Yingying Zhang , Xuming Mi , Hongtao Li , Xinpeng Wang
{"title":"Evolutionary game analysis of digital inclusive finance for high-quality development of small and medium-sized enterprises","authors":"Yingying Zhang , Xuming Mi , Hongtao Li , Xinpeng Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.irfa.2025.104388","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.irfa.2025.104388","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chapter 3 of this article builds a dynamic evolutionary game model encompassing the government, financial institutions, and small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). This model allows us to comprehend the dynamic process of game player evolution. This study derives a strategic orientation for digital inclusive finance to enable high-quality development of SMEs from an economic perspective. The findings illustrate that financial institutions and SMEs spontaneously and actively choose to implement digital inclusive finance strategies, jointly encouraging digital inclusive finance. If financial institutions do not strictly implement digital inclusive finance, SMEs tend not to use them actively, even if they are beneficial. A higher cost for SMEs to adopt digital inclusive finance also hinders realization of their high-quality development. Thus, The government needs to accelerate the cultivation of a digital inclusive financial market. Financial institutions reduce the cost of using digital inclusive finance for small and medium-sized enterprises Including SMEs in the digital inclusive finance service scope can leverage the enabling effect toward high-quality SME development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48226,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Financial Analysis","volume":"105 ","pages":"Article 104388"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144271159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Paraic McGee , Lisa Sheenan , Tom Egan , Sheila O'Donohoe
{"title":"Risk factor disclosure in green bond prospectuses and investor compensation","authors":"Paraic McGee , Lisa Sheenan , Tom Egan , Sheila O'Donohoe","doi":"10.1016/j.irfa.2025.104405","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.irfa.2025.104405","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper examines green bond risk factor disclosure in European corporate prospectuses and investigates their impact on investor risk compensation. We extract six risk factors disclosed in 602 prospectuses corresponding to 1160 green bonds issued from 2015 to 2024 using non-negative matrix factorisation (NMF) topic modelling. Novel risk factors disclosed include green-listing, EU Taxonomy compliance, ESG, Second Party Opinion (SPO), asset framework and GBP compliance. Green-listing, ESG, SPO and GBP compliance are the dominant risks disclosed by issuers, yet investors seek greater compensation for EU Taxonomy compliance and asset framework risk factors. We observe time variation as the introduction of EU regulatory initiatives recalibrates investor risk premia, leading to heightened demand for risk compensation. The findings underscore the clarity that European sustainable finance regulatory initiatives have brought to investors; however, the lack of scrutiny on the underlying assets financed with European corporate bonds may lead to an underestimation of systemic risk in the market, including physical, transition and greenwashing risks. We present a possible solution by calling on national competent authority prospectus approvers to categorise the assets financed with corporate green bonds. This would constitute an informed, targeted, early warning assessment of systemic risk in the green bond market that could positively impact financial stability. The paper contributes to the academic literature on green bonds, risk disclosure and textual analysis and helps inform European regulators as they navigate the evolving sustainable finance landscape.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48226,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Financial Analysis","volume":"105 ","pages":"Article 104405"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144298283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Digital ripples: The impact of customers' digital transformation on the financing constraints of suppliers","authors":"Qinyang Li , Mingrui Li , Mengru Li , Tao Li","doi":"10.1016/j.irfa.2025.104387","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.irfa.2025.104387","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The wave of digitization is sweeping across the world, boosting the transformation of various industries and bringing unprecedented new opportunities for firms. This paper examines the impact of digital transformation of customer firms on the financing constraints of suppliers. We find a significant spillover effect in the supply chain that the digital transformation degree of customer firms is negatively correlated with the financing constraints of suppliers when the comprehensive performance of customers is better. Furthermore, this effect is more evident for suppliers that are smaller, with shorter years of listing, and located in regions with fewer banks and greater distances from their customers. Additionally, the impact is more pronounced for customers that are state-owned and belong to high-tech industries. The mechanism test shows that the digital transformation of customers mainly alleviates the financing constraints of suppliers by reducing the information asymmetry of customer firms, increasing the credit availability and lowering the private equity placements discounts of suppliers. Additionally, the digital transformation of customers significantly reduces the cost of debt financing for suppliers. These findings enrich research on financing constraints and digital transformation, as well as provide important implications for companies within the supply chain on how to mitigate financing constraints through digital transformation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48226,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Financial Analysis","volume":"105 ","pages":"Article 104387"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144240482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yongni Jiang, Pianpian Yang, Lu Zhang, Maotian Wang
{"title":"Impact of green innovation openness and green innovation radicalness on firm performance: Evidence from China","authors":"Yongni Jiang, Pianpian Yang, Lu Zhang, Maotian Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.irfa.2025.104374","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.irfa.2025.104374","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Green innovation is widely acknowledged as a critical driver of improved ecological performance; however, its impact on financial performance remains ongoing and unresolved. Based on the resource-based view, we undertook two complementary studies. One utilized data from listed companies and the other leveraged surveys methodologies. These studies comprehensively explore the effects, boundary conditions, and mechanisms of green innovation strategies on financial outcomes. The empirical results reveal that green innovation openness exhibits an inverted U-shaped effect on financial performance, indicating diminishing returns beyond a certain point. In contrast, green innovation radicalness demonstrates a consistent positive linear impact, underscoring the importance of adopting ambitious and transformative innovation strategies. Environmental subsidies amplify the efficacy of both strategies, acting as catalysts for improved financial performance, whereas non-environmental subsidies undermine their effectiveness by potentially diverting resources or diminishing focus on ecological goals. Key mechanisms underlying these relationships include the market advantages of green products and customer greenwashing perception. This contributes to the literature by (1) distinguishing green innovation openness and radicalness to unpack the performance implications of resource acquisition and allocation strategies; (2) highlighting the contingent role of subsidy types in aligning green innovation strategies with external policy support; and (3) introducing market advantage and greenwashing perception as dual mediators to capture customer-centered mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48226,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Financial Analysis","volume":"105 ","pages":"Article 104374"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144280820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shilong Ge , Zhenyu Tu , Yalin Chen , Heap-Yih Chong
{"title":"Data driven-sustainability: The impact of data trading platforms on corporate ESG performance","authors":"Shilong Ge , Zhenyu Tu , Yalin Chen , Heap-Yih Chong","doi":"10.1016/j.irfa.2025.104371","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.irfa.2025.104371","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Data elements serve as a crucial enabler for enterprise digital transformation, but their consequences for corporate sustainable performance are under-researched. Using the establishment of data trading platforms (DTPs) to measure data elements marketization, this paper explores the impact of DTPs on corporate environmental, social and governance (ESG) performance. Employing a staggered Difference-in-Differences method, the research uncovers that DTPs significantly promotes corporate ESG performance. In particular, DTPs significantly improves the environmental and governance pillars, but is less effect on the social pillar. DTPs improves ESG performance through digit effect, green innovation effect and stakeholders attention effect. Heterogeneity analyses show that the benefits of DTPs are more evident among large firms, state-owned firms, firms with green investors, firms in clean and low-carbon industries, and those located in cities with stringent environmental regulations, particularly in eastern regions. Finally, DTPs is shown to reduce corporate environmental pollution and carbon emissions, underscoring their role in promoting sustainable development. This research provides novel insights into how data elements can drive corporate ESG performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48226,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Financial Analysis","volume":"105 ","pages":"Article 104371"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144263588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"What triggers intraday price jumps and co-jumps in gold?","authors":"Neharika Sobti","doi":"10.1016/j.irfa.2025.104380","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.irfa.2025.104380","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>What factors predict intraday price jumps and co-jumps in gold markets? Using high-frequency data, we find that intraday price jumps and co-jumps in gold are very rare yet extreme events with a probability of 0.43 %, while daily jumps occur with a probability of 32 %. Gold futures showcase a greater number of intraday jumps than gold ETFs. Positive jumps (0.22 %) are more frequent than negative jumps (0.20 %), while negative jumps (−1.78 %) have greater size than positive jumps (1.59 %). Using intraday event study and penalized regressions, we find the asymmetric yet heterogenous impact of news and social media-based market psych aspects (<em>attention, sentiments, emotions</em>). News attention predicts negative jumps, while social media attention predicts positive jumps. News emotions are the dominant predictor of jumps and co-jumps, especially during news. Negative news sentiments predict negative jumps, while positive social media sentiments predict positive jumps. US macroeconomic news predicts 34 % intraday price jumps in gold markets, with the FOMC rate decision being the dominant news surprise. Liquidity aspects like trading activity, transaction cost, and order imbalance showcase high predictability for jumps and co-jumps. Exchange rate volatility and stock market uncertainty prove to significantly cause price jumps and co-jumps in gold. Jump spillover analysis confirms that news attention is the largest net transmitter of jump spillovers while news sentiments and social emotions are the largest net receiver of jumps.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48226,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Financial Analysis","volume":"105 ","pages":"Article 104380"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144271156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ziheng Liu , Jiahui Zhang , Ran Gu , Qizheng Hu , Shouchao He
{"title":"Driving effects of U.S. monetary policy and geopolitical risks on gold reserve share","authors":"Ziheng Liu , Jiahui Zhang , Ran Gu , Qizheng Hu , Shouchao He","doi":"10.1016/j.irfa.2025.104391","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.irfa.2025.104391","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Using quarterly data from 105 countries from 2000 to 2023 and a theoretical model of central bank reserve portfolios that incorporates gold reserve, this study investigates the effects of United States (U.S.) monetary and geopolitical risks policy on the national gold reserve share. Results show that expansionary U.S. monetary policy, which increases dollar liquidity and lowers interest rates, generally prompts central banks to raise their gold reserve shares. A stronger positive correlation between the value of the U.S. dollar and gold assets further encourages this shift. Moreover, rising geopolitical risk has emerged as a key driver of central banks to increase their gold reserve share. Findings underscore gold's expanding role as a safe haven and a reserve asset comparable to the U.S. dollar. In response to U.S. monetary policy dynamics, China should pursue more diversified reserve asset strategies, enhance gold reserve management, and continue advancing Chinese yuan internationalization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48226,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Financial Analysis","volume":"105 ","pages":"Article 104391"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144240477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Financial elderly care security and community satisfaction: The moderating effect of internet usage","authors":"Zhuojun Liu , Xinyu Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.irfa.2025.104383","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.irfa.2025.104383","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores financial elderly care security, household income, and community satisfaction among older adults in China. The results demonstrate a significant positive relationship between financial elderly care security and community satisfaction, though the strength of this association varies depending on the level of financial security. Internet usage moderates this relationship, while household income serves as a mediator, with its mediating effect exhibiting regional variations. Integrating mediating and moderating mechanisms, this research advances theoretical understanding and provides actionable insights for optimizing China's elderly care system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48226,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Financial Analysis","volume":"105 ","pages":"Article 104383"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144263587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Birthplace bias, familiarity and portfolio choice","authors":"Qingchong Chen , Xiong Xiong , Ya Gao , Yumeng Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.irfa.2025.104377","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.irfa.2025.104377","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We use high-frequency trading data from individual investors during the period 2012 to 2016 to examine the existence of birthplace bias in China. As we have found, there is a birthplace bias and a local bias in the Chinese stock market and is related to the GDP level of the province, the characteristics of the company, the characteristics of investors, the short-term and long-term state of the market. Meanwhile, when investors move to another province, they maintain their preference for stocks in their birthplace and develop a preference for stocks in their new place of residence. However, these individual investors trade on the basis of familiarity and are unable to achieve excess returns. Thus, the research on proximity bias should not only focus on the existence of proximity bias itself, but also introduce more perspectives for discussion so as to get a more robust conclusion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48226,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Financial Analysis","volume":"105 ","pages":"Article 104377"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144229650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Boards' green background and corporate ESG","authors":"Liangyu Chen , Alkut Yusuyin , Renyi Zhang , Yongmin Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.irfa.2025.104386","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.irfa.2025.104386","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The extant literature has focused primarily on how ESG performance affects corporate performance, with little research on the determinants influencing ESG performance. Using data from Chinese A-share listed companies, this paper analyzes the impact of board's environmental backgrounds on corporate ESG levels. The study results indicate that a board with an environmental background can enhance a company's ESG performance. This positive effect is more pronounced in state-owned enterprises and non-high-pollution enterprises. Further mechanism tests reveal that boards with an environmental background can increase ESG levels by attracting more green investments and promoting corporate green technology innovation. Our research has practical implications for company board hiring priority and for government environmental policies to support sustainable development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48226,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Financial Analysis","volume":"105 ","pages":"Article 104386"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144240479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}