Temporal transferability assessment of injury severity models for single-vehicle and multi-vehicle crashes at highway ramp areas

IF 3.9 2区 工程技术 Q1 ERGONOMICS
Penglin Song , N.N. Sze , Jing Guo , Dianchen Zhu
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: A ramp is an auxiliary roadway that facilitates the vehicles joining and leaving the main traffic stream of highway. Ramp areas are prone to road crashes because of the merging, diverging, and weaving traffic entering and leaving the highways. Objectives: This study evaluates the differences in injury severity and influencing factors between single- and multi-vehicle crashes at ramp areas, with which the transferability assessment of models across time periods is considered. Method: Separate injury severity models for single- and multi-vehicle crashes are established based on comprehensive crash data from North Carolina State in 2016–2018. Random parameter multinomial logit regression model with heterogeneity in means and variances is adopted to measure the association between crash injury severity and possible influencing factors, with which the effect of unobserved heterogeneity is accounted. In addition, partially constrained and temporal unconstrained modeling approaches are adopted to consider temporally shifting parameters. Results: Results indicate that there are considerable differences in the effects on injury severity between single- and multi-vehicle crashes, after controlling for unobserved heterogeneity and temporal instability. Some variables including aberrant driving, vehicle type, area type, speed limit and crash location are found to be significant only in one type of crash but not in the other. There are opposite effects for the crashes in rural areas on the likelihood of injury between single-vehicle and multi-vehicle crashes. Additionally, temporal transferability and out-of-sample prediction performance for models of single- and multi-vehicle crashes are assessed. Results indicate that remarkable temporal stability and instability coexist. Practical Applications: Findings should shed light on the effective traffic management and control strategies that can mitigate crash and injury risk at highway ramp areas.
高速公路匝道区域单、多车碰撞损伤严重程度模型的时间可转移性评价
背景:匝道是一种辅助道路,方便车辆加入和离开高速公路的主要车流。匝道区域由于进出高速公路的车辆合流、分流、交织,容易发生交通事故。目的:本研究评估了坡道区域单车和多车碰撞的伤害严重程度和影响因素的差异,并考虑了模型跨时间段的可转移性评估。方法:基于北卡罗莱纳州2016-2018年的综合碰撞数据,分别建立单车和多车碰撞损伤严重程度模型。采用均值和方差均存在异质性的随机参数多项logit回归模型来衡量碰撞损伤严重程度与可能影响因素之间的相关性,其中考虑了未观察到的异质性的影响。此外,采用部分约束和时间无约束建模方法来考虑参数的时间变化。结果:结果表明,在控制了未观察到的异质性和时间不稳定性之后,单车碰撞和多车碰撞对损伤严重程度的影响存在相当大的差异。异常驾驶、车辆类型、区域类型、速度限制和碰撞位置等变量仅在一种类型的碰撞中显著,而在另一种类型的碰撞中不显著。在农村地区,单车碰撞和多车碰撞对伤害可能性的影响是相反的。此外,评估了单车和多车碰撞模型的时间可转移性和样本外预测性能。结果表明,显著的时间稳定性和不稳定性并存。实际应用:研究结果应阐明有效的交通管理和控制策略,以减轻高速公路匝道区域的碰撞和伤害风险。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
6.40
自引率
4.90%
发文量
174
审稿时长
61 days
期刊介绍: Journal of Safety Research is an interdisciplinary publication that provides for the exchange of ideas and scientific evidence capturing studies through research in all areas of safety and health, including traffic, workplace, home, and community. This forum invites research using rigorous methodologies, encourages translational research, and engages the global scientific community through various partnerships (e.g., this outreach includes highlighting some of the latest findings from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention).
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