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Public procurement as an innovation policy: Where do we stand? 作为创新政策的公共采购：我们在哪里？
IF 1.7 3区 经济学
International Journal of Industrial Organization Pub Date : 2025-03-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijindorg.2025.103157
Olga Chiappinelli , Leonardo M. Giuffrida , Giancarlo Spagnolo
{"title":"Public procurement as an innovation policy: Where do we stand?","authors":"Olga Chiappinelli ,&nbsp;Leonardo M. Giuffrida ,&nbsp;Giancarlo Spagnolo","doi":"10.1016/j.ijindorg.2025.103157","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijindorg.2025.103157","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Scholars and policymakers have long recognized the potential of public procurement as an industrial policy tool to incentivize innovation. However, it remains unclear to what extent this potential has been realized and what measures should be implemented to maximize performance. This paper surveys the economic literature on public procurement of innovation (PPI) to take stock of this debate. We discuss the existing research on four broad questions: i) Does PPI spur innovation? ii) How should PPI be designed to best spur innovation? iii) What barriers hinder the implementation of PPI? iv) What is the role of PPI in the innovation policy mix? We conclude that PPI can be an effective innovation policy, but that further investigation is needed for a more solid assessment. We highlight the areas where additional research is most needed and discuss policy implications for current global challenges.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48127,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Industrial Organization","volume":"100 ","pages":"Article 103157"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143578131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Keith Cowling and industrial policy 凯斯·考林和产业政策
IF 1.7 3区 经济学
International Journal of Industrial Organization Pub Date : 2025-03-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijindorg.2025.103156
Michael Waterson
{"title":"Keith Cowling and industrial policy","authors":"Michael Waterson","doi":"10.1016/j.ijindorg.2025.103156","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijindorg.2025.103156","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The purpose of this short paper is simply to outline and comment upon Keith Cowling's thinking and writings on industrial policy/ industrial strategy, Keith being an early proponent for the pursuit of industrial policy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48127,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Industrial Organization","volume":"100 ","pages":"Article 103156"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143562471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Start-up acquisitions, venture capital and innovation: A comparative study of Google, Apple, Facebook, Amazon and Microsoft 初创企业收购、风险投资与创新：b谷歌与苹果、Facebook、亚马逊、微软的比较研究
IF 1.7 3区 经济学
International Journal of Industrial Organization Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijindorg.2025.103148
Klaus Gugler, Florian Szücs, Ulrich Wohak
{"title":"Start-up acquisitions, venture capital and innovation: A comparative study of Google, Apple, Facebook, Amazon and Microsoft","authors":"Klaus Gugler,&nbsp;Florian Szücs,&nbsp;Ulrich Wohak","doi":"10.1016/j.ijindorg.2025.103148","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijindorg.2025.103148","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We evaluate the impact of big-tech acquisitions on the incentives for venture capital (VC) investment and innovation. Using data on several hundred acquisitions by Google, Apple, Facebook, Amazon and Microsoft (GAFAM), we study the evolution of VC investment and patenting in affected technology fields relative to control groups. The results show a clear negative impact on VC investment, while the effect on innovation depends on the acquirer and period. Over time, the treatment effects on both outcomes improve, as GAFAM firms' product and tech-portfolios become more similar. Yet, around 14% of acquisitions impact both metrics negatively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48127,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Industrial Organization","volume":"99 ","pages":"Article 103148"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143509794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Inertia in the U.S. federal crop insurance market 美国联邦农作物保险市场的惯性
IF 1.7 3区 经济学
International Journal of Industrial Organization Pub Date : 2025-02-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijindorg.2025.103149
Xiaodong Du
{"title":"Inertia in the U.S. federal crop insurance market","authors":"Xiaodong Du","doi":"10.1016/j.ijindorg.2025.103149","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijindorg.2025.103149","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We document significant inertia in farmers' crop insurance choices using a large panel of farm insurance records. Farmers often retain their previous year's plans, even after substantial shocks. We quantify inertia as the cost of switching plans in a discrete choice framework, incorporating an inertia indicator along with plan-specific attributes such as premiums, subsidies, and expected indemnities. These attributes are constructed based on individual farm characteristics. Our analysis estimates the average switching cost at approximately $10.9 per acre, comparable to the average per-acre premium for the yield insurance plan (APH) at 65% coverage and the revenue insurance plan (CRC) at 55% coverage. Explicit and implicit switching costs, information friction, and inattention contribute to this inertia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48127,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Industrial Organization","volume":"100 ","pages":"Article 103149"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143510376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Flavorants and addiction: An empirical analysis of cigarette bans and taxation 香料与成瘾：烟草禁令与税收的实证分析
IF 1.7 3区 经济学
International Journal of Industrial Organization Pub Date : 2025-02-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijindorg.2025.103147
Jiawei Chen , Colin Reinhardt
{"title":"Flavorants and addiction: An empirical analysis of cigarette bans and taxation","authors":"Jiawei Chen ,&nbsp;Colin Reinhardt","doi":"10.1016/j.ijindorg.2025.103147","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijindorg.2025.103147","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We evaluate the proposed FDA menthol cigarette ban using aggregate-level retail data and micro-level household data. The model incorporates addiction and household heterogeneity, with a focus on low-income households and the Black community, who consume menthol cigarettes the most. The ban reduces cigarette usage by 12.6% and the Black smoking rate by 35%, while demand for e-cigarettes and cessation products increases by 4.9% and 1.7%, respectively. A $1.02-per-pack cigarette sales tax is as effective as the menthol cigarette ban in reducing cigarette usage, while resulting in a smaller reduction in consumer surplus across most demographic groups, especially Black Americans. Including non-tobacco flavored e-cigarettes in the ban reduces cigarette consumption similarly, while e-cigarette usage decreases by 46%.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48127,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Industrial Organization","volume":"99 ","pages":"Article 103147"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143474435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Entry deterrence, domino effects and mergers in markets for complements 进入威慑、多米诺骨牌效应和互补市场兼并
IF 1.7 3区 经济学
International Journal of Industrial Organization Pub Date : 2025-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijindorg.2025.103145
Paolo Ramezzana
{"title":"Entry deterrence, domino effects and mergers in markets for complements","authors":"Paolo Ramezzana","doi":"10.1016/j.ijindorg.2025.103145","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijindorg.2025.103145","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper studies entry deterrence through exclusive contracts in markets for complementary components. When two components are produced by independent incumbents that both face entry threats, the incumbents' entry deterrence actions are strategic complements for a broad set of demand functions. As a result, when entry costs are sufficiently similar in the two components, in equilibrium entry is deterred in both components or in none. Thus, policy interventions that focus on promoting entry in a single component can have domino effects that lead to entry in all components. A merger between the incumbents allows for more efficient pricing of the system relative to a bilateral monopoly and, through this channel, increases the joint profits that the incumbents can earn if they deter entry. For intermediate levels of entry costs, this implies that the incumbents deter entry only if they are merged and thus, in an example of an “efficiency offense”, that the merger increases prices and lowers welfare. For sufficiently high entry costs, instead, entry is deterred even without the merger and the only effect of the merger is to lower prices and increase welfare.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48127,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Industrial Organization","volume":"99 ","pages":"Article 103145"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143387164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Platform-enabled information disclosure 支持平台的信息披露
IF 1.7 3区 经济学
International Journal of Industrial Organization Pub Date : 2025-01-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijindorg.2025.103143
Jacopo Gambato , Martin Peitz
{"title":"Platform-enabled information disclosure","authors":"Jacopo Gambato ,&nbsp;Martin Peitz","doi":"10.1016/j.ijindorg.2025.103143","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijindorg.2025.103143","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We analyze consumers' voluntary information disclosure in a platform setting. For given consumer participation, the platform and sellers tend to prefer limited disclosure of consumer valuations, in contrast to consumers. With endogenous consumer participation, seller and platform incentives may be misaligned, and sellers may be better off when consumers can disclose their valuations. A regulator acting in the best interest of consumers and/or sellers may want to intervene and force the platform to employ a disclosure technology that enables consumers to voluntarily disclose information from a richer message space.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48127,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Industrial Organization","volume":"99 ","pages":"Article 103143"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143097631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Can nonprofit target-setting mechanisms drive for-profit compliance? Evidence from sodium content 非营利机构的目标设定机制能推动营利性机构的合规吗？钠含量的证据
IF 1.7 3区 经济学
International Journal of Industrial Organization Pub Date : 2025-01-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijindorg.2025.103144
Christian Rojas , Ezgi Cengiz
{"title":"Can nonprofit target-setting mechanisms drive for-profit compliance? Evidence from sodium content","authors":"Christian Rojas ,&nbsp;Ezgi Cengiz","doi":"10.1016/j.ijindorg.2025.103144","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijindorg.2025.103144","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The 2009 National Salt Reduction Initiative (NSRI) set sodium content targets for packaged food products in the United States. Some manufacturers pledged to meet the NSRI targets by 2014. We quantify the causal effect of the NSRI on sodium content reductions. Our identification of the effect rests on two pillars. First, the NSRI targets were set exogenously as they were determined by public health authorities (rather than firms) and according to criteria that are arguably unrelated to supply or demand factors. Second, the NSRI created unequal incentives for product reformulation: Firms had an incentive to only reformulate products with sodium content above the NSRI target. Furthermore, compliance with the targets implied that a greater sodium reduction was needed for products farther above the targets. Using a kink regression discontinuity design, we show that the NSRI reduced excess sodium content by about 30 percent. Interestingly, we find that the NSRI had a causal effect on firms that declared their pledge to the voluntary program (signatories) as well as on those that did not (non-signatories). We discuss possible reasons for the effectiveness of this target-setting mechanism.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48127,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Industrial Organization","volume":"99 ","pages":"Article 103144"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143141237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Complex pricing and consumer-side attention 复杂的定价和消费者方面的关注
IF 1.7 3区 经济学
International Journal of Industrial Organization Pub Date : 2025-01-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijindorg.2025.103142
Christian Fischer-Thöne , Alexander Rasch , Tobias Wenzel
{"title":"Complex pricing and consumer-side attention","authors":"Christian Fischer-Thöne ,&nbsp;Alexander Rasch ,&nbsp;Tobias Wenzel","doi":"10.1016/j.ijindorg.2025.103142","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijindorg.2025.103142","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper analyzes a market in which two horizontally differentiated firms compete by setting menus of two-part tariffs, and some consumers are not informed about the linear per-unit price component. We consider two regulatory interventions that limit firms' ability to price discriminate: (i) diminishing the range of contracts by reducing the number of two-part tariffs offered (which prohibits inter-group price discrimination); and (ii) reducing tariff complexity by abolishing linear fees (which prohibits inter-group and intra-group price discrimination). We characterize the effects of these interventions on firm profits and consumer welfare, and we identify conditions for the optimal regulatory policy. Our results provide insights for the evaluation of policy interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48127,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Industrial Organization","volume":"99 ","pages":"Article 103142"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143141236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Platform design and innovation incentives: Evidence from the product rating system on Apple's App Store 平台设计和创新激励：来自苹果App Store产品评级系统的证据
IF 1.7 3区 经济学
International Journal of Industrial Organization Pub Date : 2025-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijindorg.2024.103133
Benjamin T. Leyden
{"title":"Platform design and innovation incentives: Evidence from the product rating system on Apple's App Store","authors":"Benjamin T. Leyden","doi":"10.1016/j.ijindorg.2024.103133","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijindorg.2024.103133","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>I study how the aggregation of product ratings on digital platforms affects the strategic behavior of third-party firms. Leveraging an unexpected and exogenous change in the rating system on Apple's App Store marketplace, I find that for nearly a decade, the manner in which the App Store aggregated customer ratings discouraged product updating by developers. Additionally, developers who were more reliant on the rating system were more responsive to the incentives created by this policy. Last, I provide suggestive evidence that the policy led to a decrease in developer effort on the platform.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48127,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Industrial Organization","volume":"99 ","pages":"Article 103133"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143141235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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