IF 3.4 2区心理学

Emotion Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-16 DOI: 10.1037/emo0001492

Chayce R Baldwin, Kathryn E Schertz, Ariana Orvell, Cory Costello, Sakura Takahashi, Jason S Moser, Ozlem Ayduk, Ethan Kross

{"title":"Managing emotions in everyday life: Why a toolbox of strategies matters.","authors":"Chayce R Baldwin, Kathryn E Schertz, Ariana Orvell, Cory Costello, Sakura Takahashi, Jason S Moser, Ozlem Ayduk, Ethan Kross","doi":"10.1037/emo0001492","DOIUrl":"10.1037/emo0001492","url":null,"abstract":"Emerging research indicates that people use multiple strategies to manage their emotions in everyday life. Yet, we know little about what these strategy combinations look like, how they function, or how individual differences influence these phenomena. We addressed these issues in two, 2-week daily diary studies performed during the height of the COVID-19 pandemic (N = 422; data collected April and September 2020). Each evening, participants rated their level of COVID-19 anxiety and indicated which of 18 emotion regulation strategies they used to manage it. There was tremendous diversity in the strategy combinations people used: 74% of the combinations were unique across participants and included strategies seldom studied together (e.g., exercise, journaling, social interaction, and cognitive reframing). On average, using a given strategy predicted same-day use of another strategy with only 1% accuracy. Despite this variability, a set of features consistently predicted effective regulation: Using large and healthy repertoires of strategies in diverse ways predicted reductions in anxiety over time. Psychologically distressed individuals experienced more daily anxiety and drew on a wider but more unhealthy set of strategies. However, when they used adaptive strategy combinations, they benefited just as much as less distressed individuals. These results illuminate the anatomy of people's emotion regulatory lives, underscoring the need to develop frameworks that capture the diverse ways people manage their emotions. They also identify specific mechanisms that interventions can target to improve how people manage their emotions under ecologically valid conditions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48417,"journal":{"name":"Emotion","volume":" ","pages":"1122-1136"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143014382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Improving social belonging, meaning, and mental health during COVID-19: A self-affirmation approach. 在COVID-19期间改善社会归属感、意义和心理健康：一种自我肯定的方法。

IF 3.4 2区心理学

Emotion Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-17 DOI: 10.1037/emo0001498

Isabelle Q Tay, Geoffrey L Cohen

{"title":"Improving social belonging, meaning, and mental health during COVID-19: A self-affirmation approach.","authors":"Isabelle Q Tay, Geoffrey L Cohen","doi":"10.1037/emo0001498","DOIUrl":"10.1037/emo0001498","url":null,"abstract":"The topics of social belonging, meaning and purpose in life, and mental health have enduring significance, and our objective was to assess the efficacy of two values-affirmation (VA)-based interventions in forestalling critical psychological costs of the COVID-19 pandemic. Both were based on self-affirmation theory (Steele, 1988) and sought to help people stay connected with their core values during this stressful time. One intervention was a one-time VA activity in which participants wrote about important values and were reminded of the value of focusing on core values during uncertain times. A second, elaborated version further guided participants to incorporate brief, values-aligned daily activities. A longitudinal randomized controlled experiment conducted in the United States and Italy revealed an upward trend in social belonging and mental health among participants in the VA conditions-a surprising and positive outcome during a time of looming fear. The trajectories of social belonging and meaning were altered in the intervention conditions, yielding immediate benefits, while long-term benefits (4 weeks postintervention) on social belonging and mental health were confined to men, who experienced poorer psychological outcomes as the pandemic progressed. Additionally, socioeconomic status moderated intervention effects on social belonging, primarily benefitting participants of lower socioeconomic status. Surprisingly, culture and other risk factors (e.g., financial impact of COVID-19; living alone) did not moderate intervention effects. Discussion centers on how tailored VAs can interrupt a recursive cycle triggered by threats to self-integrity, and the potential of social psychologically informed interventions for enhancing belonging, meaning and mental health in face of acute stressors. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48417,"journal":{"name":"Emotion","volume":" ","pages":"1317-1336"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Examining the dynamic impact of emotional apologies on forgiveness. 研究情感道歉对宽恕的动态影响。

IF 3.4 2区心理学

Emotion Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-17 DOI: 10.1037/emo0001504

Pascale Sophie Russell, Erica G Hepper, Fabio Fasoli, Aífe Hopkins-Doyle, Felien Boone

引用次数: 0

The function of regulator's empathy and social distance in adolescent interpersonal emotion regulation effectiveness: A dyadic approach. 调节者共情和社会距离在青少年人际情绪调节效果中的作用：一个二元分析。

IF 3.4 2区心理学

Emotion Pub Date : 2025-07-21 DOI: 10.1037/emo0001565

Qichen Wang, Yuran Qiao, Yanjie Su

{"title":"The function of regulator's empathy and social distance in adolescent interpersonal emotion regulation effectiveness: A dyadic approach.","authors":"Qichen Wang, Yuran Qiao, Yanjie Su","doi":"10.1037/emo0001565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/emo0001565","url":null,"abstract":"Previous studies have indicated that adolescents are susceptible to emotional cues and can benefit from peers' interpersonal emotion regulation (IER). However, it remains unclear how an adolescent regulator's personal traits shape an effective IER. The present study examined the role of regulator's trait empathy and social distance between the regulator and the target on IER effectiveness among adolescents and explored the underlying behavioral mechanism. A total of 420 adolescent dyads with ages ranging from 12 to 18 years participated (212 dyads of friends; 208 dyads of strangers). After reporting their empathy levels, each regulator inferred the emotional intensity of the target based on the given negative events the target had experienced and then wrote down regulation strategies. Targets rated their own emotions before and after reading regulation strategies and evaluated the suitability of the strategies for them. The results showed that regulators with higher cognitive empathy were better at accurately perceiving targets' negative emotions, which, in turn, enhanced their regulation effectiveness. Similarly, regulators' behavioral empathy was positively related to regulation effectiveness through target-perceived strategy suitability. Additionally, close social distance enhanced the role of regulator's cognitive empathy in emotion perception accuracy and strengthened the impact of the regulator's behavioral empathy on regulation effectiveness. In contrast, closer social distance weakened the positive effect of regulator's behavioral empathy on target-perceived strategy suitability. These findings first highlight how and when different components of an adolescent regulator's trait empathy are linked to IER effectiveness, emphasizing the importance of adopting a dyadic design in the field of IER. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48417,"journal":{"name":"Emotion","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144676199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Emotional clarity and responses to peer victimization as predictors of youth aggression. 情绪清晰度和同伴伤害反应作为青少年攻击的预测因子。

IF 3.4 2区心理学

Emotion Pub Date : 2025-07-17 DOI: 10.1037/emo0001564

Erin E Wood, Karen D Rudolph

引用次数: 0

Do expressive suppression and cognitive reappraisal affect memory? 表达抑制和认知重评是否影响记忆？

IF 3.4 2区心理学

Emotion Pub Date : 2025-07-17 DOI: 10.1037/emo0001562

Katharine H Greenaway, Sylvia C Lin, Sarah T O'Brien, Paul M Garrett, Jessica Marris, Elise K Kalokerinos

{"title":"Do expressive suppression and cognitive reappraisal affect memory?","authors":"Katharine H Greenaway, Sylvia C Lin, Sarah T O'Brien, Paul M Garrett, Jessica Marris, Elise K Kalokerinos","doi":"10.1037/emo0001562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/emo0001562","url":null,"abstract":"A widely cited idea in the emotion regulation literature holds that expressive suppression impairs memory while cognitive reappraisal has no effect on or may enhance memory relative to control. However, empirical evidence for these effects has been inconsistent. To provide a definitive test, we conducted four well-powered experiments with more than 4,000 participants to examine the effects of reappraisal and suppression of negative emotion (Experiments 1 and 3) and positive emotion (Experiments 2 and 4) on verbal and nonverbal memory. Results showed no consistent evidence for an effect of reappraisal on either type of memory, though expressive suppression of negative emotion consistently impaired verbal memory relative to control. Obtained effect sizes were small given successful emotion regulation manipulations and adequate statistical power (ds < 0.11). Conclusions are constrained to English-speaking online samples, and may not generalize to other types of memory. These findings highlight the need to systematically test widely accepted assumptions as a field. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48417,"journal":{"name":"Emotion","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144650914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Affective schemas: Acquisition, updating, and inference. 情感图式：获取、更新和推断。

IF 3.4 2区心理学

Emotion Pub Date : 2025-07-14 DOI: 10.1037/emo0001561

Anna Vannucci, Wangjing Yu, Nathan Martin, Sapna Patel, Nim Tottenham

{"title":"Affective schemas: Acquisition, updating, and inference.","authors":"Anna Vannucci, Wangjing Yu, Nathan Martin, Sapna Patel, Nim Tottenham","doi":"10.1037/emo0001561","DOIUrl":"10.1037/emo0001561","url":null,"abstract":"Schematized knowledge structures have been extensively studied in the cognitive domain, and yet the nature of affective schemas remains an uncharted area, with experimental work virtually nonexistent. Here, we examined how affective schemas are acquired, updated, and used for inference-making using three novel experimental paradigms. We show that affective schemas emerge by abstracting a common affective value from a distribution of unique affective associations. This common abstracted affective value semanticizes from the discrete exemplars into complex, valenced schemas (negative, positive, neutral), which consolidates across a 24-hr period. Valenced schemas (negative/positive) form faster than neutral schemas, resist affective reversals more strongly, and facilitate rapid learning and memory for related emotional information. Negative-valenced schemas, in particular, are most prioritized for learning, show greater resilience to change, and are more effective in supporting generalized (gist-based) inferences. This work defines key features of affective schemas, moving the study of emotional learning and memory systems from the conditioning of specific associations to the abstraction and consolidation of complex emotional knowledge. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48417,"journal":{"name":"Emotion","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12262173/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144638455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Attending to body and mind: Does interoceptive attention compete with controlled and negative automatic thoughts? 关注身体和心灵：内感受性注意与控制和消极的自动思想竞争吗？

IF 3.4 2区心理学

Emotion Pub Date : 2025-07-10 DOI: 10.1037/emo0001560

Chris R H Brown, Aleksandra M Herman

{"title":"Attending to body and mind: Does interoceptive attention compete with controlled and negative automatic thoughts?","authors":"Chris R H Brown, Aleksandra M Herman","doi":"10.1037/emo0001560","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/emo0001560","url":null,"abstract":"Interoceptive attention refers to how an individual typically allocates their attentional resources to physiological signals. We do not, however, fully understand how interoceptive attention relates with other forms of internally focused attention, such as attention to internal thoughts (e.g., mind-wandering, reflection, worry), and whether these factors compete for limited attentional resources at the trait and state level. Across two studies (n = 222, n = 109; years data collected: 2021-2022, 2023-2024; from a U.K.-based predominantly undergraduate population), we isolated two components from several established trait-level measures of attention to thoughts, these reflected negative automatic thoughts (worry, rumination) and controlled thoughts (deliberate mind-wandering, reflection). In subsequent regression analyses, negative automatic thoughts, but not controlled thoughts, were a significant positive predictor of interoceptive attention, even when controlling for perceived interoceptive accuracy. This significant relationship was, however, accounted for by trait anxiety when included in the model. To test this pattern at the state-level, a novel monotonous responding task with three-dimensional attention probes was developed, which measures the reported allocation of attention between thoughts, bodily sensations, and the task. In contrast to trait-level attention, reported priority of attention to thoughts and body signals was inversely correlated, despite both increasing across the task. The results suggest that in a single moment attention to bodily signals and internal thoughts may compete; but over time, individuals who report focusing more on their internal thoughts also report more time attending to their body, with some evidence showing that this positive correlation could be due to underlying trait anxiety. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48417,"journal":{"name":"Emotion","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144609999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The ontogeny of children's group-based guilt and motivated reparative prosocial behaviors. 儿童群体内疚与动机性修复性亲社会行为的个体发生。

IF 3.4 2区心理学

Emotion Pub Date : 2025-07-10 DOI: 10.1037/emo0001557

Xia Zhang, Yanfang Li

{"title":"The ontogeny of children's group-based guilt and motivated reparative prosocial behaviors.","authors":"Xia Zhang, Yanfang Li","doi":"10.1037/emo0001557","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/emo0001557","url":null,"abstract":"Group-based guilt is known for its role in mitigating intergroup conflict and facilitating reconciliation. Although extensive research has explored this emotion among adults, its development and reparative functions during childhood remain unclear. The present study investigated the emergence and development of group-based guilt and its reparative prosocial behaviors among children (Han Chinese aged 4-11 years, N = 268, 135 girls) in response to transgressions committed by in-group members. The results indicated that children began to report group-based guilt soon after they reached 5 years old, with the intensity of this feeling increasing with age. Between the ages of 5 and 6 years, children developed a tendency to engage in verbal prosocial expressions (e.g., apologizing, comforting, and helping) to repair the harm caused by their in-group. However, it was not until nearly 8 years of age that they began sacrificing their possessions to compensate the victim. Both forms of reparative behavior were strengthened with age. Group-based guilt mediated the relationships between harm illegitimacy, in-group responsibility, and reparative behaviors. Overall, these findings suggest that harm illegitimacy and in-group responsibility serve as cognitive antecedents to group-based guilt, which emerges in preschool and transforms into more sophisticated intergroup reparative behaviors as children grow older. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48417,"journal":{"name":"Emotion","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144610000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Balancing emotional scales: Empathy and dehumanization in legal contexts. 平衡情感尺度：法律语境中的移情与非人化。

IF 3.4 2区心理学

Emotion Pub Date : 2025-07-03 DOI: 10.1037/emo0001559

Isabella Kahhale, Leor Hackel, Jamil Zaki

{"title":"Balancing emotional scales: Empathy and dehumanization in legal contexts.","authors":"Isabella Kahhale, Leor Hackel, Jamil Zaki","doi":"10.1037/emo0001559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/emo0001559","url":null,"abstract":"Does emotional information have a place in court, or does it bias legal decisions? We address this longstanding question using real-world national sentencing patterns and laboratory-based mock jury decisions. Archival analysis of 918,152 observations reveals that the introduction of Victim Impact Statements, in which victims express the effect of crimes on their lives, did not change sentencing outcomes for violent crimes (Study 1). We hypothesized this may occur if observers empathize with victims over defendants by default. In two experimental studies (including a preregistered replication; data collected 2018 and 2019), exposure to the facts of a crime produced empathy for victims but dehumanization of defendants, a pattern not altered by Victim Impact Statements. Upon exposure to both the defendant's perspective and the victim's perspective, people express empathy for the victim and defendant, humanize defendants, and support more lenient sentencing. Internal meta-analyses of Study 2 and 3 found that the pooled effect of the defendant's perspective was much stronger than that of the victim, despite a content analysis demonstrating no significant difference in the emotionality or tone of the two statements. Taken together, the large and real-world sample of Study 1, combined with the experimental manipulation of Studies 2 and 3, suggests that \"empathic defaults\" are part of legal decision making and that introducing-rather than ignoring-multiple perspectives may balance the emotional scales. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48417,"journal":{"name":"Emotion","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144561583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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