Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome-Clinical Research & Reviews最新文献

{"title":"Circulating fatty acids and gestational diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies","authors":"Sara Shojaei-Zarghani ,&nbsp;Zahra Naziri ,&nbsp;Mohammadsadegh Nasr ,&nbsp;Farnaz Rostamian ,&nbsp;Zeinab Mokhtari ,&nbsp;Asma Kazemi","doi":"10.1016/j.dsx.2026.103398","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dsx.2026.103398","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a prevalent pregnancy complication. Altered fatty acid (FA) metabolism may contribute to GDM development, yet evidence regarding specific circulating FAs remains inconclusive.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This systematic review and meta-analysis compared circulating FA profiles between pregnant women with and without GDM and examined their associations with GDM risk.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We searched PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science for observational studies reported circulating FAs in relation to GDM risk. Pooled standardized mean differences (SMDs) and odds ratios (ORs) were calculated using random-effects models. Subgroup analyses explored heterogeneity sources, and the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale assessed risk of bias (RoB).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Forty-four studies were included. Meta-analysis of ORs indicated that per one-SD increase, C16:0 was associated with higher GDM odds (OR: 1.20, 95%CI: 1.04, 1.38). Conversely, very-long-chain saturated FAs (C22:0 and C24:0), specific omega-6 FAs (C18:2, C20:2, and C22:4) were associated with lower odds. SMD analysis revealed significantly lower circulating levels of C22:0, C15:0, and C17:0 in women with GDM. Subgroup analyses identified FA form (e.g., free FAs vs. phospholipids) as a significant heterogeneity source for eight FAs, measurement unit (absolute concentration vs. relative percentage) for three FAs, while RoB, study design, and trimester were sources for limited specific FAs.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>GDM is associated with distinct circulating FAs patterns. C16:0 is associated with higher odds of GDM, whereas linoleic acid, very-long-chain Saturated FAs, and selected omega-6 FAs were related to lower odds.</div></div><div><h3>Prospero registration code</h3><div>CRD42025649380.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48252,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome-Clinical Research & Reviews","volume":"20 3","pages":"Article 103398"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147494907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abdominal obesity (Waist Circumference/Waist Circumference-to-Height Ratio) as a new vital sign in Asian Indians: The most dangerous fat we rarely measure","authors":"Amerta Ghosh ,&nbsp;Anoop Misra","doi":"10.1016/j.dsx.2026.103389","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dsx.2026.103389","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48252,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome-Clinical Research & Reviews","volume":"20 3","pages":"Article 103389"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147358487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictive effect of FT3 levels on normal thyroid function in patients with type 2 diabetic kidney disease: A cross-sectional analysis of inpatients in China","authors":"Weili Zhong ,&nbsp;Jinfeng Yue ,&nbsp;Chunhuo Zhang ,&nbsp;Shuying Niu ,&nbsp;Yanli Zhao ,&nbsp;Shangshuang Zhao ,&nbsp;Ying Yu ,&nbsp;Jing Li ,&nbsp;Jun Han","doi":"10.1016/j.dsx.2026.103400","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dsx.2026.103400","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Evidence for the relationship between free triiodothyronine (FT3) and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) remains limited. Therefore, the purpose of our study was to evaluate the relationship between FT3 and DKD.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>From June 2022 to October 2023, <em>3124</em> patients with normal thyroid function and who were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes (T2D) were collected continuously and nonselectively in a Chinese hospital. We then used a logistic regression model to explore the relationship between FT3 and the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Smooth curve fitting was used to identify the nonlinear relationship between FT3 and the eGFR. Additionally, we also performed a series of subgroup analyses.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>After adjusting for the influence of relevant factors, FT3 and the eGFR were positively correlated (2.34; 0.27, 4.41; P = 0.0267). There was also a nonlinear relationship between FT3 and the eGFR. The inflection points of FT3 were 3.47 pmol/L (P = 0.002) and 5.17 pmol/L (P = 0.012).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>When the FT3 concentration is 3.47–5.17 pmol/L, the eGFR is the most stable. This will provide a theoretical basis for prospective studies to clarify whether FT3 will affect the DKD process in the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48252,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome-Clinical Research & Reviews","volume":"20 3","pages":"Article 103400"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147523841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of combined aerobic and resistance training on kidney health in adults with type 2 diabetes: A randomized controlled trial","authors":"Olivia Burton ,&nbsp;Andrés Díaz-López ,&nbsp;Felipe Villalobos ,&nbsp;Roser Pedret ,&nbsp;Victoria Arija","doi":"10.1016/j.dsx.2026.103404","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dsx.2026.103404","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aims</h3><div>Evidence on the effects of combined aerobic and resistance training on kidney function in type 2 diabetes (T2D) remains limited. We evaluated the effect of a 9-month structured exercise programme on kidney function in adults with T2D.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this randomized controlled trial conducted in four primary care centres in Catalunya, 136 adults with T2D without kidney disease (aged 41–87 years) were randomized to an intervention group (IG, <em>n</em> = 52) or control group (CG, <em>n</em> = 84). The IG completed two supervised 60-min sessions/week of moderate-to-vigorous aerobic and resistance exercise; the CG received standard care. The outcomes included changes in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and urinary albumin.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>After 9 months, eGFR increased by 1.8 mL/min/1.73 m² in the IG and decreased by 3.4 mL/min/1.73 m² in the CG (between-group difference: 5.2 mL/min/1.73 m² (95%CI: 0.9–9.5, <em>p</em> = 0.019)). Improvements in eGFR were significantly greater in the IG, particularly among women, those &lt;65, and participants with uncontrolled diabetes (all <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Urinary albumin changes did not differ between groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>A structured aerobic and resistance exercise programme improves eGFR in adults with T2D in primary care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48252,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome-Clinical Research & Reviews","volume":"20 3","pages":"Article 103404"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147523844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent evidence on plant-based diets and risk of chronic noncommunicable diseases in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Ana Botelho Moreira,&nbsp;Pâmela Gracielle da Fonseca,&nbsp;Simone Cardoso Lisboa Pereira,&nbsp;Nathalia Sernizon Guimarães","doi":"10.1016/j.dsx.2026.103403","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dsx.2026.103403","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aims</h3><div>To evaluate whether plant-based dietary patterns are associated with lower odds of hypertension, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, and obesity in adults.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a PRISMA-guided systematic review and meta-analysis registered in PROSPERO. PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase were searched for studies (cross-sectional, cohort, case-control) published from 2020 to 2024. Eligible studies included adults aged 18 year or older, compared predominantly plant-based dietary patterns with other diets, and reported chronic metabolic outcomes. Two reviewers independently screened studies and extracted data on Rayyan®, resolving disagreements by a third and risk of bias was assessed with Joanna Briggs Institute tools. Pooled odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were estimated using random-effects models.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Seventeen studies were included (9 cross-sectional and 8 cohort studies), comprising 456,783 adults from multiple countries. Greater adherence to plant-based diets was associated with lower odds of hypertension (odds ratio 0.82; 95% confidence interval 0.73 to 0.92). Borderline protective associations were observed for type 2 diabetes (odds ratio 0.87; 95% confidence interval 0.75 to 1.01) and dyslipidemia (odds ratio 0.87; 95% confidence interval 0.72 to 1.05). No significant association was found for obesity (odds ratio 0.95; 95% confidence interval 0.62 to 1.46).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Recent observational evidence suggests that plant-based diets are associated with lower odds of hypertension and may also benefit type 2 diabetes and dyslipidemia.</div><div>The findings support plant-forward dietary guidance, although better standardized prospective studies are still needed.</div></div><div><h3>Systematic review registration</h3><div>PROSPERO CRD420251027754.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48252,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome-Clinical Research & Reviews","volume":"20 3","pages":"Article 103403"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147577482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Managing diabetes while undergoing breast cancer treatment: a systematic review of women's experiences of self-care and clinical support","authors":"Nicola Murfet ,&nbsp;Leanne Mullan ,&nbsp;Christoffer Johansen ,&nbsp;Patricia M. Livingston ,&nbsp;Victoria M. White ,&nbsp;Mette Juel Rothmann ,&nbsp;Bodil Rasmussen","doi":"10.1016/j.dsx.2026.103401","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dsx.2026.103401","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Women with diabetes face a higher risk of developing breast cancer than those without, and when both conditions coexist, the risk of adverse health outcomes is higher. Little is known about the impact of adjuvant breast cancer treatment on diabetes management. This systematic literature review aimed to understand the experiences of women living with diabetes in their diabetes care when undergoing adjuvant breast cancer treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>This PROSPERO-registered (CRD420251046300) systematic review followed PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Medline, CINAHL, Embase and Web of Science databases were searched on 13 May 2025. Studies were included based on robust inclusion/exclusion criteria and underwent quality appraisal using JBI appraisal tools relevant to the study's methodology.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Nine original research articles met the inclusion criteria. The articles comprised three qualitative, two cohort studies, three cross-sectional studies, and one quasi-experimental design. The key elements identified in the articles included a decline in diabetes self-care behaviours following breast cancer diagnosis and treatment, a negative impact on mental health and wellbeing, and lack of coordinated care for women with diabetes undergoing breast cancer treatment. Revealing the added burden experienced by women living with diabetes during breast cancer.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The review found limited evidence on the experiences of women with diabetes undergoing adjuvant breast cancer treatment. Importantly, diabetes self-care declined during breast cancer treatment, increasing the risk of poorer health outcomes, emotional distress and the progression of diabetes-related complications. Further research in this area is essential to enhance health outcomes for women living with diabetes undergoing breast cancer treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48252,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome-Clinical Research & Reviews","volume":"20 3","pages":"Article 103401"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147535561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of early life exposure to active play and movement on health and wellbeing across the lifespan: A narrative review of RCTs from 2020-2025","authors":"Andrew P. Hills ,&nbsp;Fadiah Alkhattabi ,&nbsp;Reem Alahmed ,&nbsp;Saleh Ali Alessy ,&nbsp;Sisitha Jayasinghe ,&nbsp;Sadeem Aldarwesh ,&nbsp;Rowaedh A. Bawaked ,&nbsp;Lama Abdulla ,&nbsp;Sawsan Albalawi ,&nbsp;Afaf Alsagheir ,&nbsp;Ghadi Alaskar ,&nbsp;Severin Rakic ,&nbsp;Predrag Zivotic ,&nbsp;Volkan Cetinkaya ,&nbsp;Saleh A. Alqahtani","doi":"10.1016/j.dsx.2026.103399","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dsx.2026.103399","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction/background</h3><div>Competence in fundamental movement skills (FMS) is associated with higher physical activity levels across childhood and adolescence, influencing lifelong movement behaviours. Despite these benefits, most children globally fail to meet recommended physical activity levels from an early age and are increasingly affected by unhealthy body composition and chronic conditions such as obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). This article synthesises current evidence on early-life movement behaviours and interventions promoting physical activity during the first 2000 days, a critical developmental period shaping long-term health.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>A comprehensive search of peer-reviewed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published between 2020 and 2025 in Medline and Scopus identified studies examining physical activity, motor skill development, and related health outcomes in children aged 0-5 years. Findings were organized into five themes: (1) movement behaviours and early health; (2) historical development of guidelines; (3) global consensus and gaps; (4) early-years interventions; and (5) emerging implications.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Eighteen studies met inclusion criteria. Evidence highlighted the importance of physical activity, adequate rest, and limited sedentary behaviour for early development. Most studies focused on preschoolers, with fewer addressing infants and toddlers. Interventions were largely from high-income contexts and varied in design and measurement tools. Integrating physical literacy showed promise.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>Early movement experiences shape body composition and chronic disease risk. Focusing on the first and next 1000 days may foster lifelong healthy habits. Future work should enhance equity, diversity, and measurement consistency in interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48252,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome-Clinical Research & Reviews","volume":"20 3","pages":"Article 103399"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147451133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Highlights of the current issue","authors":"Ningjian Wang (Associate Editor) ,&nbsp;Anoop Misra (Editor-in-Chief)","doi":"10.1016/j.dsx.2026.103413","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dsx.2026.103413","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48252,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome-Clinical Research & Reviews","volume":"20 3","pages":"Article 103413"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147797936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"People living with diabetes with sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors use are at an increased risk of future total knee joint replacement","authors":"Wei-Syun Hu ,&nbsp;Cheng-Li Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.dsx.2026.103402","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dsx.2026.103402","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>This study aims to investigate the association between sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2I) use and the risk of total knee joint replacement (TKR) among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>282311 T2D patients who used SGLT2I and 282311 T2D patients who did not use SGLT2I were included. Univariable and multivariable Cox proportion hazards regression models were used to examine the effect of risk factors on the risk of developing total knee replacement, presented as a hazard ratio (HR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). The multivariable models were adjusted for gender, age, diabetes complications severity index (DCSI), comorbidities, and anti-diabetic drugs.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>After adjusting for potential confounders, SGLT2I users had a significantly higher risk of undergoing TKR compared to non- SGLT2I users (adjusted HR = 1.33; 95% CI: 1.25-1.42; p &lt; 0.001). The incidence rate of TKR was 2.93 per 1000 person-years for SGLT2I users and 2.33 per 1000 person-years for non- SGLT2I users, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In our study, patients with T2D with SGLT2I use exhibited a significantly higher risk of TKR compared to the DM population without SGLT2I.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48252,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome-Clinical Research & Reviews","volume":"20 3","pages":"Article 103402"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147523862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of alpha lipoic acid supplementation on biochemical, clinical, and inflammatory parameters in patients with diabetic polyneuropathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Ayline Vergara Salinas ,&nbsp;Trinidad Meneses Caroca ,&nbsp;Fernanda Peña Santibáñez ,&nbsp;Javiera Rojo González ,&nbsp;Michelle López-Chaparro ,&nbsp;Marisol Barahona-Vásquez ,&nbsp;Jessica Paola Loaiza-Giraldo ,&nbsp;Consuelo Gómez-Valdovinos ,&nbsp;Juan José Valenzuela-Fuenzalida ,&nbsp;Pablo Nova-Baeza ,&nbsp;Mathias Orellana-Donoso ,&nbsp;Alejandro Bruna-Mejias ,&nbsp;Gloria Cifuentes-Suazo ,&nbsp;Gustavo Oyanedel-Amaro ,&nbsp;Juan Sanchis-Gimeno ,&nbsp;Guinevere Granite ,&nbsp;Felipe Araya-Quintanilla","doi":"10.1016/j.dsx.2026.103374","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dsx.2026.103374","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>In this article, we perform a systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating the effects of alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) supplementation on biochemical, clinical, inflammatory, and functional parameters in patients with diabetic polyneuropathy or diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). A total of 15 articles were included, of which 12 were analyzed for outcomes. DPN is a chronic complication of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) characterized by symptoms, such as pain, sensory disturbances, and reduced quality of life. Currently, there is no definitive cure. Management focuses on controlling blood glucose and alleviating symptoms through pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapies. The aim of this study is to analyze the evidence regarding the efficacy of alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) supplementation in the management of DPN.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A systematic search across multiple databases was conducted using keywords, such as “diabetes mellitus,” “diabetes mellitus type I,” “diabetes mellitus type II,” “alpha-lipoic acid,” and “ALA supplementation.” A total of 15 studies met the inclusion criteria. Of the 23 outcomes analyzed, 19 showed significant differences in favor of alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) supplementation at different doses versus a placebo or other treatments. Notable improvements were observed in Total Symptom Score (TSS) paresthesia (SMD = −1.04; 95 % CI = −1.24 to −0.84; p &lt; 0.00001), TSS numbness (SMD = −0.23; 95 % CI = −0.44 to −0.01; p = 0.04), and the Hamburg Pain Adjective List (HPAL) (SMD = −1.00; 95 % CI = −1.15 to −0.85; p &lt; 0.00001), among others. These improvements were particularly evident for symptoms, such as paresthesia, numbness, and burning sensations, especially at a dose of 600 mg/day. In contrast, four of the outcomes HbA1c, nitric oxide levels, sural sensory nerve action potential, and peroneal motor nerve conduction velocity showed no significant changes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The evidence suggests that ALA, especially at 600 mg/day, is a safe and potentially effective adjunct therapy for symptom management in DPN, although its impact on nerve conduction and long-term glycemic control remains inconclusive.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48252,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome-Clinical Research & Reviews","volume":"20 2","pages":"Article 103374"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146081425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}