{"title":"Performance as theater: Expert pianists’ awareness of sight and sound in the concert","authors":"Olivia Urbaniak, Helen F Mitchell","doi":"10.1177/03057356231189690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03057356231189690","url":null,"abstract":"Sight and sound are critical to the reception of music performance. Audiences respond to myriad nonverbal cues to appraise the performance, but little is known about Western classical performers’ approach to commanding attention and achieving performance mastery. This study aims to understand how expert performers conceptualize the audio and visual spectacle in the concert hall, and how they harness nonverbal communication and extramusical cues into performance. Nine expert pianists participated in semi-structured interviews about their approach to performance and their preparation for a hypothetical concert in an international venue. Their responses were coded, categorized, and eventually clustered into three themes. Experts were acutely aware of the audience’s gaze and viewed classical performances as theater. Sight was integral for expert performers who shared Liszt’s uncanny appreciation of showmanship. Experts choreographed performances for their audiences with dramatic stage entrance and elegant concert attire, and crafted performance through impressive memorization and amplified visual gestures. Future studies will explore how experts practice performance as theater and discover their strategies to prepare for the stage.","PeriodicalId":47977,"journal":{"name":"Psychology of Music","volume":"137 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135397623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comparing effects of sad melody versus sad lyrics on mood","authors":"Nathan Pond, David Leavens","doi":"10.1177/03057356231189680","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03057356231189680","url":null,"abstract":"While researchers have consistently found that music can evoke discrete emotions in people cross-culturally, there is little consensus regarding the mechanisms underpinning this effect. The present study aimed to gain further insight into how music influences emotions, investigating whether the lyrics or the melody of a sad piece of non-classical music had a greater influence on mood. The researchers presented a sample of 251 participants with isolated melody, isolated lyrics, and the original version of a sad pop-ballad in turn, measuring the influence of each on mood using the Brief Mood Introspection Scale (BMIS). A one-way repeated measures ANOVA revealed that all versions of the song significantly reduced mood scores from baseline, with the isolated lyrics and original version of the song reducing mood to a greater magnitude than the melody. The results suggested that both the lyrics and melody of the music influenced mood, though the lyrics appeared to do so to a greater extent. Furthermore, a thematic analysis of open-response questions provided preliminary evidence that the semantic content of lyrics was more influential on mood than the vocal expression of lyrics. Future research should aim to replicate these findings, using both positively and negatively emotionally valenced musical stimuli.","PeriodicalId":47977,"journal":{"name":"Psychology of Music","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41849490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anne E Fritzson, Sona Dimidjian, Laurel M. Hicks, Kathleen Law, J. Nytch, Bernadette Park
{"title":"The use of lullaby to support social and emotional wellness among parents during the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Anne E Fritzson, Sona Dimidjian, Laurel M. Hicks, Kathleen Law, J. Nytch, Bernadette Park","doi":"10.1177/03057356231186958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03057356231186958","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted loneliness as a major risk factor for mental health difficulties among parents. Shared musical experiences may be an effective way to create social bonds. We adapted Carnegie Hall’s Lullaby Project to a remote format. Parents experiencing loneliness were enrolled in the study ( N = 40) and completed assessments at pre-intervention, post-intervention, and 1-month follow-up. Participation was associated with significant improvement in self-reported loneliness, self-reported sense of belonging, implicit sense of belonging, self-reported depression, and self-reported anxiety. However, the difference between implicit belonging and rejection did not significantly change over time, and there was no evidence for change in self-reported parent–child connection. In contrast to the quantitative findings, the qualitative responses suggested that participants experienced an enhancement in parent–child connection following intervention completion. The findings highlight the potential for remote administration of music programs to address isolation and loneliness.","PeriodicalId":47977,"journal":{"name":"Psychology of Music","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65125904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A moderated mediation study of music engagement, adaptive music listening, and dreaming","authors":"C. Yu, Siu-Sing Wong","doi":"10.1177/03057356231159199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03057356231159199","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to test whether the adaptive functions of music listening would mediate the relation between music engagement and subjective dream intensity and whether this mediation relation would be moderated by the regularity of music listening and level of music training. A total of 236 undergraduate students were invited to complete the Music Engagement Questionnaire, Music Use Questionnaire (MUSE), Adaptive Functions of Music Listening Scale (AFML), and Dream Intensity Scale. The analyses using the PROCESS Marco Models 4 and 75 demonstrated a significant mediation effect of the AFML and significant moderation effects of the MUSE Music Listening and Music Training Indices. This provides the first empirical evidence for the indirect effect of active music engagement on dream intensity via adaptive music listening. In addition, the overall evidence highlights the implication for the significance of music behavior in maintaining mental healthiness. Because an individual’s emotional concerns and difficulty in emotion regulation during waking as reflected by the subconscious process of dreaming are modulated by music behavior and adaptive music listening, directed music engagement for adaptive purposes could form a potential tool for psychological intervention, irrespective of the effect of the regularity of music listening and the background of music training.","PeriodicalId":47977,"journal":{"name":"Psychology of Music","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44490480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dynamic audio-visual correspondence in musicians and non-musicians","authors":"Xiyu Guo, Jianning Qu, Mengying Liu, Chuanjun Liu, Jianping Huang","doi":"10.1177/03057356231185467","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03057356231185467","url":null,"abstract":"Most previous audio-visual crossmodal correspondence studies focused on static visual or auditory stimuli. Moreover, some researchers have found that music training can effectively improve the interaction between auditory and visual channels by enhancing neural plasticity. This study focused on whether crossmodal correspondence occurs when people face dynamic visual and auditory stimuli, and whether it is affected by musical training. Participants were asked to judge different changes in pitch (rise and drop) by showing them different patterns of visual circle motion (enlarged, reduced, and unchanged). The results revealed that the audio-visual congruent combinations (the pitch rise when the circle was enlarged and the pitch drop when the circle was reduced) significantly shortened participants’ response times, whereas the audio-visual neutral combinations (the unchanged shape) had the highest accuracy. Participants with musical training were faster than participants without musical training to judge pitch changes in conditions where the association between pitch and shape size was incongruent. These findings provide empirical evidence for dynamic audio-visual crossmodal correspondence and shed light on the bright prospect of using congruent audio-visual stimuli in animation.","PeriodicalId":47977,"journal":{"name":"Psychology of Music","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41702568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Identifying a music-specific virtuoso: Exploratory factor analysis of virtuosos in Korean music","authors":"Y. Kim, Moo Kyoung Song","doi":"10.1177/03057356231186924","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03057356231186924","url":null,"abstract":"The characteristics of musically or culturally defined virtuosos in diverse music traditions deserve investigation with regard to their connection to music. This study was designed to identify virtuosos within the domain of Korean music (KM) through the lens of current professional performers in KM ( N = 315). Pursuing this aim, we created 45 components structured into the dimensions involving KM virtuosos’ musicianship, music performance, and other behavioral features based on musicological and empirical studies of KM. Using exploratory factor analysis (EFA), we generated a single factorial structure of 11 factors: social recognition of virtuoso, informed knowledge of KM, musicality for contemporary KM, individuality, musical communication, musicality for KM, performance proficiency for KM, musical mastery, established virtuosity in KM, collaborative music performance, and KM creation. The findings suggest that the meaningfully related variables in the factors represent sophisticated concepts of KM virtuosos at present, surpassing the historically defined meaning of virtuosos. The essence of KM, along with its accompanying social systems and phenomena for recognizing KM virtuosos, may hold the key to comprehending the attributes of virtuosos. The results are expected to enhance the discourse on the presence of virtuosos identified within a specific cultural domain.","PeriodicalId":47977,"journal":{"name":"Psychology of Music","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45323637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gemma Fernández-Rubio, Emma Risgaard Olsen, M. Klarlund, O. Mallon, F. Carlomagno, P. Vuust, M. Kringelbach, E. Brattico, L. Bonetti
{"title":"Investigating the impact of age on auditory short-term, long-term, and working memory","authors":"Gemma Fernández-Rubio, Emma Risgaard Olsen, M. Klarlund, O. Mallon, F. Carlomagno, P. Vuust, M. Kringelbach, E. Brattico, L. Bonetti","doi":"10.1177/03057356231183404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03057356231183404","url":null,"abstract":"Cognitive aging is characterized by the gradual decline of a number of abilities, such as attention, executive functioning, and memory. Research on memory aging has reported age-related deficits in short-term (STM), long-term (LTM), and working memory (WM) and linked these to structural and functional changes in the brain that occur with aging. However, only a few studies have drawn direct comparisons between these memory subsystems in the auditory domain. In this study, we assessed auditory STM, LTM, and WM abilities of young (under 25 years of age) and older (over 60 years of age) adults using musical and numerical tasks. In addition, we measured musical training history and tested its modulating effects on auditory memory performance. Overall, we found that older adults underperformed in specific memory tasks, such as STM related to discrimination of rhythmic sequences, LTM associated with identification of novel musical sequences, and numerical WM. Furthermore, we observed a positive influence of musical training on certain memory tasks involving music. In conclusion, aging differentially affects several types of auditory memory, and in the case of specific musical memory tasks, a higher level of musical training provides significant advantages.","PeriodicalId":47977,"journal":{"name":"Psychology of Music","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47257928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comparing the benefits of parent–infant flute and singing groups for communication and parenting: A feasibility study","authors":"Tamar Hadar, Nina Politimou, F. Franco","doi":"10.1177/03057356231166759","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03057356231166759","url":null,"abstract":"There is growing evidence highlighting benefits of musical exposure and participation on several aspects of development and parenting. Aiming to establish a rigorous protocol allowing researchers to study different types of musical interactions and their benefits on the development of early communication, the present study explored parents’ experiences of musically engaging with their infants in different types of music groups. Twenty-five infants and their parents were randomly assigned to one of three groups: (1) singing, (2) flute playing, or (3) control group. Music sessions were held weekly for 14 weeks and were followed by the home use of the recorded routines specific of each group, for further 3 months. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with the experimental groups’ participants, and pre/post quantitative developmental measures were collected from all groups, to assess participants’ compliance. Qualitative analyses of the interviews revealed both shared themes, (communication enhancement, enjoyment, and regulation); and unique themes (creativity and freedom in the flute group; familiarity and responsiveness in the singing group). The feasibility study was successful in establishing a workable protocol to use in RCT longitudinal interventions aiming to examine how specific aspects of the musical experience might differentially support developmental outcomes, in parent–infant groups.","PeriodicalId":47977,"journal":{"name":"Psychology of Music","volume":"164 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41299859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reminiscence bump invariance with respect to genre, age, and country.","authors":"James Renwick, Matthew H Woolhouse","doi":"10.1177/03057356221141735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03057356221141735","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We report a cross-cultural study investigating musical reminiscence bumps, the phenomenon whereby adults remain emotionally invested in the music they preferentially listened to in adolescence. Using a crowdsourcing service, 4,824 participants from 102 countries were each required to recall five songs (titles and artist names), resulting in a 24,120-song study. In addition, participants provided demographic information and answered questions relating to the songs they recalled, such as age first listened to, levels of nostalgia, and associated emotions. Song titles and artist names were cleaned and genre information established through fuzzy matching recalled information to songs within an open-source music encyclopedia. These data, plus participants' demographic information, allowed reminiscence bumps differentiated by age, sex, country, and genre preference to be explored. Recency-bias effects of recalled songs were also investigated. Results demonstrated that the musical reminiscence bump phenomenon is common to all age groups and both sexes, pervasive across all countries, and is not restricted to particular genres. In sum, musical reminiscence bumps appear to be biologically and culturally ubiquitous.</p>","PeriodicalId":47977,"journal":{"name":"Psychology of Music","volume":"51 4","pages":"1349-1365"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/45/36/10.1177_03057356221141735.PMC10357890.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10300515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Corrigendum to Ageing and the orchestra: Self-efficacy and engagement in community music-making","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/03057356221125798","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03057356221125798","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47977,"journal":{"name":"Psychology of Music","volume":"51 1","pages":"NP1 - NP1"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43188838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}