Business HorizonsPub Date : 2024-03-21DOI: 10.1016/j.bushor.2024.03.003
{"title":"A framework of diversity, equity, and inclusion safeguards for chatbots","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.bushor.2024.03.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bushor.2024.03.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>Chatbots such as </span>ChatGPT<span> are conversational agents that play an important role in many sectors. They are highly sophisticated </span></span>artificial intelligence<span> (AI) agents increasingly integrated into organizational functions ranging from customer support to recruitment and professional development. Alongside the increasing adoption of chatbots is an increasing focus on diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI). This article presents a series of chatbot examples and discusses their associated DEI implications, such as those related to AI bias. From the cases reviewed in this article, we extract a framework of DEI safeguards, which includes input safeguards, design safeguards, and functional safeguards. This framework can be used by those involved in developing AI based chatbots or managing their use to ensure that chatbots support, rather than weaken, organizational DEI initiatives and strategies.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":48347,"journal":{"name":"Business Horizons","volume":"67 5","pages":"Pages 487-498"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140269838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Business HorizonsPub Date : 2024-03-20DOI: 10.1016/j.bushor.2024.03.001
{"title":"Beware of botshit: How to manage the epistemic risks of generative chatbots","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.bushor.2024.03.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bushor.2024.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Advances in large language model (LLM) technology enable chatbots to generate and analyze content for our work. Generative chatbots do this work by predicting responses rather than knowing the meaning of their responses. In other words, chatbots can produce coherent-sounding but inaccurate or fabricated content, referred to as <em>hallucinations</em>. When humans uncritically use this untruthful content, it becomes what we call <em>botshit</em>. This article focuses on how to use chatbots for content generation work while mitigating the <em>epistemic</em> (i.e., the process of producing knowledge) risks associated with botshit. Drawing on risk management research, we introduce a typology framework that orients how chatbots can be used based on two dimensions: response veracity verifiability and response veracity importance. The framework identifies four modes of chatbot work (<em>authenticated</em>, <em>autonomous</em>, <em>automated</em>, and <em>augmented</em>) with a botshit-related risk (<em>ignorance</em>, <em>miscalibration</em>, <em>routinization,</em> and <em>black boxing</em>). We describe and illustrate each mode and offer advice to help chatbot users guard against the botshit risks that come with each mode.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48347,"journal":{"name":"Business Horizons","volume":"67 5","pages":"Pages 471-486"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141528633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Business HorizonsPub Date : 2024-03-20DOI: 10.1016/j.bushor.2024.03.002
{"title":"Trajectories of AI technologies: Insights for managers","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.bushor.2024.03.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bushor.2024.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) has long been considered a technology for the future. With the release of the chatbot ChatGPT 4, many now feel the future has arrived. Long in gestation, this new technology promises many benefits to humankind, but worries persist that as AI technology scales and comes to rival or exceed human intelligence, the servant may become the master. Amid such hyperbole, the more nuanced trajectories of this technology have been neglected. In this article, we use the Trajectories of Technology (ToT) framework developed by Berthon and colleagues to explore the disparate paths that AI has taken and will take in the coming years, especially in the form of chatbots. This framework provides managers with a conceptual tool to strategically plan for the enormous promises and perils of AI in general and of chatbots specifically.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48347,"journal":{"name":"Business Horizons","volume":"67 5","pages":"Pages 461-470"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0007681324000284/pdfft?md5=dcd25f37a891ea08b2e87a5c20d423e7&pid=1-s2.0-S0007681324000284-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140283337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Business HorizonsPub Date : 2024-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.bushor.2024.02.012
Traci Sitzmann, Shoshana Schwartz
{"title":"Why is progress toward diverse representation so slow? Contrasting management practices’ prevalence versus effectiveness for achieving diverse representation","authors":"Traci Sitzmann, Shoshana Schwartz","doi":"10.1016/j.bushor.2024.02.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2024.02.012","url":null,"abstract":"While a proliferation of management practices have been implemented in organizations in recent decades to create equitable and high performing workforces, there has been little to no progress toward diverse managerial representation during this timeframe. Our review contrasts the effectiveness of management practices for increasing diverse representation in management with how often these practices are utilized in organizations, centrally implicating ineffective management practices for the slow pace of change in diversifying managerial ranks. Specifically, we unveil that organizations predominantly implement ineffective and counterproductive practices that undermine managerial diversity while infrequently implementing practices that increase managerial diversity. For example, paid diversity roles (e.g., chief diversity officer), formal mentoring programs, and DEI-focused recruitment are among the most effective practices but are infrequently implemented in organizations. In contrast, diversity and harassment training and grievance procedures are frequently utilized in organizations but are negatively related to diverse representation. We also provide examples of organizations implementing multiple effective practices and making meaningful progress toward diversifying their workforces.","PeriodicalId":48347,"journal":{"name":"Business Horizons","volume":"102 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140054853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Business HorizonsPub Date : 2024-02-15DOI: 10.1016/j.bushor.2024.02.006
Gregory K. Patton , Emily Neubert , Mitchell J. Neubert , Rebecca Rees
{"title":"Surviving, not thriving: The impact of downsizing on team-based organizations","authors":"Gregory K. Patton , Emily Neubert , Mitchell J. Neubert , Rebecca Rees","doi":"10.1016/j.bushor.2024.02.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bushor.2024.02.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>While the negative effects of downsizing on survivors have been well documented, in the context of teams, these negative effects are less understood, even though they can potentially be magnified. In this article, we combine research findings in teams with the experiences of team members who survived a recent episode of downsizing. Our intention was to confirm the negative repercussions of downsizing both for survivors and for the organization, as well as to provide prescriptions for buffering these effects within teams. Specifically, we extend previous research by documenting the negative association of downsizing with turnover from teams and from the organization, and we explore how downsizing might disrupt or damage the relational, psychological, and productive bonds that make teams valuable to organizations. When downsizing is unavoidable, we offer leaders of team-based organizations prescriptions to consider before, during, and after downsizing. Our prescriptions are intended to contribute to restoring trust, reestablishing a safe environment, and reforming the social, productive connections that allow teams and their members to flourish.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48347,"journal":{"name":"Business Horizons","volume":"67 3","pages":"Pages 251-262"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139888310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Business HorizonsPub Date : 2024-02-15DOI: 10.1016/S0007-6813(24)00008-9
{"title":"Inside front cover - ed board","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0007-6813(24)00008-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0007-6813(24)00008-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48347,"journal":{"name":"Business Horizons","volume":"67 2","pages":"Page IFC"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0007681324000089/pdfft?md5=d77dcb0dd56479889938cf4a94faedb2&pid=1-s2.0-S0007681324000089-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139744286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Business HorizonsPub Date : 2024-02-06DOI: 10.1016/j.bushor.2024.02.007
Greg Fisher
{"title":"Celebrating the work and the spirit of Tim Baldwin (Part II)","authors":"Greg Fisher","doi":"10.1016/j.bushor.2024.02.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bushor.2024.02.007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48347,"journal":{"name":"Business Horizons","volume":"67 3","pages":"Pages 209-210"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139764044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Business HorizonsPub Date : 2024-02-03DOI: 10.1016/j.bushor.2024.02.005
Timothy D. Maynes , Philip M. Podsakoff , Nathan P. Podsakoff , Amber N. Yoo
{"title":"Harnessing the power of employee voice for individual and organizational effectiveness","authors":"Timothy D. Maynes , Philip M. Podsakoff , Nathan P. Podsakoff , Amber N. Yoo","doi":"10.1016/j.bushor.2024.02.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bushor.2024.02.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>When employees speak up with improvement-oriented ideas or raise concerns about detrimental or harmful aspects of the work environment, organizations benefit and so do voicing employees. Despite the proven benefits, employees generally hesitate to speak up, and many managers are not receptive to employee voice. What can leaders do to overcome these challenges and harness the power of employee voice? We draw on research examining constructive forms of employee voice behavior to illustrate its value, explain how to maximize its effectiveness, and describe what voicing employees can do to ensure their voice is heard.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48347,"journal":{"name":"Business Horizons","volume":"67 3","pages":"Pages 283-298"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139678283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}