Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Advanced biodegradable-based formulations for the treatment of arthritis","authors":"Mohammed Yehia,&nbsp;Usama Farghaly,&nbsp;Youssef Wahib Naguib","doi":"10.1186/s43088-025-00658-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43088-025-00658-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Arthritis is a common and debilitating health condition affecting millions worldwide and placing a significant burden on healthcare systems. Among its many forms, rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis are particularly prevalent, requiring effective and innovative treatment approaches. Traditional therapies often suffer from limitations such as poor drug retention in joints, low bioavailability, systemic side effects, and the need for frequent dosing, leading to suboptimal treatment outcomes and reduced patient adherence. This review explores the potential of biodegradable polymer-based delivery systems to overcome these challenges. These systems include microparticles, nanoparticles, films, implants, hydrogels, and nanofibers designed to improve the administration of commonly used arthritis medications such as anti-inflammatory drugs, corticosteroids, and disease-modifying agents (both conventional and biological). We begin by outlining the major drug classes used in arthritis treatment and the specific compounds within each category. We then examine natural and synthetic biodegradable polymers commonly used in developing advanced drug delivery systems tailored for arthritis management. A brief overview of various formulation strategies highlights how these systems can enhance drug targeting, reduce systemic exposure, and prolong therapeutic effects. Finally, we discuss preclinical evidence demonstrating the efficacy of these delivery platforms in reducing inflammation and improving joint function. Special emphasis is placed on targeted delivery to inflamed tissues and the potential for combining drugs with synergistic compounds to further enhance therapeutic outcomes. In conclusion, biodegradable polymer-based drug delivery systems offer a promising direction for the treatment of arthritis. By addressing the limitations of conventional therapies, these advanced formulations hold the potential to improve drug efficacy, minimize side effects, and enhance patient quality of life.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":481,"journal":{"name":"Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://bjbas.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s43088-025-00658-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145169725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanogel drug delivery system loaded with Azadirachta indica A. Juss. (Neem) for potential treatment of wound infection: development and characterization","authors":"Nafiu Aminu,&nbsp;Deghinmotei Alfred-Ugbenbo,&nbsp;Oni Moradeke,&nbsp;Momoh Audu Mumuni,&nbsp;Nura Muhammad Umar,&nbsp;Nuhu Tanko,&nbsp;Veera Raghavulu Bitra,&nbsp;Florah Tshepo Moshapa,&nbsp;Thatayaone Monkgogi,&nbsp;Chan Siok-Yee","doi":"10.1186/s43088-025-00655-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43088-025-00655-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Herein, we report the development of a novel nanogels (NG) system loaded with <i>Azadirachta indica (A. indica)</i> Adrien-Henri de Jussieu (A. Juss.), commonly known as neem, for possible topical treatment of wound infections.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>To develop <i>A. indica</i> extract-loaded NG, first, extract-loaded nanoparticles (NPs) were produced using poly-<i>ε</i>-caprolactone (PCL) as the nanocarrier polymer. Secondly, the NPs were entwined in chitosan (CS) hydrogel loaded with the extract of <i>A. indica</i> to prepare the loaded NG system. Blank NG was produced without the extract. The developed NG was characterized, and its antibacterial effect was evaluated.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Phytochemical screening of ethanolic extract of <i>A. indica</i> leaves indicated the presence of saponins, flavonoids, glycosides, tannins, alkaloids, steroids, terpenoids, and anthraquinones. The characterization data revealed that the developed NG formulations are nanosized in the ranges of 140–440 nm and 190–610 nm for blank NG and <i>A. indica</i> extract-loaded NG, respectively, and have mostly spherical structures. The developed NG formulation displayed pH-dependent swelling and erosion that are in direct proportion to the change in pH. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) showed various characteristic bands of <i>A. indica</i> and formulation excipients, confirming the encapsulation of the extract. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the loaded NG was found to be 0.250 ± 0.05 mg/ml, 0.625 ± 0.15 mg/mL, and 0.250 ± 0.07 mg/mL for <i>Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus</i>), <i>Escherichia coli</i> (<i>E. coli),</i> and <i>Salmonella typhi (S. typhi</i>) strains of bacteria, respectively. The NG formulation exhibited significant bacterial inhibition zones which were recorded as 8 ± 2.0 mm (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), 16 ± 3.0 mm (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), and 6 ± 1.0 mm (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) for <i>S. typhi, E. coli,</i> and <i>S. aureus</i>, respectively, as compared with that produced by the crude extract.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>An <i>A. indica</i> extract-loaded NG was successfully developed, and it demonstrated good formulation features, stability under refrigerated and room temperature conditions, as well as useful antibacterial activity that could be used for potential wound infection treatment.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":481,"journal":{"name":"Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://bjbas.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s43088-025-00655-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145167873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Substance use disorders (SUDs) in Latin America and the Caribbean: a narrative review of native medicinal plants as alternative therapies","authors":"Danladi C. Husaini,&nbsp;Joel H. Chiroma,&nbsp;Innocent E. Nwachukwu,&nbsp;Garba M. Sani,&nbsp;Orish E. Orisakwe","doi":"10.1186/s43088-025-00653-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43088-025-00653-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Latin America and the Caribbean region are currently faced with the challenges of drug and substance use leading to violence and crime, especially among the younger populations. The complex nature of substance use disorder (SUD), the cost and adverse effects of conventional therapies, the deeply rooted cultural practices of medicinal plants usage, and the abundance of rainforest flora and fauna in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) are incentives for exploring bioactive compounds in managing SUDs. This review presented native medicinal plants traditionally used for managing SUD in LAC.</p><p>Main body.</p><p>Articles indexed with Google Scholar, EBSCOhost, Scopus, SciELO, Web of Science, PubMed, PubMed Central, and LILACS databases and gray literature like PAHO, WHO, and CICAD were searched for medicinal plants used in drug addiction. Medicinal plants native to LAC or naturalized and cultivated in the region were included in the study. Twelve medicinal plants belonging to 10 families were identified with potential mechanisms for SUD management and described in this review. The families and plants include Acoraceae (<i>Acorus calamus L</i>.), Malpighiaceae (<i>Banisteriopsis caapi</i> [Spruce ex Griseb.]), Hypericaceae (<i>Hypericum perforatum L</i>.), Asteraceae (<i>Mikania glomerata Spreng</i>; <i>Matricaria recutita L</i>.), Passifloraceae (<i>Passiflora caerulea L</i>.), Piperaceae (<i>Piper methysticum L.f.),</i> Crassulaceae (<i>Rhodiola rosea L</i>.), Lamiaceae (<i>Scutellaria lateriflora L.; Leonotis nepetifolia</i> (L.) R.Br.), Turneraceae (<i>Turnera diffusa Willd</i>. ex Schult.), and Zingiberaceae (<i>Zingiber officinale</i> var. officinale). Most plants produce their ethnopharmacological effects through GABergic activity, opioid receptor interaction, neurotransmitter modulation, NMDA receptor antagonism, antioxidant/anti-inflammatory activity, or through the enhancement of neuroplasticity—pathways for mitigating substance use disorders.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The abundance of rich rainforest medicinal plants in LAC makes them cost-effective alternatives in managing SUD, especially since they are easily accessible and have traditionally proven effective with fewer adverse effects. Reviewed preclinical and clinical studies reveal that select medicinal plants such as <i>B. caapi</i> and <i>H. perforatum</i> may modulate addiction-related neurochemical pathways, curb cravings, and mitigate withdrawal symptoms among substance addiction populations. However, clinical validation of the medicinal plants remains limited, revealing a disconnect between traditional ethnomedical use and current scientific evidence.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":481,"journal":{"name":"Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://bjbas.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s43088-025-00653-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145167500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breathing new life nanomedicines for pulmonary drug delivery: targeting approaches, experimental models, and regulatory aspects","authors":"Amol Gholap,&nbsp;Sagar Pardeshi,&nbsp;Prabhanjan Giram,&nbsp;Sopan Nangare,&nbsp;Shrushti Sodha,&nbsp;Harshad Kapare,&nbsp;Mahesh More,&nbsp;Yogesh Sonar,&nbsp;Rahul Shukla,&nbsp;Jitendra Naik,&nbsp;Gayathri Reddy,&nbsp;Fouad Damiri,&nbsp;Namdev Dhas,&nbsp;Mohammed Berrada,&nbsp;Dipak Bari,&nbsp;Bhupendra Prajapati,&nbsp;Mónica C. García,&nbsp;Chandrakantsing Pardeshi","doi":"10.1186/s43088-025-00646-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43088-025-00646-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The lungs serve a critical function in air transport and gas exchange, presenting an appealing route for noninvasive drug administration. However, the unique physiology and anatomy of the lungs influence the efficacy and safety of pulmonary drug delivery. A comprehensive approach combining both an optimized pharmaceutical formulation and an appropriate delivery device is essential for effective pulmonary therapies.</p><h3>Main body</h3><p>Pulmonary drug delivery can achieve both local and systemic effects. During pulmonary drug delivery, several factors viz<i>.</i> particle size, electrostatic charge, inhalation parameters, airway functionality, disease state, and proper use of delivery device must be considered. Current advancements in nanotechnology have led to the development of innovative nanocarriers tailored for pulmonary administration. These nanocarriers offer benefits such as targeted deposition in specific areas of the tracheobronchial tree, controlled drug release, protection of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) from lung clearance mechanisms, and cell-specific targeting. Research on nanomedicine for pulmonary delivery has progressed significantly, resulting in the development of several (nano)formulations, devices, and products in various stages of clinical development, with some already commercially available. Recent studies have focused on improving inhalation device testing, aerosol formulation development, and the application of in vitro, ex vivo, in vivo, and in silico models to better understand pulmonary drug deposition and disposition.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This review highlights the anatomical and physiological features of the lungs, recent advances in nanocarrier design and inhalation technologies. In addition, the applications in respiratory and systemic disease management have also been included. While significant progress has been made, challenges remain in optimizing pulmonary drug delivery systems, necessitating further research to address these complexities and enhance the therapeutic outcomes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":481,"journal":{"name":"Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://bjbas.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s43088-025-00646-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145167503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vivo evidence of metformin and aspirin antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus in Drosophila infection model","authors":"Firzan Nainu,&nbsp;Muh. Akbar Bahar,&nbsp;Habibie Habibie,&nbsp;Yenni Yusuf,&nbsp;Sartini Sartini,&nbsp;Mukarram Mudjahid,&nbsp;Nadila Pratiwi Latada,&nbsp;Gimas Fatir Bijaksana,&nbsp;Aditya Satya Pratama,&nbsp;Jihan Atikah Permatasari,&nbsp;Asbah Asbah","doi":"10.1186/s43088-025-00652-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43088-025-00652-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The significant increase in infectious bacterial diseases over the past two decades presents a serious global health threat, compounded by the limited efficacy of current therapeutic options. This has created an urgent need to explore novel antibacterial compounds. Traditional preclinical animal models used to evaluate drug candidates are often costly and require lengthy testing periods. The previous studies have shown <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> to be an effective model organism for antibacterial drug discovery. In this study, we evaluated the in vivo antibacterial effects of metformin and aspirin against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> using a <i>Drosophila</i> infection model.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Our findings demonstrated that treatment with both metformin and aspirin significantly increased the survival of <i>D. melanogaster</i> infected with <i>S. aureus</i>. Additionally, both compounds inhibited bacterial growth in infected flies, as evidenced by reduced bacterial counts, indicating a direct antibacterial effect. Treatment also led to the downregulation of immune response-related genes, suggesting that the antibacterial activity occurred without immune system activation. Furthermore, metformin and aspirin reduced cell stress induced by bacterial infection, and these effects were validated in immunodeficient mutant flies, proving their efficacy independent of innate immune responses.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>These findings highlight the potential for repurposing metformin and aspirin as antibacterial agents. Using a high-throughput, cost-effective, and efficient <i>Drosophila</i> model, this study provides strong evidence supporting the viability of these compounds as treatments against bacterial infections.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":481,"journal":{"name":"Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://bjbas.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s43088-025-00652-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145167415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of pre and postnatal exposure to soybean-formulated diets on male fertility of albino mice","authors":"Wessam S. Tawfik,&nbsp;Aliaa A. Elsayed,&nbsp;Ahmad A. Kandeel","doi":"10.1186/s43088-025-00642-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43088-025-00642-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Soy-based diets are commonly used not only by humans but also by laboratory and domesticated animals. Recently, there has been much argument around soybeans and their products, mostly due to their phytoestrogen (PE) content. Intestinal microflora digests soybean isoflavones to produce estrogenic compounds such as genistein, daidzein, and equol, which can bind with estrogen receptors (ERs). In recent years, the consumption of soybean-formulated diets has increased significantly. Our study is designed to evaluate the effects of soybean-formulated diets exposure from perinatal to puberty on the fertility of male mice. </p><h3>Methods</h3><p>Thirty pregnant dams are classified into three groups: the control group (CG);soy-free group is fed on a casein-based diet, while the second and third groups are fed on diets containing 20% and 30% soy in both low and high soy groups(LSG and HSG), respectively, from gestational day (GD) 12 till postnatal day (PND) 21 (weaning day). Male offspring are isolated and fed on the same diet groups from PND 21 to 56 (killing day).</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Male mice fed on soy-based diets showed a significant reduction in body and testes weights, as well as reproductive performance. Additionally, there was a decrease in sperm count, viability, and motility, while sperm abnormalities increased. Serum total testosterone levels and total antioxidant capacities (TAC) also decreased. Conversely, levels of follicular-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) increased, along with sperm DNA fragmentation. The diameters of seminiferous tubules and the heights of the seminiferous epithelium were reduced. Furthermore, the soy-based diet affected testicular histology.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>These observations indicate that soybean-based diets during perinatal and postnatal exposures negatively impact male fertility.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":481,"journal":{"name":"Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://bjbas.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s43088-025-00642-w","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145164118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic and biotechnological characterization of folate-producing probiotics isolated from local dairy products","authors":"Rahma Ali Hassan Abubakr,&nbsp;Mohammed Hassan Abdel A’al,&nbsp;Gihan Mohamed El Moghazy,&nbsp;Ashraf Bakry Abd Elrazik,&nbsp;Samir Abdel Aziz Ibrahim","doi":"10.1186/s43088-025-00650-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43088-025-00650-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Folate is essential for Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthesis, methylation and repair, with deficiencies linked to neural tube defects, Alzheimer’s, and cancer. Certain lactic acid bacteria (LAB), particularly in fermented dairy products, are natural folate producers. However, genetic insights into high-yielding strains remain limited. This study isolates indigenous lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and provides the first genetic mapping of folate biosynthesis in <i>Streptococcus thermophilus (S. thermophilus)</i>. </p><h3>Methods</h3><p>Probiotic bacteria were isolated from locally sourced milk and yogurt samples and were subjected to morphological, biochemical, and molecular identification. The isolates were screened for folate production levels. Molecular studies and “in-silico” analysis were carried out to investigate the genetic basis of folate biosynthesis, particularly in <i>S. thermophilus</i>.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Two folate-producing probiotic strains<i>, Enterococcus faecium (E. faecium) and S. thermophilus</i>, were isolated and characterized. Quantitative analysis revealed folate production levels of 2.2–8.3 µg/L and 156–162 µg/L, respectively, demonstrating significantly higher synthesis by <i>S. thermophilus</i>. In this strain, seven folate biosynthesis genes and one metabolism gene were identified and mapped. Five of the biosynthetic genes were found to be clustered<i>: folC2</i> (encoding dihydrofolate synthase), <i>folE</i> (encoding GTP cyclohydrolase I), <i>folP</i> (encoding dihydropteroate synthase), <i>folB</i> (encoding dihydroneopterin aldolase, and <i>folK</i> (encoding 6-hydroxymethyl-7,8-dihydropterin pyrophosphokinase). The remaining genes were dispersed throughout the genome. A conserved Shine-Dalgarno sequence (AGGAG) was found 5 base-pair (bp) upstream of five genes.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study elucidates the genetic basis of folate production in <i>S. thermophilus</i>, enabling future metabolic engineering for enhanced folate yields. The findings support strain selection for folate-enriched functional foods. </p></div>","PeriodicalId":481,"journal":{"name":"Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://bjbas.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s43088-025-00650-w","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145163172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immuno-haematological impact of Eimeria tenella infection on broilers vaccinated with infectious bursal disease and Newcastle disease vaccines","authors":"Mohammed A. Gamaleldin,&nbsp;Al-Hassan Mohammed Mostafa,&nbsp;Basem R. Nageib","doi":"10.1186/s43088-025-00651-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43088-025-00651-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p><i>Eimeria</i> infection of poultry species is one of the famous parasitic diseases, <i>Eimeria tenella</i> is the most prevalent one in the field. This article aims to know the immune-haematological effect of <i>E. tenella</i> as a stress factor in birds vaccinated with Newcastle disease and IBD vaccine. For this study, fifty one-day-old broilers were used and divided into five groups: group A is control (non-vaccinated non-infected birds), group B was infected with <i>E. tenella</i> and vaccinated with Lasota vaccine, group C was infected with <i>E. tenella</i> parasite and vaccinated with IBD intermediate plus vaccine, group D was non-infected and vaccinated with Lasota vaccine, and group E was non-infected and vaccinated with IBD intermediate plus vaccine. Different parameters like oocyst count, body weight (BW), and vaccinal titer were estimated and in addition, erythrogram, leukogram, protein carbonyl (PC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and interleukin 1β (IL1β) levels were also evaluated.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>The infected groups were characterized by a remarkable alteration in oocysts count and a noticeable reduction in BW, vaccinal titers, SOD, and IL1β. In addition, high PC, with marked anemia, leukocytopenia, and lymphocytosis were seen in infected groups. While, normal BW, increasable SOD, and IL1β levels along with, leukocytosis and lymphocytosis were prominent changes in vaccinated groups only.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The coccidian infection has adverse effects on healthy performance parameters including body weight, haematological, immune profiles, and ND and IBD vaccination.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":481,"journal":{"name":"Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://bjbas.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s43088-025-00651-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145162504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The antibacterial effect of ceftazidime and vitamin C against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Drosophila model of infection","authors":"Dewita Fatiah,&nbsp;Sartini Sartini,&nbsp;Widya Hardiyanti,&nbsp;Muhammad Rasul Pratama,&nbsp;Tenri Zulfa Ayu Dwi Putri,&nbsp;Rizkya Chaeratunnisa,&nbsp;Nadila Pratiwi Latada,&nbsp;Mukarram Mudjahid,&nbsp;Firzan Nainu","doi":"10.1186/s43088-025-00647-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43088-025-00647-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The rise of antimicrobial resistance among bacteria necessitates the exploration of alternative therapeutic strategies. One potential approach is combining antibiotics with vitamins to improve antimicrobial efficacy. This study investigates the synergistic effect of ceftazidime and vitamin C against <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> using <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> larvae as an in vivo model.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>A series of microbiological, phenotypic, and molecular assays were conducted to evaluate the antibacterial effects of ceftazidime combined with vitamin C in the <i>Drosophila</i> model. Ceftazidime’s minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) decreased from 12.5 to 6.25 µM when combined with vitamin C, according to the microdilution checkerboard assay. According to in vivo tests, <i>D. melanogaster</i> larvae treated with the antibiotic–vitamin C combination had a significantly higher survival rate (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) than the infection control group. Colony-forming unit analysis on cetrimide agar medium showed no bacterial growth in the group treated with ceftazidime and vitamin C. Additionally, gene expression analysis demonstrated that ceftazidime treatment alone decreased <i>Dpt</i> gene expression through the IMD pathway, whereas the combination treatment elevated <i>Dpt</i> expression, reflecting the immunostimulant properties of vitamin C.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study shows enhanced efficacy of ceftazidime when combined with vitamin C in the <i>D. melanogaster</i> larvae model. These findings parallel results from mammalian systems and support the use of <i>Drosophila</i> as a valuable pre-screening model for drug repurposing efforts aimed at combating antimicrobial resistance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":481,"journal":{"name":"Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://bjbas.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s43088-025-00647-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145162043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bilateral continuous thoracic paravertebral block versus IV fentanyl infusion for perioperative analgesia in patients undergoing cardiac surgery through median sternotomy","authors":"Dina Kassim,&nbsp;Samaa Rashwan,&nbsp;Youssef Youssef,&nbsp;Ihab Omar,&nbsp;Ahmed El-Shaarawy","doi":"10.1186/s43088-025-00637-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43088-025-00637-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>In patients who are undergoing open cardiac surgery, thoracic paravertebral block (TPVB) is advantageous for pain management. Our objective was to compare this type of block with intravenous Fentanyl analgesia in those patients.</p><h3>Methodology</h3><p>This prospective, randomized study included 44 patients who underwent open-heart surgery through a median sternotomy. Participants were randomly divided into two equal groups (each with 22 subjects). Group I (Fentanyl group) (<i>n</i> = 22): received fentanyl infusion 2 µg/kg/h after placing the endotracheal tube and stopped at the end of surgery. Group II (TPVB group) (<i>n</i> = 22): Bilateral thoracic paravertebral catheters were inserted preoperative. Before induction, there was a maximum of 20 ml per side for each catheter, which received a bolus dose of 0.3 ml/kg 0.25% bupivacaine. Continuous infusion of 0.25% bupivacaine at a rate of 0.1 ml/kg/h was administered through each catheter following intubation. The infusion was subsequently discontinued at the conclusion of the procedure.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Critical-Care Pain Observation Tool (CCPOT) was lower in patients of group II (TPVB group) than in patients of group I (fentanyl group); in group II at 8 h, 12 h, and 24 h postoperative were 2,3,3, respectively, whereas median CCPOT in group I at 8 h, 12 h, and 24 h postoperative were 3,4,4, respectively (<i>p</i>-value &lt; 0.05). In comparison with group I, there was a substantial decrease in the intraoperative fentanyl requirements of group II (343.6 µg ± 44.1 and 926.8 µg ± 117.4) (<i>p</i>-value &lt; 0.05). In comparison with group I (9 mg 2), the TPVB group’s postoperative opioid requirements were significantly lower (6.2 mg 2.3). <i>P</i>-value was less than 0.05.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Compared with IV fentanyl infusion, Bilateral continuous thoracic paravertebral block was determined to be more effective in the operative and postoperative analgesia of patients who underwent heart surgery via median sternotomy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":481,"journal":{"name":"Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://bjbas.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s43088-025-00637-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145161434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}