Journal of Safety Research最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of a passive arm-support exoskeleton for surgical team members: Results from live surgeries","authors":"Jackie S. Cha ,&nbsp;Dimitrios I. Athanasiadis ,&nbsp;Hamed Asadi ,&nbsp;Dimitrios Stefanidis ,&nbsp;Maury A. Nussbaum ,&nbsp;Denny Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.jsr.2024.02.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsr.2024.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Background</em>: Musculoskeletal symptoms and injuries adversely impact the health of surgical team members and their performance in the operating room (OR). Though ergonomic risks in surgery are well-recognized, mitigating these risks is especially difficult. In this study, we aimed to assess the impacts of an exoskeleton when used by OR team members during live surgeries. <em>Methods:</em> A commercial passive arm-support exoskeleton was used. One surgical nurse, one attending surgeon, and five surgical trainees participated. Twenty-seven surgeries were completed, 12 with and 15 without the exoskeleton. Upper-body postures and muscle activation levels were measured during the surgeries using inertial measurement units and electromyography sensors, respectively. Postures, muscle activation levels, and self-report metrics were compared between the baseline and exoskeleton conditions using non-parametric tests. <em>Results:</em> Using the exoskeleton significantly decreased the percentage of time in demanding postures (&gt;45° shoulder elevation) for the right shoulder by 7% and decreased peak muscle activation of the left trapezius, right deltoid, and right lumbar erector spinae muscles, by 7%, 8%, and 12%, respectively. No differences were found in perceived effort, and overall scores on usability ranged from “OK” to “excellent.” <em>Conclusions:</em> Arm-support exoskeletons have the potential to assist OR team members in reducing musculoskeletal pain and fatigue indicators. To further increase usability in the OR, however, better methods are needed to identify the surgical tasks for which an exoskeleton is effective.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48224,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Safety Research","volume":"89 ","pages":"Pages 322-330"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139874441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Special Report from the CDC: Suicide rates, sodium nitrite-related suicides, and online content, United States","authors":"Karin A. Mack,&nbsp;Wojciech Kaczkowski,&nbsp;Steven Sumner,&nbsp;Royal Law,&nbsp;Amy Wolkin","doi":"10.1016/j.jsr.2024.03.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsr.2024.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Background:</em> In 2022, suicide ranked as the 11th leading cause of death in the United States with 49,513 deaths. Provisional mortality data from 2022 indicate a 2.8% increase in the number of suicides compared to 2021. This paper examines overall suicide trends, sodium nitrite ingestion as an emerging suicide method, and the role that online forums play in sharing information about suicide methods (including sodium nitrite ingestion). <em>Methods:</em> Suicides were identified from CDC’s National Vital Statistics System (2018-July 2023 provisional) multiple cause-of-death mortality files using International Classification of Diseases (ICD), Tenth Revision underlying cause-of-death codes U03, X60–X84, and Y87.0 and T code T50.6 (antidotes and chelating agents). Google search popularity metrics were captured from January 2019 to January 2023. Case reports of sodium nitrite related suicide and suicide attempts (through February 2024) were identified in the medical and forensic literature. <em>Results:</em> At least 768 suicides involving antidotes and chelating agents (including sodium nitrite) occurred between 2018 and July 2023, set in the context of 268,972 total suicides during that period. Overall, suicides involving antidotes and chelating agents (including sodium nitrite) represent &lt;1% of all suicides, however, numbers are rising. <em>Conclusions:</em> Suicide methods are known to change over time. These changes can be influenced by, among other factors, online forums and means accessibility, such as internet purchase availability. CDC remains committed to prevention through comprehensive public health strategies that protect individuals, families, and communities. <em>Practical Applications:</em> States and community partners might consider leveraging physicians, emergency responders, and other appropriate crisis response groups to disseminate information on sodium nitrite self-poisoning and its antidote, methylene blue. Efforts should be part of a comprehensive public health approach to suicide prevention.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48224,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Safety Research","volume":"89 ","pages":"Pages 361-368"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141294914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Special Report from the CDC: Evaluating the dissemination of CDC’s MyMobility Plan: Findings and lessons learned","authors":"Iju Shakya ,&nbsp;Laurie F. Beck ,&nbsp;LeShaundra Cordier ,&nbsp;Susan Dugan ,&nbsp;Yamile Underwood ,&nbsp;Gwen Bergen","doi":"10.1016/j.jsr.2024.03.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsr.2024.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Introduction</em>: Age-related changes (e.g., cognitive, physiologic) can affect an individual’s mobility and increase risks for falls and motor-vehicle crashes, which are leading causes of injuries and injury deaths among older Americans. To address this issue, CDC developed MyMobility Plan (MMP) products to help older adults make plans to reduce injury risks and promote safe mobility. In 2019, MMP products were disseminated to older adults and partner organizations. Dissemination strategies consisted of digital and print distribution and partner outreach. <em>Methods</em>: To assess dissemination efforts, a process (or implementation) evaluation was conducted from January to June 2019. Data were collected for 17 indicators (e.g., counts of webpage visits, product downloads, social media posts). Key informant interviews were conducted with partners, and qualitative analyses of interview data were undertaken to identify key themes related to their dissemination experiences. <em>Results</em>: Findings showed the dissemination resulted in 13,425 product downloads and print copy orders and reached almost 155,000 individuals through email subscriber lists, websites, webinars, and presentations. It is unknown what proportion of these individuals were older adults. Social media metrics were higher than expected, and 58 partners promoted products within their networks. Partner interviews emphasized the need for guidance on dissemination, collaboration with local partners, and integration of the products within a program model to ensure broader reach to and use by older adults. <em>Conclusions</em>: The evaluation of the dissemination campaign identified strategies that were successful in creating exposure to the MMP and others that could improve reach in the future. Those strategies include meaningful and early partner engagement for dissemination. <em>Practical applications</em>: Building in evaluation from the start can facilitate development of appropriate data collection measures to assess project success. Engaging partners as active disseminators in the planning stages can help increase the reach of public health tools and resources.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48224,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Safety Research","volume":"89 ","pages":"Pages 354-360"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140769484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differences in route choice behavior when riding shared e-scooters vs. bicycles – A field study","authors":"Madlen Ringhand ,&nbsp;David Schackmann ,&nbsp;Juliane Anke ,&nbsp;Iwan Porojkow ,&nbsp;Tibor Petzoldt","doi":"10.1016/j.jsr.2024.04.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsr.2024.04.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Problem</em>: The surge in popularity of electric kick scooters (e-scooters) poses new challenges for traffic planning, demanding a comprehensive understanding of route choice behavior to see how e-scooters are used, how they affect traffic flow, and where improvements can be made to the road infrastructure. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze route choices and preferences of e-scooter riders and cyclists in a quasi-experimental setup with both user groups having the same trip destinations. <em>Method</em>: Two groups of participants (<em>n</em> = 52) completed a ride with either a shared e-scooter or bicycle to reach four predefined destinations in Dresden, Germany. The riders were supposed to choose their routes and subsequently reported the difficulty of decision-making and the importance of several route choice factors related to the ride. <em>Results</em>: E-scooter riders rated road surface and safety as significantly more important for route choice than cyclists and tended to perceive the decision-making as more difficult. Riding data revealed broad comparability between the groups, with e-scooter riders tendentially having longer routes for complex decisions (unknown destinations, scenic routes, more turns required). <em>Discussion</em>: The study suggests that the route preferences of e-scooter riders may be influenced by a combination of road surface and safety considerations, highlighting the need for high-quality cycling infrastructure. Limitations exist regarding the naturally occurring differences in riding experience in e-scooter riding versus cycling. Practical implications indicate that planning for e-scooter riders can benefit from insights drawn from activities designed for cyclists. The provision of real-time road quality information is proposed, considering its potential impact on overall road safety. <em>Summary</em>: This study contributes to a better understanding of how e-scooter riders navigate through cities and delivers a valuable foundation for transport planners and engineers considering the rise in cycling and micro-mobility use.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48224,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Safety Research","volume":"89 ","pages":"Pages 343-353"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022437524000513/pdfft?md5=a63302648d3f281cef4d979e507825d8&pid=1-s2.0-S0022437524000513-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140783251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding aberrant driving intentions based on the Theory of Planned Behavior: Literature review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Abderrahim El Hafidy ,&nbsp;Taoufik Rachad ,&nbsp;Ali Idri","doi":"10.1016/j.jsr.2024.05.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsr.2024.05.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Introduction</em>: Despite deployed efforts to establish strict road safety standards, human factors is still the leading cause of road crashes. To identify determinants of driver’s behavior, TPB (Theory of Planned Behavior) is widely used as a prominent theory of behavior change. However, the existence of different aberrant driving behaviors (decision errors, recognition errors, violations, and physical condition related errors) and several studies using TPB to understand driving behavior, makes it important to conduct a literature review and a <em>meta</em>-analysis of existing studies to use their results in effective driving behavior change interventions. <em>Method:</em> The selection process provided 125 relevant studies that were published between 1991 and 2022, and that used TPB for the understanding of aberrant driving behavior. Five fundamental research questions were defined to identify information to be discovered from the literature review and from the <em>meta</em>-analysis. <em>Results:</em> In addition to the standard TPB constructs (attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control), past behavior, moral norms, and descriptive norms were used in studies for a more comprehensive understanding of aberrant driving intention. This analysis demonstrated a significant correlation between aberrant driving intentions and past behavior. Also, moral norms construct was correlated with violations and recognition errors, whereas descriptive norms construct was correlated just with recognition errors. <em>Conclusions:</em> The results of this study highlight the strength of TPB in the prediction of aberrant driving intention and its potential effectiveness to guide interventions aimed at changing aberrant driving behaviors. The study contributes to the comprehension of the relevant psychological factors influencing the engagement of drivers in each category of aberrant driving behaviors<strong>.</strong> <em>Practical Applications</em>: Researchers can use the results of this study to select the relevant psychological factors adapted to their interventions of driving behavior change. The results of the <em>meta</em>-analysis can also be used in the prediction of driver’s intentions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48224,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Safety Research","volume":"90 ","pages":"Pages 225-243"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141605736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the utility of a social norm approach in reducing younger drivers’ engagement in hand-held phone use while driving: A qualitative study","authors":"Michelle Nicolls,&nbsp;Verity Truelove,&nbsp;Kayla B. Stefanidis","doi":"10.1016/j.jsr.2024.05.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsr.2024.05.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Introduction:</em> Engagement in hand-held phone use while driving among young drivers is a prevalent concern in society, despite countermeasures to deter the behavior. The social norm approach has been effective in reducing negative behaviors in young adults (e.g., binge drinking, drink driving). However, whether this approach can reduce hand-held phone use while driving in this population has not been thoroughly investigated. <em>Method:</em> The qualitative study explored young drivers’ attitudes and opinions on social norm messages designed to reduce hand-held phone use while driving. In addition, young drivers’ opinions on current campaigns were explored to provide further insight into the effectiveness of these messages. Thirty young drivers were interviewed and shown six social norm messages. <em>Results</em>: The data were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis, resulting in five themes and one sub-theme: (1) Road safety messages with minimal impact on hand-held phone use while driving; (2) What constitutes an effective road safety message for hand-held phone use while driving; (3) Comparisons between social norm messages and road safety messages; (4) The potential benefits of combined social norms, (4a) Improving and optimizing the message; and (5) “It’s kinda just numbers on a screen”: Negative views on social norm messages. Results highlight the diverse opinions towards road safety campaigns and the need to increase exposure to these messages. Further, a combined social norm message was perceived as most effective in reducing engagement in hand-held phone use while driving. <em>Conclusions</em>: The current study provides preliminary evidence that the social norm approach may be effective in reducing hand-held phone use among young drivers. Further, this study highlights the need to maximize exposure to phone use while driving campaigns in this high-risk cohort. <em>Practical Applications</em>: Results support the development of a social norm messaging intervention to reduce young drivers hand-held phone use while driving.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48224,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Safety Research","volume":"90 ","pages":"Pages 170-180"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022437524000616/pdfft?md5=e1f38165236eb604c3e2c05e9f308d10&pid=1-s2.0-S0022437524000616-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141606691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the interaction between cyclists and motorized vehicles at unsignalized intersections: Results from a cycling simulator study","authors":"Ali Mohammadi ,&nbsp;Giulio Bianchi Piccinini ,&nbsp;Marco Dozza","doi":"10.1016/j.jsr.2024.05.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsr.2024.05.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Introduction:</em> With cycling gaining more popularity in urban areas, it is vital to obtain accurate knowledge of cyclists’ behavior to develop behavioral models that can predict the cyclist’s intent. Most conflicts between cyclists and vehicles happen at crossings where the road users share the path, especially at unsignalized intersections. However, few studies have investigated and modeled the interaction between cyclists and vehicles at unsignalized intersections. <em>Method:</em> A bike simulator experiment was conducted to scrutinize cyclists’ response process as they interacted with a passenger car at an unsignalized intersection. An existing unsignalized intersection in Gothenburg was simulated for test participants. Two independent variables were varied across trials: the difference in time to arrival at the intersection (DTA) and intersection visibility (IV). Subjective and quantitative data were analyzed to model the cyclists’ behavior. <em>Results:</em> When approaching the intersection, cyclists showed a clear sequence of actions (pedaling, braking, and head turning). The distance from the intersection at which cyclists started braking was significantly affected by the two independent variables. It was also found that DTA, looking duration, and pedaling behavior significantly affected cyclists’ decisions to yield. Finally, the questionnaire outputs show that participants missed eye contact or communication with the motorized vehicle. <em>Conclusions:</em> The kinematic interaction between cyclists and vehicles, along with the cyclist’s response process (visual and kinematic), can be utilized to predict cyclists’ yielding decision at intersections. From the infrastructural perspective, enhancing visibility at intersections has the potential to reduce the severity of interactions between cyclists and vehicles. The analysis of the questionnaire emphasizes the significance of visual communication between cyclists and drivers to support the cyclist’s decision-making process when yielding. <em>Practical applications:</em> The models can be used in threat assessment algorithms so that active safety systems and automated vehicles can react safely to the presence of cyclists in conflict scenarios.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48224,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Safety Research","volume":"90 ","pages":"Pages 306-318"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022437524000604/pdfft?md5=83ca6438e4606db29507ea83cb26fe5d&pid=1-s2.0-S0022437524000604-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141884361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the perceived effectiveness and strictness of penalties for traffic offences: The influence of prior punishment experience and evaluation perspective (personal vs. general)","authors":"Rasa Markšaitytė ,&nbsp;Auksė Endriulaitienė ,&nbsp;Laura Šeibokaitė ,&nbsp;Tadas Vadvilavičius ,&nbsp;Mark Sullman","doi":"10.1016/j.jsr.2024.04.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsr.2024.04.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Introduction:</em> Previous research has identified the perception of penalties as one of the most important deterrents to road traffic offenses. This study investigated whether the perceived effectiveness and the perceived strictness of penalties for different traffic offenses are associated with prior punishment experience and evaluation perspective (personal – if participants were being punished themselves, vs. general – for punishing all drivers). <em>Method:</em> A convenience sample of 1,374 Lithuanian drivers participated in the survey (56.3% males; aged 18–77 years). Among them, 801 participants had no penalties for traffic offenses, 333 reported monetary fines in the last year, and 240 reported having their drivers license suspended at least once in their driving career. A scale with 10 specific penalties for traffic offenses was developed to measure the perceived effectiveness and strictness of penalties. Half of the participants evaluated the penalties as if they were personally sanctioned for each traffic offense (personal perspective), while the other half assessed the effectiveness and strictness of the penalties for drivers in general. <em>Results:</em> The results indicated that the perceived effectiveness of penalties was related to the evaluation perspective, being higher for changing one’s own behavior than for changing behavior in general. However, the perceived effectiveness of penalties was not related to prior punishment experience. Males and drivers who had experienced their license being suspended reported the highest perceived strictness of the penalties, whereas females and drivers with no prior punishment experience perceived penalties as the least strict. <em>Practical applications:</em> These findings suggest the need for developing new ways of communicating penalties to different groups of drivers. Nevertheless, this research was exploratory in nature and further research is warranted.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48224,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Safety Research","volume":"90 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141024636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How state mindfulness affects mobile phones usage while walking: A daily diary study in China","authors":"Moran Wang ,&nbsp;Zitong Guo ,&nbsp;Yaoshan Xu ,&nbsp;Guangtao Yu ,&nbsp;Yongjuan Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jsr.2024.05.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsr.2024.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Introduction</em>: Pedestrians are a particularly vulnerable group of road users. Mobile phone usage while walking (MPUWW) is a significant contributor to pedestrians’ involvement in road crashes and associated injuries. The current study aims to explore the effect of state mindfulness on daily MPUWW via phone dependence (at the within-person level), and the moderating role of risk perception (at the between-person level) in the phone dependence-MPUWW relationship. <em>Method</em>: We utilized a fine-grained method, the daily diary methodology (DDM) to explore the aforementioned model. A total of 88 Chinese college students participated in a consecutive 12-day study, yielding 632 daily data. Unconflated multilevel modeling was used to analyze the data. <em>Results</em>: After trait mindfulness being controlled, state mindfulness has a negative impact on MPUWW via phone dependence at the daily level. Furthermore, risk perception as an individual difference variable moderates the relationship between phone dependence and MPUWW, in which a weaker effect observed in individuals with higher levels of risk perception. <em>Conclusions</em>: State mindfulness can decrease the frequency of daily MPUWW by reducing phone dependence, and risk perception is a crucial factor in mitigating the negative effects of phone dependence on MPUWW. <em>Practical applications</em>: To lower MPUWW and thereby minimize the risk of road crashes and associated injuries, it is beneficial to foster present-moment awareness of individuals, encourage individuals to use mobile phones in a balanced and sensible manner, and integrate the enhancement of risk perception into road safety education.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48224,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Safety Research","volume":"90 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141031145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automated driving experiences, attention, and intentions following extensive on-road usage of a level 2 automation vehicle","authors":"David M. Sanbonmatsu,&nbsp;Kaedyn W. Crabtree,&nbsp;Amy S. McDonnell,&nbsp;Joel M. Cooper,&nbsp;David L. Strayer","doi":"10.1016/j.jsr.2024.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsr.2024.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Introduction:</em> An on-road study was conducted to examine the effects of level 2 automation on the stressfulness and enjoyment of driving and driving attention following prolonged usage. The study also examined the changes in the automated driving experience and attention over time as well as important predictors such as pre-driving trust in technology and attitudes toward automated systems. <em>Method</em>: Motorists who had never used automated systems drove a level 2 automation vehicle for a 6–8 week period. <em>Results</em>: Participants reported that the automated systems reduced the stress of driving and made traveling more enjoyable and relaxing. They also reported that the automation did not make traveling boring and take the fun out of driving. Participants indicated that their minds tended to wander when the automation was operating. The stressfulness of the automated driving experience decreased over time. Participants also reported feeling increasingly comfortable driving with the automation without monitoring it closely. The enjoyment and stress of automated driving is important because it shapes the willingness to use the automation and, hence, the safeness of driving. As expected, intentions to use and purchase automated systems were strongly predicted by the perceived favorableness of driving with the automation. Participants’ pre-driving beliefs about automated systems, rather than their trust, appears to have shaped their experiences with the automation. <em>Practical Applications</em>: Although some of the findings suggest that automated systems increase unsafe behavior by novice users, other facets of the surveys suggest that motorists are cognizant of the risks of automated driving and discreet in their usage of the automation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48224,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Safety Research","volume":"90 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141049485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}