Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization最新文献

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Just saying sorry—The effect of apologies on reintegration after social exclusion 只是说对不起——道歉对社会排斥后重新融入社会的影响
IF 2.3 3区 经济学
Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization Pub Date : 2025-10-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2025.107246
Alexandra Baier , Tarek Jaber-Lopez
{"title":"Just saying sorry—The effect of apologies on reintegration after social exclusion","authors":"Alexandra Baier ,&nbsp;Tarek Jaber-Lopez","doi":"10.1016/j.jebo.2025.107246","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jebo.2025.107246","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Apologies are ubiquitous in life and across cultures and countries, and they are able to impact social relationships as well as material outcomes. One specific application refers to restorative justice and mediation programs. While empirical data is biased by unobservable influences, a controlled experiment provides additional evidence on the effect of apologies after exclusion. We present an experiment in which participants can steal from other group members and can be excluded for one period. We compare four treatments in which we give the option to apologize (or not) and where apologies can be tracked (or not). We find that apologizing significantly reduces theft and participants who apologize experience more re-integrative behavior from the rest of the group members than those who do not apologize. Additionally, we find that people do apologize even when their apologies cannot be tracked, suggesting that apologies are not purely used as a strategic device.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48409,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 107246"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145222659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Damaging conflict: All-pay auctions with negative spillovers and bimodal bidding 破坏性冲突:具有负溢出效应的全付费拍卖和双峰竞价
IF 2.3 3区 经济学
Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization Pub Date : 2025-10-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2025.107255
James W. Boudreau , Kristy Buzard , Timothy Mathews , Lucas Rentschler , Shane D. Sanders
{"title":"Damaging conflict: All-pay auctions with negative spillovers and bimodal bidding","authors":"James W. Boudreau ,&nbsp;Kristy Buzard ,&nbsp;Timothy Mathews ,&nbsp;Lucas Rentschler ,&nbsp;Shane D. Sanders","doi":"10.1016/j.jebo.2025.107255","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jebo.2025.107255","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We investigate how the presence of a negative externality in an all-pay auction influences bidding behavior in the laboratory. In the standard risk-neutral model, Nash equilibrium predicts no difference in strategies between treatments with and without the externality. Our experimental results provide some support for this prediction, as average bids do not differ significantly across treatments and generally align with equilibrium benchmarks. However, bidding distributions in both treatments exhibit a pronounced bimodal pattern that is consistent with previous all-pay auction experiments but inconsistent with risk-neutral Nash predictions. To account for these features, we evaluate two models of bounded rationality, incorporating prospect theory-inspired preferences: quantal response equilibrium (QRE) and a variant on noisy introspection that we call Belief-Perturbed Logit (BPL). While both models can rationalize bimodal bidding, QRE provides the superior fit while also predicting the location of bid peaks across treatments. These results reinforce the growing evidence that while subjects may not mix strategies exactly as prescribed by Nash equilibrium, their bidding behavior remains broadly equilibrium-consistent. Our findings also support the role of reference dependence and loss aversion in explaining bimodal bidding and strategic behavior more generally.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48409,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 107255"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145222657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The unequal effect of pandemics on aging and longevity: A health economic analysis 流行病对老龄化和寿命的不平等影响:卫生经济学分析
IF 2.3 3区 经济学
Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization Pub Date : 2025-10-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2025.107263
Holger Strulik , Volker Grossmann
{"title":"The unequal effect of pandemics on aging and longevity: A health economic analysis","authors":"Holger Strulik ,&nbsp;Volker Grossmann","doi":"10.1016/j.jebo.2025.107263","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jebo.2025.107263","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We propose a health economic model to examine the short- and long-term effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on individual aging and longevity, conditional on attitudes towards protection, initial health status, age at the onset of the pandemic, and individual misconceptions about the consequences of infections. Moreover, we explore the individual-specific effects of Long Covid on long-term health outcomes. Individuals invest in their health to slow down health deficit accumulation and take measures to protect themselves from infectious diseases. The model captures how the severity of Covid-19 infections depends on the frailty (pre-existing conditions) of infected individuals and how infections contribute to the accumulation of chronic health deficits and mortality risk from non-communicable diseases. We calibrate the model for an average American. In addition to understanding the unequal health effects of the Covid-19 pandemic, we also contribute to understanding health inequality in general.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48409,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 107263"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145222658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Heat impacts college student grades even in rich Singapore 即使在富裕的新加坡,高温也会影响大学生的成绩
IF 2.3 3区 经济学
Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2025.107244
Hongyan Li , Haoming Liu , Alberto Salvo , Rhita Simorangkir
{"title":"Heat impacts college student grades even in rich Singapore","authors":"Hongyan Li ,&nbsp;Haoming Liu ,&nbsp;Alberto Salvo ,&nbsp;Rhita Simorangkir","doi":"10.1016/j.jebo.2025.107244","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jebo.2025.107244","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rich city-state of Singapore has invested heavily to adapt to its current tropical climate. We access all student-level undergraduate course records between 2005 and 2019 at one of its leading universities and find that even here, fluctuations in heat impact human capital formation. An in-sample shift in de-seasoned weather from the coolest to the hottest semester reduces semester-long performance by 1.5%. Using quasi-random variation, we find evidence that access to dorm air conditioning alleviates some of the impact of ambient heat on student learning. Yet heat still hurts the performance of students with access to cooling at home. Our study, which is inclusive of routine human behavior, suggests either a practical limit to adaptation or that adaptation can go further. We find larger heat impacts among students from temperate nations pursuing their undergraduate studies at this Asian educational hub, pointing to some scope for acclimatization. Whether through physiology or behavior, male learners are more vulnerable to heat than females.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48409,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 107244"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145222677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Group identity and peer effects in rule-following 规则遵循中的群体认同和同伴效应
IF 2.3 3区 经济学
Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2025.107264
Cristina Bicchieri , Simon Gächter , Lucas Molleman , Daniele Nosenzo
{"title":"Group identity and peer effects in rule-following","authors":"Cristina Bicchieri ,&nbsp;Simon Gächter ,&nbsp;Lucas Molleman ,&nbsp;Daniele Nosenzo","doi":"10.1016/j.jebo.2025.107264","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jebo.2025.107264","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Social life is governed by a myriad of rules but the behavioral logic of why people follow rules is only incompletely understood. Here, we investigate how rule following is influenced by other people and social proximity to them. In particular, we are interested in the identity composition of an individual’s observed peer group: does it matter whether a rule breaker is an ingroup or an outgroup member? To investigate this question, we use a novel abstract rule-following task with strong incentives to break the rule. We call our rule-following task the “Y task” because the rule requested participants (<em>n</em>=7,033 Prolific workers) to take one of the two diverging paths of a Y-shaped maze. Consistent with previous research, we show that examples of rule violations trigger further rule violations, even though overall rule compliance remains high. Contrary to our hypotheses, and research on honesty and cooperation, we do not find that group identity moderates the influence of peer compliance on people’s willingness to follow rules. We conclude that rule breaking is contagious regardless of the ingroup or outgroup status of the rule breaker.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48409,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 107264"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145222656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The indirect environmental effects of taxing waste 对废物征税对环境的间接影响
IF 2.3 3区 经济学
Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2025.107247
Tommaso Colussi , Matteo Romagnoli , Elena Villar
{"title":"The indirect environmental effects of taxing waste","authors":"Tommaso Colussi ,&nbsp;Matteo Romagnoli ,&nbsp;Elena Villar","doi":"10.1016/j.jebo.2025.107247","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jebo.2025.107247","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper investigates the indirect effects of environmental policies that target waste production, i.e., pay-as-you-throw (PAYT) schemes. Using a newly constructed longitudinal dataset of Italian municipalities and a stacked difference-in-differences design, we find that PAYT adoption generates positive effects on pro-environmental behaviors not directly targeted by the policy (indirect effects), in addition to reducing unsorted waste production (direct effect). Survey evidence shows that PAYT increases the salience of environmental issues among treated residents, which in turn strengthens their pro-environmental attitudes. These findings suggest that narrowly targeted environmental policies can lead to broader behavioral changes by fostering environmental awareness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48409,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 107247"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145222676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The impact of economic adversity on adolescent self-esteem: Evidence from Ethiopia 经济逆境对青少年自尊的影响:来自埃塞俄比亚的证据
IF 2.3 3区 经济学
Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization Pub Date : 2025-09-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2025.107199
Salvatore Di Falco , Angela Doku
{"title":"The impact of economic adversity on adolescent self-esteem: Evidence from Ethiopia","authors":"Salvatore Di Falco ,&nbsp;Angela Doku","doi":"10.1016/j.jebo.2025.107199","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jebo.2025.107199","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper investigates the relationship between self-esteem and random negative economic shocks experienced during the formative stages of the life cycle. Combining individual data from parents and children within the same household, with rainfall variation during the growing season in Ethiopia, we find that negative shocks experienced during adolescence have a relevant negative and persistent effect on self-esteem. Moreover, we find some tentative evidence that these shocks may have an effect that spans generations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48409,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 107199"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145222660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Inequality’s ripple effect: Analyzing its influence on the natural interest rate and monetary policy in Germany, Japan, and the US 不平等的涟漪效应:分析其对德国、日本和美国自然利率和货币政策的影响
IF 2.3 3区 经济学
Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization Pub Date : 2025-09-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2025.107197
Mariam Camarero , Gilles Dufrénot , Cecilio Tamarit , Etienne Vaccaro-Grange
{"title":"Inequality’s ripple effect: Analyzing its influence on the natural interest rate and monetary policy in Germany, Japan, and the US","authors":"Mariam Camarero ,&nbsp;Gilles Dufrénot ,&nbsp;Cecilio Tamarit ,&nbsp;Etienne Vaccaro-Grange","doi":"10.1016/j.jebo.2025.107197","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jebo.2025.107197","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper analyzes how different forms of inequality have affected potential growth and the natural interest rate in the U.S., Germany, and Japan during the last two decades. Growing inequalities may constitute a drawback for the recovery of these economies after the Great Recession (GR) and the Covid-19 pandemic. To this aim, we modify the semi-structural model proposed by Holston, Laubach and Williams (2017) by considering the effects of several inequalities. We jointly estimate potential growth and the natural interest rates, showing that the latter can substantially modify the time path of the real interest rate, which prevails when economies are at full strength and inflation is stable. Finally, we study the effects of our estimates on the reaction functions of the monetary authorities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48409,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 107197"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145222675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Gender quotas and politicians’ education 性别配额和政治家的教育
IF 2.3 3区 经济学
Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization Pub Date : 2025-09-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2025.107260
Francesca Passarelli, David Boto-García
{"title":"Gender quotas and politicians’ education","authors":"Francesca Passarelli,&nbsp;David Boto-García","doi":"10.1016/j.jebo.2025.107260","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jebo.2025.107260","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>What are the effects of gender quotas on the educational attainment of municipality councils? While extensive research examines the political consequences of gender quotas, their impact on the educational qualifications of elected officials remains unclear. This paper provides novel evidence from Spain, analyzing 119,624 elected municipal councilors across the 2003, 2007, 2011, and 2015 elections. Using a difference-in-discontinuities research design, we compare outcomes before and after quota implementation in municipalities below and above the population threshold for quota enforcement. Our results show that, on average, gender quotas have no significant effect on the educational composition of elected male and female councilors. Thus, while quotas successfully increase female representation, they appear neutral regarding the overall education levels of elected politicians. However, further analyses reveal that quotas increase the average education level of elected politicians in municipalities with initially lower education levels, but decrease it in those with higher pre-quota education levels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48409,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 107260"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145160198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A one way ticket to gig? 一张去演出的单程票?
IF 2.3 3区 经济学
Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization Pub Date : 2025-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2025.107253
Kristina Sargent , Jessie (Jue) Wang
{"title":"A one way ticket to gig?","authors":"Kristina Sargent ,&nbsp;Jessie (Jue) Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jebo.2025.107253","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jebo.2025.107253","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We propose a search and matching model to explore the labor market implications of a growing gig economy. The economy has conventional and gig sectors, with workers searching in both. Some workers never consider gig employment, and others do under certain conditions. Workers are allowed to work in both sectors at the same time if they prefer. Workers match with gig positions with probability one, but gig workers face a wage penalty and matching frictions in the conventional sector. As a result, gig work serves as an alternative to unemployment, the gig sector absorbs labor market slack from the conventional sector, but the choice to engage in the gig economy comes at a cost to workers. By comparing the implications of the model under various levels of exposure to the gig economy, we explore the nature of the sector and the opportunities and consequences that come with it. The benchmark model provides insights into the rise of the gig economy, highlighting its impact on workers and the segmentation of the labor markets. While the presence of the gig sector opens up new job opportunities, potential welfare implications from the existence of the gig sector and its frictions are estimated to range from a benefit around 80% to a cost of around 20%, and directly impact up to two-thirds of the workforce relative to a standard search model with no gig sector. The costs mostly apply to workers with middle to lower productivity, and therefore have important distributional implications. Promoting a more inclusive gig economy can enable market systems to address labor market challenges while preserving their innovative and adaptive capabilities. As a case study, the gig economy highlights the balance between market efficiency and social equity, providing valuable perspectives on labor relations, creative destruction, and policy solutions grounded in market economics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48409,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 107253"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145128383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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