Journal of Policy Modeling最新文献_第8页

Impact of rural-urban energy equality on environmental sustainability and the role of governance "城乡能源平等对环境可持续性的影响以及治理的作用

IF 3.5 2区经济学

Journal of Policy Modeling Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpolmod.2024.01.004

Eric Evans Osei Opoku , Alex O. Acheampong , Olufemi Adewale Aluko

{"title":"Impact of rural-urban energy equality on environmental sustainability and the role of governance","authors":"Eric Evans Osei Opoku , Alex O. Acheampong , Olufemi Adewale Aluko","doi":"10.1016/j.jpolmod.2024.01.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpolmod.2024.01.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Globally, rural areas suffer from less infrastructure relative to urban areas. Political and development economists have mainly attributed this disparity in infrastructure distribution to governance. The literature has sufficiently discussed the role that rural-urban infrastructure inequality plays in development outcomes such as poverty. However, not much is known about the effect of the rural-urban infrastructure gap on the environment. To contribute to knowledge and policy discussions, we investigate the impact of rural-urban energy access (in)equality on environmental degradation and the role governance plays using data from 47 sub-Saharan African countries from 2000–2020. Evidence from the heteroskedasticity-based instrumental variable regression consistent with Driscoll and Kraay's estimation revealed that bridging rural-urban energy access inequality is associated with reduction in environmental degradation. We also documented that the direct effect of the governance-related variables used is mixed. The moderation and marginal effect estimates showed that improving governance quality conditions equality in rural-urban energy access to reduce environmental degradation. From a policy perspective, these findings suggest that the implementation of rural electrification policies supported by a good governance system would play a crucial role in mitigating environmental degradation in developing countries.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Policy Modeling","volume":"46 2","pages":"Pages 304-335"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0161893824000048/pdfft?md5=15808443b5b3387c1122225ffbe088f6&pid=1-s2.0-S0161893824000048-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139638939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Space launches and the environment: As the earth orbit level matters, what can be done? 航天发射与环境：地球轨道水平很重要，可以做些什么？

IF 3.5 2区经济学

Journal of Policy Modeling Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpolmod.2024.01.010

Ficawoyi Donou-Adonsou

引用次数: 0

Fiscal decentralization for the delivery of health and education in Indian states: An ongoing process is more desirable than a policy shift 卫生和教育领域的财政权力下放：在印度各邦，持续的进程比政策转变更可取

IF 3.5 2区经济学

Journal of Policy Modeling Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpolmod.2024.01.006

Richa Singh , Sankalpa Bhattacharjee , Amarendu Nandy

{"title":"Fiscal decentralization for the delivery of health and education in Indian states: An ongoing process is more desirable than a policy shift","authors":"Richa Singh , Sankalpa Bhattacharjee , Amarendu Nandy","doi":"10.1016/j.jpolmod.2024.01.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpolmod.2024.01.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>We examine the impact of fiscal decentralization reforms on two central components of public </span>service delivery outcomes, viz., health and education using feasible generalized least squares on a balanced panel of 18 non-special category states of India for the period 2002–2020. Given India’s complex decentralization framework, intertwined with dynamic political and socioeconomic dimensions and weak institutional processes, our analysis is critical to examining the efficacy of decentralization as a policy instrument to augment the provision of public services. The novelty of our study stems not only from its longitudinal and multidimensional approach towards analyzing the effectiveness of decentralization reforms but also from its unique construction of an ‘institutional quality’ index that is critical for ensuring accountability in the decentralization process. Our findings underscore the positive impact of fiscal decentralization as a reformative intervention on public service delivery outcomes, highlighting the role of Indian polity and socioeconomic channels of accountability in shaping those outcomes. The study emphasizes the imperative to augment institutional quality, safeguard press freedom, enhance local government capacity, and delineate distinct functions within key policy domains for successful decentralization reforms.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Policy Modeling","volume":"46 2","pages":"Pages 254-271"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139516339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

How do industrialization and agricultural land use affect urban population in Turkey? Policy implications in the context of SDGs 工业化和农业用地如何影响土耳其的城市人口?可持续发展目标背景下的政策影响

IF 3.5 2区经济学

Journal of Policy Modeling Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpolmod.2023.08.004

Volkan Göçoğlu , Serkan Göksu

{"title":"How do industrialization and agricultural land use affect urban population in Turkey? Policy implications in the context of SDGs","authors":"Volkan Göçoğlu , Serkan Göksu","doi":"10.1016/j.jpolmod.2023.08.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpolmod.2023.08.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Urban population growth in Turkey has been increasing rapidly since the middle of the 20th century. The escalating population, particularly in urban regions, has emerged as a critical challenge in achieving sustainable urban management. The Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) 2, 9, and 11 present various avenues for governments to adress this predicament. This study employs the framework of multiple stream model, offering a valuable lens through which policies can identify opportune moments for policy implementation. The study examines the impact of industrialization and agricultural land use on the country's urban population while identifying potential opportunities for enhancing sustainable urban management in alignment with the SDGs. Subsequently, it critically examines the asymmetrical effects of these two significant factors on the urban population, formulating policy recommendations based on the empirical findings. The study concludes by stressing the significance of prioritizing sustainable, long-term agricultural and industrialization policies outlined in national policy documents rather than relying on short-term and temporary solutions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Policy Modeling","volume":"46 1","pages":"Pages 198-211"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42502020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The debt-growth nexus and debt sustainability in Nigeria: Are there reasons to be concerned? 尼日利亚的债务-增长关系和债务可持续性：有理由担忧吗？

IF 3.5 2区经济学

Journal of Policy Modeling Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpolmod.2023.11.004

Olajide O. Oyadeyi , Olayode W. Agboola , Solomon O. Okunade , Tolulope T. Osinubi

{"title":"The debt-growth nexus and debt sustainability in Nigeria: Are there reasons to be concerned?","authors":"Olajide O. Oyadeyi , Olayode W. Agboola , Solomon O. Okunade , Tolulope T. Osinubi","doi":"10.1016/j.jpolmod.2023.11.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpolmod.2023.11.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study examined the threshold effect of debt on economic growth in Nigeria, with a view to investigating debt sustainability levels in the country. The analysis included yearly data from 1981 to 2021. To achieve its objectives, the study used two-regime threshold ARDL regression approaches. Findings reveal that the optimal thresholds for total debt as a ratio of GDP (TDB/GDP), GNI (TDB/GNI), total revenue (TDB/REV), and exports of goods and services (TDB/EXP) are 46.1%, 54.5%, 355.3%, and 24.9%, respectively. Findings also indicate that debt ratios below the threshold levels have a significant positive impact on economic growth. This is true for all the debt ratios, except debt-to-export ratio. However, debt ratios above the threshold levels have a negative and significant effect on Nigeria’s economic growth. Furthermore, findings reveal that only the level of domestic debt is sustainable over the long and short run, whereas external debt and total debt are only sustainable over the long run. When expressed as ratios of GDP and GNI, evidence indicates that Nigeria’s debt is not sustainable by all the five measures of debt adopted in the study, both in the short run and in the long run while total debt to revenue ratio is only sustainable only in the long run. The paper adequately explores the implications of these findings and offers relevant policy recommendations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Policy Modeling","volume":"46 1","pages":"Pages 129-152"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135411811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

China's foreign direct investments: Do they promote domestic green technology? 中国的对外直接投资：它们促进了国内绿色技术吗？

IF 3.5 2区经济学

Journal of Policy Modeling Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpolmod.2023.08.002

Xiang Cai , Xiaohui Zhao , Cuiting Jiang , Liguo Zhang

引用次数: 0

Is it worth subsidising the cultural sector? New insights from Italian theatre companies 为文化部门提供补贴是否值得?意大利戏剧公司的新见解

IF 3.5 2区经济学

Journal of Policy Modeling Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpolmod.2023.11.006

Concetta Castiglione , Davide Infante , Marta Zieba

{"title":"Is it worth subsidising the cultural sector? New insights from Italian theatre companies","authors":"Concetta Castiglione , Davide Infante , Marta Zieba","doi":"10.1016/j.jpolmod.2023.11.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpolmod.2023.11.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We study the impact of public subsidies on the efficiency of performing arts through an empirical analysis of Italian theatres (including opera houses, permanent theatres, and theatre production companies), using an output-oriented approach. Firstly, we discuss the previous works on efficiency and its determinants in the presence of public subsidies. Secondly, the stochastic frontier analysis true random-effects model and the IV GMM second stage regressions are used together with a procedure to measure the marginal effects of subsidies. Our findings suggest that the impact of public funds on technical efficiency of the Italian theatrical firms is positive and significant. The elasticity of public subsidy on efficiency is smaller than one. However, the return on subsidies amounts to 87 on average. These returns vary between Italian performing arts sub-sectors, and are very high for theatre production companies, low for permanent theatres, and very low for opera houses. We also find that the technological progress is negative for the theatrical Italian sector and it leads to the decline in total factor productivity over time, providing empirical support to the presence of Baumol’s disease in the sector. Overall, since Italian theatres technical efficiency could be increased at least by 25–27%, policy makers could work on public incentives in such a way as to avoid that, due to asymmetric information between government and theatrical firms, subsidies are provided (and criticised) indiscriminately.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Policy Modeling","volume":"46 1","pages":"Pages 20-38"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138530678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Growth gains from offshore outsourcing 离岸外包带来的增长收益

IF 3.5 2区经济学

Journal of Policy Modeling Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpolmod.2023.11.009

Anwesha Basu , Sugata Marjit , C. Veeramani

引用次数: 0

Social expenditure composition, inequality and growth in the OECD: Labour market policies are most effective 经合组织的社会支出构成、不平等和增长：劳动力市场政策最为有效

IF 3.5 2区经济学

Journal of Policy Modeling Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpolmod.2024.01.001

Pedro Bação, Joshua Duarte, Marta Simões

{"title":"Social expenditure composition, inequality and growth in the OECD: Labour market policies are most effective","authors":"Pedro Bação, Joshua Duarte, Marta Simões","doi":"10.1016/j.jpolmod.2024.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpolmod.2024.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The literature on public social expenditure envisages a role for the composition of public social expenditure in the design of policies to reduce inequality and promote economic growth. However, there is a lack of empirical evidence on which to ground social policy decisions. This study contributes to filling this gap by investigating the dynamic interdependencies between nine different categories of social spending, inequality and growth in 36 OECD countries over the period 1995–2017. According to the results of our work, based on a PVAR model, achieving a decrease in inequality without decreasing output growth is possible, requiring a change in the composition of social policy that gives more weight to spending on old age and survivors’ pensions, incapacity and family benefits, and active labour market policies, the latter having also a positive impact on growth. On the contrary, social expenditure on housing, as it has been conducted, appears to harm growth and enhance inequality.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Policy Modeling","volume":"46 1","pages":"Pages 75-89"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0161893824000012/pdfft?md5=ada415a2b513c18e761dfe25c31b79f9&pid=1-s2.0-S0161893824000012-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139516283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The effectiveness of fiscal policy in Brazil through the MIDAS Lens 从MIDAS视角看巴西财政政策的有效性

IF 3.5 2区经济学

Journal of Policy Modeling Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpolmod.2023.10.004

Renan Santos Alves , Andreza A. Palma

{"title":"The effectiveness of fiscal policy in Brazil through the MIDAS Lens","authors":"Renan Santos Alves , Andreza A. Palma","doi":"10.1016/j.jpolmod.2023.10.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpolmod.2023.10.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper aims to examine the effects of fiscal policy on economic growth in Brazil between 1999 and 2017. For this purpose, a novel methodology is applied, using a Vector Autoregressive with Mixed Frequency (MIDAS-VAR) model, proposed by Ghysels (2016), which allows for the estimation of the spending multiplier by measuring the impact of high-frequency data at low-frequency and vice versa. The impact of various types of spending on the gross domestic product (GDP) is analyzed, including primary expenditure, personnel, social benefits, subsidies, investment, and costing, while the central government’s primary revenue is used as the revenue variable. The expenditure and tax revenue are the high-frequency variables (monthly observations), whereas GDP is a low-frequency series (quarterly). The estimated fiscal multipliers for primary spending are less than one, suggesting no significant Keynesian effect on output, with particular attention given to the investment multiplier, which is estimated to be close to zero. Our results suggest that the frequency of data matters, and government expenditure has no significant impact on real GDP growth in Brazil. Therefore, the ability of Brazilian fiscal policy to influence economic growth may be limited.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Policy Modeling","volume":"46 1","pages":"Pages 113-128"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138530682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0