Realising the potential of interoperable data products to improve the outlook for marine biodiversity: Lessons from the European marine observation and data network","authors":"Thomas J. Webb ,&nbsp;Joana Beja ,&nbsp;Salvador Jesús Fernández Bejarano ,&nbsp;Elvira Ramos ,&nbsp;Samuel Sainz-Villegas ,&nbsp;Karline Soetaert ,&nbsp;Willem Stolte ,&nbsp;Charles Troupin ,&nbsp;Benjamin Weigel","doi":"10.1016/j.marpol.2024.106578","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marpol.2024.106578","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Policies responding to increasing pressures on marine biodiversity require adequate data to support their implementation and to monitor their effectiveness. Marine biodiversity science has made significant progress generating and aggregating biodiversity data, however turning this into evidence-based knowledge useful to decision makers remains a significant challenge. ‘Data products’ provide processed data to address specific user needs, and are widely used in climate science, geosciences, and remote sensing, but the development of biodiversity data products is challenging due to the complexity of biological systems and of the data derived from surveys designed without explicit biodiversity policy or management guidance. A wide range of potential products of interest may include distributional data for thousands of individual taxa, requiring advanced statistical methods to model patterns in biodiversity using heterogeneous and sparse source data with biases in spatial, temporal, and taxonomic coverage. We illustrate these challenges using data products created within the Biology thematic lot of the European Marine Observation and Data Network (EMODnet), and we propose that the EMODnet Biology approach, which involves providing clear and open documentation of the product creation process with a strong emphasis on the computational tools needed to link source data to higher-level data products, can productively support decision making at the European scale. Furthermore, this approach provides part of the essential infrastructure required to maximise the financial benefits of FAIR data, and data products play a key role in empowering users to make maximum use of existing biodiversity data to help to understand and manage our seas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48427,"journal":{"name":"Marine Policy","volume":"173 ","pages":"Article 106578"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143152035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The commitment of the EU Biodiversity Strategy for 2030 is unfeasible for marine threatened species affected by invasive alien species","authors":"Henn Ojaveer ,&nbsp;Bella Galil ,&nbsp;Hanno Seebens","doi":"10.1016/j.marpol.2024.106582","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marpol.2024.106582","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The paper examines the feasibility of achieving the ambitious quantitative commitment stated in the EU Biodiversity Strategy for 2030 “a 50 % reduction in the number of Red List species threatened by invasive alien species” concerning marine species. The limited knowledge base and poor confidence in the evidence concerning impacts of IAS in the marine realm, and the complexity of multiple stressors affecting marine biota, pose major challenges to achieving the management goal. Specifically, i) assessments of IAS impacts in European seas were available only for 73 % of the investigated Red List species (RLS; Critically Endangered, Endangered, Near Threatened, and Vulnerable), ii) for 40 % of the assessed RLS (in Europe or globally) the threat/severity impact posed by IAS remains to be fully assessed, and iii) threat/harm-posing IAS were identified at the species level only in 64 % cases. Overall, the i) relative IAS impact compared to other threats, ii) certainty of IAS impact evidence, iii) IAS control potential, and iv) potential for reducing threat category of RLS following IAS management remain low. Given the generally poor knowledge base on IAS impacts on the RLS inhabiting European seas (irrespective of the EU boundaries), we advocate a re-examination of the available data augmented with targeted studies to support management actions. While the 50 % reduction of RLS threatened by IAS, as laid out by the EU Biodiversity Strategy for 2030, via direct management of these IAS is unfeasible, addressing other evidence-based threats to reduce the pressure on RLS should be considered.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48427,"journal":{"name":"Marine Policy","volume":"173 ","pages":"Article 106582"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143152034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ocean management and rights of Nature: The case of the Galapagos in Ecuador and beyond","authors":"Dorine Eva van Norren ,&nbsp;Chris de Blok","doi":"10.1016/j.marpol.2024.106564","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marpol.2024.106564","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The expanded protection zone of Galapagos encircling sea territories of Ecuador, Colombia, Costa Rica and Panama (CMAR<span><span>¹</span></span>) could incorporate a rights of Nature approach,<span><span>²</span></span> whereby prosecution of trespassers becomes more likely to be successful as cross boundary ecology is recognized in the rights of Nature approach and extra territorial application facilitated with positive effects for ocean governance. In the rights of Nature doctrine, anyone can stand up for Nature regardless of personal interest. The Galapagos sharkfin cases of 2015 and 2019 based on constitutional rights of Nature legislation in Ecuador demonstrate the preventative effect. This can be a first step towards recognizing ocean rights (as a substrand of rights of Nature). There are several options for implementation in CMAR. This fits into a wider buen vivir (good living in harmony with Nature) and development approach. Closing of areas for biodiversity protection has wider ecosystem effects (as Palau demonstrated) causing multiplication of species such as sharks outside the protection zones as well. Current levels of (CMAR and general) ocean protection are highly insufficient. The national Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) are too small in number. Moreover, the areas covered by MPAs do not always have high protection levels. The majority of areas beyond national jurisdiction are thus not protected. Which countries will ratify the new ocean protection regime (BBNJ)<span><span>³</span></span> remains to be seen.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48427,"journal":{"name":"Marine Policy","volume":"173 ","pages":"Article 106564"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143152033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pescatourism’s contribution to the management effectiveness of the Marine Protected Area (MPA) of “Taza” (Algeria, Southwestern Mediterranean)","authors":"Salah Eddine Guedri ,&nbsp;Amina Hana Djabi ,&nbsp;Ibrahim Yahiaoui","doi":"10.1016/j.marpol.2024.106581","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marpol.2024.106581","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Specific experiences in the Mediterranean region have proven successful in assessing the management effectiveness of Marine Protected Areas (MPAs). Today, we recognize MPAs as complex socio-ecological systems where human activities and marine ecosystems interact. This paper is part of a broader context and aims to provide an empirical and analytical study that informs and guides decision-makers. The study analyses the relationship between Pescatourism and the management effectiveness of MPAs, using the case study of the MPA of “Taza” (Algeria, SW Mediterranean). Our research is based on a quantitative study but also incorporates qualitative approaches, whose main tools are questionnaires and interviews. The findings of this study affirm, on the one hand, the potential role of Pescatourism in promoting the sustainable management of marine ecosystems and, on the other hand, the sustainability of local community activities, particularly the artisanal fishing sector, as a vital component of the national socio-cultural heritage. Furthermore, this article presents some paths for consideration regarding their potential synergies, particularly through an integrated approach encompassing fishing and coastal tourism.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48427,"journal":{"name":"Marine Policy","volume":"173 ","pages":"Article 106581"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143152004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}