Journal of Safety Research最新文献

{"title":"Leading the way to a safer workplace: What enables supervisors to be servant leaders and enhance subordinates’ workplace safety behaviors?","authors":"Yu-Ping Chen ,&nbsp;Yu-Shan Hsu ,&nbsp;Alexandra Panaccio ,&nbsp;Hongli Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jsr.2025.02.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsr.2025.02.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Introduction</em>: Drawing on the Motivation-Ability-Opportunity (MAO) framework and social information processing (SIP) theory, we hypothesized that supervisors demonstrate the highest level of servant leadership when their prosocial motivation (motivation), perspective taking (ability), and perceived collaborative-based HR configuration (opportunity) are all high. Moreover, we also hypothesized that servant leadership plays an important channeling role that links the three-way interaction and subordinates’ workplace safety behaviors. <em>Method</em>: We recruited 167 supervisor-subordinate dyads across high-risk and non-high-risk industries via LinkedIn and authors’ professional networks. We then conducted hierarchical moderated regressions and SPSS Macro to test the proposed hypotheses. <em>Results</em>: The three-way interaction of prosocial motivation, perspective taking, and collaborative-based HR configuration significantly predicted perceived servant leadership behaviors, which in turn enhanced subordinates’ safety compliance and participation. <em>Conclusions</em>: In accordance with the MAO framework and SIP theory, a leadership system that simultaneously comprises these three key elements is most conducive to the emergence of servant leadership, which in turn enhances subordinates’ workplace safety behaviors. <em>Practical applications</em>: First, we recommend that organizations consider perspective taking and prosocial motivation as potential selection criteria for leadership or supervisory roles, to ensure that supervisors have the required capabilities to serve. Second, organizations could benefit from designing interventions to improve supervisors’ perspective taking and prosocial motivation. Third, organizations could use team-based pay design (e.g., team-based incentives) to further enhance the influence of a collaborative-based HR configuration. Fourth, given that the more subordinates emulate supervisors’ behaviors of putting others’ first and self-transcendence, the more they demonstrate safety behaviors, organizational interventions that can increase the salience of supervisors’ behaviors in the eyes of subordinates could be useful.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48224,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Safety Research","volume":"93 ","pages":"Pages 31-43"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143420059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel technological approach to preventing distracted driving","authors":"Haley J. Bishop ,&nbsp;Morgan O’Donald ,&nbsp;Lauren O’Malley ,&nbsp;Kristina B. Metzger ,&nbsp;Matthew Knutson ,&nbsp;Kevin Kramer ,&nbsp;Ryan Chamberlain ,&nbsp;Sara Seifert ,&nbsp;Allison E. Curry","doi":"10.1016/j.jsr.2025.02.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsr.2025.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Objective:</em> Several factors increase crash risk for teen drivers, including vulnerability to distraction and increased propensity to engage in risky driving behaviors such as smart phone use while driving (SPUWD). The current study evaluated the efficacy of an augmented LifeSaver smartphone app in reducing SPUWD among teen drivers and their parents. <em>Method:</em> Objectively collected app data and survey data were used to evaluate the app’s effectiveness in reducing SPUWD and its usability and acceptability among teen drivers and their parents. <em>Results:</em> Data collected by the LifeSaver app revealed no significant decrease in overall SPUWD, however parents spent significantly less time using social media apps while certain features of the app were enabled. <em>Conclusions:</em> Parents expressed reluctance to change their own distracted driving behavior but preferred that their teens not engage in that same behavior. This important finding suggests that anti-distracted driving interventions must target not only teens but families as a whole.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48224,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Safety Research","volume":"93 ","pages":"Pages 24-30"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143403313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing seatbelt use among pregnant drivers in Australia: Correct seatbelt positioning, discomfort, knowledge and information sources","authors":"Sjaan Koppel ,&nbsp;Lyndal Bugeja ,&nbsp;Xin Zou ,&nbsp;Hayley McDonald ,&nbsp;Keri-Anne Lue ,&nbsp;Jason Forman ,&nbsp;Mark R. Zonfrillo ,&nbsp;Gretchen H. Baker ,&nbsp;David G. Kidd ,&nbsp;Peter A. Cripton ,&nbsp;Michelle Oyen ,&nbsp;David Viano ,&nbsp;Julie Brown","doi":"10.1016/j.jsr.2025.02.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsr.2025.02.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Background</em>: Correct seatbelt use during pregnancy is critical for ensuring maternal and fetal safety during a motor vehicle crash. This study aimed to investigate seatbelt use among pregnant vehicle drivers in Australia, focusing on correct seatbelt positioning and the potential influence of comfort and the receipt of seatbelt information. <em>Method:</em> An online survey was completed by 1,491 participants (M = 33.2 years, SD = 4.1, Range = 18.0 – 50.0 years). <em>Results:</em> While nearly all participants (99.1%) reported ‘always’ wearing their seatbelt while driving a vehicle, only 41.4% met the correct seatbelt positioning criteria, defined as positioning the lap belt under the belly and low over the upper thighs and the shoulder belt between the breasts. Despite increased discomfort with seatbelt use as pregnancy advanced, discomfort was not significantly associated with correct seatbelt positioning. Additionally, while most participants had not received information about seatbelt use during pregnancy (87.7%), those who did had better knowledge (96.2% vs. 90.5%, χ2(1) = 7.16, p &lt; 0.05), and were more likely to meet all three criteria for correct seatbelt positioning during pregnancy (56.8% vs. 39.3%, χ2(1) = 20.26, p &lt; 0.001), than participants who had not received information (90.5%). However, receiving information did not necessarily increase confidence in correct seatbelt use, as participants who had received information were actually less likely to be confident in their ability to use the seatbelt correctly (3.3% vs. 6.6%, χ2(2) = 8.24, p &lt; 0.05). <em>Conclusions</em>: These findings highlight a significant gap in correct seatbelt positioning among pregnant occupants and the scope for substantial improvement in correct positioning by providing specific information on seatbelt use during pregnancy. Practical applications: To improve correct seatbelt use among pregnant individuals, public health messaging should be enhanced, and obstetrician-gynaecologists, nurses and other healthcare professionals should provide clear guidance on correct seatbelt positioning throughout the pregnancy. Future research should focus on developing effective educational strategies, assessing vehicle design improvements for comfort and safety, and exploring other factors influencing correct seatbelt use during pregnancy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48224,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Safety Research","volume":"93 ","pages":"Pages 15-23"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143402672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suicidal thoughts, risky driving, and crashes among U.S. adolescents","authors":"Johnathon P. Ehsani ,&nbsp;Michelle Duren ,&nbsp;Brydon Grant ,&nbsp;Holly Wilcox","doi":"10.1016/j.jsr.2025.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsr.2025.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Introduction:</em> Motor-vehicle crashes and suicide are two of the leading preventable causes of death among teenagers. <em>Method:</em> To investigate the association between suicidal thoughts and crashes we analyzed cross-sectional survey data on suicidal thoughts, risky driving behavior, and crash involvement. <em>Results:</em> We found evidence of a positive correlation between suicidal thoughts with crash involvement and each of the risky driving behaviors measured in the survey. <em>Practical Applications:</em>This is the first time this association between suicidal thoughts and crashes has been described in this population</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48224,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Safety Research","volume":"93 ","pages":"Pages 12-14"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143395742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visualizing what’s missing: Using deep learning and Bow-Tie diagrams to identify and visualize missing leading indicators in industrial construction","authors":"Rose Marie Charuvil Elizabeth ,&nbsp;Fereshteh Sattari ,&nbsp;Lianne Lefsrud ,&nbsp;Brian Gue","doi":"10.1016/j.jsr.2025.02.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsr.2025.02.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Introduction</em>: In the construction industry, where safety is paramount, the frequency and severity of workplace incidents remain critical concerns. Therefore, site safety inspections have become essential for health and safety programs. While incident data is frequently used to identify gaps in the safety management system, inspection reports are rarely analyzed to identify unsafe patterns on site and reveal measures for safety enhancement. This limitation can reduce the effectiveness of safety inspections, and therefore, this study aims to identify what safety leading indicators do not capture hazards during inspections. <em>Methods</em>: Natural language processing (NLP), text mining, and deep learning techniques such as sentence bidirectional encoder representations from transformers (SBERT) are used to generate embeddings and compute the similarity between 633 incidents and 9,681 inspection descriptions of a construction project from 2015 to 2018 in Canada. Root cause analysis is conducted on selected incidents with the slightest similarity with inspection descriptions using a customized human and organizational framework. Bow-tie and Sankey’s diagrams illustrate and visualize what leading indicators miss capturing hazards during inspections that lead to incidents. In addition, N-gram models are used for validation and co-occurrence networks to extract meaningful information and identify patterns from incident and inspection reports. <em>Results</em>: The results demonstrate that the indicators that cause incidents with the most severe consequences and are inadequately captured during inspections are: working at heights (81%), equipment handling/storage (17%), and ergonomics (0.4%). <em>Conclusion and practical application</em>: The findings provide insights for decision-makers on the strategies needed to enhance risk management, facilitating predictive and proactive approaches. By embracing a transdisciplinary approach, the research techniques applied in this study can be effectively used and transferred across various other industries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48224,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Safety Research","volume":"93 ","pages":"Pages 1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143395741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of training in reducing accidents in construction companies","authors":"Barbara Estudillo,&nbsp;Francisco J. Forteza,&nbsp;José M. Carretero-Gómez","doi":"10.1016/j.jsr.2024.12.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsr.2024.12.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Introduction:</em> In 2021, 741 people died due to occupational accidents in the construction sector in Europe (<span><span>Eurostat, 2023</span></span>). The European Commission developed the Strategic Framework for Health and Safety at Work 2021–2027, outlining objectives to improve the health and safety of workers. One of these objectives is to improve the safety training. <em>Method:</em> Focusing on this point and considering the safety training offered to construction workers in Spain, in the first hypothesis, we propose that more safety training reduces accidents by separating mandatory and voluntary training. In Hypothesis 2, we analyze whether voluntary training has a greater effect on reducing accidents than mandatory training. Finally, in Hypothesis 3, we test whether specific training is more effective than general training in reducing accidents. To test these hypotheses, we used data from training providers, accident data from the Labor Authority, and economic data from Informa &amp; Bureau van Dijk (SABI). The final sample comprises data from 1,283 Spanish construction companies over 11 years (2007–2017). The methodology involved analyzing the relationship between training and accidents, addressing our variables’ apparent endogeneity using instrumental variables. We analyzed the effect of accident training in the same year and, based on the learning curve theory, we also considered the previous three years of training. <em>Results:</em> Contrary to our hypotheses, our results show that more hours of safety training of all types are associated with more accidents, questioning its effectiveness. This finding highlights the need for an in-depth analysis of the training process to identify areas for improvement. Finally, we provide a comprehensive analysis of the training processes within the Spanish construction sector and propose potential modifications aimed at improving it and, consequently, reducing accidents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48224,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Safety Research","volume":"92 ","pages":"Pages 283-291"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143096646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temporal transferability assessment of injury severity models for single-vehicle and multi-vehicle crashes at highway ramp areas","authors":"Penglin Song ,&nbsp;N.N. Sze ,&nbsp;Jing Guo ,&nbsp;Dianchen Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.jsr.2024.12.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsr.2024.12.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Background</em>: A ramp is an auxiliary roadway that facilitates the vehicles joining and leaving the main traffic stream of highway. Ramp areas are prone to road crashes because of the merging, diverging, and weaving traffic entering and leaving the highways. <em>Objectives</em>: This study evaluates the differences in injury severity and influencing factors between single- and multi-vehicle crashes at ramp areas, with which the transferability assessment of models across time periods is considered. <em>Method:</em> Separate injury severity models for single- and multi-vehicle crashes are established based on comprehensive crash data from North Carolina State in 2016–2018. Random parameter multinomial logit regression model with heterogeneity in means and variances is adopted to measure the association between crash injury severity and possible influencing factors, with which the effect of unobserved heterogeneity is accounted. In addition, partially constrained and temporal unconstrained modeling approaches are adopted to consider temporally shifting parameters. <em>Results:</em> Results indicate that there are considerable differences in the effects on injury severity between single- and multi-vehicle crashes, after controlling for unobserved heterogeneity and temporal instability. Some variables including aberrant driving, vehicle type, area type, speed limit and crash location are found to be significant only in one type of crash but not in the other. There are opposite effects for the crashes in rural areas on the likelihood of injury between single-vehicle and multi-vehicle crashes. Additionally, temporal transferability and out-of-sample prediction performance for models of single- and multi-vehicle crashes are assessed. Results indicate that remarkable temporal stability and instability coexist. <em>Practical Applications</em>: Findings should shed light on the effective traffic management and control strategies that can mitigate crash and injury risk at highway ramp areas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48224,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Safety Research","volume":"92 ","pages":"Pages 420-436"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143100886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining the relationship between managers’ commitment to safety, leadership style, and employees’ perception of managers’ commitment","authors":"David Levovnik ,&nbsp;Darija Aleksić ,&nbsp;Marko Gerbec","doi":"10.1016/j.jsr.2024.11.024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsr.2024.11.024","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Introduction</em>: Managers’ commitment to safety has been recognized as a focal concept that can play an important role as organizations strive to improve safety performance and prevent major accidents. When management is committed to safety, this shows employees that safety is an important value to the organization, which, in turn, affects employees’ safety behavior. Although the number of studies that explore the concept of safety commitment has considerably increased in recent years, the main question that remains to be answered is how managers can most effectively demonstrate their commitment to safety to employees and through what mechanisms. In this paper, we examined the relationship between managers’ commitment to safety and employees’ perceptions of managers’ commitment to safety, with a specific focus on the potential mediating effect of managers’ leadership style. <em>Method</em>: To explore the proposed relationship, we performed an explanatory quantitative study on a sample of 147 respondents from six safety–critical organizations in the EU. By employing a mediation model, we were able to gain a better understanding of the role that transformational leadership can play when managers demonstrate their safety commitment to employees. <em>Results</em>: The results showed a positive and significant relationship between managers’ commitment to safety and employees’ perceptions of managers’ commitment to safety. Furthermore, we found a statistically significant difference between managers’ and employees’ perceptions. The mediation analysis also confirmed that leadership style mediates the relationship between managers’ commitment to safety and employees’ perceptions of managers’ commitment. <em>Conclusions</em>: This paper adds to the understanding of how managers can demonstrate their commitment to safety through their leadership and how managers’ leadership style helps to shape employees’ perceptions. <em>Practical Application</em>: The findings highlight the relevance of managers’ safety commitment and transformational leadership style for employees’ perceptions of managers’ safety commitment, which is a known antecedent of safety performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48224,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Safety Research","volume":"92 ","pages":"Pages 230-244"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143100945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Caregiver beliefs about older adult falls from a nationally representative U.S. sample 2022","authors":"Bailey Collette ,&nbsp;Dawson Dobash ,&nbsp;Shericka Harris","doi":"10.1016/j.jsr.2024.11.025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsr.2024.11.025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Introduction:</em> Falls represent a prevalent cause of injury, disability, and mortality in the United States among older adults (ages 65+). Falls are not an inherent part of aging and adopting evidence-based fall prevention strategies can reduce fall risk. Caregivers are well-positioned to increase awareness and uptake of fall prevention strategies among older adults but may not be aware of all effective strategies. The objective of this study was to assess caregivers’ beliefs and awareness related to older adult falls and evidence-based prevention strategies. <em>Methods:</em> Questions about falls were included in the SummerStyles survey, part of the 2022 suite of Porter Novelli ConsumerStyles surveys. Questions covered demographic and health characteristics of respondents, caregiver status, and knowledge of evidence-based fall prevention strategies. We compared demographic, health, and fall prevention knowledge by caregiver status and age. <em>Results:</em> Caregivers were more likely to be women, 65+, and report low income and fair/poor health compared to non-caregivers. Most (88.8%) caregivers did not believe older adult falls are inevitable. Most caregivers (94.0%) reported knowing at least one evidence-based fall prevention strategy, but many also identified strategies with limited evidence, such as being more careful (75.1%), as effective. Few caregivers recognized interventions like Tai Chi (13.4%) and medication management (23.3%) as effective. However, caregivers often recognized the importance of making homes safer (84.8%) and strength or balance exercises (76.4%). <em>Conclusions:</em> Our findings highlight the need for expanded education aimed at caregivers to raise awareness about fall risks and all evidence-based fall prevention strategies. <em>Practical applications:</em> Public health efforts can benefit from effectively educating and empowering older adults and their caregivers to play a proactive role in fall prevention and aging without injury. Results can facilitate targeted education and support of caregivers and creation of caregiver-driven programs to address fall risk and prevention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48224,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Safety Research","volume":"92 ","pages":"Pages 306-316"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143096644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mental health needs and wants of younger first responders: Identifying vulnerabilities and opportunities for developing a targeted mental health toolkit for surf lifesavers aged 13–25 years","authors":"Erin Stewart ,&nbsp;Samantha Fien ,&nbsp;Amy E. Peden ,&nbsp;Jasmin C. Lawes","doi":"10.1016/j.jsr.2024.12.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsr.2024.12.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Introduction:</em> Surf lifesavers form a key part of Australia’s first responder workforce, performing water rescues and responding to high-risk incidents along Australia’s coast. Previous research revealed younger personnel (aged 13–25) are at a higher risk of post-traumatic stress (PTS) and other mental health impacts compared with older counterparts. This exploratory study aims to identify and articulate the needs of this demographic and their preferences towards creating a tailored mental health toolkit. <em>Methods:</em> An anonymous, online survey of Surf Life Saving Australia (SLSA) membership was conducted to measure mental health, to understand members’ preferences for appropriate mental health content and activities, and preferred toolkit formats. <em>Results:</em> Survey data (lifesavers aged 13–25; N = 82) highlighted high prevalence of mental health concerns, including PTS symptoms (PTSS), previous mental health diagnoses, and high rates of a friend with a mental health concern among respondents. A relationship (r = -0.52) was found between both levels of stigma and levels of social support and PTSS. PTSS was found to separately correlate with both lower levels of social support and higher levels of stigma. Although mental health literacy confers other benefits, we found no significant correlation between mental health literacy levels and PTSS. There was a heterogeneity of preferences for toolkit content, particularly in comparing older and younger SLSA members of the 13–25 years cohort. <em>Conclusions:</em> Mental health toolkits may help address PTSS, particularly if delivered as part of wider mental health promotion efforts. Specifically, stigma and social support can be targeted in future toolkits. <em>Practical Applications:</em> This study supports development of resources to support younger members within a first responder organization. Findings can generate discussion prompts with people with lived experience in more intensive participatory methods (such as focus groups and workshops) and can be drawn upon to support resource development in the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48224,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Safety Research","volume":"92 ","pages":"Pages 437-447"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143100887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}