Social Science Research最新文献

{"title":"Dynamics of later-life caregiving and health. Insights from biomarker data and cognitive tests","authors":"Ariane Bertogg ,&nbsp;Patrick Präg ,&nbsp;Klara Raiber","doi":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103205","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103205","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As populations age and informal caregiving becomes more widespread, the health consequences of providing care are becoming a key concern for societies. Sociological theories of stress appraisal and role strain posit detrimental consequences to the health and wellbeing of caregivers. Conversely, role enhancement theory holds that caregiving can have positive health consequences. Using data from the English Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSA) collected among adults aged 50 years or older with a follow-up period of up to 20 years (2002–23, 88,225 observations of 20,217 respondents), we examine associations between transitions into and out of caregiving, and two key health outcomes which have been understudied as consequences of caregiving, namely: allostatic load and cognitive functioning. We estimate asymmetric fixed-effects models which model changes in health outcomes as a function of transitions into and out of caregiving while accounting for unobserved between-person heterogeneity. Our results show that caregiving is associated with better cognitive health for both men and women, but not with improved biomarker-based allostatic load. Results do not differ by caregiving intensity. Our findings provide support for role enhancement theory, suggesting that caregivers benefit in terms of cognitive functioning, even if a biomarker-based approach to measuring stress-related health outcome does not corroborate an overall health benefit. We formulate implications for policy-making and directions for future research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48338,"journal":{"name":"Social Science Research","volume":"131 ","pages":"Article 103205"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144312562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How routine tasks affect labor market inequalities between vocational and tertiary graduates over the career","authors":"Viktor Decker,&nbsp;Marie Labussière,&nbsp;Thijs Bol","doi":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103207","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103207","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48338,"journal":{"name":"Social Science Research","volume":"131 ","pages":"Article 103207"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144254142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of clan culture on multidimensional poverty of older adults in China","authors":"Shuang Yu ,&nbsp;Manfei Yang ,&nbsp;Yinhe Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103213","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103213","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper explores the effect of clan culture on multidimensional poverty among older adults. To address potential endogeneity issues, this paper uses the minimum distance between each city and two well-known academies from the Song Dynasty as an instrumental variable for clan culture. The findings reveal that clan culture significantly reduces the incidence of multidimensional poverty among older adults. The primary mechanisms driving this effect include increased intergenerational support and strengthened kinship support. The results of sensitivity analyses indicate that these findings are robust. The impact of clan culture on poverty reduction is observed to be more pronounced among older adults in rural areas, men, younger cohorts, and ethnic minorities. Dose‒response analysis indicates that the stronger the clan culture in a region is, the greater its impact on older adults. These findings suggest that clan culture, as an informal institution, plays a vital role in alleviating multidimensional poverty and enhancing the well-being of older adults.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48338,"journal":{"name":"Social Science Research","volume":"131 ","pages":"Article 103213"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144195455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Red scare: How do negative perceptions of China impact Americans’ attitudes toward Asian Americans?","authors":"Andrew Francis-Tan,&nbsp;Adam Y. Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103214","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103214","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>How does great power competition affect domestic affairs? This paper investigates the effect of the perceived threat of China on Americans’ attitudes toward Asian Americans. To do so, we conducted three survey experiments. Participants engaged with vignettes that manipulated different aspects of the China threat. Then they evaluated a diverse set of fictitious Americans applying for a job in the U.S. The experiments yielded several insights. The vignettes related to Chinese domestic policy had no impact on the evaluation of the target groups. However, the vignette about Chinese espionage caused participants to give Chinese Americans lower ratings when the job was marketing analyst (experiment 1) and IT specialist (experiment 2). That vignette also caused participants to give Russian Americans, but not other Asian Americans, lower ratings as well. However, on average, participants did not rate the target groups any differently when the job was American history teacher (experiment 3). The vignette about economic competition between China and the U.S. mostly had insignificant effects. Together, the findings show that discrimination is present but limited in size and scope.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48338,"journal":{"name":"Social Science Research","volume":"131 ","pages":"Article 103214"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144185374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Race and leadership suitability in multiracial churches: An experimental exploration","authors":"Jiayin Hu ,&nbsp;Bing Han","doi":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103208","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103208","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Extensive research on multiracial churches highlights the predominance of White individuals in leadership roles. However, little is known about how leadership suitability is perceived in such multiracial contexts. This study employs a factorial conjoint survey experiment with 737 participants to investigate how participants' race/ethnicity, leadership candidates' race/ethnicity, and the racial/ethnic composition of churches influence perceived leadership suitability. The findings of this study provide evidence for multi-dimensional in-group favoritism, encompassing both personal in-group favoritism and group-oriented favoritism. Specifically, when these two types of favoritism compete, Black and Latino participants exhibit stronger personal in-group favoritism, favoring candidates from their own racial/ethnic groups. In contrast, White and Asian participants demonstrate stronger group-oriented favoritism, favoring candidates whose race/ethnicity aligns with the church's majority racial/ethnic composition. Additionally, this study identifies patterns of cross-minority solidarity among racial minority groups. While individuals generally favor candidates from their own racial groups, this preference is complemented by a broader tendency to support candidates from other racial minority groups over White candidates. Findings in this study do not support White privilege and superiority assumptions in leadership roles within multiracial church settings. Overall, this study underscores the interaction between personal identity and group dynamics in shaping perceptions of leadership, highlighting the multifaceted ways in which individual racial/ethnic identity and group racial/ethnic demographics influence perceptions of leadership suitability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48338,"journal":{"name":"Social Science Research","volume":"130 ","pages":"Article 103208"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144167224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Citizenship status and requirement, culture and immigrants’ attitudes toward local immigration: A study of 21 western and non-western societies","authors":"Yuyao Liu,&nbsp;Eric Fong","doi":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103204","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103204","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Understanding the attitudes of immigrants toward local immigration (i.e., immigration in their host societies) is increasingly important in the context of rising international migration and naturalized immigrants. However, little is known about how immigrants view local immigration, especially across societies with different cultures and naturalization requirements.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This research examines two questions: 1) whether immigrants with and without host-society citizenship view local immigration differently across Western and non-Western societies, and 2) how the potential attitudinal differences between naturalized and non-naturalized immigrants vary across societies with different cultures and naturalization requirements.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Drawing from World Values Survey data (WVS7, 2017–2022), this study analyzes how naturalized immigrants and non-naturalized immigrants from 21 societies accommodating around 40 % of the world's international migrants view local immigration.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Results indicate that naturalized immigrants exhibit less favorable attitudes toward local immigration than their non-naturalized counterparts, particularly in societies with collectivistic cultures or stringent naturalization processes or without language requirements.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The host-society citizenship is associated with less favorable attitudes toward local immigration. Access to naturalization and its requirements are associated with local immigration attitudes, which can potentially shape the integration environment and overall social cohesion in the host society.</div></div><div><h3>Contribution</h3><div>The study goes beyond the conventional native-versus-immigrants attitudes in Western contexts and explores the important yet underexplored attitudinal outcomes of naturalization. It analyzes the moderating impacts of the host-society culture and naturalization criteria and combines a multilevel analysis with a coarsened exact matching and machine-learning approach, offering valuable insights for future studies and integration strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48338,"journal":{"name":"Social Science Research","volume":"130 ","pages":"Article 103204"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144123157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Witch trials and wages in early-modern Europe: A state-space reconstruction study","authors":"Aniruddha Das","doi":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103209","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103209","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Religious oppression is often jointly present with worse economic outcomes, in both current and historical contexts. Direction of influence has been unclear. In this study, I used a 550-year dataset to examine dynamic linkages between real wages and the frequency of witch trials in early-modern Europe. To investigate causal effects rather than simply prospective probabilistic connections, I used a state-space reconstruction approach from the natural sciences. Results confirmed causation in both directions. Negative effects of more witch trials on average incomes were significantly stronger than the inverse negative flow. Religious oppression, then, could be more of a cause of worse economic conditions than an outcome. If findings apply to other contexts, they may shed new light on potential oppression-poverty spirals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48338,"journal":{"name":"Social Science Research","volume":"130 ","pages":"Article 103209"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144131451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Labor market formalization and local-migrant wage gap in China: Evidence from 2008 Labor Contract Law","authors":"Yiyue Huangfu","doi":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103211","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103211","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Chinese labor market had seen changing levels of labor market informality in the past two decades. Rural migrant workers are more likely to be in the informal labor force and earn lower wages. This study bridges the scholarship that separately consider the roles of migration and informal employment in social stratification in China. Drawing on the relational inequality framework, this paper investigates the effects of labor market formalization on the local-migrant wage gap in 2006–2015. I first document the impact of formal worker status on local-migrant wage gap throughout years. I then use two-way fixed effect event analysis to test whether the 2008 Labor Contract Law --- a specific public policy aimed at providing labor protection --- reduced migrants’ disadvantages in earnings. I combine survey data with administrative records to capture place- and time-specific variation in policy implementation. During the years of labor market formalization, having a labor contract started playing a smaller role in local-migrant wage gap. The major national policy to provide labor protection benefited local workers more than it did for migrant workers. Consequently, the implementation of the law enlarged local-migrant wage gap in the short run. The findings shed light on the relationship between labor market regulation and economic inequality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48338,"journal":{"name":"Social Science Research","volume":"130 ","pages":"Article 103211"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144123155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Where I stand and what I stand for: Subjective status, class, and redistribution","authors":"Giacomo Melli ,&nbsp;Leo Azzollini","doi":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103210","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103210","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>While research is increasingly focusing on the political influence of subjective social status, it is yet unclear how the latter shapes attitudes towards redistribution on its own, nor how it interacts with contextual inequality. To address this, we integrate perspectives across sociology, political economy, and social psychology, testing competing hypotheses of polarisation vs. mitigation of redistributive attitudes among social groups. We rely on ISSP data for twenty-five countries across the Americas, Asia, Europe, and Oceania between 1987 and 2019, exploiting the longitudinal potential of contextual information. Results show that individuals with lower subjective status display higher support for redistribution and perception of inequality, independently from their objective characteristics. Contextual inequality plays a key role: in countries with higher income inequalities, high subjective status individuals show higher support for redistributive policies. This suggests that, in highly unequal countries, individuals who feel they are above most of the population display pro-redistribution attitudes in line with the rest of the population. The results have broad implications, suggesting that an approach to social stratification that considers both subjective and objective aspects is central to illuminate support for redistribution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48338,"journal":{"name":"Social Science Research","volume":"130 ","pages":"Article 103210"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144108164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What's my age again? An age-period-cohort analysis of generalised trust in Africa","authors":"Michael Kumove ,&nbsp;Intifar Sadiq Chowdhury","doi":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103203","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103203","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Most African countries are experiencing a ‘youth bulge’—a large proportion of young people in their populations. What effect might this have on generalised trust? Using a cross-classified random effects model (CCREM) on Afrobarometer data, we show that (1) higher age is correlated with higher generalised trust in Africa, and (2) this is at least partly the result of the ageing process itself and not merely due to period or cohort effects. Both of these findings are consistent with previous work on trust in the US and Europe. This implies that the African youth bulge has pushed down generalised trust as the proportion of low-trust young people in the population has steadily increased. This supports the ‘instability thesis’ of youth bulges and could threaten the other dividends which they may generate. We conclude by presenting some suggestions for ameliorating this decline.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48338,"journal":{"name":"Social Science Research","volume":"130 ","pages":"Article 103203"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144069405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}