Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome-Clinical Research & Reviews最新文献

{"title":"Onychomycosis and future onset of type 2 diabetes","authors":"Shimon Amar ,&nbsp;Anat Reiner-Benaim","doi":"10.1016/j.dsx.2025.103265","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dsx.2025.103265","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Onychomycosis is a fungal infection of the nail with an increasing prevalence worldwide. Diabetes has been shown to elevate onychomycosis risk by 2.5-3-fold.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The present study hypothesized that this association may represent a reverse causality relationship, namely that onychomycosis is a risk factor for diabetes, and aimed to determine if the diagnosis of onychomycosis is associated with a future diagnosis of diabetes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We followed a large cohort of adults insured by the largest health maintenance organization in Israel, for documented diagnoses of onychomycosis and subsequent diabetes between 2000 and 2022. We used multivariate statistical modeling to evaluate hazard ratios for diabetes, while adjusting for onychomycosis treatments, co-morbidities, and demographic characteristics. Time-varying covariates were used to account for diagnosis timing.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>112,204 insured patients met the inclusion criteria and were followed for 19.3 years on average. Onychomycosis was diagnosed among 68,201 (60.8 %) patients and was found to be associated with an increased risk for future diabetes diagnosis (HR = 2.21, 95 %CI: 2.11,2.32, p-value&lt;0.0001). The hazard ratio progressively increased with the number of onychomycosis diagnoses. Onychomycosis treatment was found to be associated with a decreased risk for diabetes diagnosis.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study found that past onychomycosis diagnosis was associated with an increased risk for future diabetes. We thus call for laboratory investigation of the findings and their implications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48252,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome-Clinical Research & Reviews","volume":"19 6","pages":"Article 103265"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144656702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of diabetic kidney disease in Indian type 2 diabetes mellitus patients: A meta-analysis","authors":"Farazul Hoda ,&nbsp;Mawrah Arshad ,&nbsp;Sidra Zayed ,&nbsp;Mohammad Ahmad Khan ,&nbsp;Mohammad Anwar Habib ,&nbsp;Abul Kalam Najmi","doi":"10.1016/j.dsx.2025.103267","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dsx.2025.103267","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Diabetic Kidney Disease (DKD) is a major complication of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) that contribute to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) globally, posing a major public health challenge. T2DM that poses a substantial burden on the Indian healthcare system. Therefore, the present study aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of DKD among patients with T2DM in India.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A comprehensive search of PubMed and Embase databases was conducted from inception to August 2024. Two independent reviewers performed screening and selection of studies reporting DKD prevalence. DKD was defined as the presence of albuminuria, reduced estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR), or both. This study adheres to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Quality assessment of all included studies was performed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal checklist. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were also performed. Statistical analyses were conducted using Stata software.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 14 cross-sectional studies were included in the meta-analysis. The estimated overall prevalence of DKD among patients with T2DM in India was 44 % (95 % confidence interval (CI): 31 %–56 %). Subgroup analysis revealed a pooled DKD prevalence of 45 % (95 % CI: 29 %–62 %) in the southern region of India, while in the northern region, DKD prevalence was 42 % (95 % CI: 8 %–76 %).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The findings from the current study showed a higher prevalence of DKD in patients with T2DM in India. Therefore, early preventive measures should be implemented to reduce the burden and complications associated with DKD among patients with T2DM in India.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48252,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome-Clinical Research & Reviews","volume":"19 6","pages":"Article 103267"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144685881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Continuous glucose monitoring versus fasting blood glucose basal insulin titration: a retrospective analysis","authors":"Thomas W. Martens ,&nbsp;Jennal Johnson ,&nbsp;Michelle L. Katz ,&nbsp;Michael B. Davidson ,&nbsp;Karen Schneck ,&nbsp;Jie Xue ,&nbsp;Xinyue Chang ,&nbsp;Eyal Dassau","doi":"10.1016/j.dsx.2025.103266","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dsx.2025.103266","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aims</h3><div>Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) may complement or potentially replace fasting blood glucose (FBG) for basal insulin dose titration in type 2 diabetes (T2D). This retrospective analysis compared CGM-based titration with FBG-based titration using 7354 pairs of FBG and blinded CGM data from a clinical study in 68 people with T2D.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Based on pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic simulations, the median of 3 lowest CGM values in the hour preceding the FBG timepoint (“1-h <span>am</span> nadir”) was selected as basis for titration. Basal insulin doses were determined using 3 algorithms (Canadian INSIGHT, Treat2Target, AT.LANTUS). Absolute/relative dose adjustment differences, mean absolute relative differences, and relative dose errors between CGM- and FBG-based doses were calculated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The 1-h <span>am</span> nadir was essentially equivalent to FBG for basal titration across all 3 algorithms. There was &gt;90 % probability of the absolute dose adjustment difference being within tolerance. Mean absolute relative difference values were generally low, although higher for Treat2Target. Relative dose errors were mostly between −10 % and 10 %, indicating high agreement between CGM- and FBG-based titration and low clinical risk.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study established that the 1-h <span>am</span> nadir can potentially be used as an FBG surrogate for basal insulin titration in T2D.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48252,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome-Clinical Research & Reviews","volume":"19 6","pages":"Article 103266"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144656701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is myopia associated with a reduced or increased risk of diabetic retinopathy? A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Kai-Yang Chen ,&nbsp;Hoi-Chun Chan ,&nbsp;Chi-Ming Chan","doi":"10.1016/j.dsx.2025.103253","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dsx.2025.103253","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Diabetic retinopathy remains a leading cause of vision loss worldwide. Recent studies suggest that myopia, particularly due to axial elongation, may offer a protective effect against retinal microvascular damage.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the association between myopia and diabetic retinopathy, quantify the strength of this relationship, and explore potential protective mechanisms.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and other databases was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Eight observational studies including 5564 individuals with type 1 or type 2 diabetes were analyzed. Pooled odds ratios (OR) were computed using a random-effects model. Subgroup and heterogeneity analyses were also performed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Moderate myopia was significantly associated with an 80 % lower risk of diabetic retinopathy (OR = 0.20, 95 % CI: 0.11–0.37, p &lt; 0.00001). High myopia showed a 31.5 % reduced risk compared to moderate myopia (OR = 0.685, 95 % CI: 0.607–0.773). Hyperopia was associated with a nearly fivefold higher risk of vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy (OR = 4.874, 95 % CI: 4.677–5.078). There was no significant heterogeneity (I² = 0 %) and minimal evidence of publication bias.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Moderate and high myopia appear to be protective against diabetic retinopathy, likely due to axial length-related anatomical changes. These findings could inform future diabetic eye disease risk models and personalized screening strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48252,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome-Clinical Research & Reviews","volume":"19 6","pages":"Article 103253"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144557618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Price analysis of antihyperglycemic agents on Indian online pharmacies","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.dsx.2025.103254","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dsx.2025.103254","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48252,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome-Clinical Research & Reviews","volume":"19 6","pages":"Article 103254"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144490217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the Editor: Diabetic kidney disease screening – Real world evidence – A way to prevent future complications","authors":"Anuj Maheshwari MD, FACP ,&nbsp;Amit Gupta DNB ,&nbsp;Rakesh Parikh MBBS, FCPS, FRCP ,&nbsp;Manoj Chawla MBBS ,&nbsp;Sandeep Gudibanda MBA ,&nbsp;Snehal Shah MBA ,&nbsp;Garima Verma Ph.D ,&nbsp;Banshi Saboo MD, Ph.D","doi":"10.1016/j.dsx.2025.103255","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dsx.2025.103255","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48252,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome-Clinical Research & Reviews","volume":"19 6","pages":"Article 103255"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144562872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current approach to early gestational diabetes mellitus: A clinical update","authors":"Alpesh Goyal ,&nbsp;Yashdeep Gupta","doi":"10.1016/j.dsx.2025.103256","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dsx.2025.103256","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aims</h3><div>Early gestational diabetes (eGDM) is defined as hyperglycemia diagnosed in early pregnancy (&lt;20 weeks) which is not overt or pre-existing diabetes. This review summarizes our current understanding of eGDM and identifies future research gaps.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A literature search was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar and Scopus databases, focusing on the diagnostic pathways, glycemic trajectories, impact of treatment on pregnancy outcomes, and evolving precision medicine approaches in eGDM.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Currently, there is no consensus on the diagnostic criteria and screening approach for eGDM. The WHO 2013 criteria, which adopt IADPSG thresholds for diagnosis throughout the pregnancy are most commonly employed. The pathophysiology involves interplay of defective β-cell function and insulin resistance, however, early-onset gestational insulin resistance is a distinct feature. Nearly 30–50 % of women with eGDM regress to normoglycemia at 24–28 weeks of gestation. Observational studies report that eGDM is associated with increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes despite treatment. A recent multicenter randomized controlled trial (TOBOGM) found that immediate treatment of eGDM, compared to deferred or no treatment, is associated with modest neonatal benefits, chiefly driven by the reduction in risk of neonatal respiratory distress. Precision medicine approaches are on horizon in the management of eGDM. Differential enactment pathways have been proposed, wherein women with OGTT results in lower glycemic band are kept under close follow-up, whereas those in the higher glycemic band are treated more aggressively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>eGDM is a distinct medical condition, associated with increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes, and modest neonatal benefits upon immediate treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48252,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome-Clinical Research & Reviews","volume":"19 6","pages":"Article 103256"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144510843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The beneficial effects of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) products and their bioactive compounds on cardiovascular disease risk factors in patients with diabetes: A GRADE-Assessed systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Ali Jafari ,&nbsp;Helia Mardani ,&nbsp;Faezeh Ghalichi ,&nbsp;Fatemeh Talebian ,&nbsp;Farzaneh Mokhtary ,&nbsp;Fatemeh Razavi ,&nbsp;Ghazaleh Eslamian","doi":"10.1016/j.dsx.2025.103264","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dsx.2025.103264","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of sesame supplementation on glycemic control, lipid profile, anthropometric measures, liver enzymes, inflammatory biomarkers, blood pressure, and oxidative stress parameters in patients with diabetes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic search was conducted in Scopus, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library up to August 2024. Eligible studies evaluated the effects of sesame supplementation on cardiovascular disease risk factors (CVDs). Weighted mean differences (WMDs) with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a random-effects model. Study quality and evidence strength were assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool and the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Thirteen studies, including 731 participants with intervention durations ranging from 6 to 12 weeks, were analyzed. Sesame supplementation significantly reduced fasting glucose (WMD = −28.48; 95 % CI: 37.66, −19.30; P &lt; 0.001), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) (WMD = −0.98; 95 % CI: 1.95, −0.02; P = 0.045), postprandial blood glucose (WMD = −15.90; 95 % CI: 21.59, −10.20; P &lt; 0.001), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (WMD = −29.72; 95 % CI: 47.88, −11.55; P = 0.001), total cholesterol (TC) (WMD = −32.76; 95 % CI: 52.69, −12.84; P = 0.001), triglycerides (TG) (WMD = −33.46; 95 % CI: 51.55, −15.37; P &lt; 0.001), and significantly increased catalase (CAT) (WMD = 3.41; 95 % CI: 2.86, 3.96; P &lt; 0.001), and superoxide dismutase activity (SOD) (WMD = 2.76; 95 % CI: 2.30, 3.22; P &lt; 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This systematic review and meta-analysis suggest that sesame supplementation significantly improves CVD risk factors in individuals with diabetes, highlighting its potential as a complementary dietary intervention for managing diabetes-related complications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48252,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome-Clinical Research & Reviews","volume":"19 6","pages":"Article 103264"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144597352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Highlights of the current issue","authors":"Ningjian Wang (Associate Editor) ,&nbsp;Anoop Misra (Editor-in-Chief)","doi":"10.1016/j.dsx.2025.103268","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dsx.2025.103268","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48252,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome-Clinical Research & Reviews","volume":"19 6","pages":"Article 103268"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144771927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethnic differences in skinfold thickness trajectories in children in the born in bradford 1000 cohort study provide modest support for the adipose tissue compartment hypothesis","authors":"E.S. Petherick ,&nbsp;L. Smith ,&nbsp;G. Cézard ,&nbsp;N. Bansal ,&nbsp;J. West ,&nbsp;N. Cameron ,&nbsp;W. Johnson ,&nbsp;T. Norris ,&nbsp;D.A. Lawlor ,&nbsp;J. Wright ,&nbsp;R. Bhopal","doi":"10.1016/j.dsx.2025.103227","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dsx.2025.103227","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>South Asian populations have high susceptibility to cardiometabolic diseases, with high adiposity for a given Body Mass Index implicated. This study tested the adipose tissue overflow hypothesis that, compared to White Europeans, South Asians have smaller, peripheral subcutaneous adipose tissue depots.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Subscapular, triceps and thigh skinfolds were measured at 6, 12, 18, 24 and 36 months in White British (Number = 561) and British Pakistani (Number = 651) children in Bradford, England. Data were available for 1295 people. Linear spline models of the three skinfold trajectories were developed by ethnic and sex group to allow exploration of mean temporal change between groups. Models were adjusted for birthweight, length of gestation and gestational diabetes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>3-year trajectories differed between skinfold sites, with different patterns of growth observed. White British and British Pakistani children had similar adjusted subscapular skinfold thicknesses. Adjusted triceps skinfolds in British Pakistani boys and girls were mostly lower than White British children. British Pakistani children had adjusted mean thigh skinfold thicknesses mostly lower than White British children.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our study provides modest support for the adipose tissue overflow hypothesis. Replication in larger birth cohorts and continuing consideration of the cardiometabolic impacts of potential differences are required.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48252,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome-Clinical Research & Reviews","volume":"19 5","pages":"Article 103227"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144168069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}