Journal of Criminal Justice最新文献_第10页

Expanding the ACEs index beyond the household: A gendered assessment of the adversity-delinquency nexus 将 ACE 指数扩展到家庭之外：逆境与不良行为关系的性别评估

IF 5.5 1区社会学

Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2024-04-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2024.102171

Mackenzie Kushner , Lindsay Leban

{"title":"Expanding the ACEs index beyond the household: A gendered assessment of the adversity-delinquency nexus","authors":"Mackenzie Kushner , Lindsay Leban","doi":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2024.102171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2024.102171","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>The current study addresses criticisms of the adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) model, specifically its limited focus on adversities outside the home and gender-based differences. We compare a diverse set of expanded ACEs to seminal household-focused ACEs individually, cumulatively, and in their relationship with delinquency by gender.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Utilizing National Survey of Children's Exposure to Violence data (NatSCEV I-III) (<em>N</em> = 5114), we compare seminal and expanded ACEs, examining their prevalence and individual and cumulative impact on delinquency for boys and girls.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Results reveal gender similarities and disparities in the prevalence of ACEs and their association with delinquency. Seminal household-based ACEs are generally more prevalent and impactful among girls, while there is greater prevalence and salience of adversities outside the home for boys. Girls exhibit higher seminal ACEs scores and a corresponding greater association with delinquency than boys, while expanded ACEs scores show no significant gender differences in prevalence or association with delinquency.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Findings suggest that the narrow focus of the seminal ACEs on household-based adversities may bias the index towards girls and underestimate adversities relevant to boys. Future research and practice should broaden the ACEs index to encompass contexts beyond the home.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48272,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140535752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The influence of spirituality and religious participation on binge drinking: An investigation into subjective and structural mechanisms of desistance 精神信仰和宗教参与对暴饮的影响：对主观和结构性戒酒机制的调查

IF 5.5 1区社会学

Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2024-04-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2024.102182

Megan E. Mohler

{"title":"The influence of spirituality and religious participation on binge drinking: An investigation into subjective and structural mechanisms of desistance","authors":"Megan E. Mohler","doi":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2024.102182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2024.102182","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>Research on the mechanisms of desistance from substance abuse have delineated between subjective and structural mechanisms. Similarly, research on religiosity has distinguished two separate domains, behavioral and attitudinal. The present study bridges these concepts and examines the impact of spirituality and religious participation on binge drinking behavior.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This paper uses a secondary data source for a sample of 1354 adolescents adjudicated for serious offenses followed over a 7-year period. The analysis employs multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression models to separate within, between, and person-context effects of subjective measure spirituality and structural measure religious participation on binge drinking.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Analyses reveal that the subjective factor, spirituality, has significant within effects on the likelihood to engage in binge drinking, while religious participation was not significant at either level. Furthermore, the interaction effect was found to be significant in that increased religious participation in combination with increased spirituality can increase the likelihood of abstinence from binge drinking.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Results of this study hold implications for the desistance mechanism debate within the context of religiosity and substance use. Finding suggest the subjective factor of spirituality is more influential in the desistance process of binge drinking than the structural factor of religious participation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48272,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140347444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ambiguous calls: Public preferences for law enforcement responses to people in crisis 模棱两可的电话：公众对执法部门应对危机人员的偏好

IF 5.5 1区社会学

Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2024-04-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2024.102172

Caitlin M. Brady , Gabrielle Dieterich , Amanda Graham

{"title":"Ambiguous calls: Public preferences for law enforcement responses to people in crisis","authors":"Caitlin M. Brady , Gabrielle Dieterich , Amanda Graham","doi":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2024.102172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2024.102172","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><p>Law enforcement officers are tasked with responding to various types of calls for service in the community, including individuals in crisis. Thus, the current study examines public perceptions regarding crisis related behaviors and preferred police responses.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The current study used experimentally designed case vignettes from an online opt-in survey to tap into crisis-related behaviors (drunkenly passed out, injecting a substance, walking around talking to oneself, and standing on the edge of bridge). The study examined whether respondents (<em>n</em> = 880) viewed the behavior as a crime and how they wanted law enforcement to respond, including arrest, take to treatment, release to family or friend, and ignore and do nothing.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Being drunkenly passed out, injecting a substance, and standing on the edge of a bridge were more likely to be considered a crime relative to walking around talking to themselves. Generally, respondents wanted law enforcement to do something rather than nothing. However, the preferred outcome varied by situation.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Findings have recommendations regarding the criminalization of mental health and education for the public on crisis behaviors linked to locally driven resources and supports.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48272,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140342363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Buy-in for police early intervention systems: An initial exploration of what works 对警方早期干预系统的支持：对有效方法的初步探索

IF 5.5 1区社会学

Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2024-03-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2024.102179

Thomas Christoff, Benjamin Carleton

{"title":"Buy-in for police early intervention systems: An initial exploration of what works","authors":"Thomas Christoff, Benjamin Carleton","doi":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2024.102179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2024.102179","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>Early intervention systems (EISs) are becoming more prevalent in US law enforcement agencies. However, to date, scant empirical research has evaluated sworn members' perceptions of EISs and the degree of “buy-in” sworn members have for these systems. The current research conducts an initial exploration of how to best achieve buy-in, ultimately leading to greater acceptance of interventions by sworn members.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Using sworn personnel survey data (<em>n</em> = 553) from five US police departments, this research uses regression analyses to explore sworn members' buy-in for EISs as predicted by their views of their department's EIS, including their familiarity with EISs and their views on whether the system is disciplinary or wellness-oriented.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Our analysis indicates that buy-in of EISs is influenced by members' familiarity with EIS and whether members believe that EIS is related to well-being (as opposed to discipline). We also find that the variables included in the model explain a substantial proportion of the variance in buy-in.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This research provides important insights into the concept of buy-in for EISs, primarily that other factors can modulate buy-in. We discuss these findings in light of developing policy and training to foster the success of EISs within law enforcement agencies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48272,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140330672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Police whistleblowing: A systematic review of the likelihood (and the barriers and facilitators) of the willingness of police officers to report the misconduct of fellow officers 警察举报：对警官愿意举报同事不当行为的可能性（以及障碍和促进因素）进行系统审查

IF 5.5 1区社会学

Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2024.102170

Olivia Elizabeth Vere Taylor , Richard Philpot , Oliver Fitton , Zoë Walkington , Mark Levine

{"title":"Police whistleblowing: A systematic review of the likelihood (and the barriers and facilitators) of the willingness of police officers to report the misconduct of fellow officers","authors":"Olivia Elizabeth Vere Taylor , Richard Philpot , Oliver Fitton , Zoë Walkington , Mark Levine","doi":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2024.102170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2024.102170","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Recent high-profile cases of police misconduct have revealed that officers were often aware of misconduct, but remained silent, compromising public trust in law enforcement. Here, we systematically review ‘police whistleblowing’ literature to identify barriers and facilitators to officers challenging misconduct.</p></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><p>Employing PRISMA guidelines, we systematically reviewed 118 relevant papers, extracting data and coding key variables including who the ‘target’ of the research was; whether reporting practices were studied, and whether practical solutions were offered. A reflexive thematic analysis then assessed consensus among researchers within the literature.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Five themes - 1) knowledge and rules, 2) consequences, 3) interpersonal relations, 4) responsibility, and 5) police culture and group relations – emerged as barriers and facilitators to whistleblowing. The review revealed relatively poorer representation of internal police reporting structures and limited practical solutions, with only 40 papers proposing strategies, predominantly centred on training and education.</p></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><p>This review highlights methodological limitations in existing research, with an overreliance on survey methods and a dominant focus on the characteristics of individuals over the structural constraints of reporting. The positive impacts of whistleblowing on policing as an institution and the development of practical strategies to overcome officers' reluctance to report misconduct remain largely unexplored.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48272,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0047235224000199/pdfft?md5=0141622dd201acd144af3c65b02ac107&pid=1-s2.0-S0047235224000199-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140180306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

New editorship at Journal of Criminal Justice: Carrying the baton 刑事司法期刊》新任编辑：接过接力棒

IF 5.5 1区社会学

Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2024.102169

Eric Beauregard

引用次数: 0

Provincial and territorial correctional service workers: A Canadian national and jurisdictional assessment of mental health 省和地区惩教服务工作者：加拿大国家和辖区心理健康评估

IF 5.5 1区社会学

Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2024.102168

R. Ricciardelli , R.N. Carleton , T.L. Taillieu , S. Dorniani , M.S. Johnston , M. Carbonell , R. Coulling , E. Andres , T.O. Afifi

{"title":"Provincial and territorial correctional service workers: A Canadian national and jurisdictional assessment of mental health","authors":"R. Ricciardelli , R.N. Carleton , T.L. Taillieu , S. Dorniani , M.S. Johnston , M. Carbonell , R. Coulling , E. Andres , T.O. Afifi","doi":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2024.102168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2024.102168","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>Canadian correctional workers (CWs) experience substantial challenges with mental health, but prevalence estimates have been limited across provincial and territorial services.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Participating CWs from all 13 provincial and territorial services (<em>n</em> = 3740) self-selected to complete an online mental health and well-being survey assessing sociodemographic characteristics and symptoms of several mental disorders. Participants worked as correctional officers, community operations (e.g., probation officers), institutional operations (e.g., program officers), community administrators (e.g., managers), institutional or regional headquarters administrators, or institutional management (e.g., superintendents).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Across Canada, participants screened positive for one or more mental disorders (57.9%), with several regional differences (<em>p</em>s < 0.05). Correctional officers reported more positive screens than other CWs (<em>p</em>s < 0.05). Years of service and being married were inversely related with mental health (<em>p</em>s < 0.05).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The current results suggest provincial and territorial CWs report mental health challenges much more frequently than the diagnostic prevalence for the general public (10.1%) and need additional supports. Unexpectedly, there were absent elevations associated with data collected after the onset of COVID-19.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48272,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0047235224000175/pdfft?md5=782b09c06e37bf8b6675d170b33c5850&pid=1-s2.0-S0047235224000175-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140063134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

For law enforcement purposes: The complicated relationship between the 1033 program and the expanding police mandate 用于执法目的：1033 计划与不断扩大的警察任务之间的复杂关系

IF 5.5 1区社会学

Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2024-02-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2024.102166

John D. Crum , A. Corradi , D.M. Ramey

{"title":"For law enforcement purposes: The complicated relationship between the 1033 program and the expanding police mandate","authors":"John D. Crum , A. Corradi , D.M. Ramey","doi":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2024.102166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2024.102166","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nationwide protests and the ensuing “defund the police” movement reignited debates surrounding the allocation of resources to police departments and police militarization. A commonly examined program of militarization is the Department of Defense's (DoD) 1033 Program, which provides excess DoD equipment to federal, state, and local law enforcement agencies (LEA). While the program does transfer lethal military-grade equipment, most transfers are non-lethal equipment/items. Thus, the degree of participation in the 1033 Program reflecting the “warrior cop mentality” may be overstated. Instead, 1033 Program participation may reflect police cultural framing and rational decisions of how best to meet the needs of their expanding mandate, including providing electrical grid support and natural disaster relief. In this paper, we qualitatively code over 125,000 LEA 1033 justifications for individual items to illuminate how LEAs define their role in society amid their shifting mandate. Results reveal a complex relationship between entrenched cultural patterns and changing demands and needs of departments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48272,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139975962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Criminal court responses to the modern opioid and methamphetamine twindemic 刑事法院应对现代阿片类药物和甲基苯丙胺双重流行的对策

IF 5.5 1区社会学

Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2024-02-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2024.102167

Bryan Holmes , Ben Feldmeyer , Diana Sun , Shayna Arrigo

{"title":"Criminal court responses to the modern opioid and methamphetamine twindemic","authors":"Bryan Holmes , Ben Feldmeyer , Diana Sun , Shayna Arrigo","doi":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2024.102167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2024.102167","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>Despite over 1 million American lives lost to drug overdoses throughout the 21st century and a turbulent history between federal courts and drugs, past research has provided little insight on how criminal courts are responding to modern drug challenges. This research assesses the federal criminal legal response to 21st century drug problems in the context of substantial assistance departures.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Using federal drug sentencing data from 2008 to 2020, this study uses a series of multivariate regression models to examine the prevalence and magnitude of substantial assistance departures in 21st century drug cases.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Results indicate that pharmaceutical opioid cases have been the primary beneficiaries of substantial assistance motions, while methamphetamine and (to a lesser extent) fentanyl cases have not attracted substantial assistance departures to the same degree.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The response to these 21st century drug challenges is not only reflected in rule-based differences in policy, but also in “additional” benefits (for pharmaceutical opioids) and costs (for methamphetamine and fentanyl). Given the appetite for information surrounding government responses to the twindemic, this study provides a nuanced analysis and contributes to knowledge about formal responses to modern drug problems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48272,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139975961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The resilience of drug trafficking organizations: Simulating the impact of police arresting key roles 贩毒组织的复原力：模拟警方逮捕关键角色的影响

IF 5.5 1区社会学

Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2024-02-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2024.102165

Deborah Manzi, Francesco Calderoni

{"title":"The resilience of drug trafficking organizations: Simulating the impact of police arresting key roles","authors":"Deborah Manzi, Francesco Calderoni","doi":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2024.102165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2024.102165","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>This research analyses the resistance and resilience of drug trafficking organizations against law enforcement interventions targeting specific operational roles.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Using the MADTOR agent-based model, which draws on extensive data from a significant police operation and relevant literature, we simulate the complex dynamics of a major cocaine trafficking and dealing group. The study examined the impact of different arrest scenarios targeting traffickers, packagers, or retailers, on the organization's survival, member count, and revenue.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The findings reveal that interventions targeting traffickers lead to the most significant disruptions, while focusing on retailers also yields substantial impacts. Arresting packagers causes limited disruption.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The findings underscore the importance of role-specific law enforcement approaches in dismantling drug trafficking organizations, considering each role's distinct characteristics and operational importance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48272,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S004723522400014X/pdfft?md5=6a1e30cb816954d646bd82a8ec2e4f5c&pid=1-s2.0-S004723522400014X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139914969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0