Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome-Clinical Research & Reviews最新文献

{"title":"Association between urate-lowering therapy initiation and all-cause mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes and asymptomatic hyperuricemia","authors":"Ruixuan Chen ,&nbsp;Sheng Nie ,&nbsp;Shiyu Zhou ,&nbsp;Licong Su ,&nbsp;Yanqin Li ,&nbsp;Xiaodong Zhang ,&nbsp;Fan Luo ,&nbsp;Ruqi Xu ,&nbsp;Qi Gao ,&nbsp;Yuxin Lin ,&nbsp;Zhixin Guo ,&nbsp;Lisha Cao ,&nbsp;Xin Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.dsx.2024.103043","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dsx.2024.103043","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aims</h3><p>To assess the relationships between urate-lowering therapy (ULT) initiation with all-cause mortality in patients with asymptomatic hyperuricemia and Type 2 Diabetes (T2D).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This nationwide retrospective cohort study involved patients with T2D and asymptomatic hyperuricemia from 19 academic hospitals across China between 2000 and 2021. The primary exposure was ULT initiation, including allopurinol, febuxostat, or benzbromarone. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality. The secondary outcomes were cardiovascular (CV) and non-CV mortality. Propensity score matching was employed to create a 1:2 matched cohort with balanced likelihood of ULT initiation. Associations between ULT initiation with all-cause and CV mortality were assessed in the matched cohort.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Among 42 507 patients, 5028 initiated ULT and 37 479 did not. In the matched cohort, comprising 4871 ULT initiators and 9047 noninitiators, ULT initiation was significantly associated with reduced risk of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR] 0.77; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.71–0.84), CV mortality (HR 0.86; 95% CI, 0.76–0.97), and non-CV mortality (HR 0.72; 95% CI, 0.64–0.80) over an average 3.0 years of follow-up. Among the ULT initiators, post-treatment SUA levels of 360–420 μmol/L was related to a significantly lower risk for all-cause mortality compared to levels &gt;420 μmol/L (HR 0.74; 95% CI, 0.59–0.94) while levels ≤360 μmol/L did not (HR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.81–1.14), suggesting a U-shaped relationship.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Initiating ULT was associated with a significant reduction in all-cause mortality in patients with T2D and asymptomatic hyperuricemia. Notably, maintaining post-treatment SUA concentrations within 360–420 μmol/L could potentially enhance this reduced mortality.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48252,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome-Clinical Research & Reviews","volume":"18 6","pages":"Article 103043"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141131877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Semaglutide for the prevention of atrial fibrillation: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Hong-Da Zhang ,&nbsp;Lei Ding ,&nbsp;Ke Liu ,&nbsp;Li-Jie Mi ,&nbsp;Ai-Kai Zhang ,&nbsp;Feng-Yuan Yu ,&nbsp;Xin-Xin Yan ,&nbsp;Fu-Hua Peng ,&nbsp;Yu-Jing Shen ,&nbsp;Min Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.dsx.2024.103067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2024.103067","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Semaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, is reported to have cardiac benefits, but its effects on preventing atrial fibrillation (AF) remain inconclusive. This study aimed to investigate whether semaglutide can prevent AF occurrence in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), obesity, or overweight.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane CENTRAL database, and clinicaltrials.gov from inception to December 29, 2023. Randomized controlled trials of semaglutide in patients with T2DM, obesity, or overweight were included. The primary outcome was AF occurrence. Relative risks (RRs) with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for the overall population and subgroups.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Twenty-one trials comprising 25957 patients were included. In the overall pooled analysis, semaglutide decreased AF occurrence compared to control drugs (RR 0.70, 95 % CI 0.52–0.95). This result was consistent in trials using other antihyperglycemic medications as controls (RR 0.43, 95 % CI 0.21–0.89), but not in placebo-controlled trials (RR 0.77, 95 % CI 0.56–1.07). The outcome was favorable for patients with T2DM (RR 0.71, 95 % CI 0.52–0.97), but not for patients with overweight or obesity (RR 0.56, 95 % CI 0.18–1.73). Results varied by type of semaglutide, with oral semaglutide showing an RR of 0.49 (95 % CI 0.25–0.97) and subcutaneous semaglutide showing an RR of 0.77 (95 % CI 0.55–1.07).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Semaglutide was associated with a reduced risk of AF occurrence in the overall analysis. Favorable outcomes were observed in subsets using other antihyperglycemic medications as controls, in patients with T2DM, and with oral semaglutide.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48252,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome-Clinical Research & Reviews","volume":"18 6","pages":"Article 103067"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141480292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of fixed-ratio insulin combinations on adherence in type 2 diabetes: Systematic review","authors":"Mohamed Elamin ,&nbsp;Maxwell S. Barnish","doi":"10.1016/j.dsx.2024.103072","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dsx.2024.103072","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aims</h3><p>To systematically review evidence on the effect of fixed-ratio combinations on adherence in people with type 2 diabetes.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Systematic searches were conducted using MEDLINE and EMBASE in March 2023. Standardised screening, data extraction and risk of bias assessment were conducted. All review procedures were conducted independently by two reviewers. Eligible studies assessed the effect of fixed-ratio combinations on adherence in people with type 2 diabetes. Narrative synthesis was conducted to analyse findings.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 488 records were identified, of which 37 proceeded to full-text screening and 7 – each representing a unique study – were included in the systematic review. Among the included studies, 3 were randomised controlled trials and 4 were cohort studies. Following narrative synthesis, it was shown that fixed-ratio combinations improved patient satisfaction and treatment adherence.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Available evidence supports a benefit for fixed-ratio combinations on patient satisfaction and treatment adherence in people with type 2 diabetes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48252,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome-Clinical Research & Reviews","volume":"18 6","pages":"Article 103072"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1871402124001334/pdfft?md5=7701ca61dd31693a44417017e476bbc0&pid=1-s2.0-S1871402124001334-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141623140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of low carbohydrate diet score with the risk of type 2 diabetes in an Australian population: A longitudinal study","authors":"Robel Hussen Kabthymer ,&nbsp;Md Nazmul Karim ,&nbsp;Catherine Itsiopoulos ,&nbsp;Allison M. Hodge ,&nbsp;Barbora De Courten","doi":"10.1016/j.dsx.2024.103049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2024.103049","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aims</h3><p>We aimed to assess the association of a low carbohydrate diet score (LCD) with the incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) using Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study (MCCS) data.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Between 1990 and 1994, the MCCS recruited 41,513 people aged 40–69 years. The first and second follow-ups were conducted in 1995–1998 and 2003–2007, respectively. We analyzed data from 39,185 participants. LCD score was calculated at baseline as the percentage of energy from carbohydrate, fat, and protein. The higher the score the less percentage of carbohydrates contributed to energy intake. The association of LCD quintiles with the incidence of diabetes was assessed using modified Poisson regression, adjusted for lifestyle, obesity, socioeconomic and other confounders. Mediation of the association by adiposity (BMI) was assessed.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>LCD was positively associated with diabetes risk. Higher LCD score (p for trend = 0.001) was associated with increased risk of T2D. Quintile 5 (38 % energy from carbohydrates) versus quintile 1 (55 % energy from carbohydrates) showed a 20 % increased diabetes risk (incidence risk ratio (IRR) = 1.20 (95 % CI: 1.05–1.37)). A further adjustment for BMI (Body Mass Index) and WHR (Waist-to-Hip-Ratio) eliminated the association. Mediation analysis demonstrated that BMI mediated 76 % of the LCD &amp; diabetes association.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Consuming a low carbohydrate diet, reflected as a high LCD score, may increase the risk of T2D which is largely explained by obesity. Results highlight the need for further studies, including clinical trials investigating the effects of a low carbohydrate diet in T2D.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48252,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome-Clinical Research & Reviews","volume":"18 6","pages":"Article 103049"},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1871402124001103/pdfft?md5=f6e18ba59ea86e7fcb9ba655d0d678bd&pid=1-s2.0-S1871402124001103-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141244405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postpartum glycemic and cardiometabolic profile of women testing positive for gestational diabetes mellitus by International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups (IADPSG) but negative by alternate criteria: Insights from CHIP–F study","authors":"Yashdeep Gupta ,&nbsp;Alpesh Goyal ,&nbsp;Samita Ambekar ,&nbsp;Mani Kalaivani ,&nbsp;Neerja Bhatla ,&nbsp;Nikhil Tandon","doi":"10.1016/j.dsx.2024.103064","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dsx.2024.103064","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To evaluate burden of postpartum diabetes and other cardiometabolic risk factors among women who test positive for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) by International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups (IADPSG) criteria, but negative by alternate criteria.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted from 2019 to 2022 and is a sub-study of the CHIP–F cohort (Cohort Study of Indian Women with Hyperglycemia in Pregnancy and their Families).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Study participants (n = 826; 183 with normoglycemia and 643 with GDM using IADPSG criteria) were evaluated at a median (IQR) postpartum interval of 31 (21–45) months. Using the United Kingdom National Institute of Health and Care Excellence (UK NICE), Canadian Diabetes Association (CDA), and Diabetes in Pregnancy Study Group India (DIPSI) criteria, 251 (39.0 %), 148 (23.0 %) and 384 (59.7 %) women who tested positive for GDM by IADPSG criteria, would have tested negative. The incidence of postpartum diabetes among such women was 30.4, 34.3, and 48.2 per 1000 women-years, respectively, which was significantly higher than those testing negative by both IADPSG and UK NICE (5.0 per 1000 women-years), IADPSG and CDA (9.2/1000 women-years) and IADPSG and DIPSI criteria (5.0/1000 women-years). The burden of obesity and metabolic syndrome was also significantly higher in such women.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>We found a significant burden of postpartum diabetes and cardiometabolic risk factors among women who tested positive for GDM by IADPSG, but negative by alternate criteria. There are potential clinical implications of a “failed” diagnosis for future cardiometabolic diseases that need to be carefully examined.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48252,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome-Clinical Research & Reviews","volume":"18 6","pages":"Article 103064"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141499285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Joint association of diabetes mellitus and inflammation status with biological ageing acceleration and premature mortality","authors":"Fan Tang ,&nbsp;Shuang Yang ,&nbsp;Hongbin Qiu ,&nbsp;Yan Liu ,&nbsp;Shaohong Fang ,&nbsp;Yiying Zhang ,&nbsp;Shanjie Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.dsx.2024.103050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2024.103050","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>We aimed to investigate the associations of diabetes mellitus (DM) and C-reactive protein (CRP) with biological ageing acceleration and mortality risk.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We analyzed data from 41,634 adults with CRP and DM at baseline. Subjects were categorized into high CRP (&gt;3 mg/L) and low CRP (≤3 mg/L) groups. The cross-sectional endpoints of the study were biological ageing indicators Klemera-Doubal method BioAge acceleration (KDMAccel) and Phenotypic age acceleration (PhenoAgeAccel), and the follow-up endpoints were all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In adults with high CRP, compared with those without DM, PhenoAgeAccel increased by 1.66 years (95 % CI: 1.38–1.93), and 8.74 years (95 % CI: 8.25–9.22) in adults with prediabetes and DM, respectively (p for interaction &lt;0.001). Using the CRP_low/non-DM group as a reference, adults in the CRP_high/non-DM, CRP_low/DM, and CRP_high/DM groups had significantly advanced biological ageing. Compared to adults without DM, low CRP, and no ageing acceleration, the multivariable-adjusted HRs (95%CIs) of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in those with DM, CRP, and ageing acceleration were 3.22 (2.79–3.72), and 3.57 (2.81–4.54), respectively.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>These findings suggest that the joint presence of low-grade inflammation and DM might be associated with higher odds of biological ageing acceleration and premature mortality.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48252,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome-Clinical Research & Reviews","volume":"18 6","pages":"Article 103050"},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141244389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist and new-onset diabetes in overweight/obese individuals with prediabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials","authors":"Theo Audi Yanto ,&nbsp;Akhil Deepak Vatvani ,&nbsp;Timotius Ivan Hariyanto ,&nbsp;Ketut Suastika","doi":"10.1016/j.dsx.2024.103069","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dsx.2024.103069","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) is incretin-based therapy that possessed significant glucose lowering and weight loss properties. The present study aims to analyze the efficacy of GLP-1RA in the management of overweight/obese individuals with prediabetes.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A thorough search was carried out on the Cochrane Library, <span>ClinicalTrials.gov</span><svg><path></path></svg>, Scopus, and Medline databases until April 3rd, 2024, using a mix of pertinent keywords. This review incorporates randomized clinical trials (RCTs) concerning the efficacy of GLP-1RA for prediabetes. The primary outcome was regression to normoglycemia and/or progression to type 2 diabetes (T2D). We used random-effect models to examine the odds ratio (OR) and mean difference (MD).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of eight RCTs were incorporated. The results of our meta-analysis indicated that GLP-1RA therapy was associated with higher odds of regression to normoglycemia (OR 4.80; 95%CI: 3.40–6.77, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.00001, <em>I</em>^<em>2</em> = 67 %) and lower risk of progression into T2D (OR 0.27; 95%CI: 0.18–0.42, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.00001, <em>I</em>^<em>2</em> = 0 %) in overweight/obese individuals with prediabetes. Administration of GLP-1RA was also associated with higher reduction in HbA1c (MD -0.28 %; <em>p</em> &lt; 0.00001), fasting glucose (MD -0.45 mmol/L; <em>p</em> &lt; 0.00001), and BMI (MD -1.71 kg/m²; <em>p</em> &lt; 0.00001) in comparison to placebo. However, the administration of GLP-1RA was associated with higher incidence of total adverse events (TAEs), treatment discontinuation due to AEs, hypoglycemia, and gastrointestinal AEs.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This study indicates that while GLP-1RA is a potent therapeutic agent for prediabetes, its adverse effects are concerning, thereby precluding its recommendation as a prediabetes therapy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48252,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome-Clinical Research & Reviews","volume":"18 6","pages":"Article 103069"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141535707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hospital-treated infectious diseases, genetic susceptibility and risk of type 2 diabetes: A population-based longitudinal study","authors":"Jiazhen Zheng ,&nbsp;Quan Yang ,&nbsp;Jinghan Huang ,&nbsp;Hengying Chen ,&nbsp;Junchun Shen ,&nbsp;Shaojun Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.dsx.2024.103063","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dsx.2024.103063","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The longitudinal association between infectious diseases and the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) remains unclear.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Based on the UK Biobank, the prospective cohort study included a total of 396,080 participants without diabetes at baseline. We determined the types and sites of infectious diseases and incident T2D using the International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision codes (ICD-10). Time-varying Cox proportional hazard model was used to assess the association. Infection burden was defined as the number of infection episodes over time and the number of co-occurring infections. Genetic risk score (GRS) for T2D consisted of 424 single nucleotide polymorphisms.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>During a median of 9.04 [IQR, 8.3–9.7] years of follow-up, hospital-treated infectious diseases were associated with a greater risk of T2D (adjusted HR [aHR] 1.54 [95 % CI 1.46–1.61]), with risk difference per 10,000 individuals equal to 154.1 [95 % CI 140.7–168.2]. The heightened risk persisted after 5 years following the index infection. Bacterial infection with sepsis had the strongest risk of T2D (aHR 2.95 [95 % CI 2.53–3.44]) among different infection types. For site-specific analysis, bloodstream infections posed the greatest risk (3.01 [95 % CI 2.60–3.48]). A dose-response association was observed between infection burden and T2D risk within each GRS tertile (p-trend &lt;0.001). High genetic risk and infection synergistically increased the T2D risk.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Infectious diseases were associated with an increased risk of subsequent T2D. The risk showed specificity according to types, sites, severity of infection and the period since infection occurred. A potential accumulative effect of infection was revealed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48252,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome-Clinical Research & Reviews","volume":"18 6","pages":"Article 103063"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141414538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in serum lipids following consumption of coconut oil and palm olein oil: A sequential feeding crossover clinical trial","authors":"Hasinthi Swarnamali ,&nbsp;Priyanga Ranasinghe ,&nbsp;Ranil Jayawardena","doi":"10.1016/j.dsx.2024.103070","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dsx.2024.103070","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>High incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in South Asia is linked to genetic predisposition and diets high in saturated fatty acids (SFAs). Increased CVD prevalence correlates with rising palm oil consumption in some South Asian countries, where coconut oil and palm olein oil are primary SFA sources.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Compare the effects of coconut oil and palm olein oil on serum lipoprotein lipids and biochemical parameters in healthy adults.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A sequential feeding crossover clinical trial with two feeding periods of 8 weeks each was conducted among 40 healthy adults. Participants were provided palm olein oil in the first feeding period followed by coconut oil with a 16-week washout period in between. The outcomes measured were the difference in serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), total cholesterol (TC) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), TC/HDL-C ratio, triglycerides (TG), very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and liver enzymes.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Thirty-seven participants completed the study. LDL-C decreased by 13.0 % with palm olein oil (p &lt; 0.001) and increased by 5.6 % with coconut oil (p = 0.044), showing a significant difference (p &lt; 0.001). TC decreased by 9.9 % with palm olein oil (p &lt; 0.001) and increased by 4.0 % with coconut oil (p = 0.044).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Palm olein oil consumption resulted in more favorable changes in lipid-related CVD risk factors (TC, LDL-C, TC:HDL-C, and FPG) compared to coconut oil.</p><p>Clinical Trial Registry number and website where it was obtained: (SLCTR/2019/034); <span>https://slctr.lk/trials/slctr-2019-034</span><svg><path></path></svg>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48252,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome-Clinical Research & Reviews","volume":"18 6","pages":"Article 103070"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141564839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First-trimester fasting plasma glucose as a predictor of subsequent gestational diabetes mellitus and adverse fetomaternal outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Saptarshi Bhattacharya ,&nbsp;Lakshmi Nagendra ,&nbsp;Deep Dutta ,&nbsp;Sunetra Mondal ,&nbsp;Sowrabha Bhat ,&nbsp;John Michael Raj ,&nbsp;Hiya Boro ,&nbsp;A.B.M. Kamrul-Hasan ,&nbsp;Sanjay Kalra","doi":"10.1016/j.dsx.2024.103051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2024.103051","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The implication of intermediately elevated fasting plasma glucose (FPG) in the first trimester of pregnancy is uncertain.</p></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>The primary outcome of the meta-analysis was to analyze if intermediately elevated first-trimester FPG could predict development of GDM at 24–28 weeks. The secondary outcomes were to determine if the commonly used FPG cut-offs 5.1 mmol/L (92 mg/dL), 5.6 mmol/L (100 mg/dL), and 6.1 mmol/L (110 mg/dL) correlated with adverse pregnancy events.</p></div><div><h3>Data sources</h3><p>Databases were searched for articles published from 2010 onwards for studies examining the relationship between first-trimester FPG and adverse fetomaternal outcomes.</p></div><div><h3>Study selection</h3><p>A total of sixteen studies involving 115,899 pregnancies satisfied the inclusion criteria.</p></div><div><h3>Data extraction and data synthesis</h3><p>Women who developed GDM had a significantly higher first-trimester FPG than those who did not [MD 0.29 mmoL/l (5 mg/dL); 95 % CI: 0.21–0.38; P &lt; 0.00001]. First-trimester FPG ≥5.1 mmol/L (92 mg/dL) predicted the development of GDM at 24–28 weeks [RR 3.93 (95 % CI: 2.67–5.77); P &lt; 0.0000], pre-eclampsia [RR 1.55 (95%CI:1.14–2.12); P = 0.006], gestational hypertension [RR1.47 (95%CI:1.20–1.79); P = 0.0001], large-for-gestational-age (LGA) [RR 1.32 (95%CI:1.13–1.54); P = 0.0004], and macrosomia [RR1.29 (95%CI:1.15–1.44); P &lt; 0.001]. However, at the above threshold, the rates of preterm delivery, lower-segment cesarean section (LSCS), small-for gestational age (SGA), and neonatal hypoglycemia were not significantly higher. First-trimester FPG ≥5.6 mmol/L (100 mg/dL) correlated with occurrence of macrosomia [RR1.47 (95 % CI:1.22–1.79); P &lt; 0.0001], LGA [RR 1.43 (95%CI:1.24–1.65); P &lt; 0.00001], and preterm delivery [RR1.51 (95%CI:1.15–1.98); P = 0.003], but not SGA and LSCS.</p></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><p>Only one study reported outcomes at first-trimester FPG of 6.1 mmol/L (110 mg/dL), and hence was not analyzed.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The risk of development of GDM at 24–28 weeks increased linearly with higher first-trimester FPG. First trimester FPG cut-offs of 5.1 mmol/L (92 mg/dL) and 5.6 mmol/L (100 mg/dL) predicted several adverse pregnancy outcomes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48252,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome-Clinical Research & Reviews","volume":"18 6","pages":"Article 103051"},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141249892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}