IF 6 1区经济学

Cities Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2024.105456

Hongxuan Zhang , Yu Qi , Yankun Xu , Zibei Tao , Shuai Shao , Jingyi Zhuang , Yuhan Zhang

{"title":"The public cost of extreme climate: Empirical evidence from China's Urban Investment bonds","authors":"Hongxuan Zhang , Yu Qi , Yankun Xu , Zibei Tao , Shuai Shao , Jingyi Zhuang , Yuhan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105456","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105456","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Extreme temperature can worsen the sustainability of government finance, and is a public cost that needs to be identified. In this paper, we estimate the impact of high temperatures on spreads of Urban Investment Bond (UIB) by dividing daily mean temperatures obtained from weather stations into ten temperature bins and calculating the number of days in a year that fall into different temperature bins and matching them with China's bond-level data of UIBs. We find that an increase in extreme temperatures results in a significant rise in the yield spreads of UIBs. This is because extreme temperatures weaken the guarantee capacity of local governments as well as increase their demand for financing through UIBs. A series of robustness verify the robustness of the results. In further analysis, we explore the effect of investors' attention, mitigation and adaptation measures, heterogeneity and predicts the long-term impacts of temperature change. This paper enriches the literature on the impacts of climate change on the public sector, on the pricing of municipal bonds, on the impacts of climate change on developing countries, and provides credible policy implications for bond management and fiscal sustainability of local governments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48405,"journal":{"name":"Cities","volume":"155 ","pages":"Article 105456"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142433859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

IF 6 1区经济学

Cities Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2024.105503

Farideh Baroghi , Paulo J.G. Ribeiro

{"title":"Olympics-related urban interventions in Barcelona and in Rio de Janeiro: A look at territorial equality legacies","authors":"Farideh Baroghi , Paulo J.G. Ribeiro","doi":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105503","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105503","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In a time of increasing global competition for sport mega events (SME), evaluating urban legacies becomes crucial, particularly as successes increasingly favor less developed countries. Barcelona stands as one of the best example among host cities, with its legacy remaining a contentious subject. This paper evaluates Olympic-related urban interventions and territorial equality legacies, drawing a comparison between the development models of Barcelona (1992) and Rio de Janeiro (2016). Utilizing five key criteria–Olympic site selection, city public transportation improvement, eviction problems, environmental commitments, and sport mega-event costs–the paper examines Rio's alignment with the successful Barcelona model. Despite procedural similarities, Rio's outcomes raise doubts, particularly regarding territorial equality. The evaluation shows Rio's shortcomings in all five criteria, highlighting the need for a detailed understanding of urban legacies in SMEs. While Rio may have followed Barcelona in form, the paper emphasizes content distinctions, prompting considerations for future urban planning in host cities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48405,"journal":{"name":"Cities","volume":"155 ","pages":"Article 105503"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142438405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Spatial peace 空间和平

IF 6 1区经济学

Cities Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2024.105477

Preston Lindsay

{"title":"Spatial peace","authors":"Preston Lindsay","doi":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105477","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105477","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding the influence of the world around us on our behaviors and cognitions is a vital step in understanding people's individual and collective experiences with positive peace (Lindgaard, 2017; Lindsay et al., 2022). This paper begins as one of the first forays into weaving the theories and praxis in Urban Development and Design with the theories and praxis of Peace and Conflict Studies (PACS). As such, this paper is written for scholars and practitioners of both fields. The topics of this paper have been drawn from the research of the author on another project where he tested the saliency of one of the indicators of the peace poles, connectivity, and conducted interviews with social purpose organizations conducting their own research and community development in the geographical research area. The first section of this paper begins by outlining the foundational history, theory and principles of the evolution of space, place, and why they matter in cities. The next section grounds the understanding of spatiality and its implications on positive peace within the frameworks of urban planning and eco-urbanity. The following section provides possible pathways forward and next steps utilizing tools in urban development, civil society, and within the PACS fields. This is done to assist communities in ways aligned with the ethical humanistic foundations within urban development and PACS, including the tools and practices of placemaking, deep maps, and the spatial peace pole's quantified spatial peace assessment (Lindsay et al., 2022). The last section concludes with a summarization of these concepts and practices with their implications on Peace and Conflict Studies and the wider communities engaged in urban and economic development, as well as conflict resolution and political analysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48405,"journal":{"name":"Cities","volume":"155 ","pages":"Article 105477"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142442249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Response to shrinking cities: Cultural urban regeneration 应对城市萎缩：城市文化复兴

IF 6 1区经济学

Cities Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2024.105447

Jiwoon Oh , Mengying Li , Juchul Jung

{"title":"Response to shrinking cities: Cultural urban regeneration","authors":"Jiwoon Oh , Mengying Li , Juchul Jung","doi":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105447","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105447","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aims to delve into the effectiveness of cultural urban regeneration projects in mitigating the challenges associated with Shrinking Cities. Busan City, South Korea's second most populous metropolitan area, has encountered a recent population decline, driven by factors like an aging demographic, youth outmigration, and plummeting birth rates. These trends have exacerbated the phenomenon of urban emptiness, particularly in the old downtown area of Busan. To counteract this trend, an urban regeneration initiative was launched near Busan Station, strategically positioned at the heart of the old downtown. The primary objective of this project was to reimagine Busan Station as more than just a public service facility but as a bustling center for commerce, culture, and information exchange. Against this background, this study sets out to evaluate the impact of the urban regeneration project at Busan Station through the lens of DID analysis. The empirical findings validate the research hypotheses, suggesting that cultural urban regeneration positively influences both the vibrancy of the local community and the revitalization of commercial districts. Since the inception of the urban regeneration efforts, there has been a discernible uptick in the vitality of the local community. While the DID coefficient for the number of businesses did not yield statistically significant results, the Parallel-trend test uncovered significant differences after the establishment of the creative knowledge platform in 2019. This underscores the potential role of physical infrastructure development and external factors like tourism in shaping the surrounding commercial landscape.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48405,"journal":{"name":"Cities","volume":"155 ","pages":"Article 105447"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142438404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Leveraging Local Digital Twins for planning age-friendly urban environments 利用本地数字双胞胎规划老年友好型城市环境

IF 6 1区经济学

Cities Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2024.105458

Asel Villanueva-Merino , Silvia Urra-Uriarte , Jose Luis Izkara , Sergio Campos-Cordobes , Andoni Aranguren , Patricia Molina-Costa

{"title":"Leveraging Local Digital Twins for planning age-friendly urban environments","authors":"Asel Villanueva-Merino , Silvia Urra-Uriarte , Jose Luis Izkara , Sergio Campos-Cordobes , Andoni Aranguren , Patricia Molina-Costa","doi":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105458","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105458","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In an era of rapid urbanisation and an ageing population, innovative urban planning paradigms and tools are essential for creating inclusive, safe, resilient, and sustainable cities. Moreover, in the digital age, untapped potential exists for using disruptive technologies in urban planning to enhance evidence-based decision-making.</div><div>This study explored the promotion of age-friendly environments through the transformative potential of Local Digital Twins (LDTs) by integrating geographic information system (GIS) data, data analytics, and artificial intelligence. Tested in the European Commission-funded URBANAGE project, this study presents a digital twin-based Long-Term Urban Planner tool with simulation capabilities that allow for a comprehensive analysis and modelling of the effects of urban interventions. Two use cases are showcased: one suggesting public space intervention and the other tackling future demographic trends.</div><div>The main contribution of this study is the definition and development of an LDT using a modular-component-based approach that facilitates reuse and adaptation. Unlike isolated approaches, it provides a holistic solution that integrates social and technological domains. This study advances the understanding of the use of LDTs to create inclusive neighbourhoods by assessing neighbourhood age-friendliness and proposing informed urban interventions while underscoring the importance of robust data governance and capacity building among civil servants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48405,"journal":{"name":"Cities","volume":"155 ","pages":"Article 105458"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142433860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Experiences in promoting the development of suburban edible landscapes through place branding: A case study from Xiamen City, China 通过地方品牌促进郊区可食用景观发展的经验：中国厦门市的案例研究

IF 6 1区经济学

Cities Pub Date : 2024-10-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2024.105470

Zhi-Wei Zheng , Rung-Jiun Chou

{"title":"Experiences in promoting the development of suburban edible landscapes through place branding: A case study from Xiamen City, China","authors":"Zhi-Wei Zheng , Rung-Jiun Chou","doi":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105470","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105470","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Edible landscapes are emerging as a sustainable landscape concept, but face many challenges in the development process. This paper explores how suburban communities can promote the development of edible landscapes through place branding, using the example of the community of Mian-Qian-Pu in Xiamen City, China. Through in-depth interviews, fieldwork and non-participant observation, the study findings revealed that: 1. The development of edible landscapes was promoted through the identification of unique resources and their transformation into a brand, the synergistic collaboration of brand stakeholders, and the marketing tools of modern information technology. 2. A rich variety of activities, diversified promotional tools, as well as digital technology and online marketing built the community's edible landscape brand. 3. The community effectively promoted edible landscapes through place-branding strategies, which have had a significant impact on the community, such as the increase of community social capital, the transformation of economic structure, the development of industrial integration, and the enhancement of people's environmental awareness. This study demonstrates that the dilemmas and challenges in edible landscape development could be mitigated through place branding, which can provide references for governments, communities, and edible landscape facilitators.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48405,"journal":{"name":"Cities","volume":"155 ","pages":"Article 105470"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142433768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessing spatial and racial equity of subway accessibility: Case study of New York City 评估地铁可达性的空间和种族公平性：纽约市案例研究

IF 6 1区经济学

Cities Pub Date : 2024-10-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2024.105489

Amirhossein Baghestani , Mohyeddin Nikbakht , Yana Kucheva , Ali Afshar

{"title":"Assessing spatial and racial equity of subway accessibility: Case study of New York City","authors":"Amirhossein Baghestani , Mohyeddin Nikbakht , Yana Kucheva , Ali Afshar","doi":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105489","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105489","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Enhancing the utility of public transportation through easy and equitable access has become one of the focal points in the pursuit of social justice goals. This study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of equitable access to the subway system in New York City (NYC) based on geography and race/ethnicity, shedding light on the complex relationship between transportation equity, racial diversity, and urban dynamics. New York City is selected as the case study due to its diverse demographic makeup, extensive public transportation system, and paucity of previous research on the racial justice dimensions of its subway system. Gravity index is employed to investigate the accessibility of the NYC subway system in terms of distance from stops and the frequency of service while equity is analyzed by Gini coefficients and Lorenz curves. To conduct this analysis, American Community Survey (ACS) data and The General Transit Feed Specifications (GTFS) are used. The findings reveal that accessibility to the subway system varies across New York City's outer boroughs, with Queens, the largest borough by area, notably standing out due to its limited availability of subway stations. Moreover, the study uncovers stark racial disparities in accessibility within boroughs, with the non-Hispanic Black community in Queens (which represents 17 % of the borough's population) facing a pronounced lack of easy access to subway stations. These insights underscore the urgent need for targeted interventions and policy reforms to address the identified disparities. Policymakers and transportation planners should prioritize initiatives such as increasing subway infrastructure in underserved areas, improving the frequency of service, and enhancing connectivity to reduce racial and spatial inequities in subway accessibility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48405,"journal":{"name":"Cities","volume":"155 ","pages":"Article 105489"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142433854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Revisiting subsidiarity: Not only administrative decentralization but also multidimensional polycentrism 重新审视辅助性：不仅是行政权力下放，还有多层面的多中心主义

IF 6 1区经济学

Cities Pub Date : 2024-10-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2024.105463

Stefano Moroni

{"title":"Revisiting subsidiarity: Not only administrative decentralization but also multidimensional polycentrism","authors":"Stefano Moroni","doi":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105463","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105463","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The discussion on “territorial governance” has gained traction in the last decade. The issue of territorial governance is particularly important because it invites us to revisit certain traditional ideas concerning institutions, their tasks, and the scale and level of intervention. In this regard, a crucial concept is that of “subsidiarity”. The concept of “subsidiarity” is widely used both in the academic literature and in the public debate, as well as in laws and directives. This article critically revisits the ideal of subsidiarity. As will be demonstrated, the ideal of subsidiarity can prove decisive for new forms of territorial governance. However, this will only happen if subsidiarity is understood in a truly innovative sense; that is, placing the emphasis (i) (not solely on vertical subsidiarity but, also) on horizontal subsidiarity, and not interpreting the latter (ii) only from a perspective of solidarity, or (iii) only as a services issue, or (iv) only as a form of action agreed and coordinated with public authorities. The point is that, while promoting vertical subsidiarity merely requires “administrative decentralization”, promoting horizontal subsidiarity requires a more radical revision of current national, regional and urban realities in a direction characterised by what can be called “multidimensional polycentrism”.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48405,"journal":{"name":"Cities","volume":"155 ","pages":"Article 105463"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142433858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The role of digital infrastructure construction on green city transformation: Does government governance matters? 数字基础设施建设对绿色城市转型的作用：政府治理重要吗？

IF 6 1区经济学

Cities Pub Date : 2024-10-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2024.105462

Bingtao Qin , Yongwei Yu , Liming Ge , Yiting Liu , Yi Zheng , Zixuan Liu

{"title":"The role of digital infrastructure construction on green city transformation: Does government governance matters?","authors":"Bingtao Qin , Yongwei Yu , Liming Ge , Yiting Liu , Yi Zheng , Zixuan Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105462","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105462","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The dividends brought by national strategic construction such as digital infrastructure inject vitality into the green transformation of urban economy. This study empirically examines the impact of digital infrastructure on urban green transformation using panel data from 279 prefecture-level and above cities in China spanning 2006 to 2022, employing a multiple time point difference-in-differences approach. Results indicate a significant positive effect of digital infrastructure construction on urban economic green transformation. Digital infrastructure primarily promotes green transformation through pollution reduction, technology agglomeration, and structural optimization effects, with technological innovation and the integration of manufacturing and service industries being stable mechanisms. Environmental regulations, government strategic guidance, and institutional environments reinforce this effect. The promotion effect is more pronounced in the central region and exhibits a pro-poor characteristic, benefiting smaller, non-resource-based cities, and areas with higher information and communication technology application levels. In expansive analysis, the spillover effect of the “Broadband China” pilot policy may strengthen over time.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48405,"journal":{"name":"Cities","volume":"155 ","pages":"Article 105462"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142433857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Varying influences of the built environment on household travel in the United States – An update with 36 diverse regions and machine learning 建筑环境对美国家庭旅行的不同影响--36 个不同地区和机器学习的最新情况

IF 6 1区经济学

Cities Pub Date : 2024-10-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2024.105490

Guang Tian , Bob Danton , Reid Ewing , Bin Li

引用次数: 0

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