Cities最新文献

{"title":"Measuring the value of window views using real estate big data and computer vision: A case study in Wuhan, China","authors":"Chucai Peng ,&nbsp;Yang Xiang ,&nbsp;Wenjing Huang ,&nbsp;Yale Feng ,&nbsp;Yongqi Tang ,&nbsp;Filip Biljecki ,&nbsp;Zhixiang Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105536","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105536","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Window views significantly influence residential quality and real estate value, particularly in high-rise residential buildings. Previous studies have predominantly focused on water and green views, resulting in a lack of clarity regarding the influence of other types of views on house prices. In this study, we quantified and analyzed the impacts of 9 window view elements, including sky, high-rise buildings, low-rise buildings, trees, grass, water, hard ground, roads, and barren land, on housing prices using online real estate images and computer vision techniques. Focusing on high-rise buildings constructed in the past five years, our findings, based on spatial hedonic pricing models, reveal that an increased proportion of water views through windows has a significant positive effect on property prices. Conversely, the presence of grass and hard ground is associated with significant negative impacts. This study examines the influence of various window view elements on apartment prices, offering valuable insights for urban planning, architectural design, and property development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48405,"journal":{"name":"Cities","volume":"156 ","pages":"Article 105536"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142552225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Olympic regeneration vs. social (in)justice: Value capture as a referee","authors":"Gustavo Lopes dos Santos,&nbsp;Ana Morais de Sá,&nbsp;Beatriz Condessa","doi":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105520","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105520","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Olympics are powerful tools to catalyse development, many times through “starchitecture” or “Olympic urbanism” strategies regenerating degraded urban areas in prime city zones. However, that often brings adverse social effects, namely displacement and gentrification. Hosts have been pressured to mitigate such effects, but the strict Olympic Games financial model severely constrains hosts' opportunities. Moreover, resorting to private sector funding is a difficult task, except for the construction of accommodation facilities as, in the context of the Games, land and property values tend to be highly speculative. Implementing value capture mechanisms can prove valuable to mitigate the event's social impacts, but this solution is difficult to implement and reduces the Games' economic value. The application of value capture in the Games' context seems to be a gap in the literature and, thus, this research introduces such a concept to Olympic studies, highlighting how it can be particularly valuable given the unique characteristics of Olympic projects. Resorting to a literature review, the argument is built around three lines of thought evidencing the paradoxes of combining social responsibility with the mega-event strategy to draw a pathway for possible applications of value capture that account for such paradox when mitigating Games-related social injustices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48405,"journal":{"name":"Cities","volume":"156 ","pages":"Article 105520"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142552231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping urban villages based on point-of-interest data and a deep learning approach","authors":"Ting Li ,&nbsp;Quanlong Feng ,&nbsp;Bowen Niu ,&nbsp;Boan Chen ,&nbsp;Fengqin Yan ,&nbsp;Jianhua Gong ,&nbsp;Jiantao Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105549","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105549","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the process of urban development, spatial structure within cities undergoes great changes, where the rural areas are surrounded by newly urban blocks, leading to the widespread of urban villages. Thus, quick and accurate prediction of urban villages is crucial for urban planning, management and sustainability. Recently, point-of-interest (POI) data mining has emerged as a popular topic in urban research. This study aims to propose an urban village prediction model in complex urban landscape patterns by utilizing POI data as a single data source. We firstly calculated word embeddings of POI types as the semantic features of urban villages based on Word2Vec. Afterwards, a BiLSTM-Multiscale-Attention (BMA) model is proposed to predict urban or non-urban villages based on POI word embeddings. Experimental results in several major cities of China, including Beijing, Tianjin, Xi'an, Shijiazhuang, Wuhan, and Guangzhou indicates that the proposed model achieved an average overall accuracy of 84.06 %, outperforming several other data-driven methods. This study demonstrates that POI data can provide accurate spatial distribution information for urban villages. These findings provide new ideas and references for comprehensive understanding of urban villages at a fine scale.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48405,"journal":{"name":"Cities","volume":"156 ","pages":"Article 105549"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142538984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Smart governance for affordable housing in China: Preparation, practice, and paradoxes","authors":"Wanxia Zhao ,&nbsp;Yonghua Zou","doi":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105500","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105500","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Smart governance based on digital technologies offers new possibilities for enhancing governance efficacy. This article aims to explore how smart governance can be systematically applied in affordable housing. To this end, the article proposes an analytical framework that reveals the relationship among smart governance practices, pre-practice preparations, the balancing of paradoxes, and the good governance of affordable housing, then the case of Hangzhou is employed to illustrate this framework. This article argues that smart governance is not a patchwork of fragmented application scenarios but a coherent system. Smart governance for affordable housing needs to be prepared in terms of technology infrastructure and institutional innovation. During the preparation and practice phases, it is also need to balance a series of paradoxes to realize public values, which is the basis for achieving good governance for affordable housing. This article contributes to the theoretical understanding of the various components of smart governance and their intrinsic logical relationships, as well as provides an existing case of affordable housing smart governance for the reference of other cities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48405,"journal":{"name":"Cities","volume":"156 ","pages":"Article 105500"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142539060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The city between services: Territory as a learning environment in a neighborhood of Milan, Italy","authors":"Martina Bovo,&nbsp;Marta Cordini","doi":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105557","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105557","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite educational poverty being traditionally addressed within the social and educational domains, recent interdisciplinary research highlights the role of the territorial context in fostering social inclusion and counteracting educational poverty. This paper reflects on the city as a learning and educational context, assuming the framework of the Italian Integrated System. In 2017, the Italian Ministry of Education paved the way towards an integrated system in ECEC services, aiming at increasing equity and quality for the 0–6 population. Merging the 0–2 and the 3–5 cycles, traditionally split, would result in the so-called <em>Poli per l’ Infanzia</em>: systems of shared spaces, resources and services. The integration is not meant only vertically, between the cycles, but also horizontally, with services and actors inhabiting the same territory. The integration between the cycles and the surrounding territory is far from being implemented, and the contextual diversities that characterize Italy at different scales pose several challenges. This contribution disentangles the concept of ‘horizontal integration;’ it highlights the relevance of contextual features and the resources that can be mobilized locally, especially in urban areas. The work assumes a peripherical neighborhood of Milan, Italy, as a case study and adopts an ethnographic approach for the analysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48405,"journal":{"name":"Cities","volume":"156 ","pages":"Article 105557"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142533567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Capturing what statistics miss: Mapping unsafe places and victimization experiences in the City of Granada, Spain","authors":"Carmen Lizárraga ,&nbsp;Isabel Castillo-Pérez ,&nbsp;Alejandro L. Grindlay","doi":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105501","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105501","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research assesses safety perceptions and maps unsafe places and victimization experiences of both women and men university students in public spaces throughout Granada city, Spain. Survey data from 383 participants were analyzed, with 413 unsafe places mapped. Statistically, significant gender disparities were found, with women reporting greater insecurity, particularly at night, and experiencing higher frequencies of victimization, notably sexual violence. Spatially, the innovative Perceived Insecurity Points Score (PIPS) emphasizes findings by integrating environmental factors (EF), social factors (SF) and victimization experiences (V), offering a comprehensive assessment of how these factors overlap and influence individuals' experiences. Men identified significantly fewer unsafe locations than women, with only a third acknowledging their existence. Meanwhile, women reported a higher frequency of victimization incidents, particularly involving sexual harassment. The work captures what is often overlooked in official statistics: broader forms of unwanted behavior pose a significant threat to women, extending the shadow of the “hypothesis of sexual assault”.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48405,"journal":{"name":"Cities","volume":"156 ","pages":"Article 105501"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142533389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"City profile: Transformations and challenges of São Paulo's historic triangle","authors":"Sayed Abdul Basir Samimi ,&nbsp;Artur Rozestraten ,&nbsp;Beatriz Piccolotto Siqueira Bueno","doi":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105529","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105529","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Unlike other American megacities, São Paulo's financial and administrative center has shifted multiple times, specifically four times over the last century. These shifts have significantly affected the city's former centers. This study examines the transformation of São Paulo's original center, the Historic Triangle, where layers of urban development that rapidly overlaid in the 20th century led to the demolition of historic buildings and verticalization. The shift of centrality subsequently caused the decay of this historic center. Despite the decline in its financial and administrative importance, the Historic Triangle remained a valuable site for its architectural heritage, though its cultural landscape and imageability are at risk. The data for this study was gathered from site surveys, historical maps, and experts' opinions and was analyzed using GIS and SPSS. An original 3D video was produced to illustrate the transformation and rapid verticalization of the Historic Triangle. To address the complex architectural landscape, the existing buildings are categorized into three generations: 1^stG (oldest), 2^ndG (transitional), and 3^rdG (newest). We examined each category's façade details, building design, and urban integration and provided recommendations for conservation measures and policies to preserve the site's historical integrity and enhance its new role as a tourist heritage center.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48405,"journal":{"name":"Cities","volume":"156 ","pages":"Article 105529"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142533572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How does geographical environment affect residents' perception of social justice: An empirical study from low-income communities in Beijing","authors":"Lei Kang ,&nbsp;Caicai Liu ,&nbsp;Xuankai Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105531","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105531","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the transition to a market-oriented economic system and the transformation of social structure, urban society has undergone significant spatial differentiation, leading to a deepening divide between the rich and the poor. This has caused issues like social exclusion and spatial isolation to become increasingly prominent, which in turn, limit the harmonious and orderly development of cities. As Beijing's goal to become a “world-class harmonious and livable city” accelerates, there has been a growing focus on ensuring social justice satisfaction for residents in low-income communities. This focus has translated into more attention being paid to spatial equity in residents' living environments. Employing a mixed-methods approach with multi-level regressions to understand the nuanced interplay between urban geography and social equity, where depend variable was subjective questionary from low-income communities in Beijing (2017), the independent variables were geographical factors. Using research data from typical low-income communities in Beijing (2017), our study integrated theories from geography and sociology to examine the spatial equity of the living environment. We then empirically analyzed the impact of geographical environment and objective conditions on residents' perception of social equity in low-income communities. Our findings indicate that there are significant differences in the level of social justice perception among residents across different types of communities. The upscale community with better community environment is not consistent with the evaluation of higher perceived justice. Furthermore, service facilities, employment accessibility, and built environment all influence individual satisfaction with social justice to varying degrees. There is also a moderating effect of living environment satisfaction on social justice perception in low-income communities, with residents' socioeconomic attributes influencing their level of social justice satisfaction. This research contributes to the broader understanding of spatial equity in urban development, highlighting the pivotal role of geographical factors in shaping perceptions of social justice. These insights are crucial for policymakers and urban planners striving for more equitable urban development in rapidly growing cities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48405,"journal":{"name":"Cities","volume":"156 ","pages":"Article 105531"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142533467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deciphering house prices by integrating street perceptions with a machine-learning algorithm: A case study of Xi'an, China","authors":"Lin Luo ,&nbsp;Xiping Yang ,&nbsp;Junyi Li ,&nbsp;Yongyong Song ,&nbsp;Zhiyuan Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105542","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105542","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A comprehensive understanding of house prices and their factors provide insights into the demand for housing while helping policymakers implement measures to manage the housing market. Traditional studies either focus more on linear relationships and ignore complex, non-linear influences or consider neighborhood amenities but lose sight of the streetscape. This study aims to enrich the literature by integrating street-perception characteristics with an interpretable machine-learning technique for modeling house prices. Specifically, street-view images were semantically segmented to quantify street-perception characteristics from five perspectives: greenness, openness, enclosure, walkability, and imageability. By combining the determinants of community attributes and living convenience, 17 explanatory variables were fed into a gradient-boosting decision tree (GBDT) model to estimate housing prices. The results reveal that the model significantly outperforms the linear model (R² increased by 47.87 %). Additionally, an improvement of 26.15 % (R²) was observed when street-perception characteristics were incorporated. Moreover, complicated non-linear relationships and interaction effects are discussed by visualizing partial dependence plots (PDPs). These findings offer nuanced guidance for improving the neighborhood environment to promote urban equity and develop a sustainable housing market.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48405,"journal":{"name":"Cities","volume":"156 ","pages":"Article 105542"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142533392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The attraction gradient of urban functions: How does functional mix at multiple scales predict urban vitality","authors":"Jishan Duan ,&nbsp;Hui Wang ,&nbsp;Lun Liu ,&nbsp;Jie Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105516","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105516","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>What determines urban vitality has been a key research topic for urban planning and management since Jane Jacobs. Recently, statistical examinations of the relationship between the urban environment and vitality have become possible, facilitated by the availability of human positioning big data and fine-grained built environment data. However, existing studies tend to oversimplify the spatial impact of urban environmental factors, focusing solely on immediate surroundings. Due to people's trip chaining and exploration behavior, a place's functions can have a “spill-over” effect across the urban space. This study, therefore, aims to investigate such “attraction gradient” of urban functions to better understand the spatial relationship between urban vitality and its influencing factors. The study uses mobile phone and point-of-interest data from Beijing and Chengdu, China, to model the relationship between a place's vitality and urban functions in different distance bands. We find that, when counting from a place, urban functions within five kilometers significantly predict urban vitality, whereas beyond five kilometers, their contribution is marginal. Daytime and nighttime attraction gradients also differ. This study offers insights into the spatial relationship between urban function and vitality, enhancing our understanding and modelling of urban vitality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48405,"journal":{"name":"Cities","volume":"156 ","pages":"Article 105516"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142533465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}