Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Analytical estimate of effective charge and ground-state energies of two to five electron sequences up to atomic number 20 utilizing the variational method","authors":"Kousar Shaheen,&nbsp;Roohi Zafar,&nbsp;Saba Javaid,&nbsp;Ahmed Ali Rajput","doi":"10.1186/s43088-024-00551-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43088-024-00551-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The variational method, a quantum mechanical approach, estimates effective charge distributions and ground-state energy by minimizing the Hamiltonian's expectation value using trial wave functions with adjustable parameters. This method provides valuable insights into system behavior and is widely used in theoretical chemistry and physics. This paper aims to investigate ground-state energies and isoelectronic sequences using the variational method, introducing a novel approach for analyzing multi-electron systems. This technique allows for determining effective charge values and ground-state energies for 2–5 electrons sequence up to Z ≤ 20. Hydrogenic wave functions are used as a trial wave function to calculate effective charge in 1 s, 2 s, and 2p states. Two varying parameters were used to calculate an approximate wave function for the system. These values are then used in non-relativistic Hamiltonian with electron–electron interaction terms to calculate the ground-state energy of an atom.</p><h3>Result</h3><p>The results align with the reported experimental values, showing a marginal 1% error.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>A Python algorithm is established based on the variational principle. It was found that, based on a few selected parameters in scripting the program, a very promising result was obtained. Furthermore, adding more variational parameters can minimize the difference between experimental and theoretical values, and this technique can be extended to elements with higher atomic numbers.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":481,"journal":{"name":"Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://bjbas.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s43088-024-00551-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142246683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of third and fourth corneal high-order aberrations before and after small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) in myopic and myopic astigmatic eyes using ray tracing aberrometry","authors":"Sarra Belgacem,&nbsp;Saoussene Habani,&nbsp;Daoud Guernazi,&nbsp;Fatiha Kail,&nbsp;Selma Chiali","doi":"10.1186/s43088-024-00544-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43088-024-00544-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Aim is to analyze alterations in third and fourth corneal higher-order aberrations using a ray tracing aberrometer (iTrace) induced by SMILE (small incision lenticule extraction) refractive surgery on Algerian patients; and also to investigate how corneal aberrations vary with spherical equivalent (SE), corneal central thickness (CCT), and age. Design Prospective, non-randomized case series that were carried out at the Chiali Smile Center, Algiers, Algeria.</p><h3>Participants</h3><p>A total of 219 eyes from 110 myopic patients, with and without astigmatism, successfully concluded the ultimate follow-up. Participants exhibited an average age of 32.48 years, with preoperative mean corneal high-order aberrations (CHOA) measuring 0.005 ± 0.036 μm.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>A tracking trend analysis of high-order aberrations (HOAs) was conducted on the three groups of patients, assessing total corneal high-order aberrations after SMILE over periods of two, six, and twelve months.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>A substantial increase in total corneal high-order aberrations following SMILE, with a <i>P</i> value &lt; 0.05. Conversely, there was a noteworthy and significant decrease in vertical trefoil for all groups (<i>P</i> value = 0.000). Interestingly, the corneal higher-order aberrations were more pronounced after two months compared to the six and twelve-month intervals. Spherical aberration demonstrated a significant increase with the extent of preoperative myopia and preoperative spherical equivalent both before and after SMILE surgery (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05), particularly in cases of high myopia. Moreover, there were significant reductions in preoperative and postoperative vertical coma (<i>P</i> = 0.047, <i>P</i> = 0.004, respectively) corresponding to the degree of preoperative myopia, with a more substantial decrease in vertical coma observed in cases of low myopia.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>In the post-SMILE period, a notable increase in vertical coma and spherical aberrations was observed, accompanied by a significant decrease in vertical trefoil across all eyes. These aberration changes were identified to be closely associated with the spherical equivalent.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":481,"journal":{"name":"Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://bjbas.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s43088-024-00544-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142236093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical study of Wnt inhibitory factor-1 expression and its association with disease severity in non-segmental vitiligo","authors":"Yasser Mostafa Gohary,&nbsp;Ebtehal Gamal Abdelhady,&nbsp;Aya Nagy Sayed,&nbsp;Laila Ahmed Rashed,&nbsp;Hanan Abd El Razik Kamel","doi":"10.1186/s43088-024-00549-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43088-024-00549-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Vitiligo is classified as an acquired chronic depigmentation disorder that includes the destruction of epidermal melanocytes. It affects 0.5–1% of the population all over the world. Wnt signaling pathway is vital in melanocytes differentiation and development. WIF-1 is an antagonist of the Wnt signaling pathway; it hinders Wnt from binding its receptors. The present study aims to detect WIF-1 expression in vitiligo skin and if it relates to the disease's severity.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>This case–control study included 70 subjects: 35 vitiligo patients and 35 healthy controls. Skin WIF-1 expression was estimated using quantitative real-time PCR. Assessment of the vitiligo disease activity score and vitiligo area severity index score was determined. WIF-1 expression showed significant elevation in the skin of vitiligo patients compared to the healthy control group.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Overexpression of WIF-1 may participate in the pathogenesis of vitiligo; hence, it should be a future therapeutic target.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":481,"journal":{"name":"Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://bjbas.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s43088-024-00549-y","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142169792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Liposome drug delivery in combating the widespread topical antibiotic resistance: a narrative review","authors":"Leonny Dwi Rizkita,&nbsp;Rachma Greta Perdana Putri,&nbsp;Muhammad Farid,&nbsp;Muflihah Rizkawati,&nbsp;Pratiwi Wikaningtyas","doi":"10.1186/s43088-024-00545-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43088-024-00545-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The increasing trend of antibiotic resistance has posed challenges for scientists, especially in developing better drug formulations. The discovery of new antibiotics could take years. Therefore, the management of an ideal drug delivery system has become a primary focus nowadays.</p><h3>Main body of abstract</h3><p>Almost all skin diseases could be treated with the administration of topical drugs, especially infectious skin diseases. The increasing cases of antimicrobial resistance require innovative strategies and actions. In dermatokinetics, achieving optimal drug concentrations in the deepest layers of skin tissue is a significant challenge. Human skin has remarkably complex characteristics, presenting a major obstacle in efficiently maintaining drug efficacy. Nanocarriers are an important part of nanomedicine which provide excellent drug penetration through various drug delivery systems. Lipid-based nanovesicles, such as liposome, are the oldest and most potential nanovesicles for such a purpose. Several studies have shown the efficacy of liposome-contained antibiotics and offered the lowest microbial inhibition concentration (MIC). It is suggested that liposome also delivers greater drug accumulation compared to blank drugs.</p><h3>Short conclusion</h3><p>Liposome is a flexible lipid-based drug delivery that enhances drug permeation through skin tissue by mimicking the lipid bilayer system of the organ. It is non-toxic, less immunogenic, and easily degraded by enzyme. The incorporation of liposome into antibiotics may reduce the inefficient drug dosage since the encapsulation will protect the active compounds prior to being released from the vehicle. Thus, the lowest MIC and less clinical side effects will be obtained.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":481,"journal":{"name":"Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://bjbas.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s43088-024-00545-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142246693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metformin and intermittent fasting mitigate high fat-fructose diet-induced liver and skeletal muscle injury through upregulation of mitophagy genes in rats","authors":"Nermeen Bastawy,&nbsp;Ghada Farouk Soliman,&nbsp;Nermeen Bakr Sadek,&nbsp;Doaa Mostafa Gharib,&nbsp;Mai Abdelaziz Gouda,&nbsp;Laila Ahmed Rashed,&nbsp;Hanan Abdallah,&nbsp;Dina Hisham,&nbsp;Omnia Mohamed Abdel-Maksoud","doi":"10.1186/s43088-024-00548-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43088-024-00548-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>High fat-fructose diet is a proinflammatory diet that increases risk of hepatocytes and myocytes steatosis and fibrosis. Finding anti-inflammatory strategies to fight these harmful effects is paid attention to nowadays. This study compared the effects of two widely anti-inflammatory interventions—metformin and intermittent fasting on myocytes and hepatocyte injury induced by proinflammatory diet and tracking possible underlying mechanisms. In this work, rats fed high fat-fructose diet were subdivided into untreated group, treated by metformin, and/or intermittent fasting.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Metformin (300 mg/kg/day) and intermittent fasting (3 days/week) specially their combination for 4 weeks showed significant improvement in insulin resistance, lipid profile, antioxidants (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), as well as enhanced hepatocytes and myocytes repair and reduced collagen deposition through upregulation of mitophagy-related genes: PINK1, PARKIN, LAMP2, and PPAR-α (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05).</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Intermittent fasting has beneficial metabolic and molecular therapeutic effects against proinflammatory diet-induced injury. Their results are like those of metformin sparing its adverse effects. Their combination showed additional effects against diet-induced myocytes and hepatocyte injury by upregulation of mitophagy-related genes without the need of increasing the dose of metformin.</p><h3>Graphic abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":481,"journal":{"name":"Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://bjbas.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s43088-024-00548-z","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142143860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing the maximum strain of a laser-deposited high-entropy alloy using COMSOL multiphysics","authors":"Dada Modupeola,&nbsp;Popoola Patricia","doi":"10.1186/s43088-024-00542-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43088-024-00542-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Laser metal deposition (LMD) is a widely used additive manufacturing technique for producing complex high entropy alloys with special properties for several applications. The AlCoCrFeNiCu HEAs compositional design has six elements with a configurational entropy of 1.79 R and atomic concentrations between 5 and 35%, so the HEA system is thermodynamically favorable according to Boltzmann’s theory, attributed to the core effects. However, the high-entropy alloy has dominant Body-Centered Cubic structures which may be too brittle to be examined in tension experimentally. Preheating the substrate before and during layer deposition could be a potential solution that is currently under development since tensile loading necessitates an understanding of a material's behavior under tension through an analysis of its yield and ultimate tensile strength. A computer-aided design (CAD) solid model was used to generate the near-net dog-bone form of the alloy with moderately complicated geometrical characteristics using laser metal deposition (LMD) technology. This study investigates a straightforward and effective computational model for simulating material properties, using COMSOL Multiphysics 5.4 software for laser-deposited high entropy alloys that are excessively brittle to be tested in tension. The AlCoCrFeNiCu high-entropy alloy \"dog bone\" test sample was modeled using COMSOL Multiphysics for tensile loading. The first principal stresses and longitudinal strain under axial loading conditions were measured using a three-dimensional (3D) structural mechanics’ model.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>The results showed the ultimate tensile strength is 8.47 N/m², attributed to the high entropy effect and the dominant phase structure of the alloy.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Numerical models in this paper demonstrate the effect of stresses on the tensile behavior of the AlCoCrFeNiCu high-entropy alloy. The model optimizes the LMD process by analyzing residual stresses and predicting tensile strength, thus, providing insights that show the potential of high entropy alloys for structural integrity in aerospace applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":481,"journal":{"name":"Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://bjbas.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s43088-024-00542-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142137627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolomics-based biomarkers of probiotic efficacy in toxicological settings","authors":"Declan Ikechukwu Emegano,&nbsp;Dilek Battal,&nbsp;Kumsal Kocadal","doi":"10.1186/s43088-024-00546-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43088-024-00546-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Metabolomics is the study of metabolites in cells, tissues, live organisms, and biological fluids to elucidate their composition and possible roles. Metabolomics and its biomarkers have emerged as a powerful tool for evaluating the efficacy of probiotics in various pathological conditions, including toxicological settings. This review explores the use of metabolomics-based markers to assess the safety and efficacy of probiotics in toxicological settings.</p><h3>Result</h3><p>This review aims to determine biomarkers for measuring the effectiveness of probiotic therapies in toxicological contexts based on exposure, effects, susceptibility, prognostic, and therapeutic biomarkers. In this study, 1979 articles were systematically searched in PubMed (PM), Scopus (Sc), Google Scholar (GS), and Web of Science (WOS) between the years 2013 and 2023 inclusive using keywords, inclusion, and exclusion criteria. The result showed that 1439 human samples were used from 2013 to 2023 publications with the UK having the highest number of publications, data, and sample types in 2023. Again, the result showed most of the publications are on susceptibility-based biomarkers.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Metabolomics-based biomarkers may provide insight into metabolism-related alterations related to probiotic therapies while clarifying their biological mechanisms, especially in toxicology enabling specific probiotic therapy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":481,"journal":{"name":"Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://bjbas.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s43088-024-00546-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142137629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the ameliorative potency of spirulina platensis against cerebellar damage induced by methotrexate in male rats: histopathological, ultrastructural, molecular, and biochemical studies","authors":"Eman H. Kandil,&nbsp;Hany A. Abd elSamie,&nbsp;Asmaa H. AbdElrahman,&nbsp;Amany E. Nofal","doi":"10.1186/s43088-024-00543-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43088-024-00543-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Methotrexate (MTX), a drug utilized in cancer and rheumatoid arthritis treatment, is associated with acute and chronic neurodegenerative alterations. <i>Spirulina platensis</i> (SP) has several important phytochemical substances that act as free radical scavengers or natural antioxidants. The current study investigated the possible effects of the blue-green alga <i>Spirulina platensis</i> on cerebellar damage in male rats exposed to methotrexate. Forty (40) adult male albino rats were randomly divided into 4 groups (<i>n</i> = 10) and treated for one week: GI, the control group; GII was orally given 1000 mg SP/kg/daily, GIII was given a single intraperitoneal injection of MTX 75 mg/kg at the first day, and continued under the normal condition without other treatment till the end of the experiment, and GIV received both SP and MTX together with the same previous doses and duration. Neurobehavioral, histopathological, histochemical, immunohistochemical, ultrastructural, molecular, and biochemical data were recorded.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>MTX caused severe cerebellar degeneration in 3 cortical layers, especially the Purkinje layer. The Purkinje layer displayed a disrupted monolayer arrangement with pyknotic nuclei, a significant decrease in cell number, and shrunken cells surrounded by empty spaces. The molecular and granular layers are degenerated with elevated immunoreactions and gene expression of the glial fibrillary acidic protein (<i>GFAP)</i>, ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (<i>Iba-1)</i>, and neurofilament light chain antibody (<i>NFL)</i>. Moreover, MTX significantly increased malondialdehyde (MDA) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) while decreasing the levels of reduced glutathione (GSH), serotonin, superoxide dismutase (SOD), acetylcholinesterase (ACHE), norepinephrine, and dopamine. These insults were noticeably mitigated by concomitant treatment with spirulina.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Spirulina improves neurological function by modulating the cerebellar damage elicited by MTX. This improvement may be attributed to the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of spirulina.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":481,"journal":{"name":"Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://bjbas.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s43088-024-00543-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142137628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RFLP-kenzy: a new bioinformatics tool for in silico detection of key restriction enzyme in RFLP technique","authors":"Nora Laref,&nbsp;Khadidja Belkheir,&nbsp;Mohamed Belazreg,&nbsp;Abdelhadi Hireche","doi":"10.1186/s43088-024-00531-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43088-024-00531-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Today, several bioinformatics tools are available for analyzing restriction fragment length data. RFLP-kenzy is a new bioinformatic tool for identifying restriction key enzyme that cut at least 1 sequence and a maximum of n-1 sequence.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>This bioinformatic tool helps researchers to select appropriate enzymes that yield different RFLP patterns, especially from overly identical sequences with single nucleotide mutation or other small variations. By using RFLP-kenzy, multiple DNA sequences could be analyzed simultaneously and the key enzymes list is provided. The present paper also demonstrates the ability of RFLP-kenzy to identify the key enzymes through the analysis of 16S rRNA sequences and the complete genome of various genera of microorganisms.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>From the results, several key enzymes were provided indicating the importance of this new tool in the selection of appropriate restriction enzymes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":481,"journal":{"name":"Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://bjbas.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s43088-024-00531-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142117929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alteration of mature neuronal marker of β-III tubulin expression in differentiated SH-SY5Y cells by refinement of foetal bovine serum concentration","authors":"Nurul Fatihah Mohamad Nasir,&nbsp;Muhammad Syahir Hakimi Mohd Hazli,&nbsp;Shaharum Shamsuddin,&nbsp;Azalina Zainuddin","doi":"10.1186/s43088-024-00547-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43088-024-00547-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The process of differentiating neuroblastoma cells (SH-SY5Y) is crucial for obtaining mature neuronal markers. However, there is variability in the concentrations of foetal bovine serum (FBS) used in the differentiation media, ranging from 1 to 10%. This inconsistency in FBS concentrations may contribute to the inconsistent differentiation of cells. To improve the utility of the SH-SY5Y cell line as a model for neuronal cell culture, we investigated the impact of FBS concentrations in the differentiation media using Dulbecco's modified eagle medium and 10 μM all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA). The aim of this study was to optimise the concentrations of FBS in the differentiation media of SH-SY5Y cells. Our study focused on assessing the length of dendrites in neuronal cells and the expression of β-III tubulin, a marker indicative of mature neurons. SH-SY5Y cells were differentiated with 10 µM of ATRA for 7 days. Four treatment groups with different FBS concentrations (1%, 3%, 5%, and 10%) were examined to assess the alteration of cellular morphology and dendritic length. The expression of the mature neuron marker β-III tubulin was evaluated using immunocytochemistry technique.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>SH-SY5Y cells' dendrite length was significantly longer (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) when there was a higher concentration of FBS in the differentiation medium. The result was confirmed with the significant increase of β-III tubulin expression (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) of the differentiated SH-SY5Y cells that have been incubated with higher concentrations of FBS in the differentiation medium.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>We concluded that optimised concentrations of FBS in the differentiation media display longer length of the dendrites and express higher production of β-III tubulin in the differentiated SH-SY5Y cells. The consistency of serum concentration used in the differentiation media is important to produce a sustainable in vitro neuronal model of SH-SY5Y cells for neurodegenerative studies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":481,"journal":{"name":"Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://bjbas.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s43088-024-00547-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142123081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}