Sociohistorical context and post-prison life course

IF 3.3 1区社会学 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY

Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2024-10-25 DOI:10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2024.102312

Riku Laine , Mikko Aaltonen , Mikko Myrskylä , Pekka Martikainen

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Life-course criminology has recently begun to focus on sociohistorical context, with the use of multi-cohort studies. However, those studies have mostly concentrated on aggregate crime rates. Desistance research, in turn, has largely overlooked the impact of the broader sociohistorical context. Based on recent work on the effect of sociohistorical context on crime rates, we propose that context may shape desistance and social reintegration in a nuanced way.

We examined employment, housing, and marriages among Finnish first-time prisoners released between 1995 and 2014 (N = 23,350) until 2019. We quantified the link between selected macro-level indicators and these outcomes using age-period-cohort models.

The results showed that the outcomes evolved in separate ways post-release. Employment and marriage became more common over time, but only employment showed distinct periodical changes. The probability of living in housing remained stable. A higher level of national unemployment was associated with all outcomes. The association between prisoner characteristics and the outcomes changed depending on release year.

Post-prison societal integration should not be assessed by one measure alone. Desistance studies should address societal context when comparing different times or countries. Early studies may require replication if the associations between demographic factors and desistance outcomes are subject to change.

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社会历史背景和入狱后的生活历程

生命历程犯罪学最近开始关注社会历史背景，采用多队列研究。然而，这些研究大多集中于总体犯罪率。反过来，对逃亡的研究在很大程度上忽视了更广泛的社会历史背景的影响。基于最近关于社会历史背景对犯罪率影响的研究，我们提出，社会历史背景可能会以一种细致入微的方式影响脱罪和重新融入社会的情况。我们研究了芬兰1995年至2014年间首次获释的囚犯（N = 23,350）直至2019年的就业、住房和婚姻情况。我们使用年龄-时期-队列模型量化了选定的宏观指标与这些结果之间的联系。随着时间的推移，就业和婚姻变得更加普遍，但只有就业出现了明显的周期性变化。住房概率保持稳定。较高的全国失业率与所有结果都有关联。囚犯特征与结果之间的关联因释放年份的不同而变化。在比较不同时期或不同国家的情况时，脱管研究应考虑到社会背景。如果人口统计因素与逃亡结果之间的关联会发生变化，则可能需要重复早期研究。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Criminal Justice CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY-

CiteScore

6.90

自引率

9.10%

发文量

审稿时长

23 days

期刊介绍： The Journal of Criminal Justice is an international journal intended to fill the present need for the dissemination of new information, ideas and methods, to both practitioners and academicians in the criminal justice area. The Journal is concerned with all aspects of the criminal justice system in terms of their relationships to each other. Although materials are presented relating to crime and the individual elements of the criminal justice system, the emphasis of the Journal is to tie together the functioning of these elements and to illustrate the effects of their interactions. Articles that reflect the application of new disciplines or analytical methodologies to the problems of criminal justice are of special interest. Since the purpose of the Journal is to provide a forum for the dissemination of new ideas, new information, and the application of new methods to the problems and functions of the criminal justice system, the Journal emphasizes innovation and creative thought of the highest quality.