{"title":"Factors Affecting the Extent and Quality of Nature Engagement of Older Adults Living in a Range of Home Types","authors":"Y. van Heezik, C. Freeman, Y. Buttery, D. Waters","doi":"10.1177/0013916518821148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916518821148","url":null,"abstract":"Nature interaction is seen as a potentially inexpensive intervention to address many health issues. Aging is associated with declining health and mobility. Older people are known to benefit from nature contact; however, less is known about how aging limits access to nature. We investigated older adults occupying family, downsized, and rest homes to determine factors driving changes in nature engagement, and the quality of available nature. Less time was spent in natural places as people aged, depending on the extent of nature connectedness, frailty status, home type, and whether they lived alone or not. Most reported reduced nature engagement and expressed feelings of sadness, frustration, and anger. Gardens assumed an important role in enabling nature contact to continue, in that time spent in gardens was unrelated to age or frailty. Garden variability meant the quality of the nature experience was likely lower for those living in downsized and rest homes.","PeriodicalId":48374,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Behavior","volume":"52 1","pages":"799 - 829"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0013916518821148","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43832593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"(Dis)orientation and Design Preferences Within an Unfamiliar Care Environment: A Content Analysis of Older Adults’ Qualitative Reports After Route Learning","authors":"Mary O’Malley, A. Innes, J. Wiener","doi":"10.1177/0013916520953148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916520953148","url":null,"abstract":"Ensuring that environments are designed to cater for those with decreasing orientation, perceptual and mobility skills, is an example of how environments are being changed to become more age and dementia friendly. However, environmental design should directly involve potential users of the environment to ensure that their views are accounted for. Four open-ended questions, focusing on orientation strategies, reasons for disorientation, and design preferences, were given to 32 older adults after they had completed a route learning task through an unfamiliar environment. A Content Analysis found a strong focus on participants’ ability to memorize routes based on verbally encoding the route and on their ability to remember landmarks, with the reports linking closely to cognitive theories of navigation. Design suggestions included the importance of a homely and welcoming environment, memorable features, and access to the outdoors. The findings can be used inform age and dementia friendly design principles.","PeriodicalId":48374,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Behavior","volume":"54 1","pages":"116 - 142"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2020-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0013916520953148","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48979590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. O’Rourke, D. Nash, M. Haynes, Meredith Burgess, P. Memmott
{"title":"Cross-cultural Design and Healthcare Waiting Rooms for Indigenous People in Regional Australia","authors":"T. O’Rourke, D. Nash, M. Haynes, Meredith Burgess, P. Memmott","doi":"10.1177/0013916520952443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916520952443","url":null,"abstract":"The theory of supportive design influences healthcare facility design but is under-researched for different cultural groups. This mixed-methods study compared two Indigenous sample populations in Australia to examine the effect of the physical environment in public hospitals and clinics on Indigenous people’s perceptions and experiences of waiting for care. Quantitative survey data (n = 602) measured perceptions of relevant design attributes using paired images in a screen-based survey. Semi-structured interviews (n = 55) identified concerns about the physical healthcare environment including waiting rooms. Ceiling heights, seating arrangements and views to the outside were significant showing commonalities between perceptions of the two populations. The interviews revealed that cultural and social constructs, including privacy, fear, shame, and racism, were significant and that people’s perceptions were influenced by colonization and independent of location. Our study highlights the importance of a cross-cultural approach to supportive design interventions for spatial and symbolic treatments of waiting areas.","PeriodicalId":48374,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Behavior","volume":"54 1","pages":"89 - 115"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2020-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0013916520952443","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48814211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jessica Massonnié, Philippe Frasseto, Denis Mareschal, Natasha Z. Kirkham
{"title":"Learning in Noisy Classrooms: Children’s Reports of Annoyance and Distraction from Noise are Associated with Individual Differences in Mind-Wandering and Switching skills","authors":"Jessica Massonnié, Philippe Frasseto, Denis Mareschal, Natasha Z. Kirkham","doi":"10.1177/0013916520950277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916520950277","url":null,"abstract":"Classrooms are noisy, yet little is known about pupils’ subjective reactions to noise. We surveyed 112 children between 8.70 and 11.38 years of age and extracted five dimensions in their reactions ...","PeriodicalId":48374,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Behavior","volume":"33 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138506935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Behavioral Response to Increased Pedestrian and Staying Activity in Public Space: A Field Experiment","authors":"Oscar Zapata, J. Honey-Rosés","doi":"10.1177/0013916520953147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916520953147","url":null,"abstract":"William Whyte originally hypothesized that the presence of people in a public space would attract more people. Contemporary planners now refer to “sticky streets” as places where pedestrians are compelled to linger and enjoy vibrant public life. We test the hypothesis that adding users to a public space will attract more people using an experimental design with confederates to add pedestrian movement and staying activity in a residential street for 45 randomly selected hours. We observed staying behavior by gender with and without our intervention. We find that the addition of public users reduced the total number of people staying in our study area, especially among women. We find that women’s right to the city may be constrained by the mere presence of other individuals, even in safe spaces and during daylight hours. Our findings suggest that Whyte’s claim is not universal, but depends on the conditions of a particular site.","PeriodicalId":48374,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Behavior","volume":" 12","pages":"36 - 57"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2020-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0013916520953147","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41252193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Žukauskienė, I. Truskauskaitė-Kunevičienė, Vaida Gabė, Goda Kaniušonytė
{"title":"“My Words Matter”: The Role of Adolescents in Changing Pro-environmental Habits in the Family","authors":"R. Žukauskienė, I. Truskauskaitė-Kunevičienė, Vaida Gabė, Goda Kaniušonytė","doi":"10.1177/0013916520953150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916520953150","url":null,"abstract":"A substantial body of research provides evidence for the role of parents in transferring pro-environmental attitudes, values, and behaviors to their children. However, little research has focused on children’s active attempts to influence parents’ pro-environmental behavior. In a survey involving 508 Lithuanian families, we examined the bidirectional influences of parents’ and adolescents’ information-induced proenvironmental intentions and behavior. Three plastic waste-related consumption behaviors were studied: purchasing bottled water, using reusable shopping bags, and recycling non-refundable plastic. Results show that both adolescents and their parents influence each other’s proenvironmental intentions and behaviors, suggesting that not only parents but also adolescents, may be important agents of positive changes in families and society.","PeriodicalId":48374,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Behavior","volume":"53 1","pages":"1140 - 1162"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2020-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0013916520953150","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45707311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Travis N. Ray, S. Franz, Nicole L. Jarrett, Scott M. Pickett
{"title":"Nature Enhanced Meditation: Effects on Mindfulness, Connectedness to Nature, and Pro-Environmental Behavior","authors":"Travis N. Ray, S. Franz, Nicole L. Jarrett, Scott M. Pickett","doi":"10.1177/0013916520952452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916520952452","url":null,"abstract":"Previous research suggests that meditation, a mindfulness exercise, could result in increased connectedness to nature and pro-environmental behavior. Exposure to nature also is associated with these outcomes. It was hypothesized that meditation alongside stimuli reminiscent of the natural environment would produce enhanced effects. Participants (N = 97) were randomly assigned to complete a 4-week online meditation program consisting of a guided meditation paired with either nature sounds (“nature group”) or spa-like sounds (“control group”). Mindfulness, connectedness to nature, and pro-environmental behavior were assessed before and after the program. Meditation, in general, produced increases in mindfulness, connectedness to nature, and pro-environmental behavior. Additionally, the nature group had a greater rate of change in connectedness to nature when compared to the control group. The results extend previous cross-sectional research by demonstrating the beneficial effects of meditation on pro-environmental behavior and its theorized mechanisms, which may be informative for future research and interventions.","PeriodicalId":48374,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Behavior","volume":"53 1","pages":"864 - 890"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2020-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0013916520952452","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44718916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nadja Zeiske, Leonie Venhoeven, L. Steg, E. van der Werff
{"title":"The Normative Route to a Sustainable Future: Examining Children’s Environmental Values, Identity and Personal Norms to Conserve Energy","authors":"Nadja Zeiske, Leonie Venhoeven, L. Steg, E. van der Werff","doi":"10.1177/0013916520950266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916520950266","url":null,"abstract":"Environmental problems could be reduced if individuals act pro-environmentally. Typically, studies have examined factors explaining pro-environmental behavior among adults, but not among children. As children are the future generations that must meet the targets set by the 2015 Paris climate agreement, it is important to understand which factors influence their engagement in pro-environmental behaviors, such as their energy saving behavior. In two correlational studies among primary and secondary school children (nstudy1 = 69, nstudy2 = 958), we tested if normative considerations proposed by the Value-Identity-Personal Norm (VIP) model can explain children’s self-reported energy-saving behaviors. Our results revealed that in line with research among adults, children’s biospheric values were related to their energy-saving self-identity, in turn associated with their personal norms to save energy. Furthermore, we found partial support for the proposed relationship between the variables of the VIP model and a range of self-reported energy-saving behaviors.","PeriodicalId":48374,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Behavior","volume":"53 1","pages":"1118 - 1139"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2020-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0013916520950266","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46224075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lisa Lim, R. Kanfer, Robert J. Stroebel, C. Zimring
{"title":"Beyond Co-location: Visual Connections of Staff Workstations and Staff Communication in Primary Care Clinics","authors":"Lisa Lim, R. Kanfer, Robert J. Stroebel, C. Zimring","doi":"10.1177/0013916520950270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916520950270","url":null,"abstract":"The importance of communication among healthcare providers has been long recognized, and many healthcare organizations are implementing team-based care, with emphasis on staff communication. While previous empirical studies in various settings illustrate the role of built environments in user communication, there is a lack of quantified interpersonal spatial metrics to predict interactions. This study investigates how interpersonal spatial metrics at different scales predict staff communication patterns by empirically studying four primary care clinics that provide team-based care. We found that staff members in clinics with higher visual connections among staff members reported more timely and frequent communication. We also found that staff members talked to each other more frequently when their workstations were visually connected. The findings of this study are expected to help designers and facility managers provide well-designed team-based clinic layouts, beyond just shared work spaces for team members, for improved staff communication.","PeriodicalId":48374,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Behavior","volume":"54 1","pages":"3 - 35"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2020-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0013916520950270","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43541019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Jiang, Jibo He, Jielin Chen, Linda Larsen, Huaqing Wang
{"title":"Perceived Green at Speed: A Simulated Driving Experiment Raises New Questions for Attention Restoration Theory and Stress Reduction Theory","authors":"B. Jiang, Jibo He, Jielin Chen, Linda Larsen, Huaqing Wang","doi":"10.1177/0013916520947111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916520947111","url":null,"abstract":"Few studies have investigated the impact of landscapes on humans’ mental status while they are moving at high speeds, such as driving on the freeway. This study used a simulation system to measure drivers’ mental responses to six different freeway landscapes. Each of the 33 participants completed six different 90-minute simulated driving tasks in a randomly assigned sequence. The six landscape conditions consisted of an identical freeway infrastructure, with different roadside landscapes. Results show significant differences between landscape conditions and drivers’ mental responses. Landscape conditions with greater greenness, in general, had a greater positive impact on drivers’ mental status. The barren and tree regular landscapes yielded the worst and best results, respectively. Further, higher complexity was associated with a higher level of negative mental status. We argue that the speed of human’s active movement should be considered as an essential factor in the Attention Restoration Theory and Stress Reduction Theory.","PeriodicalId":48374,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Behavior","volume":"53 1","pages":"296 - 335"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0013916520947111","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48546535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}