Journal of Criminal Justice最新文献

The fear is real (and personal): Concerns about opioid use and addiction experiences among the public* 恐惧是真实的（也是个人的）：公众对阿片类药物使用和成瘾经历的担忧*

IF 2.5 1区社会学

Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2026.102657

Christina Mancini , Nathan Kruis

{"title":"The fear is real (and personal): Concerns about opioid use and addiction experiences among the public*","authors":"Christina Mancini , Nathan Kruis","doi":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2026.102657","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2026.102657","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Examining concern regarding opioids is highly salient given the risk such drugs present to the public. Relatedly, there is a need to understand the experiences of those who have family members struggling with substance use disorder (SUD), particularly opioid use disorder (OUD). Drawing on Kaiser Family Foundation (KFF) survey data, this study explores four research questions. First, what proportion of respondents believe that the U.S. is experiencing an opioid crisis? Second, what factors are associated with this concern? Third, what percent of respondents have family members who are dependent on substances, including prescription pain pills, heroin, and fentanyl? Fourth, what percentage of respondents have experienced worsening mental health, financial situations, and relationships due to addiction, and what variables are associated with these conditions? Most of the sample (53%) expressed concern about the opioid problem. Greater concern was evident across women, members of the LGBT community, lower income respondents, and those who have had familial experiences with SUD/OUD. Approximately 30% of the public had a loved one with SUD/OUD and about 5% reported a personal SUD/OUD history. A majority of participants with a history of self and/or familial drug addiction disclosed that this experience has had an adverse impact on their own mental health (70.7%), their family's financial situation (58.1%), and their relationship with their family (74.9%). The extent of these harms varies by specific factors, which may derive from stigma variation, the impact of differential criminalization, and inequities across service access, as well as socio-demographic characteristics. Implications are discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48272,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":"104 ","pages":"Article 102657"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147802755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

To intervene or not to intervene: Actual and intended bystander responses to sextortion 干预或不干预：实际的和有意的旁观者对性勒索的反应

IF 2.5 1区社会学

Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2026.102661

Valérie Pijlman

{"title":"To intervene or not to intervene: Actual and intended bystander responses to sextortion","authors":"Valérie Pijlman","doi":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2026.102661","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2026.102661","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sextortion refers to threats to share intimate images without consent, often to coerce victims to comply with the perpetrators' demands. Research indicates that sextortion can lead to significant mental health consequences, emphasizing the importance of support-seeking, which may be facilitated by bystander intervention. Although bystander presence in image-based sexual abuse (IBSA), including sextortion, is reported in literature, actual intervention remains low. This may be due to individual, situational, and contextual barriers to intervention. Prior research has primarily examined bystander intervention intent, and little is known about barriers and facilitators to bystander intervention. Therefore, the present study explores both actual and intended bystander intervention. Two surveys were conducted among a representative sample in the Netherlands. In the first survey, sextortion victims (<em>N</em> = 83) described their bystander experiences, identifying low bystander presence (<em>n</em> = 4) with the small number of bystanders showing mostly inaction. The second survey assessed bystander intervention intent in a non-sextortion-victim sample (<em>N</em> = 851) through experimental vignettes that included three manipulations: image origin (self-taken vs. non-consensually taken), bystander-perpetrator relationship (friends vs. non-friends), and image-sharing medium (online vs. offline). Results showed that victim- and perpetrator-focused intervention were more likely than inaction. The bystander-perpetrator relationship functioned as both a barrier and facilitator to bystander intervention intent. Inaction was more likely when offline image-sharing was threatened. Other factors influencing intervention included victim empathy and blame, bystander confidence and responsibility to intervene, as well as bystander gender and sexual orientation. These findings have implications for future research and bystander-focused education campaigns.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48272,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":"104 ","pages":"Article 102661"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147802756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluating policy reforms over time: Multiple event time series regression analysis of justice reinvestment in Indiana and Oregon 政策改革的长期评估：印第安纳州和俄勒冈州司法再投资的多事件时间序列回归分析

IF 2.5 1区社会学

Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2026.102665

Christopher W. Dollar

{"title":"Evaluating policy reforms over time: Multiple event time series regression analysis of justice reinvestment in Indiana and Oregon","authors":"Christopher W. Dollar","doi":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2026.102665","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2026.102665","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study utilizes a multiple event time series regression (METS-R) technique to evaluate if criminal justice policy reforms (justice reinvestment) enacted by two US States, Oregon and Indiana, had successfully affected prison and parole populations.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>ARIMA filtering of periodic autocorrelation and multiple event time series analysis using GLS regression controlling for proximate autocorrelation, multiple events, a comparison state, and spurious economic covariates.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Through the analysis, it was found that justice reinvestment reforms had positive outcomes for both prison and parole populations but the continued success of JR depended how each state reduced the number of people entering prison. Several justice-system and economic events intervened in this process and reduced the overall impact of justice reinvestment.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Diversion programs may present a viable prison reduction strategy for policymakers. However, the more successful implementation of justice reinvestment diverted individuals to parole and provided additional automatic back-end reforms as legal support for decarceration. It was also found that poverty from 4.5 years prior is a significant predictor of incarcerated and parole populations. The METS-R methodology demonstrated here has wide applicability in policy analysis and program evaluation in many social science fields and is foundational concepts are explored. Limitations include lack of understanding full context of policy implementation, needing better economic and crime covariates. This analysis cautions against sweeping claims about the effectiveness of reforms as jurisdictional implementations create wide variability in what “justice reinvestment” means in practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48272,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":"104 ","pages":"Article 102665"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147802758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Conjunctive analysis of case configurations: A systematic quantitative literature review 案例配置的联合分析：系统的定量文献综述

IF 2.5 1区社会学

Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2026.102662

Timothy C. Hart

引用次数: 0

Judicial “remorse bias” and the effects of social cognition on the sentencing of stereotyped defendants 司法“悔恨偏见”与社会认知对定型被告人量刑的影响

IF 2.5 1区社会学

Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2026.102663

Colleen M. Berryessa, Emily Greberman

{"title":"Judicial “remorse bias” and the effects of social cognition on the sentencing of stereotyped defendants","authors":"Colleen M. Berryessa, Emily Greberman","doi":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2026.102663","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2026.102663","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research develops a model of <em>remorse bias</em> for judges during sentencing, specifically examining if and how judges exhibit remorse bias toward defendants with personal characteristics subject to criminal stereotyping and how it could negatively influence their perspectives on sentencing these defendants. Semi-structured interviews with 61 state-level trial court judges in the U.S. were used to develop a qualitative model through a constant comparative method. Results show the developed model of remorse bias links specific characteristics of defendants that “signal” criminality to and are stereotyped by judges to implicit assumptions that their expressions of remorse are insincere or absent, particularly shaped by judges' expectations surrounding conventional cues (e.g., emotional or verbal displays) they use to identify remorse. Judges' assumptions stemmed from the exhibition of two social cognitive processes in their interactions with defendants: <em>Fundamental Attribution Error</em> and <em>Issues with Out-Group Empathy</em>. When judges demonstrated remorse bias in this way, they disregarded defendants' remorse displays and attributed criminality to their fundamental character. Judges then used this as evidence to rethink the goals and modes of sentencing and to support their belief that harsh sentences were appropriate for these defendants. This research supports that judges' assessments of remorse can be highly subjective and meaningfully shaped by cognitive biases stemming from defendants' and judges' backgrounds. In turn, this may aggravate perspectives on sentences and refocus judges' attention on deterrence and retribution. The implications of this model of remorse bias for training and the outcomes for defendants from marginalized backgrounds are discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48272,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":"104 ","pages":"Article 102663"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147802757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Empirically derived effect sizes benchmarks in criminology and criminal justice: Distributional evidence and publication bias 犯罪学和刑事司法的实证效应量基准：分布证据和发表偏倚

IF 2.5 1区社会学

Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2026.102664

Nan Li

{"title":"Empirically derived effect sizes benchmarks in criminology and criminal justice: Distributional evidence and publication bias","authors":"Nan Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2026.102664","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2026.102664","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The current study had two objectives: (1) to propose empirically derived benchmarks for three commonly used effect size metrics—correlation coefficient, standardized mean difference, and odds ratio—within criminology and criminal justice; and (2) to assess the extent to which publication bias, including the file drawer problem and <em>p</em>-hacking, might distort the construction and interpretation of these benchmarks. We extracted 6054 primary effect sizes (2343 correlation coefficients, 1978 standardized mean differences, and 1733 odds ratios) from 94 meta-analyses published in 11 criminology and criminal justice journals. Tertiles were used to classify effect magnitudes as small (< 33rd percentile), medium (33rd–67th percentiles), and large (> 67th percentile). Robust methods were conducted to examine the associations between publication status and effect size, as well as between sample size and effect size. The following benchmarks were proposed: for correlations, values less than 0.130 are small, 0.130 to 0.290 are medium, and 0.290 or greater are large; for standardized mean differences, values less than 0.210 are small, 0.210 to 0.550 are medium, and 0.550 or greater are large; for odds ratios, values less than 1.300 are small, 1.300 to 2.164 are medium, and 2.164 or greater are large. However, evidence of publication bias suggests that these benchmarks may be inflated relative to the true underlying distribution of effects. Empirically derived benchmarks grounded in the observed distribution of effect sizes within criminology and criminal justice offer a discipline-specific reference point that can serve as an informed starting point for interpretation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48272,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":"104 ","pages":"Article 102664"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147802759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Profiles of childhood ecological risk and protective factors in school and home predicting black adolescent delinquency 儿童生态风险及学校和家庭保护因素对黑人青少年犯罪的预测

IF 2.5 1区社会学

Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2026.102660

Naomi M. Ruffin , Morgan Grant , Jamilia J. Blake , Tamika Gilreath , Chendong Li , Wen Luo , Veronika Croan

引用次数: 0

Rational choices in cyberspace: Quantitative insights into targeting and attack behavior among cyber offenders 网络空间的理性选择：网络罪犯目标和攻击行为的定量分析

IF 2.5 1区社会学

Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2026.102621

Priscilla F. Aybar, Rob T. Guerette

{"title":"Rational choices in cyberspace: Quantitative insights into targeting and attack behavior among cyber offenders","authors":"Priscilla F. Aybar, Rob T. Guerette","doi":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2026.102621","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2026.102621","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study empirically tests whether incident-level indicators distinguish the distinct features (i.e., signatures) of state-sponsored and non-state-sponsored cyber actors using the European Repository of Cyber Incidents (EuRepoC; 2000–2024). Drawing on environmental criminology and Rational Choice Theory, we estimate multivariate logistic regression models to assess whether actor type is systematically associated with observable incident characteristics, including disruptive tactics, strategic activity, and targeting patterns. Across models, non-state actors were significantly more likely to employ high-visibility, immediate-impact tactics (e.g., ransomware) and to confirm responsibility for attacks. Whereas, state-sponsored actors were more consistently associated with lower-visibility, strategic activity (e.g., data theft) and a reduced in likelihood of operational disruption. In theory-guided models, expectations regarding disruption-avoidance and strategic-orientation were supported, whereas the expectation that state actors preferentially target state or political systems was not supported. This suggests that actor differentiation may hinge on more visibility and operational trade-offs than on direct target-category preference. These findings provide empirically grounded, incident-level “signatures” that can support early-stage attribution triage and inform actor-differentiated prevention and response strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48272,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":"103 ","pages":"Article 102621"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147399646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Can the interaction of offending propensity and criminogenic exposure explain reoffending among justice-involved adolescents? 犯罪倾向和犯罪源暴露的相互作用能否解释涉事青少年的再犯罪？

IF 2.5 1区社会学

Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2026.102612

Molly McCarthy , Mariel Mateo Pinones , Stephane Shepherd , Troy Allard , Michael Bryden , Mohammed Ali

{"title":"Can the interaction of offending propensity and criminogenic exposure explain reoffending among justice-involved adolescents?","authors":"Molly McCarthy , Mariel Mateo Pinones , Stephane Shepherd , Troy Allard , Michael Bryden , Mohammed Ali","doi":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2026.102612","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2026.102612","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Much of developmental life-course criminology (DLC) research has been devoted to identifying early life and proximal risk factors for adolescent offending, however an understanding of how these risks combine to shape a causal path to offending has been lacking until recently. Wikström and colleagues' Situational Action Theory (SAT) (2012) articulates a causal model of crime, contending that offending behaviour can be predicted by the interaction of an individual's offending propensity and their exposure to criminogenic settings. While evidence has accrued supporting SAT in general population adolescent samples, SAT has not yet been examined in justice-involved adolescent populations, where high frequency offending behaviour is more prevalent. We examined the core proposition of SAT in a sample of 3287 adolescents aged 10 to 16 years who were sentenced to their first supervised youth justice order in Queensland, Australia, drawing on linked youth justice data, proven offences and assessments undertaken using the YLS-CMI, a structured assessment tool designed to capture risks of antisocial behaviour. A series of OLS regression models with robust standard errors was used to examine how indicators of offending propensity and criminogenic exposure predict reoffending among youth justice-involved adolescents.</div><div>Results indicated a significant interaction between offending propensity and criminogenic exposure on reoffending in justice-involved adolescents, supporting the central proposition of SAT. However, strong main effects for criminogenic exposure emerged, with offending propensity having less relative influence on reoffending. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48272,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":"103 ","pages":"Article 102612"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146190578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Striking or grappling? Comparing public and officers' perceptions of police use of force 打还是抓？比较公众和警察对警察使用武力的看法

IF 2.5 1区社会学

Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2026.102601

Joe Eleuterio-da-Rocha, Peter T. Tanksley, M. Hunter Martaindale, Jack Johncox, J. Pete Blair

{"title":"Striking or grappling? Comparing public and officers' perceptions of police use of force","authors":"Joe Eleuterio-da-Rocha, Peter T. Tanksley, M. Hunter Martaindale, Jack Johncox, J. Pete Blair","doi":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2026.102601","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2026.102601","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Police officers use physical arrest and control techniques far more often than firearms, yet public understanding of how people judge these actions is limited, specifically regarding different styles of unarmed arrest. This study examined how civilians and law enforcement officers evaluate different types of police use of force, focusing on whether opinions change depending on the kind of technique used. Using short video clips of the same police encounter, the study employed a 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 experimental design that varied by officer race (Black or White), suspect race (Black or White), type of force used (striking, operationalized as a punch, or grappling, operationalized as a double-leg takedown), and video format (complete or segmented vignette). Civilians (<em>n</em> = 996) and officers (<em>n</em> = 744) randomly watched one of these videos and rated the officer's performance and response. Both groups viewed grappling as more appropriate and professional than striking. Grappling officers were more likely to have their performance rated as “excellent” than striking officers in both the civilian (48.2% vs. 34.1% of responses) and law enforcement samples (66.5% vs. 42.9%). Officer and suspect race did not significantly affect judgments, though officers' ratings were influenced by whether they saw the full or edited version of the video. Few participants supported disciplinary action against the officer, though civilians were more likely to recommend additional training. Overall, the findings show that people's reactions to police use of force depend heavily on how the force looks—not just whether it is legally justified—highlighting the importance of context and perception in public and professional evaluations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48272,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":"103 ","pages":"Article 102601"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146080957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0