Body ImagePub Date : 2025-04-18DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2025.101892
Sara Iannattone , Silvia Cerea , Marco Lauriola , Marta Ghisi , Gioia Bottesi
{"title":"Behind the mirror: An exploration of the Tripartite Influence Model among Italian adolescent boys and girls","authors":"Sara Iannattone , Silvia Cerea , Marco Lauriola , Marta Ghisi , Gioia Bottesi","doi":"10.1016/j.bodyim.2025.101892","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bodyim.2025.101892","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Body image concerns and eating disorder (ED) symptoms are increasingly common among adolescents, highlighting the importance of discerning their risk factors. One of the main frameworks explaining the development of body image and eating-related issues is the Tripartite Influence Model (TIM); however, adolescent research examining this model remains scarce and mainly limited to female individuals. Therefore, this study aimed to test the original TIM in a sample of 788 Italian students (59 % girls) aged 13–19 years. They completed self-report tools assessing appearance-related sociocultural pressures, general attractiveness-ideal internalization, appearance comparison frequency, body shame, and ED symptoms. Path analysis was employed to test the TIM in the overall sample, followed by a multigroup analysis by biological sex. The results showed that, in both groups, family pressure was linked to body shame directly and to ED symptoms via body shame; however, neither internalization nor appearance comparisons mediated these relations. Peer pressure was associated with body shame via appearance comparisons but not via internalization. Media pressure was related to body shame both directly and via appearance comparisons and indirectly linked to ED symptoms through body shame. In girls, significant relations between family pressure and ED symptoms, as well as between media pressure and internalization, also emerged. The practical implications are discussed, especially regarding culturally sensitive prevention programs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48312,"journal":{"name":"Body Image","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 101892"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143844763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Body ImagePub Date : 2025-04-18DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2025.101880
Katarzyna Drabarek , Marcin Rzeszutek , Cecylia Poncyliusz , Magdalena Michałowska , Ella Guest
{"title":"Body image among people living with HIV: A systematic review and narrative synthesis","authors":"Katarzyna Drabarek , Marcin Rzeszutek , Cecylia Poncyliusz , Magdalena Michałowska , Ella Guest","doi":"10.1016/j.bodyim.2025.101880","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bodyim.2025.101880","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The aim of this systematic review was to analyse, synthesise and review existing research on body image among people living with HIV (PLWH). Specifically, the review investigated the relationship of body image with sociodemographic and clinical variables and psychological correlates among PLWH.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>A comprehensive literature search was conducted using Web of Science, PsycARTICLES, MedLine, ProQuest and Scopus databases and yielded a total of 699 abstracts. The inclusion criteria encompassed quantitative and peer-reviewed articles published in English devoted to HIV/AIDS adult patients, with validated measurements of body image operationalized explicitly as an outcome variable.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 17 articles were accepted for systematic review and analysis. The quality of the studies was evaluated using STROBE guidelines for observational studies. The findings revealed that body image disturbances are common among PLWH and are influenced by factors such as lipodystrophy, depression, anxiety, self-efficacy in health behaviours, social support, stigma and quality of life. Higher body image disturbance was also linked to poorer adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) and increased HIV sexual transmission risk behaviours.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Body image is a crucial aspect of the psychosocial functioning of PLWH. Despite medical advancements, PLWH continue to face significant body image disturbances that impact their quality of life. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies, diverse geographical contexts and interventions aimed at improving body image among this population. Addressing body image concerns through psychosocial support and therapeutic interventions can potentially enhance the overall well-being and health outcomes of PLWH.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48312,"journal":{"name":"Body Image","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 101880"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143844762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Going beyond appearance: Embodiment throughout adolescence and its associations with identity functioning and eating behaviors","authors":"Lore Vankerckhoven , Laurence Claes , Niva Piran , Leni Raemen , Janne Vanderhaegen , Koen Luyckx","doi":"10.1016/j.bodyim.2025.101889","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bodyim.2025.101889","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The complex relationship between body (dis)satisfaction, identity, and disordered eating in adolescence has been highlighted in previous studies. However, longitudinal research on this interplay using a holistic approach in assessing embodiment is lacking. The current study used three-wave longitudinal data (T1: <em>N</em> = 923; 59.6 % female; <em>M</em><sub>age</sub> = 16.19, <em>SD</em> = 1.31, range = 13–21 years) to examine the development of embodiment during adolescence and to explore its (temporal) associations with identity, eating disorder symptoms, and eating competence. First, cross-lagged analyses revealed that embodiment positively predicted identity synthesis and eating competence skills over time, whereas it negatively predicted identity confusion and eating disorder symptoms over time, with some associations being bidirectional. Second, latent growth curve modeling indicated that embodiment showed increases throughout adolescence and emerging adulthood. Relatedly, interindividual differences in development were demonstrated, with latent class growth analysis pointing to four embodiment trajectory classes (high, moderate, low, and problematic embodiment). Finally, multigroup latent growth curve modeling suggested that the embodiment trajectory classes differed meaningfully on identity functioning, eating disorder symptoms, and eating competence skills. Overall, this study suggests the importance of embodiment for both research and clinical practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48312,"journal":{"name":"Body Image","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 101889"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143821433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Body ImagePub Date : 2025-04-10DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2025.101885
Wenn Lynn Ooi , Helen Nasser , Julian Simmons , Isabel Krug
{"title":"A systematic review and meta-analysis on the temporal relationship between appearance comparisons and body dissatisfaction","authors":"Wenn Lynn Ooi , Helen Nasser , Julian Simmons , Isabel Krug","doi":"10.1016/j.bodyim.2025.101885","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bodyim.2025.101885","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The co-occurrence of appearance comparison (AC) and body dissatisfaction (BD) is well-recognised, but there is no consensus on the direction of effects between the two constructs. We present findings from the first meta-analytic review of all longitudinal studies assessing the direction of effects between AC and BD. Furthermore, we provide a systematic review on studies that were not able to be included in the meta-analysis and on studies using an ecological momentary assessment (EMA) design. Systematic search following PRISMA guidelines identified 32 studies. Multilevel random-effects meta-analyses were conducted on 8 eligible studies and revealed small but significant effect sizes for the bidirectional relationship between AC and BD among women (<span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>r</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>AC</mi><mo>→</mo><mi>BD</mi></mrow></msub><mo>=</mo></mrow></math></span> 0.077; <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>r</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>BD</mi><mo>→</mo><mi>AC</mi></mrow></msub><mo>=</mo></mrow></math></span> 0.078). Further meta-regression analyses of female data showed that these effects were not moderated by time-lag but were weakly moderated by age and body mass index. A systematic review of the remaining 24 studies (6 longitudinal; 18 EMA) revealed nuances in AC, such as direction, are important to consider as they are differentially related to BD. Nevertheless, a bidirectional relationship was supported between AC, especially upward AC, and BD. Future research should prioritize assessing the longitudinal relationship between AC and BD to clarify how these constructs influence each other over time. A more nuanced view of AC processes, along with an investigation of factors that can influence the size and direction of the AC-BD relationship, is also needed to inform targeted prevention strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48312,"journal":{"name":"Body Image","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 101885"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143817492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Body ImagePub Date : 2025-04-09DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2025.101884
Emma Austen, Scott Griffiths
{"title":"Prospective relationships of body appreciation and functionality appreciation with body dissatisfaction and psychological quality of life among sexual minority men","authors":"Emma Austen, Scott Griffiths","doi":"10.1016/j.bodyim.2025.101884","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bodyim.2025.101884","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cross-sectional studies indicate that body appreciation and functionality appreciation are independently predictive of positive outcomes, including lower body dissatisfaction and improved psychological wellbeing. Sexual minority (e.g., gay, bisexual) men are underrepresented in positive body image research, warranting an examination of whether positive body image might also engender positive impacts on body image and psychological wellbeing for this population. We examined the longitudinal relationships of body appreciation and functionality appreciation with psychological quality of life (a multidimensional construct that encompasses psychological wellbeing, mental health, and self-worth), body fat dissatisfaction, and muscularity dissatisfaction among 821 sexual minority men. We used cross-lagged panel models to examine the bidirectional relationships of these constructs across three timepoints spanning 18 months. Greater muscularity dissatisfaction, body fat dissatisfaction, and psychological quality of life impairment were associated with lower body appreciation over time. Body appreciation was positively associated with psychological quality of life impairment over time, but did not predict any other outcome over time. Functionality appreciation was an outcome in one model: greater psychological quality of life impairment was associated with lower functionality appreciation over time. Functionality appreciation was not associated with muscularity or body fat dissatisfaction in either direction over time. These findings can guide intervention development. For example, future research might explore the efficacy of interventions for improving body appreciation on men’s muscularity dissatisfaction, and vice-versa. Further, interventions for improving men’s psychological wellbeing may be beneficial for both their body and functionality appreciation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48312,"journal":{"name":"Body Image","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 101884"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143799151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Body ImagePub Date : 2025-04-08DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2025.101887
Amy K. Jordan , Dara R. Musher-Eizenman
{"title":"Positive body talk in mother-daughter dyads","authors":"Amy K. Jordan , Dara R. Musher-Eizenman","doi":"10.1016/j.bodyim.2025.101887","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bodyim.2025.101887","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Speaking disparagingly about one’s body (negative body talk) is frequently associated with deleterious psychological outcomes. Less is known about the occurrence and correlates of positive body talk, including potentially adaptive attitudes and behaviors. As this kind of body talk often occurs in the context of family relationships, such as mother-daughter dyads, understanding the interplay between individuals is especially important. The present study examined how mothers’ and daughters’ body talk is related to body image and eating behavior in both themselves and each other. College women and their mothers (<em>N</em> = 130 dyads) reported about their family body talk as well as eating pathology, intuitive eating, and body appreciation. Actor-partner interdependence models (APIM) were used to test the hypotheses that 1) engaging in negative body talk is associated with poorer outcomes (e.g., less body appreciation) in oneself and the opposite dyad member, and 2) engaging in positive body talk is associated with adaptive outcomes (e.g., greater body appreciation) in oneself and the opposite dyad member. Mothers’ age and mothers’ and daughters’ BMI were included as covariates. Hypotheses were only partially supported. Negative body talk was associated with poorer outcomes in oneself, but mothers’ negative body talk was not associated with daughters’ eating pathology or body appreciation. Similarly, positive body talk was related to both greater intuitive eating and body appreciation in oneself but was not related to eating pathology in either dyad member.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48312,"journal":{"name":"Body Image","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 101887"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143790749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Body ImagePub Date : 2025-03-31DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2025.101883
Yu Wu , Eva Kemps , Ivanka Prichard
{"title":"“Mind your figure! Watch, but don’t eat”: A content analysis of eating and appearance-related messages in eating videos on social media","authors":"Yu Wu , Eva Kemps , Ivanka Prichard","doi":"10.1016/j.bodyim.2025.101883","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bodyim.2025.101883","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Research has shown that certain eating videos on YouTube (e.g., mukbang) contain unhealthy eating behaviours and that viewers may focus on hosts’ body type portrayed in these videos. However, there is currently no analysis of the messages conveyed in a wider range of eating videos, nor of the differences among various video-sharing platforms (e.g., cultural differences between popular Western and Chinese platforms). Therefore, the current study analysed eating and appearance-related messages from a range of eating-related videos (e.g., mukbang, eating challenge; N = 180), and compared the differences in these messages across three platforms (YouTube, TikTok, Bilibili). Results showed that most videos included young adult Asian or Caucasian hosts who engaged in overeating and displayed visual interactions and verbal or written exchanges (via captions or comments) between hosts and viewers, demonstrating that social media eating videos are engaging. Approximately half of the videos portrayed thin bodies. There were significant differences across the three platforms (e.g., more overeating featured in YouTube videos), which suggests that different platforms contain various types of messages of concern, and that different groups of people may be vulnerable to the possible impact of watching eating-related content on their eating behaviour and body image across the platforms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48312,"journal":{"name":"Body Image","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 101883"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143738193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Body ImagePub Date : 2025-03-31DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2025.101886
Phoebe Gray , Megan Hurst, Thomas Ormerod, Eleanor Miles
{"title":"Women’s body image experiences in the context of personal training in the UK: A qualitative diary study","authors":"Phoebe Gray , Megan Hurst, Thomas Ormerod, Eleanor Miles","doi":"10.1016/j.bodyim.2025.101886","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bodyim.2025.101886","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Research in sport and exercise settings suggests that physical activity leaders have the potential to influence body image for their athletes and exercisers. However, research is yet to explore this possibility in the context of one-to-one exercise relationships. The present study sought to explore women’s body image in the context of personal training, specifically how women perceive the language and behaviours of their personal trainers as influencing their thoughts and feelings about their bodies. Seventeen women (aged 45–64) sent diary entries via WhatsApp after each personal training session over a period of four weeks. Each participant then took part in a semi-structured interview to elaborate on their diary entries and their overall experiences of their body in the context of their personal training sessions. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis from a critical-realist perspective. Four themes were generated: (1) <em>“We’re all different, aren’t we?”: Permission to be me</em>, (2) <em>“Dial it back accordingly”: Confidence through responsiveness</em>, (3) <em>A mutual focus on function,</em> and (4) <em>Supporting connection with the body through movement</em>. Findings provide insight into how interpersonal relationships within exercise settings contribute to women’s body image and suggest ways in which personal trainers could promote positive body image through their interactions with their clients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48312,"journal":{"name":"Body Image","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 101886"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143739023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Body ImagePub Date : 2025-03-26DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2025.101882
Melanie Rebecca Deek , Eva Kemps , Ivanka Prichard
{"title":"The role of female family members in relation to body image and eating behaviour: A cross-national comparison between Western and Middle-Eastern cultures","authors":"Melanie Rebecca Deek , Eva Kemps , Ivanka Prichard","doi":"10.1016/j.bodyim.2025.101882","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bodyim.2025.101882","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>While recent research has shifted toward investigating positive body image, gaps remain in our understanding beyond Western contexts. The present study investigated cross-national differences in the associations between perceived pressures from female family members (mothers and sisters) and both negative and positive body image and eating behaviour outcomes. Participants, aged 18–25, were recruited from both a Western (<em>n</em> = 486) and Middle-Eastern (<em>n</em> = 372) population, and completed an online survey measuring familial pressures and fat talk, internalisation, comparisons, body dissatisfaction, disordered eating, body appreciation and mindful eating. Overall, both mothers and sisters were found to be important sources of pressures. Results demonstrated similarities and differences in negative and positive body image and eating behaviours across cultures. However, the major finding was clear. Middle-Eastern participants, compared to Western participants, demonstrated greater levels of body appreciation and in the mindful eating behaviour of eating without distraction. Despite young Middle-Eastern women facing similar body image and eating concerns as Western women, they exhibit greater body appreciation which may mitigate these concerns. These findings extend our understanding of body image and eating behaviour across countries, and could inform the development of interventions which promote positive body image and eating behaviours within the family environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48312,"journal":{"name":"Body Image","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 101882"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143703952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Body ImagePub Date : 2025-03-20DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2025.101876
Phaedra Longhurst , Jane E. Aspell , Jennifer Todd , Viren Swami
{"title":"Body appreciation mediates the association between satisfaction with autistic identity and flourishing in autistic adults","authors":"Phaedra Longhurst , Jane E. Aspell , Jennifer Todd , Viren Swami","doi":"10.1016/j.bodyim.2025.101876","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bodyim.2025.101876","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Underpinned by the neurodiversity paradigm, scholars are increasingly interested in relationships between positive autistic identity (i.e., feeling satisfaction and pride with being autistic) and states of flourishing (i.e., where numerous aspects of a person’s life and well-being are good) in autistic people. However, possible mediational pathways between these constructs remain relatively under-researched. Here, we propose a conceptual model wherein positive autistic identity is associated with flourishing in autistic adults via positive body image. To test this model, we recruited an online sample of 384 autistic adults (189 women, 195 men; <em>M</em> = 34.66 years<em>, SD</em> = 10.77) from the United Kingdom. Participants were asked to complete measures of satisfaction with autistic identity, body appreciation, and flourishing, and provide their demographic information. Structural equation modelling showed that body appreciation mediated the association between satisfaction with autistic identity and flourishing. The mediational triangle remained significantly robust after controlling for participant demographics. Future research should consider promoting positive autistic identity as a means of developing more positive body image and capacities to flourish in autistic adults.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48312,"journal":{"name":"Body Image","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 101876"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143674754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}