Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Copper oxide nanoparticles loaded with Artemisia judaica and Ziziphus spina-christi extracts as alternative anticoccidials in broilers","authors":"Alaa Khatab,&nbsp;Heba Wheeb,&nbsp;Mostafa Mohamed,&nbsp;Atef Nassar,&nbsp;Ahmed Elbestawy,&nbsp;Mahmoud AbouLaila,&nbsp;Soad Menshawy","doi":"10.1186/s43088-026-00802-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43088-026-00802-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p><i>Eimeria</i> infection causes substantial economic losses in poultry production. The frequent use of anticoccidial drugs has led to the development of resistant <i>Eimeria</i> species, necessitating the development of alternative treatments. Due to their antimicrobial properties, stability, and biocompatibility, copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO-NPs) have gained considerable attention, especially those synthesized using plant extracts. This study aimed to assess the anticoccidial efficacy of methanolic leaf extracts from <i>Artemisia judaica</i> and <i>Ziziphus spina-christi</i> loaded onto CuO-NPs against <i>Eimeria tenella</i> in broiler chickens.</p><h3>Materials</h3><p>Broilers were experimentally infected with <i>E. tenella</i> sporulated oocysts (25 × 10³) and treated with AJLE (AJLE), ZSCLE, their CuO-NP conjugates, or diclazuril as a positive control. Oocyst counts, lesion scores, biochemical indices, oxidative stress markers, and immune response were evaluated. Histopathological examination and transmission electron microscopy of cecal tissues were performed.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>The results demonstrated the efficacy of AJLE-CuO-NPs and ZSCLE-CuO-NPs against <i>E. tenella</i>, as evidenced by reduced oocyst counts to 32 × 10³ oocysts/g in the AJLE-CuO-NPs-treated group compared with 28 × 10³ oocysts/g in the diclazuril-treated group and 600 × 10³ oocysts/g in the infected untreated group. Lesion scores were minimal in diclazuril-, AJLE-CuO-NPs-, and ZSCLE-CuO-NPs-treated groups. AJLE-CuO-NPs and ZSCLE-CuO-NPs treatment improved blood glucose levels, recording 241 ± 1.53 mg/dL and 255.67 ± 0.88 mg/dL, respectively, and restored cholesterol levels to 174.33 ± 2.33 mg/dL and 158.67 ± 4.7 mg/dL, respectively. AJLE-CuO-NPs and ZSCLE-CuO-NPs treatment decreased oxidative stress; malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were 23.19 ± 0.74 µmol/L and 24.82 ± 0.49 µmol/L, respectively. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was 1.34 ± 0.03 mmol/L and 1.21 ± 0.05 mmol/L for AJLE-CuO-NPs and ZSCLE-CuO-NPs, respectively. AJLE-CuO-NPs and ZSCLE-CuO-NPs treatment enhanced immune responses. The relative gene expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, TNF-α, and IFN-γ in the AJLE-CuO-NPs-treated group was 3.38 ± 0.14, 2.24 ± 0.12, and 4.03 ± 0.19, respectively, while in the ZSCLE-CuO-NPs-treated group was 4.88 ± 0.18, 3.02 ± 0.14, and 6.50 ± 0.29, respectively, normalized to the GAPDH housekeeping gene. Notably, AJLE-CuO-NPs exhibited superior performance compared to ZSCLE-CuO-NPs.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>AJLE-CuO-NPs and ZSCLE-CuO-NPs exhibited efficacy comparable to, though not superior to, diclazuril, suggesting potential as complementary or alternative anticoccidials for coccidiosis control in poultry.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":481,"journal":{"name":"Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s43088-026-00802-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148613865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"UPLC-MS chemical profiling and isolation of bioactive secondary metabolites from Ammi visnaga-derived endophyte Alternaria destruens assessed by in silico studies","authors":"Abdel Nasser B. Singab,&nbsp;Fadia S. Youssef,&nbsp;Fayrouz H. Abd El-Megeed,&nbsp;Akram H. Mohamed,&nbsp;Sameh H. Youseif,&nbsp;Mohamed K. Mahmoud,&nbsp;Heba Dahdooh,&nbsp;Naziha Hassanein,&nbsp;Mohamed Ben-El-Caid,&nbsp;Msizi I. Mhlongo,&nbsp;Anathi Msobo,&nbsp;Ahmed M. Elissawy","doi":"10.1186/s43088-026-00793-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43088-026-00793-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Microbial endophytes have emerged as a potential source of bioactive secondary metabolites and provide an excellent resource to overcome the challenges resulting from over-consumption of medicinal plants. <i>Ammi visnaga</i> is an Egyptian medicinal plant widely recognized for its medicinal value. The roots of <i>A. visnaga</i> are considered as waste products; the aim of this study is to explore the fungal endophytes associated with <i>A.visnaga</i> roots.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>Fungal isolate was identified using PCR; large-scale fermentation was performed on solid rice media followed by extraction with Ethyl acetate. The fungal extract was subjected to chromatographic purification utilizing VLC and HPLC. Isolated compounds were identified using HRESIMS and NMR techniques. UPLC-ESI-Q-Tof was utilized to perform the chemical profiling of the fungal extract. Disc diffusion and MIC experiments were performed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity. In silico assessment was performed using AutoDock Vina against ten bacterial proteins incorporated in DNA replication, antibiotic resistance, and virulence. Biovia Discovery Studio was utilized to assess the pharmacokinetic properties of the compounds applying ADMET protocol.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Four compounds were isolated and identified from <i>Alternaria destruens</i> NGB-AvF1 including one previously undescribed perylene quinone epoxide (<b>1)</b> and three known polyketides (<b>2–3</b>,<b>4).</b> Metabolic profiling of the extract using UPLC-Q-Tof in the negative mode resulted in the tentative identification of 18 secondary metabolites belonging to different chemical classes with high percentages of polyketides, perylene quinones and isocoumarins. Antimicrobial evaluation revealed strong and selective antimicrobial activities for compounds <b>2</b> and <b>3</b> against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, with inhibition zones of 28 mm and 30 mm, respectively. In silico assessment revealed favourable binding affinities for <b>2</b> and <b>3</b> with several key enzymes. Compound <b>2</b> exhibited the strongest binding with DNA ligase, β-lactamase, and Clumping factor A, while compound <b>3</b> showed high affinity for ClfA, DNA ligase and β-lactamase. Both compounds also interacted moderately with Sortase A, PBP2a, and BlaR1. These results suggest that compounds <b>2</b> and <b>3</b> possess multitarget antibacterial activity.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p><i>A. destruens</i> extract revealed wide chemical diversity and displayed a potent antimicrobial activity; in silico studies revealed the potential bacterial targets for the antimicrobial compounds. Compounds <b>2–3</b> displayed selective and potent antibacterial activity reinforcing their candidacy as lead compounds for further drug development.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":481,"journal":{"name":"Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s43088-026-00793-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148613866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combination and sequential therapy for postmenopausal osteoporosis: recent advances and clinical practice","authors":"Jiazhen Liu,&nbsp;Yuqing Hu,&nbsp;Zhen Yao,&nbsp;Hongyu Wang","doi":"10.1186/s43088-026-00812-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43088-026-00812-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMO) is a systemic skeletal disorder caused primarily by estrogen deficiency, leading to impaired bone remodeling, progressive loss of trabecular bone, disruption of bone microarchitecture, increased bone marrow adiposity, and a substantially elevated risk of fragility fractures. As population aging accelerates worldwide, optimizing therapeutic strategies that effectively improve bone strength while ensuring long-term safety and cost-effectiveness has become an important clinical priority.</p><h3>Main body</h3><p>This review summarizes recent advances in combination and sequential therapies for PMO, with a particular focus on their mechanisms of action, clinical efficacy, safety profiles, and practical applications. Current treatment strategies aim to restore the balance between bone formation and bone resorption through the complementary use of anabolic and antiresorptive agents. Emerging evidence indicates that combination therapies, such as receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand inhibitors with platelet-derived growth factor-BB activators, and sequential regimens, including teriparatide followed by denosumab, can improve bone mineral density, reduce fracture risk, and modulate the osteogenic–adipogenic differentiation balance of mesenchymal stem cells. This review also compares the clinical outcomes, economic considerations, and safety concerns associated with different therapeutic approaches, including medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw and vascular calcification. In addition, the potential roles of genomics, bone metabolism biomarkers, and artificial intelligence in supporting personalized treatment strategies are discussed.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Overall, combination and sequential therapies represent promising approaches for improving the management of PMO by maximizing therapeutic efficacy while minimizing adverse effects. Continued clinical research and the integration of precision medicine are expected to further refine individualized treatment strategies and improve long-term patient outcomes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":481,"journal":{"name":"Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s43088-026-00812-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148466335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Raphanus sativus L. (Semen Raphani) seeds ameliorates cognitive dysfunction induced by high-fat diet in rats by affecting mitochondrial function and brain morphological integrity","authors":"Lingxin Liu,&nbsp;Xiaowen Sun,&nbsp;Xianchun Zeng,&nbsp;Yi Zhu","doi":"10.1186/s43088-026-00809-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43088-026-00809-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>A high-fat diet (HFD) can influence the morphology structure, and function of the brain, resulting in cognitive decline and neural tissue damage. The dried mature seeds of <i>Raphanus sativus</i> L. (<i>Semen Raphani</i>), have been proven to improve metabolic disorders and have neuroprotective benefits</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>The model of metabolic cognitive impairment was established in rats. Subsequently, interventions were conducted using different doses of <i>Semen Raphani</i>.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>The results showed that <i>Semen Raphani</i> could significantly reduce the weight gain of rats (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) and reverse the learning and memory abilities of rats (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05).</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p><i>Semen Raphani</i> (RS) exert a beneficial effect on HFD-mediated metabolic damage to the brain. Oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and mitochondrial function represent potential mechanisms through which <i>Semen Raphani</i> ameliorates high-fat diet-induced cognitive impairment.</p><h3>Clinical trial number</h3><p>Not applicable.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":481,"journal":{"name":"Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s43088-026-00809-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148466270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vitro anticancer activity of silver nanoparticles entrapped in gelatin-alginate, synthesized using Calendula officinalis flower extract","authors":"Nivitha Shri Chandrasekaran,&nbsp;Balasubramanian Deepika,&nbsp;Sushmitha Sundarraj,&nbsp;M. S. Sridhanya,&nbsp;Devadass Jessy Mercy,&nbsp;Janani Gopalarethinam,&nbsp;Saranya Udayakumar,&nbsp;Agnishwar Girigoswami,&nbsp;Sanjay Kisan Metkar,&nbsp;Surajit Hansda,&nbsp;Koyeli Girigoswami","doi":"10.1186/s43088-026-00804-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43088-026-00804-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Cancer remains a leading cause of global mortality, and conventional therapies are often limited by toxicity and poor selectivity. Green nanotechnology provides an eco-friendly approach to developing biocompatible and efficient anticancer agents. In this study, we developed silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) encapsulated in gelatin-alginate (Gel-Alg) hygrogel using <i>Calendula officinalis</i> (CO) flower extract (Gel-Alg-Ag-CO) to evaluate their therapeutic potential.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>The hydrogel formulation was synthesized using AgNPs derived from the aqueous extract of CO as a reducing and stabilizing agent. The nanocomposite was characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta potential analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Phytochemical and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analyses were performed to identify bioactive compounds. Biocompatibility was assessed in vivo using zebrafish embryos. Anticancer activity was evaluated in HepG2 liver cancer cells through morphological assessment and MTT assay.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>The Gel-Alg-Ag-CO nanohydrogel displayed an average hydrodynamic size of 97.68 nm, a negative zeta potential (-31.03 mV), and a crystalline face-centered cubic structure. FTIR confirmed the involvement of functional groups in the stabilization process. Phytochemical and GC-MS analyses revealed the presence of flavonoids, terpenoids, glycosides, and fumaric acid derivatives, with fumaric acid, 2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-octafluoropentyl tridecyl ester, as the major compound (25.79%). The formulation demonstrated 93 ± 3.3% viability in fibroblast cells at 80 µg/mL, minimal hemolysis (0.4–1.06%), and no significant developmental toxicity in zebrafish embryos up to 5 µg/mL; however, hatchability declined to 75 ± 4.8% at 10 µg/mL. Against HepG2 cells, Gel-Alg-Ag-CO exhibited dose-dependent cytotoxicity with 63 ± 3.5% inhibition at 80 µg/mL and an IC₅₀ of 18.2 µg/mL.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The study demonstrated that Gel-Alg-Ag-CO is a safe, biocompatible, and potent anticancer nanocomposite. Its synergistic effects, combining silver nanoparticles, biopolymer encapsulation, and phytochemicals from CO, highlight its promise as a green, multifunctional platform for targeted cancer nanotherapy. Future in vivo tumor studies are warranted to validate its therapeutic potential.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":481,"journal":{"name":"Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s43088-026-00804-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148465885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacometabolomic study of butanol and ethyl acetate fractions of Pulmonaria officinalis L. revealing neuroprotective effects in LPS-induced alzheimer’s","authors":"Abeer Salama,&nbsp;Mona A. Mohammed,&nbsp;Rasha M.M. Mohasib","doi":"10.1186/s43088-026-00768-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43088-026-00768-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) are particularly involved in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. AChE and TLR4 inhibitions play crucial roles in treating neurodegenerative disorders. <i>Pulmonaria officinalis</i> (PO; lungwort) has shown in vitro antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and AChE inhibitory activities. However in vivo biological properties are still insufficiently explored.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>This study aimed to characterize the metabolomic profile and antioxidant activities of different PO fractions, specifically butanol (BuOH) and ethyl acetate (EtOAc), using colorimetric, spectrophotometric, and chromatographic methods. In addition, studying their neuroprotective effect in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-triggered Alzheimer’s in mice. The qualitative phytochemical analysis revealed that the fractions of PO contain alkaloids, glycosides, phenols, flavonoids, terpenoids, and tannins.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>The lungwort plant was identified with 36 active compounds in the two fractions. Extractions of EtOAc and BuOH lungworts were rich in polyphenolic compounds identified by HPLC and HPLC-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) analysis. Regarding phenolic, tannin, and flavonoid content, PO showed that the EtOAc and BuOH fractions (ABTS•⁺ IC₅₀: 29.64 ± 0.33, 37.46 ± 0.38 and DPPH•⁻ IC₅₀: 43.79 ± 0.66, 38.82 ± 0.35, respectively) were more significant than the other fractions. In the in vivo experiment, mice were randomly divided into four groups, each comprising eight animals. Group I was designated as the normal control, whereas Group II was administered lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 250 µg/kg, intraperitoneally). Groups III and IV were administered PO butanol and ethyl acetate fractions (400 mg/kg, orally) for seven consecutive days along with LPS treatment. PO fractions ameliorated cognitive dysfunction, inhibited neuroinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TLR4, alleviated neurodegeneration and elevated the memory via reducing significantly AChE by 73% and 72% and amyloid beta by 37% and 56%, as compared with LPS-treated mice.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p><i>P. officinalis</i> was investigated in vivo for the first time and has a neuroprotective effect against AD, which may be attributed to the presence of the identified metabolites in this study. The observed effects support the biological relevance of <i>P. officinalis</i> within the experimental models evaluated.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><img></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":481,"journal":{"name":"Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s43088-026-00768-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148465886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental insights into the role of miR‑10b in the regulation of proliferation and apoptosis of SW480 and SW620 colon cancer cell lines","authors":"Subhamay Adhikary,&nbsp;Sibin Nambidi,&nbsp;Shabana Thabassum Mohammed Rafi,&nbsp;Ilangovan Ramachandran,&nbsp;Antara Banerjee,&nbsp;Surajit Pathak","doi":"10.1186/s43088-026-00800-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43088-026-00800-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The present study investigates the potential role of microRNA-10b (miR-10b) in the proliferation and apoptosis of colon cancer cells, with possible associations with WW and C2-domain containing-2 (WWC2) and phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN).</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>Bioinformatics analyses were performed using the UALCAN database, TargetScan, and RNAcofold webserver. In vitro experiments were performed to determine the effects of miR-10b inhibition on primary (SW480) and metastatic (SW620) colon cancer cell lines. 2,3-Bis (2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2 H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide (XTT) assay, senescence-associated β-galactosidase assay, dual acridine-orange/ethidium-bromide apoptosis assay, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), immunofluorescence and western blot experiments were performed.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>UALCAN database analysis showed elevated miR-10b expression in colon cancer patients, but no significant association with overall survival was observed (<i>P</i> = 0.51). TargetScan identified <i>WWC2</i> and <i>PTEN</i> as important miR-10b targets, and RNAcofold demonstrated the lowest minimum free energy (MFE) values between miR-10b and <i>WWC2</i> and <i>PTEN</i>. Transfection with miR-10b inhibitor reduced miR-10b expression, decreased cell viability, and increased cellular senescence in both SW480 and SW620 colon cancer cell lines, with higher apoptosis in SW480 cells, while tumor-suppressor miRNAs, namely miR-34a and miR-124a, were upregulated in both the cell lines. MiR-10b inhibition led to increased <i>WWC2</i> and large tumor suppressor kinases-1/2 (<i>LATS1/2</i>) expression and decreased Yes-associated protein-1 (<i>YAP1</i>) and WW-domain-containing transcription regulator-1 (<i>WWTR1</i>) in SW480 cells, while TEA-domain transcription factor-1 (<i>TEAD1</i>), connective-tissue growth factor (<i>CTGF</i>), and GLI-family zinc finger-2 (<i>GLI2</i>) were decreased in both cell lines. BCL2-associated-X-protein (<i>BAX</i>), BCL2-associated death-promoter (<i>BAD</i>), and Caspase-3 (<i>CASP3)</i> were elevated, whereas B-cell-lymphoma-2 (<i>BCL2</i>) was reduced in SW480 cell line, with no significant differences between the cell lines. Increased <i>PTEN</i> and decreased cyclin-dependent kinase-6 (<i>CDK6</i>) and cyclin D1 (<i>CCND1</i>) expressions were found in SW480 cells, while proliferating cell nuclear antigen (<i>PCNA</i>) expression was reduced in SW620 cells. Immunofluorescence analysis showed reduced nuclear localization of YAP1 and WWTR1; with increased BAX and reduced BCL2 intensity following miR-10b inhibition in both the cell lines. Western blot analysis showed increased WWC2 and PTEN protein expression and decreased BCL2 and WWTR1 protein expression in SW480 cell line.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>miR-10b possibly promote the proliferation and inhibit the apoptosis of colon cancer cell lines.</p><h3>Clinical trial number</h3><p>Not applicable.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":481,"journal":{"name":"Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s43088-026-00800-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148466015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrative strategies in herbal product-based Drug discovery: from computational models to molecular insights","authors":"Akhil Nair,&nbsp;Sinchana Suvarna,&nbsp;Shruthika Karkera,&nbsp;Anvitha Shettigar,&nbsp;Neenu M.K,&nbsp;Swastika Maity,&nbsp;Vasudev Pai,&nbsp;Pavithra Pradeep Prabhu","doi":"10.1186/s43088-026-00805-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43088-026-00805-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Conventional drug discovery process is associated with high costs, lengthy development timelines, and high failure rates mainly for complex multifactorial diseases. These challenges highlight the existing need for various innovative discovery strategies. Natural product continues to play an important role in discovery of drugs, with natural compounds and their derivatives accounting for approximately one-third of all small-molecule drugs that were approved from 1981 to 2019.</p><h3>Main Body</h3><p>Currently, computational and systems-based approaches are being increasingly incorporated in various steps of herbal-drug discovery. These approaches include molecular docking, virtual screening, quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) modelling, network pharmacology, and bioactivity prediction using machine learning. Other emerging technologies such as genome editing and synthetic biology also provide additional opportunities to access and optimize valuable natural-product metabolites. Together, these tools can aid in identifying candidate molecules, elucidate potential mechanisms, and formulation development, although all of it requires experimental validation. Herbal medicines can modulate multiple molecular targets, hence can be advantageous for complex diseases. Analytical techniques such as hyphenated spectroscopy and metabolomics can further contribute to standardization and quality control. Nanocarrier systems and pharmacogenomic approaches can increase bioavailability and support more personalized therapeutic strategies. This review highlights integrated approaches for improving discovery, validation, and herbal therapeutic development.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The combination of traditional knowledge with computational and analytical approaches provides a practical framework for herbal product-based drug discovery. Continued progress will depend on standardization, reproducible methodologies, and robust clinical evidence.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":481,"journal":{"name":"Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s43088-026-00805-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148466016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic profiling of Polyalthia suberosa (Roxb.) Thwaites leaf via UPLC-ESI-MS/MS and highlighting its neuroprotective effect against scopolamine-induced memory impairment rat model","authors":"Orchid A. Mahmoud,&nbsp;Iriny M. Ayoub,&nbsp;Rasha A. Tawfiq,&nbsp;Omayma A. Eldahshan,&nbsp;Abdel Nasser B. Singab","doi":"10.1186/s43088-026-00769-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43088-026-00769-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an irrevocable neurodegenerative disorder that has caught global attention as the root cause of dementia. <i>Polyalthia suberosa</i> (Roxb.) Thwaites was reported to exhibit acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity. To date, its potential protective effects against memory impairment have not been explored.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>This study focused on evaluating the neuroprotective effect of <i>Polyalthia suberosa</i> leaf methanol extract (PSTE) and its dichloromethane soluble fraction (PSDF) against scopolamine (SCO)-induced memory impairment rat model. Additionally, metabolic profiling of PSTE and PSDF was carried out using Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MS/MS). Anticholinesterase activity of PSTE and PSDF was evaluated in vitro. <i>An in vivo</i> study was conducted. Behavioral testing was performed using the elevated plus maze (EPM) and novel object recognition (NOR) tests. Additionally, histopathological examination, acetylcholinesterase activity, and levels were assessed.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Results showed that both PSTE and PSDF displayed promising anticholinesterase activity in vitro, which was also confirmed by in vivo results where PSTE and PSDF at a dose 150 mg/kg were able to normalize the elevated acetylcholinesterase enzyme (AChE) level and activity in hippocampus tissue and minimized neurodegeneration in the brain tissue histopathologically assessed. The low dose of PSDF exhibited noticeable amelioration to SCO-induced memory deficit as evidenced by the significant elevation in the discrimination index and inflexion ratio in both NOR and EPM tests. Moreover, Metabolic profiling of PSTE and PSDF resulted in the tentative identification of 69 compounds, with alkaloids being the major class.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This unprecedented study highlights the substantial use of <i>Polyalthia suberosa</i> leaves as a natural neuroprotective adjuvant against AD.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":481,"journal":{"name":"Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s43088-026-00769-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148465950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multicohort transcriptomic integration and machine learning-based diagnostic modeling for myelodysplastic syndromes","authors":"Rana Hossam Elden,&nbsp;Nancy M. Salem","doi":"10.1186/s43088-026-00767-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43088-026-00767-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS) comprises a heterogeneous group of clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorders characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis, peripheral blood cytopenias, and an increased risk of progression to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Despite extensive research into the molecular pathogenesis of MDS, there remains a critical need for reliable diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets to improve clinical management.</p><h3>Objective</h3><p>The present study aims to identify robust gene expression signatures and key regulatory pathways associated with MDS through integrative transcriptomic analysis, with the goal of enhancing diagnostic accuracy and informing biomarker discovery.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>An integrative bioinformatics approach was employed using transcriptomic data from four publicly available microarray datasets (GSE4619, GSE19429, GSE30195, and GSE58831), encompassing a total of 461 samples. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, followed by functional enrichment analysis to elucidate disrupted biological processes. Protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks were constructed to assess gene connectivity, and hub genes were prioritized via Maximal Clique Centrality (MCC). A panel of 20 hub genes was subsequently used to train multiple supervised learning models. Among them, a Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier with a Radial Basis Function (RBF) kernel demonstrated superior diagnostic performance. Model generalizability was assessed using two independent external datasets (GSE114922 and GSE2779).</p><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 543 DEGs were identified, comprising 320 upregulated and 223 downregulated genes. Functional enrichment revealed significant perturbations in erythropoiesis, immune-related pathways, and transcriptional regulation. PPI network analysis revealed 20 highly connected hub genes, enriched with interferon signaling and B-cell lineage functions. The SVM-RBF classifier achieved an accuracy of 99.39% and an AUC of 0.9998. External validation confirmed the model’s robustness, yielding 100% sensitivity and over 91% accuracy in both validation cohorts.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study presents a comprehensive integrative framework for the transcriptomic classification of MDS, highlighting key gene signatures with high diagnostic potential. The identified hub genes represent promising candidates for the future development of targeted molecular diagnostics and may provide insights into MDS pathobiology, supporting advancements in precision hematology.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":481,"journal":{"name":"Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s43088-026-00767-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148465423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}