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‘Mentor, friend, teacher, and learner’: The beauty, opportunities, and challenges of heritage speakers as heritage language educators 导师、朋友、老师和学习者"：讲遗产语言者作为遗产语言教育者的魅力、机遇和挑战
IF 3.6 1区 文学
Applied Linguistics Pub Date : 2024-09-05 DOI: 10.1093/applin/amae055
Meagan Y Driver, Gabriela DeRobles
{"title":"‘Mentor, friend, teacher, and learner’: The beauty, opportunities, and challenges of heritage speakers as heritage language educators","authors":"Meagan Y Driver, Gabriela DeRobles","doi":"10.1093/applin/amae055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/applin/amae055","url":null,"abstract":"The last decade has seen an increased interest in heritage language education (HLE), yet only limited work is guided by in-group scholars and community members who themselves identify as heritage speakers (i.e. individuals with family connections to a non-English language). The present study addresses a lack of in-group representation in the research by investigating current barriers and opportunities in HLE through semi-structured narrative interviews with eight in-group HS educators from five different heritage language backgrounds. A thematic analysis of qualitative findings uncovered a multitude of common and critical issues experienced by HS educators, including the benefits and hardships of sharing a sociolinguistic background with HL students and the emotional roller coaster of teaching a personal HL. Findings also outline numerous needs specific to this community of educators, such as increased in-group representation in the field and greater support for social-emotional and professional success and well-being. Results suggest a number of institutional implications to empower current HS educators and encourage a pipeline from HL student to HL teacher for individuals from minoritized language backgrounds.","PeriodicalId":48234,"journal":{"name":"Applied Linguistics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142142562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Processing Pronouns of Address in a Job Interview in French and German 用法语和德语处理求职面试中的称呼代词
IF 3.6 1区 文学
Applied Linguistics Pub Date : 2024-08-07 DOI: 10.1093/applin/amae050
Maria den Hartog, Patricia Sánchez Carrasco, Gert-Jan Schoenmakers, Lotte Hogeweg, Helen de Hoop
{"title":"Processing Pronouns of Address in a Job Interview in French and German","authors":"Maria den Hartog, Patricia Sánchez Carrasco, Gert-Jan Schoenmakers, Lotte Hogeweg, Helen de Hoop","doi":"10.1093/applin/amae050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/applin/amae050","url":null,"abstract":"Does it matter whether applicants are addressed with formal or informal pronouns in online job interviews? This study shows that it does indeed, at least for speakers of French and German. Both French (n = 171) and German (n = 198) participants were more positive about a recruiter who addressed them with formal pronouns. The use of informal pronouns led to negative ratings of that recruiter by French participants, and to lower ratings of the recruiter, the company, and lower salary expectations by German participants. German men were found to be more sensitive than women to the use of formal pronouns, which had positive effects on their attitudes towards the job, company, and their salary expectations. Despite a general trend towards more use of informal pronouns in German workplaces, our study shows that using them in an online job interview has negative outcomes for companies. French participants react even more negatively to the use of informal pronouns, but these mainly have negative effects on their judgment of the recruiter rather than the company for which the recruiter is acting.","PeriodicalId":48234,"journal":{"name":"Applied Linguistics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141904259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Back to Basics in Measuring Lexical Diversity: Too Simple to Be True 词法多样性测量中的 "返璞归真"：简单得不真实
IF 3.6 1区 文学
Applied Linguistics Pub Date : 2024-08-07 DOI: 10.1093/applin/amae053
Yves Bestgen
{"title":"Back to Basics in Measuring Lexical Diversity: Too Simple to Be True","authors":"Yves Bestgen","doi":"10.1093/applin/amae053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/applin/amae053","url":null,"abstract":"Measuring lexical diversity in texts that have different lengths is problematic because length has a significant effect on the number of types a text contains, thus hampering any comparison. Treffers-Daller et al. (2018) recommended a simple solution, namely counting the number of types in a section of a given length that was extracted from the middle of each of the texts to be analysed. By applying this approach to second language essays, the authors observed that using the number of types was slightly more effective for differentiating amongst the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) levels than were the Type-Token Ratio (TTR) and the Guiraud index and that these three indices were more effective than were mathematically more complex ones. However, their conclusions regarding these two points are incorrect, and a less basic approach should be used. The last section addresses two broader issues in applied linguistics that are highlighted by these problems.","PeriodicalId":48234,"journal":{"name":"Applied Linguistics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141904260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
L2 Pragmatic Development in Constructing and Negotiating Contextual Meanings 建构和协商语境意义中的 L2 语用发展
IF 3.6 1区 文学
Applied Linguistics Pub Date : 2024-07-24 DOI: 10.1093/applin/amae049
Xi Chen, Lucien Brown
{"title":"L2 Pragmatic Development in Constructing and Negotiating Contextual Meanings","authors":"Xi Chen, Lucien Brown","doi":"10.1093/applin/amae049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/applin/amae049","url":null,"abstract":"The way in which L2 learners construct pragmatic and social meanings, including stances and identities, is emerging as an important research concern. In this study, we explore how L2 learners develop the ability to construct and negotiate pragmatic and social meanings, with a focus on meanings manifested in specific contexts, namely, contextual meanings. Specifically, we trace the development made by a group of 30 L2 Korean learners in their understanding of the contextual meanings of Korean first-person pronouns over the provision of L1- and L2-generated input and an awareness raising activity. Our findings reveal that provision of input of the underlying stereotypical meanings facilitated learners’ (re-)construction and negotiation of contextual meanings. The learners developed from oversimplistic form-meaning connections to more context-based and internally logical interpretations of contextual meanings, constructed new contextual meanings from the input, and agentively negotiated between the input and their existing indexical systems. The findings raise important pedagogical implications, including reconsideration of the assessment of pragmatic and sociolinguistic competence.","PeriodicalId":48234,"journal":{"name":"Applied Linguistics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141755395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Discourse of Digital Activism: A Linguistic Analysis of Calls for Action Concerning the Fashion Revolution 数字激进主义的话语：对时尚革命行动呼吁的语言分析
IF 3.6 1区 文学
Applied Linguistics Pub Date : 2024-07-18 DOI: 10.1093/applin/amae046
Barbara De Cock, Laetitia Aulit, Sara Cigada, Sara Greco, Ewa Modrzejewska, Rudi Palmieri
{"title":"The Discourse of Digital Activism: A Linguistic Analysis of Calls for Action Concerning the Fashion Revolution","authors":"Barbara De Cock, Laetitia Aulit, Sara Cigada, Sara Greco, Ewa Modrzejewska, Rudi Palmieri","doi":"10.1093/applin/amae046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/applin/amae046","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we analyze the calls for action in a corpus of tweets with the hashtag #FashionRevolution, related to the 2020 Fashion Revolution week. We offer a linguistic analysis of the discourse of digital activism, relying on insights from pragmatics, discourse analysis, and argumentation. Our analysis focuses on the calls for action concerning the move towards a more sustainable fashion system, issued by account owners that do not have any impositive force on their audience. This leads us to showing that a variety of actors call for action through an imperative but also through other deontic structures. However, those responsible for carrying out the actions towards a fashion revolution are often left vague, in line with overall campaigning strategies. The motive for the call for action, crucial to convince, appears sometimes in an argument and/or through a reference to social or environmental sustainability. Through this case study, we then contribute to the linguistic analysis of digital activism, and to a better understanding of the challenges of bringing about behavioral change from a non-impositive position.","PeriodicalId":48234,"journal":{"name":"Applied Linguistics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141726066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Accent Bias in Professional Evaluations: A Conceptual Replication Study in Brazil 专业评价中的口音偏差：巴西的概念复制研究
IF 3.6 1区 文学
Applied Linguistics Pub Date : 2024-07-11 DOI: 10.1093/applin/amae042
Cesar Teló, Rosane Silveira, Ana Flávia Boeing Marcelino, Mary G O’Brien
{"title":"Accent Bias in Professional Evaluations: A Conceptual Replication Study in Brazil","authors":"Cesar Teló, Rosane Silveira, Ana Flávia Boeing Marcelino, Mary G O’Brien","doi":"10.1093/applin/amae042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/applin/amae042","url":null,"abstract":"Evidence from Canada suggests that accent bias can be moderated by speakers’ demonstrated job-relevant performance and the prestige level of their occupation (Teló et al. 2022). In this study, we replicated Teló et al.’s (2022) work in Brazil. First language (L1) Brazilian Portuguese-speaking listeners rated audio recordings of L1 Brazilian Portuguese and L1 Spanish speakers along continua capturing one professional (competence), one experiential (treatment preference), and one linguistic (comprehensibility) dimension. Our findings challenge the notion of consistent bias, as listeners did not uniformly perceive L1 Brazilian Portuguese speakers as more competent and comprehensible than L1 Spanish speakers, and, in fact, generally preferred treatment provided by L1 Spanish speakers. Complex interactions provided a nuanced account of listeners’ evaluations, revealing, among other patterns, that demonstrated performance level and job prestige affected the evaluated dimensions differently depending on the speaker’s L1. This replication further expands the initial study by examining the role of four listener variables as predictors of speaker ratings. Greater listener familiarity with the context depicted in the script was associated with the assignment of higher ratings overall.","PeriodicalId":48234,"journal":{"name":"Applied Linguistics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141597340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Jingle–Jangle Fallacies in L2 Motivational Self System Research: A Response to Al-Hoorie et al. (2024) L2 动机自我系统研究中的 "叮叮当当 "谬误：对 Al-Hoorie 等人（2024）的回应
IF 3.6 1区 文学
Applied Linguistics Pub Date : 2024-06-27 DOI: 10.1093/applin/amae041
Alastair Henry, Meng Liu
{"title":"Jingle–Jangle Fallacies in L2 Motivational Self System Research: A Response to Al-Hoorie et al. (2024)","authors":"Alastair Henry, Meng Liu","doi":"10.1093/applin/amae041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/applin/amae041","url":null,"abstract":"In a systematic examination of scales commonly used in L2 Motivational Self System (L2MSS) research, Al-Hoorie et al. (2024) found discriminant validity problems. Raising jangle fallacy concerns, they argue that substantive research should be paused until validity issues are ironed out. However, validity at the measurement level is dependent on validity at the construct level. Replication attempts can fail when models are poorly theorized. To resolve problems at the measurement level, problems at the construct level need to be addressed.","PeriodicalId":48234,"journal":{"name":"Applied Linguistics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141462207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Making the Case for Audience Design in Conversational AI: Users’ Pragmatic Strategies and Rapport Expectations in Interaction with a Task-Oriented Chatbot 对话式人工智能中的受众设计：用户与任务导向聊天机器人交互时的实用策略和友好期望
IF 3.6 1区 文学
Applied Linguistics Pub Date : 2024-05-08 DOI: 10.1093/applin/amae033
Doris Dippold
{"title":"Making the Case for Audience Design in Conversational AI: Users’ Pragmatic Strategies and Rapport Expectations in Interaction with a Task-Oriented Chatbot","authors":"Doris Dippold","doi":"10.1093/applin/amae033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/applin/amae033","url":null,"abstract":"With chatbots becoming more and more prevalent in commercial and service contexts, they need to be designed to provide equitable access to services for all user groups. This paper argues that insights into users’ pragmatic strategies and rapport expectations can inform the audience design of chatbots and ensure that all users can equally benefit from the services they facilitate. The argument is underpinned by the analysis of simulated user interactions with a chatbot facilitating health appointment bookings, users’ introspective comments on their interactions, and users’ qualitative survey comments. The study shows that users’ pragmatic strategies show considerable variation. It also shows the negative impact of user experiences when the chatbot’s language and interaction patterns do not align with users’ rapport expectations. In closing, the paper uses these findings to define audience design for chatbots and discuss how audience design can be realized and supported by research.","PeriodicalId":48234,"journal":{"name":"Applied Linguistics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140895748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
‘I Said I’m Young You Know I Can Plan Something Good You Know’: Understanding Language and Migration Through Time 我说我很年轻，你知道我可以计划一些好事情，你知道吗？穿越时空了解语言和移民
IF 3.6 1区 文学
Applied Linguistics Pub Date : 2024-05-07 DOI: 10.1093/applin/amae031
Marco Santello
{"title":"‘I Said I’m Young You Know I Can Plan Something Good You Know’: Understanding Language and Migration Through Time","authors":"Marco Santello","doi":"10.1093/applin/amae031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/applin/amae031","url":null,"abstract":"Applied linguistics has started to consider the importance of time for the understanding of meaning-making, for example in the conceptualization of chronotopes, or in stressing the relevance of speed and entrepreneurial views of the self for migrants. This study takes a step ahead by starting from the concept of memory as mobile, following Michel de Certeau (1990), and looking at the different ways in which the experience of time plays a role in living and recounting migration. Focusing on the journey of a young African from Italy to Germany and then reluctantly back to Italy, this article points to the relevance of time as projected (marked by [un]awareness of possible developments), personal (based on relationality), and influenced by concrete circumstances (events and processes). The findings also unveil tensions between planning and the unforeseen for tactics concerning language, highlighting the role of future projections.","PeriodicalId":48234,"journal":{"name":"Applied Linguistics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140895973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Correction to: The Literacy Beliefs of Deaf and Hearing Parents and Their Interactions with Deaf and Hearing Preschool Children 更正：聋人和听人家长的识字信念及其与聋人和听人学龄前儿童的互动
IF 3.6 1区 文学
Applied Linguistics Pub Date : 2024-05-02 DOI: 10.1093/applin/amae034
{"title":"Correction to: The Literacy Beliefs of Deaf and Hearing Parents and Their Interactions with Deaf and Hearing Preschool Children","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/applin/amae034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/applin/amae034","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48234,"journal":{"name":"Applied Linguistics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141019578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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