Social Science Research最新文献_第4页

Military service and sociodemographic determinants of depressive symptom trajectories 兵役和抑郁症状轨迹的社会人口决定因素

IF 3.2 2区社会学

Social Science Research Pub Date : 2024-08-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2024.103062

Elizabeth C. Coppola , Shelley MacDermid Wadsworth , Zoe E. Taylor , Laura Schwab-Reese , Sharon L. Christ

{"title":"Military service and sociodemographic determinants of depressive symptom trajectories","authors":"Elizabeth C. Coppola , Shelley MacDermid Wadsworth , Zoe E. Taylor , Laura Schwab-Reese , Sharon L. Christ","doi":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2024.103062","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2024.103062","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Little is known about preservice depressive symptoms, their linkages to subsequent depressive symptoms, and the role of sociodemographic factors in shaping depressive symptoms of those who serve in the military. Using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (<em>n</em> = 18,910), we modeled depressive symptom trajectories from baseline (<em>M</em><sub>age</sub> = 15.67) through midlife and compared differences in depressive symptoms between participants who did and did not enter military service. Those who served in the military went on to develop lower levels of depressive symptoms than civilians during their prime military service years, even after accounting for sociodemographic factors that shape pathways into military service. Differences in depressive symptoms by military affiliation were no longer significant by their mid-30s. Results provided a more complete account of depressive symptom patterns associated with military service by including data on individuals before and during military service.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48338,"journal":{"name":"Social Science Research","volume":"123 ","pages":"Article 103062"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142049586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prone to wellness? Dispositional awe, religion/spirituality, and well-being among academic scientists 容易获得健康？学术科学家的敬畏感、宗教/灵性和幸福感

IF 3.2 2区社会学

Social Science Research Pub Date : 2024-08-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2024.103063

Laura Upenieks , Brandon Vaidyanathan

{"title":"Prone to wellness? Dispositional awe, religion/spirituality, and well-being among academic scientists","authors":"Laura Upenieks , Brandon Vaidyanathan","doi":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2024.103063","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2024.103063","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Recent scholarship has identified a growing mental health crisis among scientists and those in academia more generally. This study draws from nationally representative survey data collected from physicists and biologists working in four countries—the United Kingdom, the United States, India, and Italy (N = 3442)—and examines how religion/spirituality relates to their physical and mental well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic and the potential mediating role of dispositional awe, which involves transcendent experience. In the current age, science and religion are generally perceived to be in conflict, but recent evidence suggests they might be more complementary than was previously thought, especially in that they both evoke aesthetic experiences. Results from our regression and mediation analyses suggest that academic scientists who rated religion/spirituality as “very important” in their lives had higher overall flourishing scores, lower psychological distress, and were less likely to report that their mental and physical health had worsened during the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings present a strong and consistent case for the explanatory role of a sense of awe in these associations. Taken together, our research invites academic and scientific institutions to recognize and value the personal and spiritual dimensions that scientists may bring to their work.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48338,"journal":{"name":"Social Science Research","volume":"123 ","pages":"Article 103063"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142021554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Does interethnic contact buffer against the socialization of anti-immigrant prejudice? A test on the impact of parents’, school and contextual countrywide attitudes on young people 种族间接触是否能缓冲反移民偏见的社会化？父母、学校和整个国家的态度对青少年影响的测试

IF 3.2 2区社会学

Social Science Research Pub Date : 2024-08-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2024.103057

Josep Ubalde, Fernando Senar, Cecilio Lapresta

{"title":"Does interethnic contact buffer against the socialization of anti-immigrant prejudice? A test on the impact of parents’, school and contextual countrywide attitudes on young people","authors":"Josep Ubalde, Fernando Senar, Cecilio Lapresta","doi":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2024.103057","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2024.103057","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Social science research has shown that interethnic contact reduces prejudiced attitudes. It has been also proven to successfully intervene in several mechanisms of prejudice formation such as when feelings of threat arise. However, there are few studies that examine the potential of interethnic contact in the reduction of prejudice transmission. Using data from PISA 2018, this article examines the impact that anti-immigrant attitudes from three socializing contexts (parents, school and country) have on young people's attitudes, as well as the capacity of interethnic contact to have a buffering effect against them. The results obtained from multilevel regression models show that the attitudes of parents, school and the broader social context of the country exert a notable influence on young people's attitudes. Our results also show that interethnic contact (friendships) lead to a reduction in anti-immigrant attitudes. However, such contact is only able to counteract contextual countrywide attitudes (not those of parents or school).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48338,"journal":{"name":"Social Science Research","volume":"123 ","pages":"Article 103057"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0049089X24000796/pdfft?md5=f49c17524695805e4a0b52f5479d8487&pid=1-s2.0-S0049089X24000796-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141984555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Same degrees, different outcomes? Fields of study choices and gender wage inequality in Finland and Germany 同样的学位，不同的结果？芬兰和德国的专业选择与性别工资不平等

IF 3.2 2区社会学

Social Science Research Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2024.103029

Anna Erika Hägglund

{"title":"Same degrees, different outcomes? Fields of study choices and gender wage inequality in Finland and Germany","authors":"Anna Erika Hägglund","doi":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2024.103029","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2024.103029","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Men and women's diverging fields of study choices contribute to the gender wage gap among highly educated workers in several countries, yet systematic cross-national comparisons are rare. Using data from the German Socio-Economic Panel Study, the German Microcensus, and Statistics Finland this study explores whether fields of study shape the gender wage gap differently in Germany than in Finland; two countries that display strong linkages between education and employment, but differ in the generosity of family policies. The results show that fields of study are an important source of gender wage disparities in both countries. In Germany, associations between characteristics of fields and wages do not seem to differ between the genders. In Finland, the findings suggest that women profit more than men from fields with strong linkages to occupations. Our findings highlight that research analyzing the association between fields of study and gender inequality needs to consider institutional features and gender-specific patterns.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48338,"journal":{"name":"Social Science Research","volume":"122 ","pages":"Article 103029"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0049089X24000516/pdfft?md5=8d62e1c9cf1cbc5992d5f080451a6d2a&pid=1-s2.0-S0049089X24000516-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141959786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Jumping together or not? Associations between siblings’ relationship quality and fertility transitions 一起跳还是不跳？兄弟姐妹关系质量与生育转变之间的关系

IF 3.2 2区社会学

Social Science Research Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2024.103054

Yu-Chin Her , Matthijs Kalmijn

{"title":"Jumping together or not? Associations between siblings’ relationship quality and fertility transitions","authors":"Yu-Chin Her , Matthijs Kalmijn","doi":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2024.103054","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2024.103054","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Individuals' fertility behaviors are likely to be associated with their siblings' due to social influence mechanisms and uncertainties involved in making fertility transitions. Such cross-sibling effects were shown to be stronger when siblings have similar demographic traits. While being a proxy for sibling relationship quality, no study has directly investigated the association between sibling closeness and their fertility transitions. Using four waves of data from the Netherlands Kinship Panel Study, this study adopted a dynamic design where the outcome is whether siblings had children in the same period between panel waves: “jumping together or not” and estimated multilevel binary and multinomial logistic models (<em>N</em> dyad-waves = 6314). We found that siblings with higher relationship quality were more inclined to have children simultaneously, compared to the other categories. In contrast to a sibling having a fertility transition alone, sibling conflict was positively linked to both not having children. In conclusion, sibling closeness is important for siblings’ fertility alignment, including both having and not having children simultaneously.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48338,"journal":{"name":"Social Science Research","volume":"122 ","pages":"Article 103054"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141937384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multidimensionality in merit attitudes: The role of hard work, skills, and social connections in Europe 功绩态度的多维性：在欧洲，勤奋、技能和社会关系的作用

IF 3.2 2区社会学

Social Science Research Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2024.103056

Ronald Kwon , Roshan K. Pandian

引用次数: 0

More than a side-hustle: Satisfaction with conventional and microtask work and the association with life satisfaction 不仅仅是副业对传统工作和微任务工作的满意度以及与生活满意度的关联

IF 3.2 2区社会学

Social Science Research Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2024.103055

Jeremy Reynolds , Julieta Aguilar , Reilly Kincaid

{"title":"More than a side-hustle: Satisfaction with conventional and microtask work and the association with life satisfaction","authors":"Jeremy Reynolds , Julieta Aguilar , Reilly Kincaid","doi":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2024.103055","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2024.103055","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Gig platforms promise attractive, flexible ways to earn supplemental income. Academics, however, often describe gig work as low-quality work, suggesting that it is less satisfying than conventional work. In this paper, we present a novel comparison of satisfaction with gig microtask work and conventional work among MTurk workers doing both. We also examine how satisfaction with gig and conventional work relate to life satisfaction. On average, respondents report less satisfaction with microtasks than with conventional work. Nevertheless, roughly one-third of respondents are more satisfied with microtask work. Furthermore, microtask work lowers overall life satisfaction, but only among “platform dependent” respondents (those who rely on platform income). Specifically, structural equation modeling reveals a case of moderated mediation: “platform dependence” reduces life satisfaction by lowering satisfaction with microtask work while also strengthening the latter's connection to life satisfaction. Taken together, our findings support and extend the theory of platform dependence.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48338,"journal":{"name":"Social Science Research","volume":"122 ","pages":"Article 103055"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141937382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Inequality in the shadow: The role of private tutoring in SES achievement gaps 阴影中的不平等：家教在社会经济地位成就差距中的作用

IF 3.2 2区社会学

Social Science Research Pub Date : 2024-07-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2024.103053

Qi Zheng , Ang Yu

引用次数: 0

Locked out of banking: The limits of financial inclusion for formerly incarcerated individuals 被银行拒之门外：曾被监禁者融入金融的局限性

IF 3.2 2区社会学

Social Science Research Pub Date : 2024-07-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2024.103050

Brielle Bryan , J. Michael Collins

引用次数: 0

Free to represent you and me: Gender attitudes and women's share of parliament, 1995–2021 自由代表你我：性别态度与妇女在议会中的比例，1995-2021 年

IF 3.2 2区社会学

Social Science Research Pub Date : 2024-07-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2024.103051

Rob Clark, Amy Kroska

{"title":"Free to represent you and me: Gender attitudes and women's share of parliament, 1995–2021","authors":"Rob Clark, Amy Kroska","doi":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2024.103051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssresearch.2024.103051","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Women are under-represented in political leadership roles, comprising only a quarter of national parliament members across the world. This is surprising, given women's comparatively high level of education and labor force participation. Why has women's political leadership lagged behind other indicators of gender equality? In this study, we revisit the importance of gender attitudes and examine the extent to which they shape women's share of parliament. Prior studies either examine gender attitudes by relying on cross-sectional research designs with small samples or adopt proxy measures that serve as crude indicators of gender ideology. We overcome these limitations by directly measuring gender attitudes from the World Values Survey and European Values Study, while adopting a panel design with a larger sample of countries and a more comprehensive set of controls. Drawing from our dataset of 275 observations across 101 countries during the 1995–2021 period, we find that our attitudinal measure, gender egalitarianism, wipes away most of the observed differences in women's share of parliament between world regions. Moreover, when we add two-way fixed effects, we find that a one-unit increase in a country's gender egalitarianism score is associated with an increase in women's parliament share by about four or five percentage points. Finally, we address concerns about endogeneity by replicating our results using two-stage least squares models with fixed effects. Overall, our findings suggest that gender ideology helps account for the growing success and persistent obstacles faced by women political candidates across the world.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48338,"journal":{"name":"Social Science Research","volume":"122 ","pages":"Article 103051"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141540681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0