International Studies Quarterly最新文献_第2页

Expanding Access, Preserving Judgment: Large Language Models in Social Science Data Collection 扩大访问，保留判断：社会科学数据收集中的大型语言模型

IF 2.6 1区社会学

International Studies Quarterly Pub Date : 2026-09-11 DOI: 10.1093/isq/sqag084

Chun-Young Park,Matthew Rains

{"title":"Expanding Access, Preserving Judgment: Large Language Models in Social Science Data Collection","authors":"Chun-Young Park,Matthew Rains","doi":"10.1093/isq/sqag084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/isq/sqag084","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract What role should large language models (LLMs) play in social science research? The rapid rise of LLMs has generated both excitement and trepidation about their functional and ethical implications. This study evaluates their role in political science data production through the Universal Periodic Review Other Stakeholders’ Engagement (UPROSE) Dataset Project. The UPROSE project uses Universal Periodic Review reports from Non-Governmental Organizations on human rights conditions to build data on human rights and NGO engagement with international organizations. We compare LLM performance to human coders across multiple extraction tasks using established reliability metrics. LLMs perform comparably to humans for well-structured, surface-level variables but fall short in tasks requiring contextual inference or interpretive judgment. These results suggest that LLMs are best used as conditional tools that, when paired with subject-matter expertise, can expand access to high-quality data and reduce structural barriers. We conclude with best practices for hybrid workflows that enhance efficiency while maintaining interpretive quality in social science research.","PeriodicalId":48313,"journal":{"name":"International Studies Quarterly","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149210600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Opacity Trap: Why States Wait to Govern Emerging Technologies 不透明陷阱：为什么国家要等待对新兴技术的管理

IF 2.6 1区社会学

International Studies Quarterly Pub Date : 2026-09-11 DOI: 10.1093/isq/sqag079

Justin Key Canfil

{"title":"The Opacity Trap: Why States Wait to Govern Emerging Technologies","authors":"Justin Key Canfil","doi":"10.1093/isq/sqag079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/isq/sqag079","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Arms control overwhelmingly concerns technologies that states already possess rather than those they might one day develop. Why do states prefer to control today’s technologies tomorrow instead of controlling tomorrow’s technologies today? I argue that technological secrecy produces an opacity trap: states must conceal technological details that could betray important discoveries to rivals, but mutual secrecy obscures who is actually ahead. Thus, the very secrecy states need to compete is also what blinds them to whether technological competition is worth preventing. I formalize this logic with an endogenous learning model, showing how the information needed to make anticipatory control attractive usually only arises through competition itself. By the time states realize they are ensnared in unwinnable competitions, the technologies they are competing over have already been produced. The theory is tested with archival research into two little-known cases—environmental-modification weapons and deep-sea missile launchers—alongside original data on nearly 250 weapons governance agreements since 1850. The findings explain why states can foresee the dangers of emerging technologies yet still fail to govern them in advance, with implications for contemporary efforts to control technologies such as artificial general intelligence (AGI).","PeriodicalId":48313,"journal":{"name":"International Studies Quarterly","volume":"243 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149092608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Balancing Act: Coercion, Terrorism, and Regime Stability 平衡法案：强制、恐怖主义和政权稳定

IF 2.6 1区社会学

International Studies Quarterly Pub Date : 2026-07-24 DOI: 10.1093/isq/sqag054

Allison Carnegie, Aleksandra Gracheva, Adam Lichtenheld, Dipali Mukhopadhyay

{"title":"Balancing Act: Coercion, Terrorism, and Regime Stability","authors":"Allison Carnegie, Aleksandra Gracheva, Adam Lichtenheld, Dipali Mukhopadhyay","doi":"10.1093/isq/sqag054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/isq/sqag054","url":null,"abstract":"A substantial literature seeks to understand the drivers and consequences of foreign policy instruments that states employ to change the behavior of other states. We argue that this body of work—and the surrounding policy discourse—often miscategorizes or misunderstands the goals of these instruments in the important set of cases involving the threat of terrorism. We contend that the deployment of these instruments depends on the relationship between the target regime and the coercing state and the degree to which the coercing state perceives a terrorist threat emanating from the target’s territory. We develop a typology that characterizes and predicts foreign policy approaches as a function of these two concerns. We theorize that, in cases where the target regime is adversarial and where a distinct terrorist threat is perceived, the coercer employs a balancing approach. It seeks to apply enough pressure to keep the target regime weak, but not so much that the regime collapses, which could allow extremist non-state actors to assume control. We use in-depth case studies of US foreign policy in Syria and Afghanistan to contest the common narrative that sanctions fail and, instead, contend that maintaining regime limbo often serves US goals and interests as defined in the post-9/11 era.","PeriodicalId":48313,"journal":{"name":"International Studies Quarterly","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148589062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Slave Empire: Ottoman Islamic Slavery and State Formation 奴隶帝国：奥斯曼伊斯兰奴隶制和国家形成

IF 2.6 1区社会学

International Studies Quarterly Pub Date : 2026-07-13 DOI: 10.1093/isq/sqag052

J C Sharman

引用次数: 0

“The many metaphors of silence: Conceptualizing silence as a collaborative structure” “沉默的许多隐喻：将沉默概念化为一种协作结构”

IF 2.6 1区社会学

International Studies Quarterly Pub Date : 2026-07-11 DOI: 10.1093/isq/sqag053

Jenna Norosky

{"title":"“The many metaphors of silence: Conceptualizing silence as a collaborative structure”","authors":"Jenna Norosky","doi":"10.1093/isq/sqag053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/isq/sqag053","url":null,"abstract":"s Silence is a powerful metaphor, but functions as a black box within which many distinct social phenomena coexist. Consequently, metaphorical slippage makes it difficult to operationalize silence in empirical research. First, I show the need for greater metaphorical specification in the study of silence through the example of silence as a collaborative structure: a wide-spanning silence appearing as a unitary object which, behind its opacity, is sustained by various intersecting but distinct trajectories of silence and silencing. Empirically understanding these collaborative structures thus requires attentiveness to the interplay between the modalities of silence represented through different metaphors. Next, I demonstrate the utility of this concept for the study of IR through a brief discussion of the global silence on conflict-related sexual violence against men and boys. Considering the issue’s increased recognition, I conclude with a cautionary explication of how the framing of CRSV against men and boys as a “silenced” issue limits approaches to addressing the problem and adversely impacts intra-network advocacy relationships. This underscores the significance of the unique methodological problems with studying silence involving the imposition of the “horizon of expectation”.","PeriodicalId":48313,"journal":{"name":"International Studies Quarterly","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148589097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Buying Hearts and Minds, Securing Blue Helmets: UN Quick Impact Projects and Violence against Peacekeepers 收买人心，保护蓝盔：联合国速效项目与针对维和人员的暴力行为

IF 2.6 1区社会学

International Studies Quarterly Pub Date : 2026-07-10 DOI: 10.1093/isq/sqag049

Jori Breslawski, Jacob D Kathman

引用次数: 0

Patterns of Indirect Violence in Conventional War: Territorial Contestation and Civilian Casualties during the War in Ukraine 常规战争中的间接暴力模式：乌克兰战争中的领土争端和平民伤亡

IF 2.6 1区社会学

International Studies Quarterly Pub Date : 2026-07-09 DOI: 10.1093/isq/sqag051

Mikael Hiberg Naghizadeh, Seung Hoon Chae

引用次数: 0

Moral Hazard in the Global Financial Safety Net: Evidence from Bilateral Swap Agreements 全球金融安全网中的道德风险：来自双边互换协议的证据

IF 2.6 1区社会学

International Studies Quarterly Pub Date : 2026-07-06 DOI: 10.1093/isq/sqag050

Qi Liu, Xun Pang

{"title":"Moral Hazard in the Global Financial Safety Net: Evidence from Bilateral Swap Agreements","authors":"Qi Liu, Xun Pang","doi":"10.1093/isq/sqag050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/isq/sqag050","url":null,"abstract":"Globalization has intensified the cross-border transmission of financial risk, placing the Global Financial Safety Net (GFSN) at the core of international economic stability. Since the 2008 Global Financial Crisis, bilateral swap agreements (BSAs) have expanded rapidly, now exceeding International Monetary Fund (IMF) resources and fundamentally reshaping the architecture of global financial co-operation. While observers frequently warn that BSAs may induce moral hazard, systematic theoretical and empirical assessments remain scarce. We develop a network-based argument of moral hazard, arguing that states’ incentives to safeguard depend on their positions within the BSA network. We test theoretical expectations with an original dataset of global BSAs and causal inference techniques. The findings uncover a dual dynamic: central creditor states adopt more prudent positions, expanding their liquidity provision capacity by nearly 20 percentage points to reinforce network stability, whereas peripheral debtor states exhibit significant moral hazard, reducing their self-insurance by roughly 8 percentage points. This study shows that BSAs both diffuse the burden of liquidity provision and reallocate financial risk. In doing so, they generate new systemic vulnerabilities, shift the key currency system away from unilateral reliance on the United States toward burden-sharing among core central banks, and raise emerging challenges for domestic accountability in global financial governance.","PeriodicalId":48313,"journal":{"name":"International Studies Quarterly","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148401476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

IO Policy Attention Drives NGO Information Supply: Evidence from the Universal Periodic Review of the UN 国际组织政策关注推动非政府组织信息供给：来自联合国普遍定期审议的证据

IF 2.6 1区社会学

International Studies Quarterly Pub Date : 2026-06-11 DOI: 10.1093/isq/sqag071

Mintao Nie

{"title":"IO Policy Attention Drives NGO Information Supply: Evidence from the Universal Periodic Review of the UN","authors":"Mintao Nie","doi":"10.1093/isq/sqag071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/isq/sqag071","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract International organizations (IOs) have increasingly expanded access for nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) to participate in global policymaking. But subsequent NGO participation is uneven across policy venues within IOs. How do NGOs decide where to direct their advocacy efforts? Drawing on insights from interest group research on agenda setting and venue shopping, I argue that IO policy attention elicits NGO advocacy effort by creating focal points for and conferring legitimacy on transnational NGO activism. Moreover, this positive effect is more pronounced in advanced democracies with a greater number of NGOs capable of engaging in transnational advocacy and in contentious issue areas where NGOs seek external validation from more authoritative IOs. Using an original state-level panel dataset on NGO written submissions to the United Nations (UN) Universal Periodic Review between 2008 and 2022, I show that NGOs contribute more information to review sessions where the states under review have attracted heightened concern from the UN human rights system, as evidenced by communications by the UN Special Procedures. Additional analyses demonstrate the conditional effect of IO policy attention on NGO information provision by democracy and issue area. These findings highlight the key role of IO agendas in shaping transnational NGO advocacy.","PeriodicalId":48313,"journal":{"name":"International Studies Quarterly","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148898981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sequencing Matters: The Contingent Effects of Military Force 顺序问题：军事力量的偶然性影响

IF 2.6 1区社会学

International Studies Quarterly Pub Date : 2026-06-11 DOI: 10.1093/isq/sqag067

Gregory L Smith

引用次数: 0