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Impact of fundamentalism on human capital, women's social status and demographics: Evidence from Islamic state of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) in Iraq 原教旨主义对人力资本、妇女社会地位和人口统计的影响：伊拉克和叙利亚伊斯兰国（ISIS）在伊拉克的证据
IF 2.3 3区 经济学
Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization Pub Date : 2024-11-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106785
Seung-hun Chung
{"title":"Impact of fundamentalism on human capital, women's social status and demographics: Evidence from Islamic state of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) in Iraq","authors":"Seung-hun Chung","doi":"10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106785","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106785","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>I analyze the impact of the religious fundamentalists’ rule on regional human capital development and women's social status by exploiting the unexpected rise and fall of Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) in northwestern Iraq (2014∼2017). I find a large downward impact of exposure to ISIS rule on female human capital and an upward one on fertility rate for women who were school-aged at the time of ISIS occupation. These women express more patriarchal family norms and are more likely to belong to a polygamous union, implying a decline in women's social status. This decline in human capital and the rise of patriarchal family norms doesn't cause a significant negative impact on the development of their pre-school-aged children, possibly implying that these women didn't decrease parenting effort for their children. In summary, even a brief period of extremist rule has potentially large impacts on human capital development and culture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48409,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 106785"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142661800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Conflict, institutions, and economic behavior: Legacies of the Cambodian genocide 冲突、制度和经济行为：柬埔寨种族灭绝的遗产
IF 2.3 3区 经济学
Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization Pub Date : 2024-11-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106790
Katsuo Kogure , Yoshito Takasaki
{"title":"Conflict, institutions, and economic behavior: Legacies of the Cambodian genocide","authors":"Katsuo Kogure ,&nbsp;Yoshito Takasaki","doi":"10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106790","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106790","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper explores whether the Cambodian genocide under the Pol Pot regime (1975–1979) altered people’s post-conflict behaviors through institutional changes. We compare couples who had their first child during and right after the Pol Pot era. These two couples had distinct institutional experiences: The former were controlled as family organizations – state-owned spouses and children – and the latter were not. Combining spatial genocide data and the complete count Population Census microdata, we find adverse impacts of the genocide on parents’ subsequent investments in children’s education only for the former couples. We provide suggestive evidence that this can be because people were persistently susceptible to fear of violence depending on their experiences of the institutions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48409,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 106790"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142661797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Springing forward and falling back on health: The effects of daylight saving time on acute myocardial infarction 健康的春天来了又走了：夏令时对急性心肌梗死的影响
IF 2.3 3区 经济学
Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization Pub Date : 2024-11-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106791
Shinsuke Tanaka , Hideto Koizumi
{"title":"Springing forward and falling back on health: The effects of daylight saving time on acute myocardial infarction","authors":"Shinsuke Tanaka ,&nbsp;Hideto Koizumi","doi":"10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106791","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106791","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Daylight Saving Time (DST) is a common energy policy worldwide. We examine the effects of DST on the incidence of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) over three distinct time frames: short, medium, and long run. By exploiting the unique circumstances in Indiana, our findings highlight a substantial 27.2% increase in AMI admissions <em>at</em> the spring transition, which lasts for approximately two weeks, is not offset by counteractive reductions <em>during</em> the DST period, and occurs at each transition <em>over</em> the years studied, indicating little adaptation to time adjustments. Conversely, we find no similar effects at the autumn transitions. Together, these findings contribute to the ongoing policy debate by providing evidence of the short-term costs of time adjustments, without offering any discernible health benefits associated with the adoption of permanent DST.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48409,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 106791"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142578412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The role of housing market and credit on household consumption dynamics: Evidence from the OECD countries 住房市场和信贷对家庭消费动态的作用：经合组织国家的证据
IF 2.3 3区 经济学
Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization Pub Date : 2024-11-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106741
Karolis Bielskis , Povilas Lastauskas
{"title":"The role of housing market and credit on household consumption dynamics: Evidence from the OECD countries","authors":"Karolis Bielskis ,&nbsp;Povilas Lastauskas","doi":"10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106741","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106741","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We examine how fluctuations in the house price–rent spread, which reflect shifts in expectations about future house price growth, impact household consumption while considering the role of credit constraints. A rise in the spread, indicating higher expected future house prices relative to rents, boosts household consumption and eases credit constraints. By incorporating a housing spread shock into a model of household decision-making with borrowing frictions, we analyze data from 28 OECD countries over 50 years. Our findings demonstrate that shocks to the housing spread provide a sustained stimulus to household consumption by enhancing expected future wealth and reducing borrowing frictions. In contrast, credit shocks lead to immediate but short-lived ‘boom–bust’ cycles. The combined effects of housing spread and credit shocks reveal significant asymmetries, particularly during crises. These results highlight the need for policies that jointly address credit conditions and household expectations to effectively stabilize the economy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48409,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 106741"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142578413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Calibration and validation of macroeconomic simulation models by statistical causal search 通过统计因果搜索校准和验证宏观经济模拟模型
IF 2.3 3区 经济学
Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization Pub Date : 2024-11-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106786
Mario Martinoli, Alessio Moneta, Gianluca Pallante
{"title":"Calibration and validation of macroeconomic simulation models by statistical causal search","authors":"Mario Martinoli,&nbsp;Alessio Moneta,&nbsp;Gianluca Pallante","doi":"10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106786","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106786","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We introduce a general procedure for macroeconomic models’ calibration and validation. Configurations of parameters are selected on the basis of a loss function involving a distance between model-derived structural coefficients and their empirical counterparts. These, in both cases, are locally identified by exploiting non-Gaussianity in a structural vector autoregressive framework under a data-driven approach. We use model confidence set to account for the uncertainty in the selection procedure. We provide a measure of validation by comparing (model’s and empirical) shocks-variables structure. We apply our procedure to a complex macroeconomic simulation model that studies the link between climate change and economic growth.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48409,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 106786"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142573201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Revenue sharing agreements and hold-up problems in joint projects: Theory and experiments 联合项目中的收入分享协议和搁置问题：理论与实验
IF 2.3 3区 经济学
Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization Pub Date : 2024-11-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106774
Sookie Xue Zhang , Ralph-Christopher Bayer
{"title":"Revenue sharing agreements and hold-up problems in joint projects: Theory and experiments","authors":"Sookie Xue Zhang ,&nbsp;Ralph-Christopher Bayer","doi":"10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106774","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106774","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The lack of property rights in joint projects can cause hold-up problems, as expected fights over the proceeds make investing not worthwhile. We investigate theoretically and experimentally if the availability of different contractual sharing rules can solve the hold-up problem. As theory predicts, we find that the availability of first-best contracts that divide revenue proportional to investment shares yields high uptake, extensive investment and high efficiency. First-best sharing contracts are often not feasible. Simple equal-split contracts are a prominent but theoretically ineffective alternative. Contrary to theoretical predictions, making cheap equal-split contracts available is welfare increasing. Cooperative participants opt for the contract with the correct expectation that despite the lack of incentives significant investment will follow. This leads to welfare gains. The better than expected performance of equal-split contracts provides a rationale for their frequent use in the field.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48409,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 106774"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142573202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
What drives demand for loot boxes? An experimental study 是什么驱动了对 "战利品箱 "的需求？一项实验研究
IF 2.3 3区 经济学
Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization Pub Date : 2024-11-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106755
Simon Cordes , Markus Dertwinkel-Kalt , Tobias Werner
{"title":"What drives demand for loot boxes? An experimental study","authors":"Simon Cordes ,&nbsp;Markus Dertwinkel-Kalt ,&nbsp;Tobias Werner","doi":"10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106755","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106755","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The market for video games is booming, with in-game purchases accounting for a substantial share of developers’ revenues. Policymakers and the general public alike are concerned that so-called “loot boxes” – lotteries that offer random rewards to be used in-game – induce consumers to overspend on video games. We provide experimental evidence suggesting that common design features of loot boxes (such as opaque odds and positively selected feedback) indeed induce overspending by inflating the belief of winning a prize. In combination, these features <em>double</em> the average willingness-to-pay for lotteries. Based on our findings, we argue for the need to regulate the design of loot boxes to protect consumers from overspending.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48409,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 106755"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142573199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Ambiguity attitudes and surprises: Experimental evidence on communicating new information within a large population sample 模糊态度与惊喜：在大样本人群中传播新信息的实验证据
IF 2.3 3区 经济学
Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization Pub Date : 2024-11-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106778
Aljoscha Minnich , Hauke Roggenkamp , Andreas Lange
{"title":"Ambiguity attitudes and surprises: Experimental evidence on communicating new information within a large population sample","authors":"Aljoscha Minnich ,&nbsp;Hauke Roggenkamp ,&nbsp;Andreas Lange","doi":"10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106778","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106778","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper investigates ambiguity attitudes for natural events (temperatures) and how they are updated following new information. Using a general population sample, we first obtain baseline ambiguity attitudes for future weather events based on real temperatures over several past days. Second, we study the influence of different communication types on updating the ambiguity attitudes: participants are given either point estimators, interval estimators, or the combination of both as weather forecasts. We further vary whether the forecast is surprising or in line with the initially received information. In contrast to claims that ambiguity aversion may increase in response to surprising news, we find that ambiguity attitudes are rather robust to new information and variants of their communication. Yet, different variants of communicating new information significantly change the belief updating process and affect the matching probabilities given to specific events. Our sample allows us to analyze socio-demographic correlates of ambiguity attitudes and the updating of ambiguity attitudes to new information.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48409,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 106778"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142573203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Sharing the cake during a crisis: The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on intertemporal altruism and efficiency concerns 在危机中分享蛋糕：COVID-19 大流行病对时际利他主义和效率问题的影响
IF 2.3 3区 经济学
Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106763
Johannes Ross , Ann-Katrin Kienle , Andreas Nicklisch
{"title":"Sharing the cake during a crisis: The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on intertemporal altruism and efficiency concerns","authors":"Johannes Ross ,&nbsp;Ann-Katrin Kienle ,&nbsp;Andreas Nicklisch","doi":"10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106763","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106763","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines inter-temporal distribution decisions on private payments and donations during the coronavirus pandemic. We simultaneously measured individual efficiency concerns, altruism and time preferences in an online experiment conducted among US residents during different stages of the crisis. Participants were asked to distribute money between different dates and recipients, that is, today versus in two weeks and private payouts versus donations to fight against the pandemic. To assess participants’ affectedness by COVID-19, we collected data on participants’ employment status and financial situation, as well as their individual vulnerability to COVID-19. We identify a decrease in individual preferences for efficiency over the progress of the pandemic. The reduction of efficiency concerns is driven by self-reported financial affectedness, but accompanied by an increase in altruism. Our results point at the crucial role of financial security for both efficiency-seeking behaviour and the willingness to provide support during the crisis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48409,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 106763"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142573204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Information nudges and tax compliance: Evidence from a field experiment in China 信息提示与纳税遵从：来自中国实地实验的证据
IF 2.3 3区 经济学
Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106779
Wenhui Yang , Jing Zhao , Hao Zhou
{"title":"Information nudges and tax compliance: Evidence from a field experiment in China","authors":"Wenhui Yang ,&nbsp;Jing Zhao ,&nbsp;Hao Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106779","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106779","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tax administrations worldwide employ various policy tools to enhance tax compliance, but the effectiveness of nudges remains uncertain. To address this gap, we conducted a field experiment in China to evaluate the causal effects of deterrence and non-deterrence nudges on individual income tax compliance. Our findings indicate that all reminder messages significantly increase tax compliance compared to a no-message control group. Furthermore, when compared to a basic information control group, deterrence nudges – such as those highlighting credit penalties and overdue fines – significantly boost tax compliance, while non-deterrence nudges, such as appeals to tax morality or public services, have an insignificant impact. Deterrence nudges also show heterogeneous effects on tax compliance, being primarily short-term with diminishing influence over time. They are particularly effective in motivating males and individuals in market sectors to comply, but fail to improve compliance among firm owners and the super-rich.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48409,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 106779"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142573200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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