Journal of Criminal Justice最新文献

A neighborhood analysis of U.S homicide clearances in 50 cities: Examining race and disadvantage across neighborhood types

IF 3.3 1区社会学

Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2025-04-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102403

Richard Stansfield , Karen F. Parker

{"title":"A neighborhood analysis of U.S homicide clearances in 50 cities: Examining race and disadvantage across neighborhood types","authors":"Richard Stansfield , Karen F. Parker","doi":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102403","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102403","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>America's homicide clearance rate has dropped to a new low, clearing only 52 % of homicides according to the 2020 Uniform Crime Report system. This is the lowest clearance rate on record. While homicide clearance rates receive considerable attention, community-based approaches are far more limited. In this research we examine neighborhood level homicide clearance rates using a large sample of census tracts (<em>n</em> = 15,557) with the goal of capturing the variation in homicide clearances across community characteristics and racial groups. We are particularly interested in understanding how race and structural features of communities may influence homicide clearances overall. Results reveal that higher economic disadvantages and the size of the Black population are associated with lower clearances in predominantly Black, mixed minority and integrated neighborhoods. Additionally, immigration concentration is associated with a lower rate of clearance in predominantly Black and integrated neighborhoods. Trajectory analysis reveals that predominantly Hispanic neighborhoods are also more likely to be characterized by high and rising numbers of unsolved homicides over the past decade.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48272,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 102403"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143759603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The intersection of formal labeling and child maltreatment in young adult offending

IF 3.3 1区社会学

Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2025-04-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102404

Anne C. Wingert, Peter S. Lehmann, Andia M. Azimi

{"title":"The intersection of formal labeling and child maltreatment in young adult offending","authors":"Anne C. Wingert, Peter S. Lehmann, Andia M. Azimi","doi":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102404","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102404","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Corresponding with the expectations of labeling theory, much scholarship has observed that justice system contact and exclusionary school punishments can have long-term criminogenic consequences. However, limited work has examined family-related factors that might moderate the effects of formal labeling events. Specifically, exposure to abuse and neglect during childhood represents a key risk factor for offending, but it also is theoretically plausible that child maltreatment can operate as an informal label that further amplifies the crime-producing effects of official interventions.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We use data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (<em>N</em> = 14,078) to assess (1) the independent effects of formal labeling in adolescence and child maltreatment on self-reported offending in young adulthood and (2) whether child maltreatment moderates the effects of formal labels.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We find that arrest, juvenile court adjudication, expulsion from school, and child maltreatment are independently and positively related to young adult offending. Additionally, the effects of arrest and adjudication, but not school discipline, are strengthened by exposure to child maltreatment.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Through the lens of labeling theory, the results suggest that child maltreatment may operate as a type of informal labeling mechanism that aggravates the disadvantages associated with justice system contact.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48272,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 102404"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143759604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Risks considerations when resentencing juvenile homicide offenders: Unresolved science, policy and law issues post-Jones v. Mississippi

IF 3.3 1区社会学

Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2025-03-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102396

José B. Ashford , Luigi Maria Solivetti

{"title":"Risks considerations when resentencing juvenile homicide offenders: Unresolved science, policy and law issues post-Jones v. Mississippi","authors":"José B. Ashford , Luigi Maria Solivetti","doi":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102396","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102396","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>The resentencing of juvenile homicide offenders (JHOs) remains a contentious issue after the <em>Jones v. Mississippi</em> decision. This research investigates whether pre-<em>Montgomery</em> long-term life sentences validly differentiate between JHOs with and without irreparable corruption. It also examines the influence of life sentence type, racial/ethnic minority status, and their interactions on serious and violent prison infractions.</div></div><div><h3>Principal findings</h3><div>The findings reveal non-significant and small observed differences in absolute rates of prison incorrigibility between JHOs sentenced to juvenile life without parole (JLWOP) and juvenile life with parole (JLWP), challenging the assumption that JLWOP sentences accurately reflect higher levels of prison depravity than JLWP sentenced JHOs. Further, neither type of life sentence nor minority status, individually or interactively influence rates of violent or serious prison infractions among juvenile lifers.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The results introduce concerns about the validity of prosecutorial arguments opposing the resentencing of pre-<em>Montgomery</em> JLWOP inmates in Arizona.</div><div>Additionally, they highlight prioritizing behavioral evidence gathered during imprisonment, over the “reasonable feasibility” of employing predictive judgments of irreparable corruption at sentencing, underscoring the need for a hybrid sentencing framework allowing for assessments of irreparable corruption after the completion of a desert phase of a JLWP sentence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48272,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 102396"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143705727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hunting in the digital jungle: Exploring cyberstalking with higher order moderation in situational action theory

IF 3.3 1区社会学

Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2025-03-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102400

Saeed Kabiri

引用次数: 0

Do early environmental factors influence the relationship between psychopathy and crime: Longitudinal findings from the transitions in Amsterdam study

IF 3.3 1区社会学

Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2025-03-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102399

Emma Veltman , Carlo Garofalo , Jessica M. Hill , Arjan Blokland , Martin Sellbom

{"title":"Do early environmental factors influence the relationship between psychopathy and crime: Longitudinal findings from the transitions in Amsterdam study","authors":"Emma Veltman , Carlo Garofalo , Jessica M. Hill , Arjan Blokland , Martin Sellbom","doi":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102399","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102399","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The current study sought to elucidate differences between individuals high in psychopathy who engage in criminal behavior versus those who refrain from such behavior. In doing so, we examined the potentially moderating role of environmental factors in the relationship between psychopathy and criminality including parental absence, parental monitoring, parental relationship quality, adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), socioeconomic status (SES), and neighborhood disorder. In a large (<em>N</em> = 1200), longitudinal sample, latent regression models were estimated to examine the role of potential moderators, Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy Scale scores (LSRP; both facet-level and total scores), and their interaction in the prediction of future criminality while controlling for baseline delinquency. Overall, SES emerged as the most robust protective factor with respect to psychopathy. However, preliminary support was also found for the potentially moderating role of parental absence, parental monitoring and ACEs in the relationship between psychopathy (particularly the Egocentricity facet and LSRP total score) and criminality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48272,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 102399"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143684392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Social determinants of health among U.S. women with incarcerated partners: A longitudinal analysis

IF 3.3 1区社会学

Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2025-03-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102398

Katherine A. Durante , Ariel L. Roddy , Eman Tadros

{"title":"Social determinants of health among U.S. women with incarcerated partners: A longitudinal analysis","authors":"Katherine A. Durante , Ariel L. Roddy , Eman Tadros","doi":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102398","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102398","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To examine intragroup variability in both physical and mental health among women with intimate partners incarcerated in U.S. state prisons.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Three waves of data from the Multi-site Family Study on Incarceration, Parenting and Partnering and within-between random effects regression modeling are used to analyze financial well-being, relationship stability, social and personal support, and physical and mental health.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The within-person findings indicate that 1) having difficulty paying bills predicts higher odds of suboptimal physical health, 2) experiencing unemployment predicts higher odds of suboptimal mental health, 3) improved mastery predicts reduced odds of both suboptimal physical and mental health, and 4) increased friend support predicts reduced odds of suboptimal mental health among the women. The between-person findings indicate that 1) financial challenges predict suboptimal physical and mental health, 2) relationship instability caused by the incarceration predicts suboptimal mental health, 3) family support and mastery predict lower odds of suboptimal physical health, and 4) friend support and mastery predict lower odds of suboptimal mental health.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The findings provide insight into the drivers of health disparity and potential interventions for improving the health of women who may not be reached if their partners were not involved with the criminal legal system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48272,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 102398"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143684391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Back to school days: Crime seasonality in a campus-dominated community

IF 3.3 1区社会学

Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2025-03-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102388

Tarah Hodgkinson, Christina Vamvakaris

{"title":"Back to school days: Crime seasonality in a campus-dominated community","authors":"Tarah Hodgkinson, Christina Vamvakaris","doi":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102388","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102388","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Crime on university and college campuses is an ongoing concern for students, faculty, administrators, and policy makers (<span><span>Fisher & Sloan III, 2022</span></span>). However, much of this research focuses on university and college campuses that are separated from the rest of the city or community they are located within. Doing so is important, given that integrated campuses create particular crime opportunity structures that can impact members of the university and the community more broadly. In this study, we examine crime trends in Brantford, Ontario, where the university is fully integrated into the downtown. We ask will the influx of a large population of students and staff during the school year influence the expected patterns of crime in this area as compared to the rest of the city? We find that assault increases significantly in the university campus area at the beginning of the school year, but returns to expected patterns soon after. This is important when considering safety planning for campus communities, particularly at the start of the school year. Findings indicate that the typical patterns of seasonality can be impacted by a large shift in population, and this should be considered for future policy and safety practices on campuses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48272,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 102388"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143628987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Day and night: Evaluating the impact of CCTV and street lighting on urban crime prevention in Detroit 白天与黑夜：评估闭路电视和街道照明对底特律城市犯罪预防的影响

IF 3.3 1区社会学

Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2025-03-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102397

Ruidun Chen , Cong Fu , Silas Nogueira de Melo , Yanqing Xu

{"title":"Day and night: Evaluating the impact of CCTV and street lighting on urban crime prevention in Detroit","authors":"Ruidun Chen , Cong Fu , Silas Nogueira de Melo , Yanqing Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102397","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102397","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Adequate lighting is essential for CCTV effectiveness, with streetlights being a primary factor influencing urban nighttime surveillance. However, limited quantitative research has examined the relationship between CCTV effectiveness at night and the surrounding number of streetlights, hindering the optimization of both CCTV and streetlight deployment. To address this gap, we applied the Weighted Displacement Quotient (WDQ) algorithm to assess the performance of 38 CCTVs installed under Detroit's “Green Light Project” between January and July 2023, both during the day and at night. Our findings show significant differences in CCTV effectiveness between day and night, with cameras that work well during the day not necessarily performing equally at night. Furthermore, the effectiveness of CCTV at night is closely linked to the number of surrounding streetlights. Insufficient streetlighting can hinder CCTV performance, while an increase in streetlight numbers enhances its effectiveness in reducing both general and property crimes. However, this relationship is nonlinear. These findings highlight the need for data-driven planning to optimize CCTV and streetlight deployment for effective interaction. The insights are important for urban planners looking to optimize CCTV and streetlight configurations for crime prevention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48272,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 102397"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143628988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sexual misconduct victimization and reporting decisions among gender and sexual minorities college students

IF 3.3 1区社会学

Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2025-03-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102387

Brittany E. Hayes , Tara N. Richards , Lane Kirkland Gillespie

引用次数: 0

Promoting disengagement: Effects of a gang intervention and exiting Program on negative police contacts

IF 3.3 1区社会学

Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2025-03-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102384

Jennifer S. Wong, Chelsey Lee

{"title":"Promoting disengagement: Effects of a gang intervention and exiting Program on negative police contacts","authors":"Jennifer S. Wong, Chelsey Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102384","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102384","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To address gang involvement in British Columbia, Canada, the Gang Intervention and Exiting Program (GIEP) was developed to assist individuals in leaving the gang lifestyle. The GIEP uses an individualized case management approach including external service referrals and is delivered by police officers and civilian case managers. The current study examines GIEP impacts on total negative police reports, as well as violent, weapons, and drug trafficking/production offences.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Outcomes were assessed using a single group repeated measures design on the population of clients served from program inception (November 2016) to December 2021 (<em>n</em> = 155). Population-averaged generalized estimating equations (GEEs) were implemented to examine the change in total negative police reports and violent, drug, and weapons offence count over time.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Longitudinal analyses found significantly fewer police reports 12-, 18-, 30-, and 36-months post-entry when compared to the 6-month period preceding program entry. Findings also suggest a decrease in violent offending at 24-and 36-months post-entry, as well as in drug trafficking/production offences at 12-, 18-, and 30-months post-entry. No impact was found for weapons offences. Overall findings suggest that an individualized approach to providing services and supports can be effective for reducing negative police contacts and criminality among gang-involved individuals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48272,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 102384"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143576695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0