Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Existence and uniqueness results for mixed pantograph fractional differential equations equipped with the p-Laplacian operator with impulsive boundary conditions","authors":"Elham Yousefi,&nbsp;Mozhgan Akbari,&nbsp;Mohammad Esmael Samei","doi":"10.1186/s43088-026-00748-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43088-026-00748-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Mixed fractional boundary value problems with impulsive conditions have attracted significant attention due to their applications in various fields. In this study, we investigate the existence and uniqueness of solutions for a mixed fractional boundary value problem with impulsive conditions involving the <span>(texttt{p})</span>-Laplacian operator. The analysis is conducted using the Leray–Schauder and Banach fixed point theorems. Our theoretical findings confirm the existence and uniqueness of solutions under suitable assumptions. To illustrate the applicability of our results, two examples are provided at the end of the paper. The results contribute to the theory of fractional differential equations with impulsive effects and pave the way for further research on related nonlinear boundary value problems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":481,"journal":{"name":"Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s43088-026-00748-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147738289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decoding precision medicine in prediabetes: a citespace-based bibliometric analysis of current trends and future directions","authors":"Manru Xu,&nbsp;Hanyue Gan,&nbsp;Furong Zhong,&nbsp;Mengyuan Qiao,&nbsp;Pan Ren,&nbsp;Yue Zhu,&nbsp;Qi Wang,&nbsp;Wenbin Wu","doi":"10.1186/s43088-026-00762-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43088-026-00762-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Prediabetes is characterized by its high global prevalence and significant risk of progression to diabetes. The current research focus lies in precise risk stratification and intervention, wherein precision medicine plays a critical role by integrating multi-omics data with clinical information. This study examines how precision medicine concepts, including risk stratification, biomarker-guided subtyping, and individualized intervention, have progressively permeated prediabetes research, acknowledging that these ideas often integrate with, rather than replace, traditional prevention frameworks.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>Publications were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC). Visualization and quantitative analyses were conducted using CiteSpace 6.4.R1 and VOSviewer 1.6.20.</p><h3>Result</h3><p>A total of 103 publications were included, involving 607 authors from 347 institutions across 50 countries/regions. The USA led in publication volume and international collaboration, with Harvard Medical School and the University of Copenhagen emerging as the most influential institutions. Journals with high impact factors, such as The Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology and The New England Journal of Medicine, accounted for a substantial share of citations in this corpus. Keyword co-occurrence and burst analyses revealed that research hotspots have shifted from metabolic risk factors such as hypertension and impaired glucose tolerance toward insulin resistance, genetic biomarkers, precision nutrition, and artificial intelligence–assisted patient stratification.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Current research emphasizes individualized intervention strategies supported by multi-omics technologies, continuous glucose monitoring, and artificial intelligence. Future efforts should focus on integrating dynamic biomarkers and personalized nutrition into scalable precision prevention frameworks, offering new avenues for early diagnosis, timely treatment, and stratified interventions in prediabetes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":481,"journal":{"name":"Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s43088-026-00762-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147737832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical audit of testosterone therapy practice patterns for hypoactive sexual desire dysfunction in postmenopausal women","authors":"Bhawna Sharma,&nbsp;Shiaam Thava,&nbsp;Mena Abdalla","doi":"10.1186/s43088-026-00766-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43088-026-00766-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>This retrospective clinical audit evaluates practice patterns and associative outcomes of testosterone therapy for hypoactive sexual desire dysfunction (HSDD) in postmenopausal women. A clinical audit was conducted on 45 postmenopausal women attending a postmenopausal clinic between July 1, 2024, and December 31, 2024, followed for a 3-month period.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>Data extracted included presenting complaints, HSDD symptom identification, baseline and follow-up testosterone levels, counseling on side effects, and adherence to standard dosing protocols. Simulated data, based on observed audit criteria adherence rates from clinical practice, were utilized to demonstrate analytical methodology. Missing data (35.6%) were handled using complete case analysis after confirming missingness completely at random (MCAR).</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Results suggest an association between testosterone therapy and increased testosterone levels from baseline (17.7 ± 4.8 ng/dL) to 3-month follow-up (39.5 ± 7.6 ng/dL) in patients with complete paired data (n = 29) (mean difference: 21.8 ng/dL, 95% CI: [18.2, 25.3], <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001, Cohen’s d: 2.33). Patient compliance rate was 91.1% (95% CI: [79.3%, 96.5%]). Clinical improvement in HSDD symptoms, defined a priori as an increase of ≥ 1.2 points on the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) desire domain, was reported in 78% of patients (95% CI: [63.7%, 87.5%]). While the audit criteria for HSDD screening and appropriate prescribing showed high adherence (95.6% and 100% respectively), there were areas for improvement in baseline (68.9%) and follow-up (64.4%) testosterone level measurements.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This clinical audit highlights the associative benefits of testosterone therapy for HSDD and underscores the critical importance of adherence to clinical guidelines for monitoring. Testosterone therapy is associated with increased circulating testosterone levels in postmenopausal women with corresponding clinical symptom improvement. However, given the use of simulated data for analytical demonstration, definitive conclusions regarding treatment effectiveness cannot be drawn. Further prospective studies with larger cohorts and high-quality randomized controlled trials are warranted to confirm these findings.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":481,"journal":{"name":"Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s43088-026-00766-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147737833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"De novo design and evaluation of dual inhibitory peptide binders targeting MDMX-p53 and MDM2-p53 interactions","authors":"Olanrewaju Ayodeji Durojaye,&nbsp;Sm Faysal Bellah,&nbsp;Henrietta Uzoeto,&nbsp;Somtochukwu Ezechukwu,&nbsp;Amarachukwu Arazu,&nbsp;Judith Nnedimkpa Ajima,&nbsp;Anthonia Ngozi Ngwu,&nbsp;Samuel Cosmas","doi":"10.1186/s43088-026-00765-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43088-026-00765-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The MDMX-p53 and MDM2-p53 interactions are critical regulators of the tumor-suppressive functions of p53, often disrupted in cancers through overexpression of murine double minute X (MDMX) and murine double minute 2 (MDM2).</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>In this study, we designed and computationally evaluated dual inhibitory peptides using RFdiffusion, ProteinMPNN, AlphaFold Multimer, and AlphaFold 3. Electrostatic complementarity, thermal stability, and binding affinity were assessed, followed by 300 ns molecular dynamics (MD) simulations.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Mb2 and Mb4 (MDMX/2 binder 2 and 4) exhibited improved predicted binding affinity, enhanced electrostatic complementarity, and higher thermal stability relative to p53. Structural modeling and comparative validation confirmed reliable peptide–protein interactions. MD simulations further demonstrated stable trajectories, reduced conformational fluctuations, and persistent binding of Mb2 and Mb4 to both MDMX and MDM2.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>These findings identify Mb2 and Mb4 as promising dual inhibitory peptides with potential for restoring p53 activity. This study provides a computational foundation for future experimental validation and therapeutic development.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":481,"journal":{"name":"Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s43088-026-00765-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147737971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization and bioactivities of a novel copper–zinc superoxide dismutase from the marine snail Rapana venosa: antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer effects","authors":"Mai A. Saleh,&nbsp;Mohamed R. Habib,&nbsp;Sherif R. AbdElGhany,&nbsp;Mohamed Fathy Abouel-Nour,&nbsp;Hassan M. M. Masoud","doi":"10.1186/s43088-026-00759-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43088-026-00759-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Marine organisms, particularly snails, are rich sources of bioactive compounds with potential antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer properties, offering promising avenues for drug discovery.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>In this study, <i>Rapana venosa</i> extracts were evaluated for antioxidant enzyme activities and tested for antimicrobial and anticancer effects. Furthermore, a superoxide dismutase (SOD) isoenzyme, designated <i>Rapana venosa</i> superoxide dismutase 1 (RvSOD1), was purified from <i>R. venosa</i> using chromatographic techniques, characterized, and evaluated for its antimicrobial and anticancer activities.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>The crude <i>R. venosa</i> extract demonstrated substantial antioxidant activity, with measurable catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities. It exhibited antimicrobial effects, inhibiting <i>Escherichia coli</i> by 71.2% and <i>Candida albicans</i> by 90.8%. The extract also showed cytotoxicity against human cancer cell lines MCF-7 (breast cancer), MDA-MB-231 (triple-negative breast cancer), and A549 (lung adenocarcinoma). The purified RvSOD1 displayed a specific activity of 600.7 U/mg (7.5-fold purification; 30.4% yield). Characterization indicated that RvSOD1 is a copper–zinc SOD, sensitive to potassium cyanide and activated by Zn²⁺ and Cu²⁺, with an optimum pH of 8.0 and an apparent molecular mass of ~ 90 kDa. Functionally, RvSOD1 showed antifungal activity against <i>C. albicans</i> (79.9% inhibition) and antibacterial activity against <i>E. coli</i>, <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>, and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>. In anticancer assays, RvSOD1 was active against MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells but was less effective against A549 cells. Notably, the crude extract was more effective than purified RvSOD1 against all three cell lines, suggesting synergistic effects or additional bioactive compounds.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Both the <i>R. venosa</i> extract and the isolated RvSOD1 possess significant antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer properties. These findings highlight their potential as promising multifunctional therapeutic candidates for future pharmaceutical and biomedical applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":481,"journal":{"name":"Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s43088-026-00759-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147642427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Natural products as alternative therapies for eye disorders: from traditional use to modern formulations","authors":"Abdullah M. M. Elbadry,&nbsp;Shaza H. Aly,&nbsp;Nada A. Abdelrazek,&nbsp;Riham A. El-Shiekh,&nbsp;Aya Salman,&nbsp;Ahmed Nabil,&nbsp;Ahmed M. Reda,&nbsp;Omneya Eid,&nbsp;Eman G. Manaa,&nbsp;Sherif R. Abdel-All,&nbsp;Mai M. Farid","doi":"10.1186/s43088-026-00757-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43088-026-00757-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Eye disorders represent a global health challenge, requiring the exploration of natural products as alternative remedies.</p><h3>Main body</h3><p>This review establishes a critical bridge between traditional ethnobotanical knowledge and modern clinical ophthalmology to combat irreversible blindness. The analysis is unified by the pathological aspects of oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, and neurodegeneration common to both anterior and posterior ocular segments. We gathered data on plants traditionally used for diverse conditions, ranging from surface ailments (dry eye, keratitis, conjunctivitis, corneal wounds, blepharitis) to deep-tissue pathologies (cataract, glaucoma, macular degeneration, presbyopia, and diabetic retinopathy). The review culminates in a discussion on advanced formulations designed to overcome ocular barriers and enhance delivery. By integrating herbal with pharmacological insights, this work identifies research gaps and the potential for standardized natural products to preserve vision health worldwide.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This review underscores the therapeutic promise of ethnobotanical natural products in targeting oxidative stress, inflammation, and neurodegeneration across ocular pathologies. By elucidating their bioactive compounds and innovative delivery systems, we highlight the potential for standardized formulations as adjuncts or alternatives to conventional therapies for vision preservation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":481,"journal":{"name":"Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s43088-026-00757-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147642491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methanolic extract of Citrus japonica fruits accelerates wound healing in rats: an experimental animal study and LC-HRESIMS metabolomic analysis","authors":"Ingy M. Hashad,&nbsp;Heba A. S. El-Nashar,&nbsp;Dalia O. Saleh,&nbsp;Nesma M. E. Abo El-Nasr,&nbsp;Marwa E. Shabana,&nbsp;Usama R. Abdelmohsen,&nbsp;Nada M. Mostafa,&nbsp;Ahmed M. Mostafa","doi":"10.1186/s43088-026-00758-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43088-026-00758-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p><i>Citrus japonica (C. japonica</i>), known as Kumquat, is small-size edible fruit native to South Asian regions and reported for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. This manuscript aimed to investigate LC-HRESIMS-based metabolomic profiling and wound healing properties of <i>C. japonica</i> fruit extract hydrogel formulation.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>The metabolic profiling of the fruit extract was investigated using LC-HRESIMS. The extract was formulated in hydrogel preparation and examined for in vivo wound healing activity. Twenty rats were divided into four different groups (n = 5); the negative control group did not undergo any wound creation; the positive control group was wounded and did not receive daily application of a topical formulation based on the wound area; the reference group consisted of wounded rats treated with MEBO® ointment applied to the wound area. The remaining group of rats were wounded and received topical preparations of <i>C. japonica</i> with variations in the size of the applicator head. The effects of <i>C. japonica</i> fruit extract were examined on all phases of wound healing via assessment of the expression levels of key markers such as TNF-α, VEGF, PDGF, and TIMP-2. Besides, morphological and histopathological studies were conducted.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>The findings reveal that treatment with <i>C. japonica</i> extract expedites wound healing, showing comparable effectiveness to standard treatments like MEBO®. Understanding these molecular markers provides valuable insights for designing precise treatments that enhance the wound healing process and minimize complications in clinical settings. The LC-HRESIMS revealed the characterization of 21 secondary metabolites belonging to methoxylated flavonoids, phenolic acids, anthocyanins, and coumarins.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p><i>C. japonica</i> gel exhibits significant efficacy in wound healing in vivo and warrants further investigation for potential clinical applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":481,"journal":{"name":"Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s43088-026-00758-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147642490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic and organelle contact-site modulation theory in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease","authors":"Xinyi Kwan,&nbsp;Yujie Wang,&nbsp;Huiqing Liang,&nbsp;Ning Qu,&nbsp;Shaodong Chen,&nbsp;Muhammad Shahzad Aslam","doi":"10.1186/s43088-026-00754-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43088-026-00754-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease affects roughly one third of adults worldwide and is expected to rise further. Despite its growing burden, effective pharmacological therapies remain limited. Emerging evidence indicates that disruption of communication between intracellular organelles, particularly between the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria, plays a central role in hepatic lipid accumulation, oxidative stress, and metabolic dysfunction. Restoration of these inter-organelle contact sites may therefore represent a unifying therapeutic strategy.</p><h3>Main body</h3><p>This narrative review, guided by systematic search principles, examined published studies on selected medicinal herbs and their potential influence on organelle communication in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Six major databases were searched through December 2024. Twenty-eight in vivo, in vitro, and clinical studies met predefined inclusion criteria, focusing on seven botanicals widely used in traditional medicine. To complement thematic synthesis, abstracts were analyzed using computational text mining and network approaches to identify dominant mechanistic patterns. Across the literature, hepatic lipid metabolism and organelle stress emerged as central themes. Network analysis identified liver, lipid, and protein as highly connected concepts linking mechanistic and therapeutic domains. Topic modeling revealed four main research areas: phytochemical interventions, lipid droplet and organelle interface dynamics, metabolic profiling, and steatohepatitis models. Experimental findings indicate that several herbal compounds reduce steatosis, oxidative stress, and fibrosis while improving mitochondrial function and endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis. Lifestyle interventions such as aerobic exercise were also associated with improved lipid droplet and mitochondria interactions. However, most studies inferred modulation of organelle contact sites indirectly through downstream metabolic markers, and direct structural assessment remains limited.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Current evidence suggests that modulation of inter-organelle contact sites may represent a convergent mechanism underlying the hepatoprotective effects of selected medicinal herbs. Enzymes involved in phospholipid remodeling and proteins governing organelle tethering appear as promising but underexplored therapeutic targets. Further mechanistic and multi-omics investigations, supported by well-designed clinical studies, are needed to translate these insights into effective treatments for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":481,"journal":{"name":"Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s43088-026-00754-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147642410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vivo efficacy of Zingiber officinale (Zingiberaceae), Punica granatum (Punicaceae), and Foeniculum vulgare (Apiaceae) extracts against Giardia lamblia trophozoites with evaluation of serum IgE levels","authors":"Abdulkarim Dakah,&nbsp;Ghassan Abdulrahaman,&nbsp;Mohammed Nour Al Kurdi,&nbsp;Yahya assany","doi":"10.1186/s43088-026-00753-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43088-026-00753-y","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Background&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;Giardia lamblia&lt;/i&gt;, a protozoan parasite causing Giardiasis, that is epidemic in the developing countries, is commonly treated with drugs like metronidazole, though resistance and side effects drive interest in herbal alternatives.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;The ethanolic extracts of Ginger (&lt;i&gt;Zingiber officinale&lt;/i&gt;), Pomegranate (&lt;i&gt;Punica granatum&lt;/i&gt;), and Fennel (&lt;i&gt;Foeniculum vulgare&lt;/i&gt;) were prepared and subjected to qualitative phytochemical analysis to detect the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and polyphenols. Stool samples were collected from patients and &lt;i&gt;Giardia lamblia&lt;/i&gt; cysts were isolated. For in vivo experiments, 36 four-week-old BALB/c mice were used. Each mouse was orally inoculated with 0.5 mL of the Giardia cyst suspension (9000 cysts/mL). Infection was confirmed by microscopic examination of fecal samples five days post inoculation. The mice were treated with 300 mg/kg of extracts for 7 days, and the anti-Giardia efficacy of extracts were tested by measuring cyst counts and reduction percentages over 20 days. Blood was drawn from the orbital vein after infection in mice and before treatment and again on day 14 of infection. Serum was obtained by centrifuging blood samples. IgE levels were measured using the Roche Elecsys device, which uses sandwich immunoassay technology that relies on streptavidin binding and electrochemiluminescence.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;All three plants share several phytochemical constituents (tannins, flavonoids, and polyphenols), but there are distinct differences in the presence of saponins and alkaloids among them. Early intervention (Day 5): Among all treatments, fennel showed the greatest initial cyst reduction (50.8%), followed in decreasing order by ginger (43.9%) and finally metronidazole (22.1%). Pomegranate behaved poorly in terms of showing an early effect. Mid-treatment (Day 10): Metronidazole was the foremost (88.1%), with fennel next (82.2%), followed in decreasing order by ginger (76.7%) and then pomegranate (69.5%). Day 20: Metronidazole remained the most effective (98.1%) while fennel (90.9%) and ginger (90.5%) were approaching similar efficacy, and pomegranate having attained (81.3%). IgE modulation: All extracts counteracted the elevated levels of IgE post-treatment; however, among all, pomegranate was the most potent in achieving a maximum reduction (45%), with ginger being next at (33%), followed by fennel at (30%) and metronidazole at (28%).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;Fennel and ginger extracts show promising anti-Giardia activity, especially in cyst reduction, while pomegranate extract, although slower in initial antiparasitic action, excels in modulating immune response by significantly reducing IgE levels. These findings support the potential of these plant extracts as adjunct therapies for giardiasis, combining antiparasitic effects with immune modulation, which may enhance treatment outcomes and reduce reliance on convention","PeriodicalId":481,"journal":{"name":"Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s43088-026-00753-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147561458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biological control of Tetranychus urticae mite by predatory mites compared to pesticides on strawberry plants under field conditions","authors":"Manal A. Abdel Razik,&nbsp;Zamzam M. Al Dhafar,&nbsp;Mohamed A. Osman,&nbsp;Mohamed E. Sweelam","doi":"10.1186/s43088-026-00741-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43088-026-00741-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The two-spotted spider mite, <i>Tetranychus urticae</i> (<i>T. urticae</i>) is one of the most serious pests affecting strawberry plants. The use of various chemical pesticides has posed numerous environmental risks, necessitating the search for alternative solutions that are safer and more sustainable, such as the use of biological control agents, which offer an effective and environmentally friendly method in pest management.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>This study was conducted to compare the biological control of the two-spotted spider mite by releasing predatory mites three times over two successive seasons, comparing to three pesticide systems applied by two methods as well as, to estimate the impact of the release processes and applied pesticides on strawberry yield.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>The predatory mites: <i>Phytoseiulus persimilis</i> (<i>P. persimilis</i>), and <i>Neoseiulus californicus</i> (<i>N. californicus</i>), demonstrated significant efficacy in reducing populations of <i>T. urticae</i> on strawberry plants during 2023 and 2024 seasons. <i>P. persimilis</i> outperformed the other species, recording the lowest numbers of eggs and motile stages of the pest, with reduction rates of 81.7% and 84.9% in the 2023 season, and 72.6% and 76.6% in the 2024 season. <i>N. californicus</i> ranked second in effectiveness, with reduction rates of 78.4% and 74.6% in the 2023 season, and 68.9% and 70.4% in the 2024 season. The chemical treatment of (thiamethoxam, micronized sulfur, and mineral oil) also showed good efficacy, particularly when applied as a foliar spray, with reduction rates of 85.7% and 81.5% in the 2023 season, and 68.1% and 71.4% in the 2024 season. Regarding strawberry yield, the biological treatment with <i>P. persimilis</i> achieved the highest increase in yield, with 38.7% in the 2023 season and 39.7% in the 2024 season. Among the chemical treatments, the foliar spray of thiamethoxam, micronized sulfur, and mineral oil resulted in the highest yield increase, with 46.2% in the 2023 season and 44% in the 2024 season.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>It could be recommend the use of <i>P. persimilis</i> and <i>N. californicus</i> predators along with the treatment of (thiamethoxam-micronized sulfur-mineral oil) to control <i>T. urticae</i> infestation on strawberry plants under field conditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":481,"journal":{"name":"Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s43088-026-00741-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147561459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}