Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Comparative study of anti-staphylococcal efficacy: traditional homeopathic dilutions vs. nano-enhanced Rhus Tox formulations","authors":"Pritam Goswami,&nbsp;Anamitra Goswami,&nbsp;Moumita Sil,&nbsp;Ishita Chatterjee,&nbsp;Mausumi Ray,&nbsp;Arunava Goswami,&nbsp;Sayak Ghosh,&nbsp;Shubhamoy Ghosh,&nbsp;Satadal Das,&nbsp;Subhajit Chakraborty","doi":"10.1186/s43088-024-00585-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43088-024-00585-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p><i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> is a leading cause of death, especially among the elderly. This bacterium produces several surface membrane proteins, with staphylococcal protein A (SpA) being particularly important. Despite its prevalence, there are no targeted treatments available for geriatric patients. In homeopathy, <i>Rhus toxicodendron</i> (RT) is frequently used in various dilutions-Mother Tincture (MT), 6CH, 30CH, and 200CH- for conditions like skin infections, soft tissue disorders, and joint ailments.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>In this study, we evaluated the effects of <i>Rhus toxicodendron</i> (RT) at different concentrations on <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> through bacterial plate cultures and compared the outcomes with Nano-RT. Notably, Nano-RT MT is not commercially available. This research is the first to showcase both the efficacy and biosafety of the innovative nano-ZnO RT MT homeopathic formulation.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>This study examined the inhibitory effects of <i>Rhus toxicodendron</i> in its Mother Tincture (MT) form and in 6CH, 30CH, and 200CH dilutions against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>. Nano-ZnO was synthesized from <i>Rhus toxicodendron</i> MT and combined to create Nano-MT. Both Rhus Tox MT and Nano-RT MT demonstrated significant inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus within 24 h of application.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Rhus Tox MT and Nano-RT MT present promising new options for treating <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> infections in elderly patients. Furthermore, studies have demonstrated that Nano-RT MT is completely biologically safe in mice.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":481,"journal":{"name":"Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://bjbas.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s43088-024-00585-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142826445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chamomile flowers extract protects against thinner inhalation-induced lung toxicity via attenuating cytochrome P2E1 activity, surfactant deficiency, and alveolar structural injury in rats","authors":"Azza M. Elgharieb,&nbsp;Azza M. El-Wakf,&nbsp;Abeer E. Abdrabouh","doi":"10.1186/s43088-024-00587-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43088-024-00587-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Lungs are adversely affected by repeated exposure to thinner fumes. This study aimed to examine the pulmonary toxic effects of chronic thinner inhalation and the possible protection by chamomile administration. Adult male Wistar rats were exposed to thinner fumes for 8 weeks (4 h/day, 6 days/week), while chamomile flower extract (400 mg/kg body weight) was given orally during thinner exposure for the same period.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>The study showed lung damage following chronic thinner exposure through increased cytochrome P2E1 (CYP2E1), superoxide anion (O₂^•−), hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), and malondialdehyde (MDA), with decreased antioxidant enzymes; superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT). Moreover, an elevation of lung enzymes; alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) with depletion in total protein and albumin contents in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were observed. Thinner exposure also exhibited increased lung deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage, transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), hydroxyproline (HYP), and collagen type 1 (COL-1), with decreased serum surfactant protein-A (SP-A), total and differential leukocytes (WBCs) count, except for neutrophils. Histological investigations revealed deteriorative changes along with accumulated collagen fibers affecting the lung and other respiratory organs.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Supplementation of chamomile extract succeeded in preventing thinner-induced lung oxidative stress, enzyme leakage, surfactant deficiency, DNA damage, fibrosis, and histological injury. Therefore, consumption of chamomile extract could be recommended for alleviating thinner-induced health hazards and lung toxicity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":481,"journal":{"name":"Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://bjbas.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s43088-024-00587-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142798338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrical properties of chelating copolymers and their metal complexes: binary chelating copolymers of styrene with organic acids","authors":"Mohamed Yahia,&nbsp;Dalia Refaat,&nbsp;Gaber El-Enany,&nbsp;Mahmoud Ahmed Abd El-Ghaffar","doi":"10.1186/s43088-024-00583-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43088-024-00583-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The emulsion polymerization of vinyl monomers has been extensively researched, but copolymerization with crotonic acid or cinnamic acid is relatively uncommon. These acids are capable of coordinating with other metal ions. Our previous research has focused on synthesizing and characterizing copolymers of butyl acrylate (BuA)/vinyl acetate (VAc) and styrene-BuA using emulsion techniques, specifically for paint applications. The current work aimed to synthesize and characterize three binary chelating copolymers of styrene with maleic, cinnamic, and crotonic acids. In addition, the prepared chelating copolymers were treated with water and soluble salts of copper and iron for complex formation. Additionally, the characterization and electrical properties of these copolymers were investigated.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>This article reports the synthesis of three binary copolymers of styrene with cinnamic, crotonic, and maleic acids via an emulsion polymerization process using a redox initiation system of potassium persulfate/glucose in the presence of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate as an emulsifier. The prepared emulsions of the copolymers were precipitated and purified using Soxhlet extraction in a mixture of n-hexane and toluene. Spectroscopic measurements, including Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H-NMR), and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), in addition to thermal analysis methods like thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were employed to characterize the copolymers that were synthesized. The metal complexes of the chelating copolymers were prepared by treatment with soluble metal salts of Co(II), Cu(II), and Fe(III), purified, and characterized via IR, PXRD, TGA, and DSC. The semiconducting properties of the chelating polymers and their metal complexes were demonstrated through conductivity measurements taken at room temperature. The conductivity values ranged from 10⁻³ to 10⁻⁶ Ω⁻¹ cm⁻¹.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The research underscores the significance of the electrical characteristics of chelating copolymers and their metal complexes, particularly focusing on styrene-based binary chelating copolymers, in driving advancements in technology, science, and economic development.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":481,"journal":{"name":"Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://bjbas.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s43088-024-00583-w","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142798256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of red algae and artichoke extracts in disrupting antioxidant/PI3K/RBP-4 pathway in high-fat diet-induced metabolic disorders in rats","authors":"Bashayer Khaled Alrashidi,&nbsp;Alshimaa A. Abd-Elmoneam,&nbsp;Ahmad Z. Ghareeb,&nbsp;Doaa A. Ghareeb","doi":"10.1186/s43088-024-00586-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43088-024-00586-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Insulin resistance (IR) leads to various metabolic abnormalities, including diabetes mellitus, obesity, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, and neurodegenerative disorders. Natural products rich in nontoxic phytochemicals are cost-effective and widely used to manage insulin resistance, reducing drug interactions. Artichoke stems and red algae contain several phytochemical compounds that exert antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.</p><h3>Aim</h3><p>This study aims to explore and compare the preventive and therapeutic effects of red algae and artichoke stem extracts against high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance and then compare their impacts with those of the reference drug metformin, which is commonly used for treating type 2 diabetes.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>The animals were fed a high-fat diet for eight weeks to induce insulin resistance. The plants were then treated orally with 100 mg/kg body weight red algae, artichoke extracts, or metformin per day for 14 days. The protective rat groups received the extracts at the same dose for 14 days before being fed the high-fat diet for eight weeks. Commercial kits and standardized methods were used to measure blood diabetic profiles (glucose, insulin, lipid profile, fructosamine, and retinol-binding protein-4 (RBP-4)) and liver oxidative stress parameters, nuclear factor-κβ (NF-κβ), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ), phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K), retinol-binding protein-4 (RBP-4), and phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN).</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Our results showed that both extracts inhibited NF-κB and PTEN while enhancing PI3K, RPB-4, and PPAR-γ due to their potent antioxidant properties. They also increased insulin sensitivity, as reflected by reduced blood glucose and lipid profile levels and normalized fructosamine and RBP-4. Additionally, these extracts prevent oxidative stress-induced hepatic and nephric cell dysfunction, as confirmed by improved blood, liver, and kidney parameters.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Therefore, both extracts could be good antioxidant treatments for oxidative stress-related insulin resistance because they restore the balance of the PI3K/PPAR-γ/RBP-4 pathway. This pathway increases glucose uptake, stops gluconeogenesis, speeds up lipid metabolism, and stops the inflammation pathway.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":481,"journal":{"name":"Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://bjbas.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s43088-024-00586-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142790361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of steel fibers and carbon nanotubes on the flexural behavior of hybrid GFRP/steel reinforced concrete beams","authors":"Amany Salman,&nbsp;Ahmed Hassan,&nbsp;H. I. Ahmed","doi":"10.1186/s43088-024-00584-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43088-024-00584-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars offer a superior alternative to steel bars in concrete reinforcement but are associated with wider cracks and higher deformation rates. This study introduces a novel approach by combining steel fibers (SFs) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to address these drawbacks and enhance the performance of GFRP-reinforced concrete beams. The unique contribution of this study lies in the simultaneous use of SFs and CNTs, which has not been extensively investigated, particularly in the context of GFRP-reinforced concrete. The study involved testing three sets of nine specimens with different concrete mixtures and reinforcement forms.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>The results showed that adding 0.04% CNTs by cement weight and 0.6% SFs by volume fraction significantly improved the mechanical performance of GFRP and steel reinforced beams. GFRP reinforced beams with CNTs and SFs exhibited a reduction in crack width, a 20% increase in load-carrying capacity, and a 25% reduction in deflection compared to reference specimens. Scanning electron microscope analysis further revealed that CNTs effectively enhanced tensile load transfer, improving flexural behavior of the beams. The finite element analysis using ANSYS confirmed the experimental findings, highlighting the improved stress distribution in the modified concrete mixtures.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Incorporating SFs and CNTs in concrete significantly improves the mechanical performance of GFRP-reinforced beams, making them more durable and resilient. These findings suggest that the proposed approach can enhance the longevity and sustainability of concrete structures, particularly in dynamic load applications such as bridges and high-rise buildings. Further experimental and analytical studies are recommended to assess the practical implications and cost-effectiveness of these materials in large-scale construction projects.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":481,"journal":{"name":"Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://bjbas.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s43088-024-00584-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142798329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor sitagliptin ameliorates inflammation and autophagy in mice hindlimb ischemia–reperfusion injury","authors":"Marwa Abdeltawab Mohammed,&nbsp;Dalia Abdel-Wahab Mohamed,&nbsp;Asmaa A. Abo Zeid,&nbsp;Marian F. L. Abdelmalak,&nbsp;Maha Tarek Mohamed,&nbsp;Dina Sayed Abdelrahim","doi":"10.1186/s43088-024-00558-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43088-024-00558-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Ischemia-reperfusion injury (I/R) for skeletal muscle usually results from vascular injuries or trauma. Sitagliptin (STG) is an effective member of the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors drug family that plays roles in oxidative stress regulation, inflammation, and autophagy control. In this study, we evaluated the protective roles of STG against I/R of gastrocnemius muscle and the underlying mechanisms.</p><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>Forty-eight mice were randomly allocated into three groups: Group I (<i>n</i> = 24): control group which was subdivided equally into subgroup IA; negative control, subgroup IB; sitagliptin (STG), Group II (<i>n</i> = 12): ischemia–reperfusion injury (I/R), and Group III (<i>n</i> = 12): sitagliptin pretreatment (300 mg/kg/ day; p.o.) for two weeks followed by ischemia–reperfusion injury (STG + I/R). We measured SOD activity and MDA level to assess oxidative stress. Moreover, GLP-1/p-PI3K/ p-AKT expression levels were investigated. Autophagy was estimated by assessing lncRNA H19, Beclin-1 and ATG7 expression by RT-qPCR analysis. Inflammatory markers were assessed by iNOS and NF‐κB expression using immunohistochemistry.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Our results revealed that STG pretreatment significantly attenuated oxidative stress and inflammation and upregulated GLP-1, p-PI3K, and p-AKT protein levels. Also, LnRNA H19, Becline-1, and ATG7 mRNA expression were downregulated as well as decrease the expression of the inflammatory markers iNOS and NF‐κB with STG pretreatment.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Our results highlighted the useful effects of Sitagliptin during hind limb I/R that could be mediated by antioxidant, anti-inflammatory effects, and attenuation of excessive autophagy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":481,"journal":{"name":"Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://bjbas.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s43088-024-00558-x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142778095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retinoic acid inhibition of cell proliferation via activation of CDKN1B signaling in the forebrain and spinal cord during mouse embryonic development","authors":"Ahmed Said,&nbsp;Amira S. AbdElkhalek,&nbsp;Mariam Sherief,&nbsp;Lydia Amir,&nbsp;Maysem Samy,&nbsp;Mariam S. Nabil,&nbsp;Gehan Safwat,&nbsp;Ayman A. Diab,&nbsp;Karima Nasraldin","doi":"10.1186/s43088-024-00582-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43088-024-00582-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The active metabolite of vitamin A (retinol) is retinoic acid (RA). RA is essential for developing several organs as a signaling molecule that is tightly regulated during embryogenesis. We explored the teratogenic effects of RA on forebrain and spinal cord development modified by cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B (<i>CDKN1B</i>), as the mechanism underlying RA's teratogenic impacts requires further investigation. The study involved four groups of pregnant mice: the negative control group, the positive control group treated with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) diluted in sunflower oil, the RA-treated group receiving a low dosage (5 mg/kg), and the RA-treated group receiving a high dosage (10 mg/kg). The treatment groups received daily intraperitoneal RA dissolved in DMSO and diluted with sunflower oil on gestational days 10.5, 11.5, and 12.5. On day 13.5 of pregnancy, the pregnant mice were euthanized by cervical dislocation, and immunohistochemical analyses of brain and spinal cord tissues were performed.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Morphologically, we observed a decrease in the number of implantation sites and the presence of hematomas in several uterus areas in the high-dose RA (10 mg/kg) group. Additionally, RA was shown to cause adverse changes in uterine weight and length. RA treatment indicated elevated levels of <i>CDKN1B</i> expression in spinal cord development, the diencephalon, and the telencephalon.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Our findings demonstrated that by activating <i>CDKN1B</i> as an RA target gene for cell cycle arrest, an excess of RA during brain development in mouse embryos can induce cell undifferentiation during development.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":481,"journal":{"name":"Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://bjbas.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s43088-024-00582-x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142753936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rational design of cobalt oxide nanocubes arrays on Ni foam as durable and robust electrocatalyst for urea electro-oxidation","authors":"Mona M. Ismail,&nbsp;Ahmed A. Farghali,&nbsp;Ahmed G. El-Deen","doi":"10.1186/s43088-024-00572-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43088-024-00572-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Cobalt oxide (Co₃O₄) is a promising electrocatalyst for efficient urea electro-oxidation, tackling power consumption and environmental challenges. The controllable design of free-standing Co₃O₄ nanostructures grown on Ni foam (NF) substrates was achieved using a green and facile hydrothermal approach. Different reducing agents were applied to synthesize various morphological structures of Co₃O₄, including nanoparticles, nanowires, and nanocubes (NCs) morphologies.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>The as-fabricated electrodes were investigated as electrocatalysts for enhanced urea electro-oxidation. Because of its 3D nanostructure with minimal agglomeration and a large interfacial surface area with adequate electroactive sites, the Co₃O₄ NCs/NF had the best energy conversion efficiency of any electrode toward the urea oxidation process. These distinctive features facilitated the electron and urea routes used in the urea electro-oxidation process. It had a low-onset potential of 194.2 mV (vs. Hg/HgO) and a current density of 90.2 mA cm⁻² in a 1 M KOH electrolyte. The electrocatalyst demonstrated excellent anodic activity for urea electro-oxidation with an onset potential of 196.7 mV and a current density of 256.1 mA cm⁻² in 1 M KOH + 0.3 M urea concentration. Furthermore, the Co₃O₄ NCs/NF exhibited long-term stability, as shown by chronoamperometry and stepwise tests after 3600 s in the presence of urea under various operating conditions.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Compared to all the fabricated Co₃O₄ nanostructures, the Co₃O₄ nanocubes revealed the highest electrocatalytic performance toward urea electro-oxidation in all concentrations. Therefore, Co₃O₄ NCs/NF is a promising, robust, and efficient electrocatalyst for direct urea fuel cell applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":481,"journal":{"name":"Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://bjbas.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s43088-024-00572-z","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142753963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new record of avian reovirus genogroup clusters isolated and molecularly characterized in chickens in Egypt","authors":"Eslam Arafa,&nbsp;Hanan M. F. Abdien,&nbsp;Mohamed A. Zain El-Abideen,&nbsp;Emad Diab,&nbsp;Mohamed Tarek,&nbsp;Mohsen M. Z. El-Dimerdash,&nbsp;Wael K. Elfeil","doi":"10.1186/s43088-024-00568-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43088-024-00568-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The global poultry industry has been experiencing increasing condemnation at slaughterhouses since 2011, due to the emergence of avian reovirus (ARV) variant strains. Recently seven ARV genogroup clusters were identified based on the σC sequence of the S1 segment that was used as a genetic marker to characterize and classify ARV.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Among ninety-seven suspected broilers, breeders, and commercial grandparent’s homogenates, ARV was PCR confirmed in thirty-five (36%). Samples were collected from different governorates in Egypt, including Giza–Ismailia–Sharqia–Menoufia, and Behira, between 2020 and 2023. A viral isolation trial was performed on weak positive samples, successfully isolating sixteen samples on the LMH cell line forming the characteristic giant cells of ARV infection. Partial sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the σC gene of ten ARV PCR positive samples revealed the circulation of ARV genogroup clusters 1, 2, 4, and 5, eight samples being distinguished from commercially available vaccine strains with a low percentage of nucleotides and amino acid identities.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This research demonstrated that the ARV isolates were distinct compared to commercially available vaccine strains based on partial σC sequence. Detection, isolation, and classification of ARV as genogroups 1, 2, 4, and 5 are recorded. A vigilant surveillance to evaluate the ARV situation in Egypt is urgent. We recommend re-evaluating the ARV commercial vaccines by challenging them with circulating Egyptian field isolates, as well as their cross-protection. In addition, the development of autologous vaccines from both classical and variant strains to provide optimal protection.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":481,"journal":{"name":"Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://bjbas.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s43088-024-00568-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142714627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retraction Note: Ameliorative effects of Artemisia and Echinacea extracts against hepato and cardiotoxicity induced by DMBA on albino rats: experimental and molecular docking analyses","authors":"Ebtihal salah,&nbsp;Heba El esh,&nbsp;Eman S. Abdel-Reheim,&nbsp;Manal Abdul-Hamid","doi":"10.1186/s43088-024-00581-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43088-024-00581-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":481,"journal":{"name":"Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://bjbas.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s43088-024-00581-y","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142714204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}