Journal of Criminal Justice最新文献_第2页

Was it a washout? Analyzing the influence of a high intensity, countywide gang crackdown on the formation of new co-offending relationships 这是一次失败吗？分析高强度、全县范围的帮派打击对新共犯关系形成的影响

IF 3.3 1区社会学

Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102423

Thomas Bryan Smith

{"title":"Was it a washout? Analyzing the influence of a high intensity, countywide gang crackdown on the formation of new co-offending relationships","authors":"Thomas Bryan Smith","doi":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102423","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102423","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>In 2021, the US Marshals Service (USMS) partnered with law enforcement agencies across Galveston County, TX to conduct Operation Washout (OW), a 10-day operation intended to reduce violent crime through the execution of arrest warrants targeting gang members, firearm, and drug law violators. This study examines the impact of OW on the co-offending of OW arrestees.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Arrest data for all of Galveston County are scraped from Police2Citizen Bulletins and used to construct pre- and post-OW co-offending networks. Networks consist of individuals arrested during the intervention, as well as all co-offenders in distance one or two. Stochastic actor-oriented models are estimated to model the formation of new co-offending relationships.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Arrest during the operation was generally associated with a reduced likelihood of forming new co-offending ties. The probability of forming new co-offending ties following OW was greater among operational targets than non-target fugitives and non-fugitive arrestees apprehended during the intervention. The estimated effect of OW on targets' co-offending was insignificant.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Consistent with research on Operation Triple Beam, USMS-led fugitive operations effectively target higher priority fugitives. Despite the selection of appropriate operational targets, fugitives' ability to forge new co-offending relationships appears unimpeded by arrest – barring the requisite period of incapacitation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48272,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 102423"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143903522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring child welfare pathways and dual system involvement 探索儿童福利途径和双系统参与

IF 3.3 1区社会学

Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102421

Denise C. Herz , Andrea Lane Eastman , Himal Suthar , Jacquelyn McCroskey

{"title":"Exploring child welfare pathways and dual system involvement","authors":"Denise C. Herz , Andrea Lane Eastman , Himal Suthar , Jacquelyn McCroskey","doi":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102421","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102421","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This study used sequence analysis to explore whether the timing and nature of child protective services (CPS) experiences led to CPS pathways and differential rates of juvenile justice involvement (i.e., dual system involvement).</div></div><div><h3>Data & methods</h3><div>Retrospective cohorts of young people born between 1998 and 2001 and involved with CPS in Los Angeles County between birth and 18 were identified. Subsequent DSI was measured using linked administrative data from probation. Sequence analysis was applied prospectively to analyze how CPS experiences manifested into CPS pathways.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Four CPS pathways were produced: (1) Early Exit Pathway; (2) Childhood Limited Pathway; (3) Adolescent Pathway; and (4) Persistent (from childhood into adolescence) Pathway. The DSI rate was 5.0 %; however, DSI rates varied across pathways. The lowest rate was found for the Early Exit Pathway (1.5 %), and the rate for the Persistent Pathway was the highest (12.0 %). All pathways had increased likelihoods for DSI compared to the Early Exit Pathway, but the Persistent Pathway had largest likelihood increase.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Youth with persistent CPS involvement had the highest likelihood of DSI while those in the Adolescent Pathway accounted for the largest share of DSI. Findings highlight the importance of developmentally tailored strategies that respond to the timing of CPS involvement to reduce DSI.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48272,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 102421"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143937731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

From theory to conceptualization, through operationalization: Comparing indicators of desistance from crime 从理论到概念化，再到操作化：对犯罪制止指标的比较

IF 3.3 1区社会学

Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102428

Marie-Ève Dubois , Frédéric Ouellet , Marc LeBlanc

{"title":"From theory to conceptualization, through operationalization: Comparing indicators of desistance from crime","authors":"Marie-Ève Dubois , Frédéric Ouellet , Marc LeBlanc","doi":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102428","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102428","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Appreciating the development of the literature on desistance and producing scientific research in the context of conceptual and operational instability is a complex exercise. Several constraints affect the choice of operationalization, including the characteristics of available data. Beyond the search for a perfect or consensual measure, it becomes imperative to understand how the definitional and conceptual choices shape and limit studies. The current analysis contributes to this literature by comparing three operationalization strategies for desistance from crime in quantitative and longitudinal designs: a binary measure of participation in delinquency, a scale measure of the versatility of offending, and a scale measure of the intensity of offending (original measure combining versatility and frequency of offending). Taxonomies of multilevel models for change were conducted with a subsample of data collected as part of the Montreal Two Samples Four Generations Cross-sectional and Longitudinal Studies to predict desistance as a function of age and various sets of common time-varying (level 1) and time-stable (level 2) independent variables. Results show differences in the capacity of every measure to capture desistance, and predictors vary in nature and number according to the predicted outcome (participation, versatility or intensity). Overall, results tend to indicate that the various measures are complementary; they provide a more complete picture of desistance as they capture different aspects or phases of the phenomenon. The strengths and limitations of each operationalization strategy are discussed. Relevant direction for further research considering the conceptual and operational diversity in this field of study are suggested.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48272,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 102428"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143941086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The sentencing of emerging adult offenders: The impact of youthfulness on sentence departures 初出期成年罪犯的量刑：年轻对减刑的影响

IF 3.3 1区社会学

Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102435

Yu Du , Megan Kurlychek

{"title":"The sentencing of emerging adult offenders: The impact of youthfulness on sentence departures","authors":"Yu Du , Megan Kurlychek","doi":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102435","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102435","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This paper explores whether or not offenders in the stage of “emerging adulthood”, defined by brain science as the period between 18 and 25 are sentenced differently than older adults. While brain science suggests these individuals have reduced cognitive capacity and may benefit from leniency, sentencing theory suggests that because of this reduced decision-making capacity they may be seen as more dangerous by judges and therefor receive more severe sentences.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We use data from the Pennsylvania Commission on Sentencing from 2015 through 2019 to assess whether judges' sentence these offenders within the recommended guideline range that is age blind or provided either mitigated or aggravated sentencing.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Our findings show that this time of life is impactful for sentencing but perhaps not in the way brain science would suggest. Rather than these emerging adults receiving mitigated sentences, they are more likely to receive harsher sentences than older adults.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>We conclude that in the absence of policy to acknowledge this stage of life and its particular potential for rehabilitation, young offenders will continue to be sentences in disparate ways.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48272,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 102435"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144068631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Beware the truth effect: Why efforts to debunk rape myths may backfire 小心真相效应：为什么揭穿强奸神话的努力可能适得其反

IF 3.3 1区社会学

Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2025-04-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102409

Barbara Krahé

{"title":"Beware the truth effect: Why efforts to debunk rape myths may backfire","authors":"Barbara Krahé","doi":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102409","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102409","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rape myths, defined as statements about sexual assault that trivialize sexual assault and denigrate victims, have been identified as risk factors for primary and secondary victimization and obstacles to the fair processing of sexual assault cases in the criminal justice system. To dispel rape myths, a widely used strategy in public information campaigns as well as jury instructions is the “myths vs. facts” (MvsF) approach in which rape myths are first presented and then contradicted by alternative factual information. This approach has high face validity, but it has not been subjected to systematic evaluation. This paper reviews evidence from social cognition and communication science on the “truth effect” which indicates that presenting myths prior to refuting them may be counterproductive because they may be misremembered as facts and used to evaluate sexual assault cases, thereby strengthening rather than reducing the acceptance of rape myths. Both motivational and cognitive processes explaining the truth effect are presented. Strategies for avoiding the truth effect and alternative approaches for dispelling rape myths as well as directions for future research are discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48272,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 102409"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143882455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The links between sleep, self-control, and internalizing/externalizing problems: A meta-analysis 睡眠、自我控制和内在化/外在化问题之间的联系：一项元分析

IF 3.3 1区社会学

Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2025-04-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102416

Alexander T. Vazsonyi, Hossein Dabiriyan Tehrani, Sara Yamini

{"title":"The links between sleep, self-control, and internalizing/externalizing problems: A meta-analysis","authors":"Alexander T. Vazsonyi, Hossein Dabiriyan Tehrani, Sara Yamini","doi":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102416","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102416","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study tested the direct and indirect relationships between sleep, self-control, internalizing (depression, anxiety, media addiction, obsessive-compulsive thoughts, negative affect, and procrastination) and externalizing problems (media misuse, violence, general crime, and academic problems), thus whether self-control attenuated the direct relationship between sleep and these behaviors; it also tested for moderation effects in these links. Based on 37 studies for internalizing and 16 studies for externalizing problems, with <em>N</em> = 36,487 and <em>N</em> = 32,793 participants, the study used Meta-Analytic Structural Equation Modeling to address methodological limitations of previous bivariate meta-analyses. One Stage Meta-Analytic Structural Equation Modeling (OSMASEM) provided evidence that sleep was negatively associated with internalizing problems, both directly and indirectly via self-control (<em>β</em> = −0.17 and <em>β</em> = −0.05, respectively). Sleep was also negatively associated with externalizing problems, again both directly and indirectly via self-control (<em>β</em> = −0.12, and <em>β</em> = −0.04, respectively). Thus, self-control attenuated the relationship between sleep and internalizing as well as externalizing problems. Sleep is directly and indirectly associated with internalizing as well as externalizing problems, and this relationship is only partially attenuated by self-control. Both sleep and self-control are salient when considering preventative and intervention efforts for internalizing and externalizing problems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48272,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 102416"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143882456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Delineating the paradox: Gauging foreign nationals' “Target Suitability” to robbery in the United States 描述悖论：衡量外国人在美国抢劫的“目标适宜性”

IF 3.3 1区社会学

Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2025-04-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102414

Krystlelynn Caraballo

{"title":"Delineating the paradox: Gauging foreign nationals' “Target Suitability” to robbery in the United States","authors":"Krystlelynn Caraballo","doi":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102414","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102414","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Robbery is among the most researched crimes in the criminological literature, with increasing attention on foreign-born robbery victims. However, prior work has been limited by ungeneralizable samples that either do not include foreign nationals, or aggregate migrants across statuses into a single “foreign-born” group. Drawing from the National Latino and Asian American Survey (NLAAS), this study contributes to our knowledge of foreign nationals' “target suitability” by a) using five proxy statuses coded based on the parameters of U.S. Immigration Laws to make intra-group comparisons, b) drawing from prior robbery research to examine historical and migrant-specific risk factors, and c) using a nationally representative dataset that oversampled foreign-born Latinx and Asian individuals. This study examines two research questions: Do robbery outcomes in the U.S. vary across foreign-born groups based on legal status? Which vulnerabilities are the strongest predictors of foreign nationals' robbery victimization in the United States? Weighted descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression models were estimated using STATA 17. The results suggest that refugees have the greatest likelihood of U.S.-based robbery. Among migrant-specific vulnerabilities, years in the U.S. and being questioned about legal status were significant, suggesting that opportunity and stereotyping may play important roles in victimization. The methodological, theoretical, and policy implications of these findings are discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48272,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 102414"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143874944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Differential compliance with the reporting of hate crime statistics as a function of state laws 各州法律对仇恨犯罪统计数据报告的不同遵守情况

IF 3.3 1区社会学

Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2025-04-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102415

Matthew Vanden Bosch, Brendan Lantz

{"title":"Differential compliance with the reporting of hate crime statistics as a function of state laws","authors":"Matthew Vanden Bosch, Brendan Lantz","doi":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102415","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102415","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Organizational compliance with legislative mandates relies heavily on organizational meaning-making, where organizations determine how to comply – whether “ceremoniously” or in reality – while protecting organizational goals from legislative interference. The present work examines an example of this problem in the form of police compliance with federal hate crime data collection, conceptualizing this problem as a product of the “law-in-between.” Specifically, we focus on how variation in state-level policies impact police compliance with hate crime reporting. Results indicate that state laws can be influential in determining compliance strategies, in some cases decreasing ceremonious reporting behavior. First, we find that the presence of a law reduces the likelihood of ceremonious compliance, but increases non-compliance and true compliance. Second, while compliance strategies were largely unaffected by which groups were included, the inclusion of gender as a protected category was associated with reduced ceremonious compliance. Most importantly, results indicate that the inclusion of mandatory police training in hate crime legislation is associated with increased true compliance, relative to ceremonious compliance and non-compliance, suggesting policy implications for improving reporting. These results have implications for understanding institutional responses to legislative mandates broadly, as well as criminal justice agency responses to crime and hate crimes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48272,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 102415"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143868431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring crime through physical and social neighborhood factors: Greenspace and social disconnection in Los Angeles 通过物理和社会邻里因素探索犯罪：洛杉矶的绿色空间和社会脱节

IF 3.3 1区社会学

Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2025-04-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102410

James C. Wo , Young-An Kim , Mark T. Berg

{"title":"Exploring crime through physical and social neighborhood factors: Greenspace and social disconnection in Los Angeles","authors":"James C. Wo , Young-An Kim , Mark T. Berg","doi":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102410","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102410","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This study examines how crime varies across Los Angeles census tracts, emphasizing two key neighborhood characteristics: (1) greenspace as a feature of the physical environment and (2) social disconnection as a measure of resident interaction.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We employ negative binomial regression models to assess the effects of greenspace and social disconnection on violent and property crime. Greenspace is measured using two indicators: the percentage of tree canopy and the percentage of grass within census tracts. These measures are analyzed alongside social disconnection and additional neighborhood characteristics.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Findings indicate that both tree canopy and grass are associated with lower counts of violent and property crimes. In contrast, social disconnection does not demonstrate a significant relationship with either crime outcome. Additionally, the crime-reducing effect of tree canopy is most pronounced in neighborhoods with high levels of poverty, highlighting the role of socioeconomic conditions in shaping its impact.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The findings support routine activities theory and opportunity perspectives, as greenspace effects—most notably for tree canopy—were not only statistically significant but also substantial compared to other common predictors of crime. Given its crime-reducing potential, policymakers may consider greenspace as a strategy for “designing out crime” through urban planning.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48272,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Criminal Justice","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 102410"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143868407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Case dismissal and noncarceral sentences: High volume, low visibility decision-making in a large urban court 案件驳回和非故意判决：在大型城市法院中，大量、低可见度的决策

IF 3.3 1区社会学

Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2025-04-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102411

Richard D. Hartley, Marie Skubak Tillyer, Brandon Tregle, Michael R. Smith

引用次数: 0