{"title":"Correctional Services Canada Recruits: Their Mental Health During Training at Occupational Entry and the Role of Trauma Exposures in Prevalence of Mental Disorders and Suicide Behaviors.","authors":"Arthi Chinna Meyyappan, Rosemary Ricciardelli, Sahar Dorniani","doi":"10.1177/00938548261435837","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00938548261435837","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Correctional officers (COs) in Canada experience a high prevalence of mental disorders, suicidal behaviors, and trauma exposure. However, recruits entering the Correctional Service of Canada tend to show lower prevalence than the general population, likely influenced by mandatory pre-employment mental health screening. We report self-report survey data from 792 CO recruits between 2018 and 2024, assessing mental health, suicidal behaviors, and trauma exposure before training. Recruits appeared generally mentally healthy: 7.2% screened positive for any disorder (1.6% posttraumatic stress disorder, 1.6% major depressive disorder, 1.8% GAD), and suicidal behaviors were rare (1.0% ideation, 0.2% attempts). Although most recruits reported multiple potentially traumatic events, specific high-impact trauma types, rather than cumulative trauma, were more strongly associated with positive screens. Recruits from certain occupational backgrounds showed elevated risk. Findings suggest robust baseline mental health despite trauma exposure and highlight the need for longitudinal research to understand how trauma type and preservice experiences shape mental health over time.</p>","PeriodicalId":48287,"journal":{"name":"Criminal Justice and Behavior","volume":"53 8","pages":"1164-1181"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13293505/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148333848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cassandra R Stevenson, Michele Peterson-Badali, Tracey A Skilling
{"title":"Examining the Reliability and Validity of the Criminal Sentiments Scale-Modified and the Pride in Delinquency Scale in Black and White Canadian Justice System-Involved Youth.","authors":"Cassandra R Stevenson, Michele Peterson-Badali, Tracey A Skilling","doi":"10.1177/00938548251407576","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00938548251407576","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Procriminal attitudes, key recidivism predictors in the Risk-Need-Responsivity framework, differ among Black and White individuals. However, the procriminal attitudes domain and associated measures have not been critically examined based on race. We examined psychometric properties of the Criminal Sentiments Scale-Modified (CSS-M) and the Pride in Delinquency Scale (PIDS) in 473 justice system-involved Black and White youth. Both scales showed acceptable internal reliability, construct validity, and convergent validity across groups. Procriminal attitudes aligned with antisocial behavior and substance use for White youth, but this was less pronounced for Black youth. The five-factor CSS-M predicted recidivism for White youth, and the PIDS improved predictions. For Black youth, the CSS-M Total and Police subscale, but not the PIDS, predicted recidivism. Results suggest caution in the use of these tools with Black youth. Future research should investigate the role of procriminal attitudes in offending for marginalized groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":48287,"journal":{"name":"Criminal Justice and Behavior","volume":"53 5","pages":"658-677"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13020967/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147576044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Emma M Skogseth, Sienna Strong-Jones, Kristina Brant, Oluwaseyi H Quadri, Abenaa A Jones
{"title":"MENTAL HEALTH CARE BARRIERS FOR WOMEN INVOLVED IN THE CRIMINAL LEGAL SYSTEM WITH SUBSTANCE USE DISORDERS: A Qualitative Study.","authors":"Emma M Skogseth, Sienna Strong-Jones, Kristina Brant, Oluwaseyi H Quadri, Abenaa A Jones","doi":"10.1177/00938548251326174","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00938548251326174","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated barriers to accessing mental health care among criminal-legal involved women with opioid use disorder (OUD) by triangulating perspectives across affected women (<i>n</i> = 20), criminal legal professionals (<i>n</i> = 10), and substance use disorder (SUD) treatment professionals (<i>n</i> = 12). Themes from qualitative interviews conducted in 2022 identified two primary types of barriers: physical access and stigma. Findings converged regarding challenges associated with accessing mental health care during incarceration and reentry and difficulties accessing timely care. However, while women expressed concern about stigma around seeking mental health medications, some of the professionals expressed stigmatizing views about potential misuse of medications. These findings highlight a need for system-level changes in correctional facilities to reduce stigma and bolster well-being and SUD treatment outcomes among criminal-legal involved individuals with dual diagnoses. Future work should strive to expand the literature around interconnected issues associated with concurrent OUD and mental health challenges.</p>","PeriodicalId":48287,"journal":{"name":"Criminal Justice and Behavior","volume":"52 7","pages":"1049-1066"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12165435/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144303334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comparative Analysis of Intimate Partner Violence Perpetrators According to their Referral Type: Self-Referred, Legally Mandated, and Formally Pressured.","authors":"Marie Dodier-Lemay, Laurie Arseneault, Fabienne Glowacz, Caroline Dugal, Natacha Godbout, Claudia Savard, Audrey Brassard","doi":"10.1177/00938548251333800","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00938548251333800","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a major public health issue with long-lasting consequences, necessitating effective treatments to disrupt its intergenerational transmission. However, the common one-size-fits-all approach in IPV programs may fail to acknowledge the diversity among perpetrators. This study compared three types of IPV perpetrators entering treatment: self-referred, legally mandated, and formally pressured. Among 1,302 men surveyed, self-referred men were generally older, more educated, and reported more clinical symptoms than those in the other groups. They appeared more ready to change and less influenced by social desirability biases. Legally mandated men reported fewer minor IPV behaviors, but more severe behaviors compared with self-referred men. They seemed to minimize or deny their behavior, failing to acknowledge their problem with violence. Formally pressured men exhibited mixed characteristics. They appeared to be motivated by the fear of losing custody of their children. These findings underscore the need for tailored therapeutic approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":48287,"journal":{"name":"Criminal Justice and Behavior","volume":"52 7","pages":"1067-1087"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12103237/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144143995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Benjamin J Mackey, Jennifer E Johnson, Niloofar Ramezani, Maji Hailemariam, Rochelle K Rosen, Teneshia Thurman, Jill Viglione, Faye S Taxman
{"title":"THE WHO, WHAT, AND HOW OF INTERAGENCY CRIMINAL JUSTICE-BEHAVIORAL HEALTH TEAMS: Developing and Sustaining Collaborations.","authors":"Benjamin J Mackey, Jennifer E Johnson, Niloofar Ramezani, Maji Hailemariam, Rochelle K Rosen, Teneshia Thurman, Jill Viglione, Faye S Taxman","doi":"10.1177/00938548241280391","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00938548241280391","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Interagency teams are considered an evidence-based change practice, but there is a paucity of research examining them in criminal justice (CJ) and behavioral health (BH) reform contexts. This study draws on qualitative interviews (<i>n</i> = 52) and survey data (<i>n</i> = 791) from BH and CJ leaders across the United States to examine who is on them, what they do, and effective strategies for building and sustaining them. Findings indicated that CJ-BH interagency teams often incorporate agencies from a range of CJ, BH, social service, and health agencies. Teamwork focused on connecting clients to resources or contributing to CJ-BH coalitions and resource centers. Although the team-building strategies <i>learning about/from other agencies</i> and <i>system integration</i> were significantly associated with developing more collaborations, <i>consensus-building activities</i> were not. These findings suggest that interagency teams need not necessarily reach consensus on goals and vision prior to working together, as this can be built through collaboration.</p>","PeriodicalId":48287,"journal":{"name":"Criminal Justice and Behavior","volume":"52 1","pages":"61-78"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11737727/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143014306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Craig S. J. Schwalbe, Kevonyah Edwards, Charles H. Lea, Deborah Koetzle
{"title":"Associations of Racial Equity Training, Policies, and Practices With Routine Supervision Strategies in Community Corrections","authors":"Craig S. J. Schwalbe, Kevonyah Edwards, Charles H. Lea, Deborah Koetzle","doi":"10.1177/00938548241276517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00938548241276517","url":null,"abstract":"Community corrections agencies across the United States are adopting racial equity as a priority in their polices, practices, and staff training, though how racial equity can be translated into the routine practices of probation and parole officers has not been widely discussed. This study examines the associations of perceived racial equity priorities on the supervision strategies reported by probation and parole officers in an online survey ( N = 1054). Approximately one-third of officers reported that their agencies prioritized racial equity. Racial equity scores were stronger in juvenile agencies and in agencies that prioritized evidence-informed practices. Racial equity was associated with reduced accountability-oriented case management practices. Results of this study suggest that racial equity policies and practices may impact client outcomes through changes in general supervision strategies. More research is needed to identify race-conscious strategies that community corrections officers can employ to meet the needs of people involved in the legal system.","PeriodicalId":48287,"journal":{"name":"Criminal Justice and Behavior","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142258352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Effectiveness of Intimate Partner Violence Interventions by the Police, Prosecutors, and Courts","authors":"Johan Stjernqvist, Susanne Strand","doi":"10.1177/00938548241275621","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00938548241275621","url":null,"abstract":"The criminal justice system (CJS), comprising police, prosecutors, and courts, is pivotal in preventing intimate partner violence (IPV). However, challenges persist in effectively protecting victims, with high post-reporting recidivism rates. This systematic review aims to identify CJS interventions targeting IPV recurrence and to assess their effectiveness. Eleven articles meeting inclusion criteria were categorized into three themes: police (five articles), prosecutor (zero articles), and court (six articles). While overall findings lack conclusive evidence on intervention effectiveness, they suggest potential in reducing IPV recidivism among specific perpetrator sub-groups. The review underscores the need to consider contextual factors when evaluating interventions like arrest for IPV prevention. Challenges in identifying evidence-based practices within the CJS persist, necessitating ongoing evaluation research and investment in evidence-based strategies to inform policy and practice effectively.","PeriodicalId":48287,"journal":{"name":"Criminal Justice and Behavior","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142183291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ellen Van Der Vorst, Vere Van Koppen, Niki C. Kuin, Joke M. Harte
{"title":"Exploring the Criminal Life Course of Uncontrollably Violent Detained Persons","authors":"Ellen Van Der Vorst, Vere Van Koppen, Niki C. Kuin, Joke M. Harte","doi":"10.1177/00938548241275577","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00938548241275577","url":null,"abstract":"This empirical study was the first to explore the criminal life course of people imprisoned in a Dutch facility for uncontrollably violent persons as a consequence of prison violence ( N = 383). Their characteristics were compared with those from studies of Dutch incarcerated people and those of persons residing in an in-prison psychiatric facility ( N = 1,913). Results showed that uncontrollably violent detained persons are an extreme group: their criminal life course is characterized by an early onset, an extensive and severe criminal career, and high scores on most violence-related historical risk factors. The severity and early onset of their criminal life course, their problematic behavior, and their problems in other life domains became even more apparent following our comparisons. This study underlines the relevance of detained persons’ pre-prison characteristics in addressing prison violence risk factors, and shows that early detection and monitoring is essential to prevent (more) damage.","PeriodicalId":48287,"journal":{"name":"Criminal Justice and Behavior","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142183292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Delinquency During Puberty as a Biosocial Behavior: Time-Varying Effects of Social Contexts on Girls’ Delinquency in South Korea","authors":"Heeyoung Lee","doi":"10.1177/00938548241276087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00938548241276087","url":null,"abstract":"Using Time-Varying Effect Model (TVEM) to analyze five waves of nationally representative South Korean panel data, from Grades 8 to 12, this study investigates how the effects of delinquent peers, parental care, and compliance with school rules on delinquency likelihood change across adolescence for girls with early versus late pubertal timing. The results reveal complex nonlinear trajectories that differ by puberty group: delinquent peer influence becomes more pronounced for late maturers after Grade 10, parental care consistently suppresses delinquency only for early maturers, and school rule compliance relates negatively to delinquency in late maturers but positively in early maturers. The findings challenge the partial application of the maturity gap hypothesis to early maturers only, highlighting how both early and late maturers experience strain from off-time development but negotiate it differently through shifting interactions with key social contexts over adolescence.","PeriodicalId":48287,"journal":{"name":"Criminal Justice and Behavior","volume":"2019 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142183293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Ties That Bind: The Association Between Social Network Ties, Integration, and Stress Among Incarcerated Women","authors":"Story Edison, Dana L. Haynie","doi":"10.1177/00938548241268008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00938548241268008","url":null,"abstract":"Social integration is theorized to enhance psychological well-being and reduce stress among incarcerated women. However, little empirical research has examined the association between prison social integration and women’s stress during incarceration. This study expands on previous research by (a) examining the relationship between different types of prison network ties among incarcerated women and self-reported stress and (b) exploring whether women’s perceptions of social integration mediate the association between prison network ties and stress. Using ordinal logistic models that incorporate social network and survey data from two women’s prisons in Pennsylvania ( N = 223) (WO-PINS), we find that pseudo-family–based, friendship-based, and trust-based network ties formed during incarceration are associated with reduced stress among incarcerated women. However, we find limited evidence that perceptions of social integration mediate the relationship between prison network ties and stress, suggesting that prison network ties are associated with stress reduction independent of an individual’s perception of integration.","PeriodicalId":48287,"journal":{"name":"Criminal Justice and Behavior","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142183321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}