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Blessing or bane: The absence of a leader, political selection, and economic growth 福兮祸所伏：领袖缺位、政治选择与经济增长
IF 2.3 3区 经济学
Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106721
{"title":"Blessing or bane: The absence of a leader, political selection, and economic growth","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106721","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106721","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, we explore economic consequences of the absence of a political leader utilizing China's political system characterized by interlocked movements of personnel and a sophisticated procedure of selection and appointment before a local leader takes office. Using data during 2009–2018, we find that the absence of a leader weakens economic growth during the absence period, but local economic growth is stronger during the new leader's tenure. We propose two potential mechanisms, compensation effect and selection effect, and find evidence supporting the latter. These results imply that political selection process is worthwhile even if it harms the economy in the short run.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48409,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142172805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cultural norms and tax compliance: Evidence from China 文化规范与纳税遵从：来自中国的证据
IF 2.3 3区 经济学
Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106720
{"title":"Cultural norms and tax compliance: Evidence from China","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106720","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106720","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Existing studies suggest that formal institutions can effectively constrain corporate tax evasion and increase tax compliance, but little has been said about the role of informal institutions regarding tax compliance. This study empirically examines the long-term effect of Confucian cultural norms on corporate tax compliance using unique cultural and historical data from China. We find that the intergenerational transmission of the Confucian culture can significantly promote the tax compliance of modern firms, thereby effectively reducing tax evasion. Simultaneously, the compliance effect is more pronounced in informal firms, such as small-scale, non-listed, and local firms. In terms of mechanism analysis, the normative effect of the Confucian culture is a key mechanism for explaining variations in corporate tax compliance behaviors under different cultural norms. Overall, this study fills a gap in the research on how informal institutions regulate the behavior of firms to a certain extent, and at the same time supplements the existing literature on understanding the long-term effects of the Confucian culture.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48409,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142167938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Big news: Climate-disaster expectations and the business cycle 大新闻：气候灾害预期与商业周期
IF 2.3 3区 经济学
Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106719
{"title":"Big news: Climate-disaster expectations and the business cycle","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106719","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106719","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>News—anticipated changes of an economy’s fundamentals—drive the business cycle. Climate change is big news: it will impact the economy profoundly, but its full effect will take time to materialize. To better understand the transmission of news, this paper focuses on climate-change expectations. First, we measure the expected economic impact of climate change in a representative survey of U.S. consumers. We find, in particular, that costly natural disasters are salient of climate change. Second, we calibrate a New Keynesian model with rare disasters to the survey results and find that shifts in climate-change expectations operate like adverse demand shocks.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48409,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167268124003330/pdfft?md5=a0632b7beb6562c0419041e764b44119&pid=1-s2.0-S0167268124003330-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142163019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Grades as signals of comparative advantage: How letter grades affect major choices 作为比较优势信号的成绩：字母成绩如何影响专业选择
IF 2.3 3区 经济学
Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106717
{"title":"Grades as signals of comparative advantage: How letter grades affect major choices","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106717","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106717","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Can noisy signals about comparative advantage have long-term effects on major choices and later-life outcomes? We study the effects of grades in introductory courses on students’ choice of major and labor market outcomes. Students in our setting observe their letter grades but not the underlying scores (0-100). Using a regression-discontinuity design, we find that students just above a letter-grade cutoff in an introductory course are 3.6% more likely to major in the same field as that course. We find larger effects on students with noisier priors about their comparative advantage and in fields with higher income-GPA gradients. These results are consistent with a model where students with incomplete information learn about their comparative advantage in different fields through introductory course grades.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48409,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142163017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Reciprocity and the interaction between the unemployed and the caseworker 互惠以及失业者与个案工作者之间的互动
IF 2.3 3区 经济学
Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106706
{"title":"Reciprocity and the interaction between the unemployed and the caseworker","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106706","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106706","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We investigate how negatively reciprocal traits of unemployed individuals interact with “sticks” policies that impose constraints on individual job search effort, in the context of the German welfare system. For this we merge survey data of long-term unemployed individuals, containing indicators of reciprocity, to a unique set of register data on all unemployed coached by the same team of caseworkers and treatments they receive. We find that the combination of a higher negative reciprocity and a stricter regime has a negative interaction effect on search effort exerted by the unemployed. The results are stronger for males than for females. Stricter regimes may drive long-term unemployed males with certain types of social preferences further away from the labor market.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48409,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167268124003123/pdfft?md5=92f102b0db69522b5117d0bbc5f1d570&pid=1-s2.0-S0167268124003123-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142163018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
New evidence on the underrepresentation of Asian Americans in leadership positions 亚裔美国人担任领导职务人数不足的新证据
IF 2.3 3区 经济学
Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106679
{"title":"New evidence on the underrepresentation of Asian Americans in leadership positions","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106679","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106679","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>For decades, Asian Americans have been characterized as a “model minority” due to perceived success in educational attainment and labor market outcomes. However, there are concerns that Asians remain underrepresented in top-level positions in the workplace. This study presents new evidence on the extent of this underrepresentation between US-born Asian American and White men and examines mechanisms driving racial leadership gaps. Results indicate that Asian men are significantly less likely to work in management and executive positions compared to White men with similar qualifications. However, Asian men are not underrepresented in other high-paying, non-leadership occupations, suggesting this is a phenomenon unique to leadership occupations. Furthermore, these gaps are only present among East Asian and Southeast Asian men, while South Asian men do not differ from White men in their likelihood of working in leadership occupations. I examine several mechanisms and find no evidence that gaps are driven by racial differences in preferences for leadership positions, selection into self-employment, intergenerational transmission, immigration recency, ethnic attrition, spousal characteristics, or geographic sorting.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48409,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142163020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
To cut or not to cut: Deforestation policy under the shadow of foreign influence 砍还是不砍？外国影响阴影下的毁林政策
IF 2.3 3区 经济学
Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization Pub Date : 2024-09-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106712
{"title":"To cut or not to cut: Deforestation policy under the shadow of foreign influence","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106712","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106712","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This article explores the complex interplay between deforestation policies and foreign influence, using a game theoretical model to analyze geopolitical factors influencing forest conservation decisions in countries with significant rainforests. The model highlights the conflicting interests of foreign powers – one aiming for economic benefits from agriculture and the other advocating for forest preservation to protect environmental services. The paper demonstrates how domestic political dynamics and economic shocks from the international economic influence regulatory decisions on deforestation in the shadow of foreign influence. This understanding is crucial for formulating strategies that balance developmental needs and global environmental concerns.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48409,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167268124003263/pdfft?md5=36ed456db77dc7932288ac897a320b30&pid=1-s2.0-S0167268124003263-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142149303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Experimental measures of intra-household resource control 家庭内部资源控制的实验措施
IF 2.3 3区 经济学
Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization Pub Date : 2024-09-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106705
{"title":"Experimental measures of intra-household resource control","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106705","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106705","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We study experimental measures of preferences for intra-household resource control among 3387 couples in Ghana and Uganda. We implement two incentivized tasks: (1) a game that measures willingness to pay for resource control in the household, and (2) dictator games played privately and jointly by spouses. Across study sites we find that women exhibit a higher willingness to pay for resource control than their husbands and have less influence over joint dictator game decisions. Importantly, behavior in the two tasks is correlated, suggesting that they capture similar underlying latent variables. In Uganda, experimental measures from both tasks are also robustly correlated with a range of survey measures of women's access to resources, agency, and wellbeing. This is not the case in Ghana, suggesting that contextual factors may be important, and researchers may want to collect both measures in a project. Like other recent papers, we find that an important fraction of respondents display negative willingness to pay for intra-household resource control. Our analysis shows that such behavior is displayed by women who have higher levels of economic empowerment and wellbeing, a result that contradicts previous conjectures made in the literature. Altogether, our analysis suggests that, despite lacking ideal theoretical properties, private dictator game decisions (even when collected only from the wife) can perform well as proxies of empowerment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48409,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167268124003111/pdfft?md5=b762b87f7256c6f21a9a5de0361043d9&pid=1-s2.0-S0167268124003111-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142149302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Is the use of emergency care appropriate? Comparing native and migrant infants in the Italian NHS 使用急诊护理是否恰当？意大利国家医疗服务体系中本地婴儿与移民婴儿的比较
IF 2.3 3区 经济学
Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization Pub Date : 2024-09-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106710
{"title":"Is the use of emergency care appropriate? Comparing native and migrant infants in the Italian NHS","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106710","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106710","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We study the differences in utilization patterns of Emergency Room (ER) services by infants – babies between 0-1 years of age – comparing natives and migrants. We use administrative data relative to the Metropolitan area of Milan (Italy), involving more than 45,000 babies and covering the years 2015–2016. The main findings point to a higher propensity to use ER services by migrants, who are also associated with a higher risk of inappropriate admissions. This also holds after controlling for selection effects and excluding trauma episodes. When we explore the potential mechanisms driving these results, we find that linguistic and cultural distance between natives and migrants is a key factor in explaining the higher and inappropriate use of emergency care. Conversely, supply-side factors do not seem to play a relevant role. These findings suggest that integration policies aimed for instance at increasing the language proficiency of immigrants would help improve the appropriate use of emergency care.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48409,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016726812400324X/pdfft?md5=460f7d14e014bace3a5650244f91b9dc&pid=1-s2.0-S016726812400324X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142135886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A corruption dilemma 腐败困境
IF 2.3 3区 经济学
Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization Pub Date : 2024-09-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106693
{"title":"A corruption dilemma","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106693","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106693","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We experimentally investigate the effects of uncertain negative externalities on corruption engagement and social beliefs. We report two experiments in which corruption is modeled as a common-pool resource. In our first experiment, participants face a decision to bribe a public official for a service where accepted bribes impose probabilistic external costs on the briber and other participants. We find that the decision to bribe is positively associated with the belief that others will do the same. We also find that participants overestimate their ability to avoid external costs. Experiment 2 explores endogeneity and ambiguity in types using a contextualized version of the corruption dilemma. Consistent with experiment 1, choosing to offer a bribe is positively associated with the expectation of similar behavior. Curiously, we find little evidence that beliefs about one’s own type affect the decision to bribe.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48409,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142135885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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