D. Duman, Nerdinga Snape, A. Danso, P. Toiviainen, G. Luck
{"title":"Groove as a multidimensional participatory experience","authors":"D. Duman, Nerdinga Snape, A. Danso, P. Toiviainen, G. Luck","doi":"10.1177/03057356231165327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03057356231165327","url":null,"abstract":"Groove is a popular and widely used concept in the field of music. Yet, its precise definition remains elusive. Upon closer inspection, groove appears to be used as an umbrella term with various connotations depending on the musical era, the musical context, and the individual using the term. Our aim in this article was to explore different definitions and connotations of the term groove so as to reach a more detailed understanding of it. Consequently, in an online survey, 88 participants provided free-text descriptions of the term groove. A thematic analysis revealed that groove is a multifaceted phenomenon, and participants’ descriptions fit into two main categories: music- and experience-related aspects. Based on this analysis, we propose a contemporary working definition of the term groove as used in the field of music psychology: “Groove is a participatory experience (related to immersion, movement, positive affect, and social connection) resulting from subtle interaction of specific music- (such as time- and pitch-related features), performance-, and/or individual-related factors.” Importantly, this proposed definition highlights the participatory aspect of the groove experience, which participants frequently mentioned, for example describing it as an urge to be “involved in” the music physically and/or psychologically. Furthermore, we propose that being immersed in music might be a prerequisite for other experiential qualities of groove, whereas the social aspect could be a secondary quality that comes into play as a consequence of musical activity. Overall, we anticipate that these findings will encourage a greater variety of research on this significant yet still not fully elucidated aspect of the musical experience.","PeriodicalId":47977,"journal":{"name":"Psychology of Music","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41943752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A cognitive intervention to correct a maladaptive technique in organists due to prior music learning: A randomized controlled trial","authors":"Mandy M. P. Kan, Nicola Dibben, A. Y. Wong","doi":"10.1177/03057356231159194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03057356231159194","url":null,"abstract":"Organists who start as skilled pianists may later maladapt their keyboard technique to play the organ. This randomized controlled study investigated the feasibility of using an audio cognitive intervention to correct organists’ playing technique. Forty participants played a music excerpt with two dynamics (soft/loud) on two musical instruments (organ/piano) at baseline, while their corresponding forearm muscle activities were measured by surface electromyography (sEMG). They also rated their playing force. Participants were then randomized to receive either a 5-min audio cognitive intervention (learning to use self-talk phrases “organists—stops/ expression pedals—minimal force” to reduce their tension in playing the organ; n = 21) or a control audio recording (instructing them to rest for 5 min; n = 19). All participants then repeated the two dynamics on the two musical instruments. The intervention group displayed significantly lower forearm sEMG muscle activity during organ playing, whereas the controls’ playing was unchanged. Our study shows that organists use unnecessary muscle tension to produce dynamics and that our intervention was effective and could improve motor control in playing the organ. Self-talk is therefore a viable way for music educators to help learners correct habitual but maladaptive techniques arising from prior learning.","PeriodicalId":47977,"journal":{"name":"Psychology of Music","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49469918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reasons for participating in musical activities and their relationship with well-being during and before Covid-19.","authors":"Luca Kiss, Karina J Linnell","doi":"10.1177/03057356221124034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03057356221124034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>People tend to participate in musical activities-whether it is making or listening to music-for reasons that are related to basic psychological needs. This study explored whether the coronavirus pandemic (Covid-19) has changed the reasons for participating in musical activities and examined the relationship between these reasons and well-being during as well as before the pandemic. In total, 246 people (between 18 and 35 years) completed a survey during the pandemic, which contained questions relating to the reasons for participating in musical activities-namely the promotion of identity and agency, mood regulation, relaxation and company, enjoyment-and to subjective and eudaimonic well-being before and after the outbreak of the pandemic. Results showed that during the pandemic compared with before, people more often chose music to promote identity and agency, mood regulation, and relaxation and company. Two of the reasons that were invoked more often-namely identity and agency and mood regulation-positively predicted eudaimonic and subjective well-being, respectively, during the pandemic as well as before. Thus, people's reasons for participating in musical activities during the pandemic compared with before changed in a direction consistent with increasing both eudaimonic and subjective well-being.</p>","PeriodicalId":47977,"journal":{"name":"Psychology of Music","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10160828/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9796464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Margorit Rita Krespi Ulgen, M Nevra Kupana, Hanife Başak Altunbek
{"title":"COVID-19 pandemic: Does musicianship matter?","authors":"Margorit Rita Krespi Ulgen, M Nevra Kupana, Hanife Başak Altunbek","doi":"10.1177/03057356221109322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03057356221109322","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The COVID-19 pandemic negatively influenced mental health and the music industry. The present study examined the relationship of between personality traits and emotional regulation with emotional problems and compared this relationship across three groups of individuals living in Türkiye during the COVID-19 pandemic. The sample consisted of 542 participants (238 musicians, 97 artists excluding musicians, and 207 participants who engaged in no form of art). The Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21), Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale-Brief Form (DERS-16), and Basic Personality Traits Inventory were used. Findings showed that difficulties in emotion regulation were positively associated with stress, depression, and anxiety in all groups. The pattern of the relationship between personality traits and outcome measures was similar across musicians and participants who engaged in no form of art, whereas that of difficulties in emotional regulation with personality traits was almost the same across the three groups. Except for the personality traits of extraversion and openness, group comparisons showed no differences across different measures. These findings suggest that difficulties in emotional regulation need to be a target for psychological interventions to reduce emotional problems for all three groups. Being a musician did not make any difference in terms of emotional regulation or the experience of psychological problems.</p>","PeriodicalId":47977,"journal":{"name":"Psychology of Music","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10160824/pdf/10.1177_03057356221109322.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9796467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Psychology of MusicPub Date : 2023-05-01Epub Date: 2022-10-18DOI: 10.1177/03057356221126198
Erin Lewis
{"title":"Independent music-making during Covid-19 and mental health.","authors":"Erin Lewis","doi":"10.1177/03057356221126198","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03057356221126198","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In 2020, when the coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic surfaced in the United States, physical distancing and quarantine practices terminated group music rehearsals, such as choirs and bands. This study explores the experiences of individuals who created music independently during the pandemic using a phenomenological approach. Using the qualitative methodology and semi-structured interviews, 14 participants who sang or played instruments independently during Covid-19 shared their experiences on music creation's impact on their mental health. Two themes emerged from the data: music creation for comfort and mood management. It is important to understand how music creation can affect the mental health of individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":47977,"journal":{"name":"Psychology of Music","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9579818/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47464236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jiayu Fu, Lynn KL Tan, Norman P. Li, XT (XiaoTian) Wang
{"title":"Imprinting-like effects of early adolescent music","authors":"Jiayu Fu, Lynn KL Tan, Norman P. Li, XT (XiaoTian) Wang","doi":"10.1177/03057356231156201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03057356231156201","url":null,"abstract":"This research examines the hypothesis that music experienced during puberty in early adolescence imprints on individuals to promote the pursuit of friendships and mating. We conducted an online survey with samples from the United States and China (Study 1) and a within-subject experiment (Study 2). Results suggest that most songs and poems identified as “favorites” were learned during early adolescence. Furthermore, compared with recently acquired songs and poems, those from early adolescence reminded participants more about friendship and induced more emotional reactions. In the Chinese sample, the shared preference for similar songs from early adolescence increased friendliness perception. Music from early adolescence also increased positive feelings more than other art forms, such as poems, fine arts, movies, dance, and views of natural scenery, especially when experienced in the company of friends than alone. In Study 2, singing songs from early adolescence (vs. those from recent years) enhanced the trustworthiness ratings of faces of the opposite sex and promoted intentions to cooperate. However, early adolescent music did not facilitate mating-related evaluations such as the ratings of facial attractiveness and artistic intelligence. The present two studies provide evidence that early adolescent songs learned during puberty possess imprinting-like effects on friendship formation and trust-building.","PeriodicalId":47977,"journal":{"name":"Psychology of Music","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45393570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Audiences’ emotional response to choir singing by people living with mental health conditions","authors":"E. Williams, J. Jetten, G. Dingle","doi":"10.1177/03057356231153065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03057356231153065","url":null,"abstract":"Growing evidence shows that choirs improve the well-being of people experiencing chronic mental health conditions; however, the impact of performances by “recovery choirs” (i.e., singers with mental health conditions) on their community audience members has not been examined. In three studies, we explored whether performances foster positive emotions toward recovery choristers. In Study 1, we surveyed 50 audience members before and after a public concert and found that watching the recovery choir sing increased positive emotions and attitudes toward mental health recovery. In a randomized experiment, Study 2a ( n = 322) and 2b ( n = 403) found that watching a short film of both a recovery choir and an amateur community choir singing increased positive emotions toward the choristers in comparison with a control activity condition. There was mixed evidence for effects on social connectedness, acceptance, and belief in mental health recovery. The effects of watching the choirs singing on social connectedness and acceptance of the choristers were mediated by positive emotions. Our results provide new evidence of the audience’s responses to amateur choir performances, by demonstrating that witnessing both community and recovery choir performances can foster admiration, respect, and positive regard toward choristers regardless of their mental health status.","PeriodicalId":47977,"journal":{"name":"Psychology of Music","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46978315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comparing the comprehension of short stories paired with familiar and unfamiliar melodies and spoken text in autistic children","authors":"Edward T Schwartzberg, Michael J. Silverman","doi":"10.1177/03057356231153058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03057356231153058","url":null,"abstract":"Autistic children (AC) can demonstrate varying abilities of comprehending spoken and written information. Although information is often paired with music to facilitate recall and learning, there is limited research investigating if sung short stories influence the listening and reading comprehension (LRC) of AC. The purpose of this study was to compare the LRC of information paired with (1) familiar melodies, (2) unfamiliar melodies, and (3) spoken information in AC. Participants ( N = 59) received three different short stories presented live that were sung paired with a familiar melody, sung paired with an unfamiliar melody, and spoken. Both music conditions had guitar accompaniment. After presentation of each condition, participants answered five close-ended questions to measure LRC. There was no significant within-group LRC difference between the familiar melody, unfamiliar melody, or spoken conditions. Descriptive statistics indicated that both music conditions yielded slightly higher mean LRC scores than the spoken condition with slightly higher mean LRC during the familiar melody condition than the unfamiliar melody condition. Given the differences in the means, future researchers should be mindful of the possibility of a type II error. Implications for classroom and clinical work, limitations of the study, and suggestions for future research are provided.","PeriodicalId":47977,"journal":{"name":"Psychology of Music","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45291041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Determinants of motivation in world-class musicians and Olympic athletes: Exploring the front and the back side of the medallion","authors":"J. L. Hatfield","doi":"10.1177/03057356231155973","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03057356231155973","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the present case study was to obtain an in-depth understanding of the long-term motivation in four world-class musicians and two Olympic athletes. One part of the sample (Case 1) included three world famous musicians and one Olympic champion who all currently enjoy busy successful careers. These individuals are referred to as High Performing Stayers (HPS). The other part of the sample (Case 2) included one highly gifted musician and one Olympic athlete who both decided to put an end to their highly successful careers. These individuals are referred to as High Performing Quitters (HPQ). The performers’ perceptions of underlying driving forces and motivational impediments on their journey toward excellence were investigated through the lens of Self-Determination Theory. Semi-structured interviews revealed conspicuous and contrasting motivational patterns throughout the development of the six performers. All the four HPS were largely driven by autonomous forms of motivation such a self-initiative, passion, curiosity and a desire for endless discovery and aspiration. In contrast, despite reaching the highest international level, the two HPQ turned out to be driven by controlled coercive forms of motivation throughout their journey toward excellence. Educational implications are discussed in relation to the main findings.","PeriodicalId":47977,"journal":{"name":"Psychology of Music","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43021758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zachary Bergson, Chayim Newman, Ryan P George, Tim Beitz, V. Zemon
{"title":"Trait mindfulness plays a protective role in the positive relationships between stress, depressive symptoms, and suicidal behavior in an at-risk population: Music industry touring professionals","authors":"Zachary Bergson, Chayim Newman, Ryan P George, Tim Beitz, V. Zemon","doi":"10.1177/03057356231159217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03057356231159217","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to elucidate factors related to suicidality in a high-stress population—music industry touring professionals. It also examined whether trait mindfulness plays a moderating role in relations among these factors and suicidality. Touring professionals ( N = 1,154) responded to an online questionnaire that included the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale–Revised (CES-D), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Suicide Behavior Questionnaire–Revised (SBQ-R), and the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS). Mediation and moderated-mediation analyses were conducted on data from completed instruments ( n = 550) with PSS as the antecedent, CES-D as the mediator, MAAS as the moderator, and SBQ-R as the outcome. The indirect effect of stress through depressive symptoms on suicidality was significant. The moderation of this indirect effect by mindfulness also reached significance, with greater mindfulness scores associated with an attenuation of the impact of stress on suicidality through depressive symptoms. Mindfulness was a moderator of stress on depressive symptoms and suicidality. Mindfulness-based interventions for populations under high stress, such as touring professionals, may be an important topic for future research.","PeriodicalId":47977,"journal":{"name":"Psychology of Music","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41591030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}