Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Antioxidant activity, Alpha-glucosidase inhibition, and in silico molecular docking of Vitellaria paradoxa C.F. Gaertn fruit","authors":"Usman Muhammad,&nbsp;Muhammad Tukur Ibrahim,&nbsp;Abubakar Abdullahi Lema,&nbsp;Aishatu Ishaq Jumare,&nbsp;Hajara Aminu Usman,&nbsp;Amina Balarabe Shehu,&nbsp;Abdulrahman Mahmoud Dogara","doi":"10.1186/s43088-026-00803-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43088-026-00803-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p><i>Vitellaria paradoxa</i>, has been traditionally utilized in African medicine due to its nutritional and therapeutic benefits; however, its bioactive profile and molecular mechanisms are still not thoroughly investigated.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>Hydrogen Peroxide (H₂O₂) Scavenging Activity, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) Assay and Alpha-glucosidase Inhibition were evaluated. Compounds were identified via gas chromatography and Mass spectrometer and subjected to molecular docking.</p><h3>Results</h3><p><i>V. paradoxa</i> fruit demonstrates pharmacological activity that is dependent on the solvent used, with ethyl acetate producing the highest total flavonoid content (121.5 mg QE/g) and phenolic content (142.5 mg GAE/g). The most potent radical scavenging activity was observed in the ethanol extract (IC₅₀ = 3.8 µg/mL), followed by significant H₂O₂ (IC₅₀ = 11.8 µg/mL). Furthermore, the ethyl acetate fraction exhibited the FRAP at 39.5 mmol Fe²⁺/g. Molecular docking simulations identified Oleanan-12-en-3-ol as the best binder of 3AJ7 (3AJ7, -138.2 kcal/mol) with interactions between LYS156, PRO312, ARG315 and TYR158 and methyl linoleate as a superior Human Peroxiredoxin 5 (PRDX5, PDB ID: 1HD2) (-133.7 kcal/mol) binder via binding to VAL70, ARG95 and LEU62. </p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The high negative binding energy of Oleanan-12-en-3-ol directly translates the low IC₅₀ value of the ethylacetate extract because of the stable, thermodynamically and robust interaction of the enzyme active site and the compound. These combined in vitro and in silico findings imply that the fruits of <i>V. paradoxa</i> are rich in multifunctional phytochemicals that exhibit strong antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory properties. Future studies should adopt animal models and clinical trials.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":481,"journal":{"name":"Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s43088-026-00803-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148465404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elucidate the nexus between sonic hedgehog, fibroblast growth factor, Wnt/beta signalling on regulatory kinases for CRMP2 in neurodegenerative disorders","authors":"Sumit Kumar,&nbsp;Rupesh Kumar Pandey,&nbsp;Lubhan Singh,&nbsp;Aradhana Prajapati","doi":"10.1186/s43088-026-00806-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43088-026-00806-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Neurodegenerative disorders (NDD) are a heterogenous group of neurological conditions characterized by progressive neuronal loss that leads to neuronal death within the brain and spinal cord. This abrupt neuronal connection leads to the development of diverse neurodegenerative disorders. It includes dementia, Alzheimer’s disease, Huntington’s disease, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and Pick’s Disease.</p><h3>Main Body</h3><p>Clinical manifestations of neurodegenerative diseases, including cognitive decline, motor dysfunction, and behavioral changes may occur before neuronal loss becomes evident. This correlation is complex as symptoms can appear prior to any specific type of neuronal loss, and some other factors such as inflammation can serve a potential role for the progression of neurological symptoms. Multiple triggering agents, including age, genetic, lifestyle, and environmental factors, contribute to establishing a habitat that is detrimental to neuron lifespan. Therefore, we may anticipate a startling number of instances in the near future. The main goal of this paper is to emphasize the fundamental molecular and cellular pathways that are primarily responsible for the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative disorders. We have conducted a comprehensive literature review of numerous databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, and Research Gate, in order to accomplish this objective. Findings suggest that several signaling pathways regulate a variety of kinases, including Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 Beta (GSK3β), Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5), andRho-associated kinase (ROCK), which phosphorylate CRMP2 and impair neuronal polarity and axonal growth.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>We hypothesize that inhibition of GSK3β and CDK5 may reduce hyperphosphorylation of CRMP2, which is regulated by kinase activity modulated by upstream signaling networks including the Wnt/β-catenin, Shh, FGF, and JAK/STAT.</p><h3>Clinical trial number</h3><p>Not applicable.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":481,"journal":{"name":"Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s43088-026-00806-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148465341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tracheal wash cytology as a supportive diagnostic aid in canine bacterial bronchopneumonia: a prospective descriptive study","authors":"Jasleen Kaur,&nbsp;Swaran Singh,&nbsp;Gurpreet Singh Preet,&nbsp;Arun Anand,&nbsp;Kuldip Gupta","doi":"10.1186/s43088-026-00799-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43088-026-00799-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Bacterial bronchopneumonia is a challenging condition to diagnose in dogs due to the variable clinical presentations and the nonspecific thoracic radiographic findings.</p><h3>Aims</h3><p>This study aimed to descriptively characterize the diagnostic utility of transtracheal wash cytology and culture, along with the clinical, arterial blood gas and radiographic alterations, in the dogs diagnosed with bacterial bronchopneumonia.</p><h3>Clinical presentation</h3><p>Seven affected dogs were presented with bilateral nasal discharge (mucopurulent (n=3), serous (n=2), absent (n=2)), moist or productive cough (marked (n=4), moderate (n=3)), tachypnea (n=3), dyspnea (n=3), anorexia (n=3), lethargy (n=3), fever (n=1), dehydration (n=4), weight loss (n=2), exercise intolerance (n=5) and presence of tracheal sensitivity in 6 dogs. On chest auscultation abnormal lung sounds were heard in all the dogs with apparent crackles in 2/7, wheezes in 2/7 and increased bronchovesicular sounds in 3/7 animals.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>Complete blood count, serum protein levels, plasma fibrinogen, arterial blood gas analysis, thoracic radiography and transtracheal wash was taken for the cytological interpretation and culture sensitivity testing in all diseased dogs.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>The present study showed relative or/and absolute neutrophilia in the affected dogs. Hypoalbuminaemia (5/7) and hyperfibrinogenaemia (6/7) were recorded on biochemical examination along with hypoxemia (7/7) on blood gas analysis. Thoracic radiography showed presence of mixed interstitial and alveolar pattern in 5 dogs, only interstitial in 1/7 and typical alveolar pattern in only 1/7 dog. Transtracheal wash cytology revealed markedly increased cellularity with majority of degenerated and non-degenerated neutrophils along with few macrophages, occasional sloughed epithelial cells and curschmann’s spirals indicative of long-standing chronic inflammation along with positive culture reports.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>So the study descriptively characterizes the bacterial bronchopneumonia in dogs using clinical, arterial blood gas, radiographic, tracheal wash cytology and bacteriological findings. Among these, tracheal wash cytology appeared to provide useful supportive diagnostic information for identifying the airway inflammation and associated bacterial infection in the affected dogs. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first descriptive report from India evaluating transtracheal wash cytology in canine bacterial bronchopneumonia cases.</p><h3>Clinical trial number</h3><p>Not applicable.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":481,"journal":{"name":"Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s43088-026-00799-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148380669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An overview of blowing and suction perforations for boundary layer control on airfoils","authors":"Diab Yousri M.,&nbsp;Mohamed A. Ibrahim,&nbsp;ElRefaie M. ElFaisal","doi":"10.1186/s43088-026-00775-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43088-026-00775-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Boundary-layer separation remains one of the primary challenges in aerodynamic design, significantly influencing lift, drag, and stall behaviour in airfoils and related systems. Boundary Layer Control (BLC) techniques based on blowing and suction through perforated surfaces have gained increasing attention due to their ability to delay separation and enhance aerodynamic efficiency. However, existing research remains fragmented across active and passive control strategies, and a comprehensive synthesis of their performance characteristics is still limited.</p><h3>Main body of the abstract</h3><p>This review compiles and analyses findings from peer-reviewed studies on BLC, focusing on the aerodynamic effects of blowing and suction through perforated airfoil surfaces. The collected literature is classified into active and passive control strategies and includes steady and synthetic jet actuation, as well as porous configurations. Key design parameters such as jet number, location, orientation, velocity ratio, and orifice geometry are examined to evaluate their influence on flow separation suppression, wake modulation, dynamic stall mitigation, and lift-to-drag enhancement. The review compares experimental and computational results, highlighting consistent trends in jet configuration performance, Reynolds number sensitivity, and unsteady flow response. Active control methods, especially steady and synthetic jets, provide highly tunable and efficient means of improving aerodynamic performance, while passive approaches, such as perforated or porous surfaces, are advantageous for low-energy or geometrically constrained applications, although they exhibit lower control authority.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The reviewed studies indicate that blowing and suction through perforated surfaces can significantly improve boundary-layer behaviour under specific flow conditions. Active techniques, particularly steady and synthetic jets, demonstrate high control authority and adaptability, while passive methods offer energy-efficient alternatives with more limited effectiveness. However, performance remains strongly dependent on design parameters such as jet configuration, location, and momentum input. Therefore, further research is required to optimise these systems under varying aerodynamic conditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":481,"journal":{"name":"Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s43088-026-00775-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148323065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic effect of green synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles coupled with various antibiotics against emerging multidrug resistant bacteria: characterization and therapeutic potentials evaluation","authors":"Sanaa S. Zaki,&nbsp;Sanaa M. Ashour,&nbsp;Reham Said Metwally,&nbsp;Zeinab M. H. Kheiralla","doi":"10.1186/s43088-026-00773-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43088-026-00773-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Antibiotic resistance is a worldwide health crisis that threatens public health systems and medical regimens, underscoring the urgent need for new antibacterial drugs. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the antibacterial efficacy of biosynthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) utilizing rosemary leaves (RL) and pomegranate peels aqueous extracts (PPAEs) against pathogenic multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria either alone or with antibiotics along with their antioxidant and cytotoxic potential.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Antibiotic susceptibility tests revealed higher rates of resistance among <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (93.7%) than among the Gram-negative pathogens, <i>K. pneumoniae</i> (91.7%), <i>E. coli</i> (89.6%) and <i>P. aeruginosa</i> (75%). Importantly, two <i>K. pneumoniae</i> strains and two <i>S. aureus</i> strains, were found to be resistant to all the antibiotics tested, including Imipenem (Carbapenems) and Vancomycin &amp; Teicoplanin (Glycopeptides), which are considered the last line of defense against MDR microbes. The prepared ZnONPs utilizing RL and PPAEs were characterized via UV–visible spectroscopy, which revealed characteristic peaks at 300 and 310 nm, respectively. High–resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), revealed spherical and hexagonal shapes, respectively, and zeta potential analysis, revealed that the surface charges of the ZnONPs were -13.3 and -37.0 mV, respectively, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to verify the crystal structure and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra of the ZnONPs, confirming the identity of the distinct functional groups in the ZnONPs. The formed ZnONPs utilizing RL and PPAEs exhibited significant antibacterial efficiency, with inhibitory zones of 13.5 ± 0.3 – 25 ± 0.2 and 13 ± 0.1 – 23 ± 0.2 mm, respectively, against Gram-negative bacteria and 15 ± 0.1 – 21.3 ± 0.3 and 13 ± 0.1 – 15 ± 0.1 mm, respectively, against <i>S. aureus</i>. Moreover, ZnONPs displayed significant synergistic effects with Ampicillin/Sulbactam, Cefotaxime and Norfloxacin against the tested bacteria, including those that were resistant to all the antibiotics tested. The ZnONPs produced via RLAE exhibited greater antioxidant activity than those produced utilizing PPAE. Interestingly, the ZnONPs bioformed via RL and PPAEs had CC50 values of 497 ± 0.8 and 85.69 ± 0.3 µg/ml, respectively, in human lung fibroblast (MRC-5) cells, confirming their safety in normal cells and IC50 values of 212 ± 0.5 and 27.93 ± 0.2 µg/ml, respectively, in hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG-2) cells, revealing their promising anticancer potential.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Green ZnONPs synthesized utilizing RL and PPAEs were found to be safe and nontoxic and may pave the way for future combination therapy against MDR bacteria because of their potential synergistic impact with antibiotics.</p><h3>Clinical trial number</h3><p>Not applicable.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":481,"journal":{"name":"Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s43088-026-00773-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148323045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancement in dissolving microneedles drug delivery system for the management of Alzheimer’s disease: a systematic review","authors":"Adnan Khan,&nbsp;Molakpogu Ravindra Babu,&nbsp;Balamurugan Balusamy,&nbsp;Arya Tripathi,&nbsp;Shriyansh Srivastava,&nbsp;Manish Vyas,&nbsp;Rishabha Malviya","doi":"10.1186/s43088-026-00776-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43088-026-00776-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Alzheimer’s disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disease where the existing oral therapies are limited due to poor bioavailability, gastrointestinal side effects, and lack of brain-blood barrier crossing. Dissolving microneedles have become a low-invasive form of transdermal drug delivery system that potentially overcomes these drawbacks by circumventing the first-pass metabolism and increasing systemic absorption.</p><h3>Main body</h3><p>This systematic review is an evaluation of the potential of dissolving microneedles to administer anti-Alzheimer drugs in preclinical trials. A detailed search of the literature (PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar) was conducted without date limitations, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Among the 3,387 studies identified, 11 met the inclusion criteria. The studies selected examined the use of dissolving microneedle systems to deliver agents such as Donepezil, Rivastigmine, Huperzine A, Telmisartan, and others. In all studies, there was enhanced absorption of dissolved microneedles, increased permeability of the biologic barrier, and desirable safety profiles compared with traditional administration routes. Some studies also showed improved cognitive outcomes in models of Alzheimer’s disease. Microneedle designs with tip loading allowed an increased loading of drugs at the tip of the needle, and the rapid dissolution in interstitial fluid following painless penetration of the stratum corneum. This enabled the administration of therapeutic agents effectively into the systemic circulation. Microneedle geometry, fabrication materials and composition affected the efficacy of these systems.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Dissolving microneedles are an innovative approach to delivering anti-Alzheimer drugs transdermally, offering improved bioavailability and safety and the potential to target the brain. Their clinical applicability and the optimal use of their formulation parameters in humans should be validated through further research.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":481,"journal":{"name":"Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s43088-026-00776-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148323413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antiparasitic, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects of Portulaca oleracea against Cryptosporidium parvum in experimentally infected immunosuppressed mice","authors":"Asmaa A. Abo Elqasem,&nbsp;Hend M. El-Menyawy,&nbsp;Doaa Abdel-Fattah Ahmed Amer,&nbsp;Eman S. El-Wakil","doi":"10.1186/s43088-026-00795-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43088-026-00795-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p><i>Cryptosporidium</i> infection poses a significant threat to immunocompromised hosts, and effective treatment options are limited. <i>Portulaca oleracea</i>, commonly known as Purslane, has been traditionally used in folk medicine for its potential therapeutic properties. This study investigated the anti-<i>Cryptosporidium</i> activities and anti-inflammatory properties of <i>Portulaca</i> in immunosuppressed mice.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>Forty female mice were rendered immunosuppressed by oral administration of dexamethasone for 14 consecutive days. Following immunosuppression, the animals were randomly divided into 5 groups (8 mice per group): Group 1 (Is) was immunosuppressed and non-infected. Group 2 (IsI): immunosuppressed infected with <i>Cryptosporidium</i>. Group 3 (IsN): immunosuppressed infected nitazoxanide-treated. Group 4 (IsP): immunosuppressed infected and treated with <i>Portulaca</i> methanolic extraction. Group 5 (IsNP): immunosuppressed infected and received a combination of the methanolic extract of <i>Portulaca</i> and nitazoxanide. Oocyst count, IFN-γ and IL-17 levels, and histological and immunohistochemical (tumor necrosis factor-α) examination of intestinal tissue were conducted.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Our results suggested that <i>Portulaca</i> extract significantly reduced <i>Cryptosporidium</i> infection in immunosuppressed mice, as evidenced by a 65% decrease in oocyst count. Moreover, treatment with <i>Portulaca</i> attenuated inflammation, as indicated by reduced cytokine levels: IFN-γ and IL-17 decreased to 94.8 ± 27.23 and 134.83 ± 29.4, respectively, in the IsP group compared with the IsI group (194.5 ± 37.73 and 353.23 ± 64.4). A significant reduction in IFN-γ and IL-17 was observed in the IsPN group, with levels of 47.77 ± 10.6 and 87.73 ± 39.16, respectively. Histological examination improved intestinal architecture, with reduced tissue damage and inflammatory cell infiltration. Additionally, quantitative immunohistochemical analysis revealed a marked decrease in tumor necrosis factor-α expression from 37.93% in the IsI group to 1.075% and 2.727% in IsP and IsNP groups, respectively.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p><i>Portulaca oleracea</i> demonstrated significant anti-<i>Cryptosporidium</i> activity through immunomodulatory effects, reflected by reduced IFN-γ and IL-17 levels, offering novel insights into its therapeutic potential as an immunomodulatory agent in cryptosporidiosis. </p><h3>Clinical trial number</h3><p>Not applicable.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":481,"journal":{"name":"Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s43088-026-00795-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148323476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The antioxidant effects of selenium nanoparticles on azoxystrobin-induced developmental and testicular abnormalities in rat fetuses","authors":"Hend El-Borm,&nbsp;Salma Al-Zahaby,&nbsp;Gamal Badawy,&nbsp;Mohamed Atia,&nbsp;Marwa Atallah","doi":"10.1186/s43088-026-00791-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43088-026-00791-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) show promising potential as antioxidants in biological applications. Although strobilurins are highly harmful to invertebrates, fish, and amphibians, little research has been conducted on their effects on mammals. The present study is an attempt to determine the positive effects of SeNPs on azoxystrobin (AZO)-induced developmental and testicular abnormalities in rat fetuses.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>Four equal groups of pregnant rats were utilized: the first group was the control; the second group was given 0.4 mg/kg SeNPs, the third group was given 125 mg/kg AZO, and the fourth group was given 125 mg/kg AZO and then 0.4 mg/kg SeNPs between gestational days 6 to 15.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Prenatal AZO exposure caused many harmful changes in 20-day old rat fetuses. An evident elevation in the resorption rate and a significant reduction in both body weight and length were observed. Morphological and skeletal anomalies were detected in the AZO group. Moreover, the fetal testis showed significant oxidative stress as well as histopathological and ultrastructural changes. The coadministration of SeNPs decreased the impact of AZO, as it decreased the absorption rate, morphological and endoskeleton anomalies. SeNPs demonstrated strong antioxidant capacity by lowering the lipid peroxidation marker malondialdehyde and increasing antioxidant indicators, which in turn reduced the degree of structural degenerative alterations in the testicular tissue.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Finally, SeNPs exert a crucial role in mitigating the negative effects of AZO by increasing the antioxidant status.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":481,"journal":{"name":"Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s43088-026-00791-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148323477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic potentials of Philodendron hederaceum leaf methanolic extract: an integrated in vitro, in vivo, and in silico approach with GC-MS/MS analysis","authors":"Sayed Al Hossain Rabbi,&nbsp;Md. Zamil Hossain,&nbsp;Md. Jahirul Islam Mamun,&nbsp;Md. Hossain Rasel,&nbsp;Md. Abdul Alim,&nbsp;M. Abdullah Al Masum,&nbsp;Ruhana Khanam,&nbsp;Md. Anisul Islam,&nbsp;Mahathir Mohammad,&nbsp;Delower Hossain","doi":"10.1186/s43088-026-00798-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43088-026-00798-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p><i>Philodendron hederaceum</i> (Jacq.) Schott, the philodendron with heart-shaped leaves, is native to the Caribbean and Central America and is frequently grown as a houseplant. The current study aimed to investigate the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic potentials of the <i>P. hederaceum</i> leaf methanol extract (PHL-ME) and to quantitatively examine its phytochemical constituents.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>The anti-inflammatory potential was assessed using the HRBC membrane stabilizing assay, and in vitro antioxidant activity was assessed using the DPPH and ABTS scavenging assays. In vivo analgesic effects were examined in Swiss albino mice using acetic acid-induced writhing, formalin-induced paw licking, and the hot-plate test. GC-MS/MS analysis identified 68 potential bioactive compounds, 24 of which were selected based on PASS predictions and biological activities for further investigation via in silico molecular docking simulations. This approach helped correlate their interactions with the observed pharmacological properties. Furthermore, the ADME/T properties were assessed to determine their drug-likeness profiles.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>The extract showed strong anti-inflammatory effects, with an 85.16% protective effect in the HRBC membrane stabilizing assay and significant antioxidant activity, with IC₅₀ values of 82.57 µg/mL in the DPPH and 46.20 µg/mL in the ABTS and DPPH assays, respectively. At 400 mg/kg, PHL-ME exhibited moderate analgesic activity (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01) in the acetic acid-induced writhing test and mild activity (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) in both the formalin-induced licking test and the hot plate test. The molecular docking results showed that all selected compounds had favorable binding scores, ranging from − 5.0 to -9.8 kcal/mol.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>These findings indicate that PHL-ME has promising antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic potential, warranting further investigation to confirm its therapeutic effectiveness.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":481,"journal":{"name":"Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s43088-026-00798-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148323200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computational identification of DprE1 and InhA inhibitors from Azadirachta indica using docking, MD simulation and DFT analysis","authors":"Md. Ramjan Sheikh,&nbsp;Mobin Mahmud Shawon,&nbsp;Jarin Tasnim,&nbsp;Md. Muntasir Alam Muhib,&nbsp;Jannatul Ferdoush,&nbsp;Md. Hasan,&nbsp;Sohela Faisal,&nbsp;Suriya Shikder Meem,&nbsp;Rodeyla Hossain,&nbsp;Md. Toushif Islam Labib","doi":"10.1186/s43088-026-00788-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43088-026-00788-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Tuberculosis remains a major global health burden, primarily driven by prolonged treatment regimens and the rapid emergence of drug-resistant <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> strains. In this study, a comprehensive silico study has been done to identify potential natural inhibitors of two essential mycobacterial enzymes, InhA and DprE1, from phytochemicals of <i>Azadirachta indica.</i></p><h3>Methods</h3><p>A total of 418 compounds derived from neem were screened, followed by drug likeness filtering and molecular docking against InhA and DprE1. The ADMET, Lipinski’s rule of five, and toxicity analysis were done of deacytylgedunin and melianone. To identify the stability and flexibility of the melianone-InhA and descytylgedunin-DprE1 complexes, MD simulation for 500 ns was performed by GROMACS. Finally, the electronic stability and charge distribution of the two ligands were analyzed by Gaussian tool.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>The highest binding affinities toward InhA and DprE1 were exerted by melianone (-10.1 kcal/mol) and deacytylgedunin (-9.1 kcal/mol) respectively, even higher than that of various standard anti-tuberculosis drugs. The most relevant protein-ligand interactions were realized with conserved active site residues that are crucial for enzymatic activity. For both complexes, molecular dynamics simulations over 500 ns indeed confirmed structural stability and favorable binding behavior under dynamic conditions. ADMET and toxicity prediction showed deacetylgedunin and melianone were both acceptable in terms of their physicochemical properties and risk of acute toxicity. The TPSA values (89.27 Å of deacetylgedunin and 59.06 Å of melianone) indicate good permeability of the membrane and justifies their possible oral bioavailability. Their electronic stability was further supported by analysis with density functional theory as indicated by a consistent charge distribution during the docking and molecular dynamics simulation process.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Altogether, these results indicate that deacetylgedunin and melianone have potential to lead drug development of new anti-tuberculosis agents and should be subjected to further experimental validation but in silico drug design methodology is only predictive and may not be able to fully reflect the complex in vivo pharmacokinetics and toxicity profiles.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":481,"journal":{"name":"Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s43088-026-00788-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148323358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}