Journal of Public Health Management and Practice最新文献

{"title":"National Public Health Accreditation: Now Is the Time.","authors":"Paul Kuehnert, Kaye Bender","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002099","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002099","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":" ","pages":"155-156"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142886313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How Business and Public Health Can Work Better Together.","authors":"Emma Dewhurst, Bethany Kuerten","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PHH.0000000000002116","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":"31 2","pages":"337-338"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143025310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Breath of Fresh Air: Pilot Testing Electronic Case Reporting for Public Health Surveillance of Occupational Lung Diseases in Wisconsin.","authors":"Paul D Creswell, Sara Mader, Komi K S Modji, Katherine E McCoy","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PHH.0000000000002147","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Public health surveillance plays a crucial role in evaluating disease risk and providing timely evidence to policymakers and the public. However, surveillance of many occupational diseases is limited by existing surveillance infrastructure, which is heavily dependent on laboratory tests.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The present pilot study compared case data for 3 occupational lung diseases (ie, silicosis, asbestosis, and farmer's lung disease) from electronic case reports (eCR) with existing hospital discharge data in the state of Wisconsin to see if eCR-which sends health records directly from clinics when specific criteria are met-provided previously undetected cases of these reportable diseases.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Case data for 3 reportable occupational lung diseases were pulled from eCR records within the Wisconsin Electronic Disease Surveillance System. In this retrospective cross-sectional study, a unique identifier was used to match eCR cases to hospital discharge data.</p><p><strong>Setting and participants: </strong>This study was conducted using administrative data at a state health department to compare data systems and assess the utility of eCR for occupational health surveillance.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>The number and percentage of matched and unmatched cases were calculated to assess the overlap of the 2 data systems. For eCR cases, the median number of years since diagnosis was also assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The percentage of eCR cases that could not be matched to hospital discharge data ranged from 55% to 81.2%, depending on the disease of interest. The median length of time since diagnoses for eCR cases was multiple years, suggesting that most had long been missing from existing surveillance.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study suggests that eCR creates new potential in occupational health surveillance. eCR was found to provide previously undetected cases of occupational lung disease at a state health department and stands to improve the timeliness of case reporting as well.</p>","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143528129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leveraging Media Monitoring to Inform Targeted Health Communications for Adolescents, Older Adults, and LGBTQ+ People.","authors":"Erika Bonnevie, Sierra Smith, Maddie Kapur, Joe Smyser, Brian C Castrucci","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PHH.0000000000002132","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This manuscript assesses how media monitoring can guide the tailoring of public health communications for adolescents, older adults, and LGBTQ+ individuals, addressing their unique mental health challenges.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>The study employed a thematic analysis of publicly available digital and social media data.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Research was conducted using media monitoring platforms, with a focus on conversations relevant to specific groups within the United States.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>The dataset included millions of public posts relevant to mental health issues among adolescents, older adults, and LGBTQ+ communities, collected over a one-year period. Main Outcome Measures: Key themes and patterns within mental health discussions were identified.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Discussions around the \"youth mental health crisis\" were prominent, with 25% of adolescent-related posts reflecting this sentiment, often highlighting the impact of social media and academic pressures. For older adults, themes of loneliness and financial struggles were recurrent, with discussions showing a lack of practical support and resources. In LGBTQ+ conversations, there was an emphasis on the challenges of discrimination and identity-related misconceptions, with 28% of the mentions relating to mental health crises involving suicide or self-harm. These discussions underscored the critical need for inclusive and affirmative support tailored to the unique challenges faced by these groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Media monitoring provides essential insights that can improve public health messaging by identifying trending mental health discussions and sentiments. By acknowledging and addressing the specific needs and challenges of specific population groups, public health communicators can develop more effective strategies that not only highlight problems but also offer clear, actionable solutions to promote better mental health outcomes and support. This approach is crucial for adapting health communications to the evolving landscape of media and public discourse, ensuring that messages are both relevant and supportive.</p>","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143524631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Content Analysis of Social Determinants of Health Accelerator Plans Using Artificial Intelligence: A Use Case for Public Health Practitioners.","authors":"Kelli DePriest, John Feher, Kailen Gore, LaShawn Glasgow, Clint Grant, Peter Holtgrave, Karen Hacker, Robert Chew","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PHH.0000000000002148","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Public health practice involves the development of reports and plans, including funding progress reports, strategic plans, and community needs assessments. These documents are valuable data sources for program monitoring and evaluation. However, practitioners rarely have the bandwidth to thoroughly and rapidly review large amounts of primarily qualitative data to support real-time and continuous program improvement. Systematically examining and categorizing qualitative data through content analysis is labor-intensive. Large language models (LLMs), a type of generative artificial intelligence (AI) focused on language-based tasks, hold promise for expediting content analysis of public health documents, which, in turn, could facilitate continuous program improvement.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To explore the feasibility and potential of using LLMs to expedite content analysis of real-world public health documents. The focus was on comparing semiautomated outputs from GPT-4o with human outputs for abstracting and synthesizing information from health improvement plans.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Our study team conducted a content analysis of 4 publicly available community health improvement plans and compared the results with GPT-4o's performance on 20 data elements. We also assessed the resources required for both methods, including time spent on prompt engineering and error correction.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>Accuracy of data abstraction and time required.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>GPT-4o demonstrated abstraction accuracy of 79% (n = 17 errors) compared to 94% accuracy by the study team for individual plans, with 8 instances of falsified data. Out of the 18 synthesis data elements, GPT-4o made 9 errors, demonstrating an accuracy of 50%. On average, GPT-4o abstraction required fewer hours than study team abstraction, but resource savings diminished when accounting for time for developing prompts and identifying/correcting errors.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Public health professionals who explore the use of generative AI tools should approach the method with cautious curiosity and consider the potential tradeoffs between resource savings and data accuracy.</p>","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143504839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Minnesota Public Health Corps: A Qualitative Assessment of AmeriCorps' Members Experiences.","authors":"Henry Stabler, Chelsey Kirkland, Jaclyn Frank, Rachel Price, Jonathon Leider","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PHH.0000000000002145","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Long-standing gaps in public health capacity exist due to extensive workforce shortages, particularly in governmental public health (GPH); these gaps were worsened during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. In response, the federal government established Public Health AmeriCorps (PHA), which supported the integration of AmeriCorps members in public health systems. Minnesota Public Health Corps (MNPHC) prioritized placing members in GPH agencies to increase GPH capacity. Initial evaluation results (2022-2023) suggest that program members were well-integrated into agencies. This article reports on the contextual information offered by MNPHC members throughout their service, including the specific programs and activities members implemented, to better explain how members were successful at extending agencies' capacity.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Activities, challenges, and successes of members during their service are described to better explain how members were successful at extending their sites' capacity.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Descriptive qualitative methods using data reported each month by 60 members.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>GPH agencies with at least one AmeriCorps member.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>MNPHC members and GPH agencies.</p><p><strong>Intervention: </strong>MNPHC members at GPH agencies across Minnesota who implemented service plans.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measure: </strong>Outcomes of interest included salient themes within MNPHC members' (1) activities, (2) encountered challenges and barriers, (3) successes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MNPHC members implemented public health activities that helped bolster the capacity at host sites. The most common activities were related to public health communications, community engagement, and data analysis. Reported successes were largely concerned with progress made on the different activities being implemented by members. Members also reported few challenges; however, most reported challenges related to common issues encountered in public health, such as difficulty working with community partners or finding available data.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>MNPHC offers a compelling model that provides support to the GPH workforce while also offering those considering a career in GPH an opportunity to experience a range of public health activities.</p>","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143504850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variability in the Implementation of Best Practices for Sexual Assault Case Handling Across US Law Enforcement and Prosecutorial Agencies.","authors":"Veronica Valencia Gonzalez","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PHH.0000000000002142","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This brief report examines variability in the implementation of best practices for handling sexual assault cases across US law enforcement and prosecutorial agencies. Despite national guidelines promoting trauma-informed interviewing, timely forensic evidence collection, and collaborative interagency work, adoption varies widely. Surveys from 362 agencies and interviews with 25 representatives indicate that larger, metropolitan agencies are more likely to establish specialized units and incorporate victim advocates early in the process. In contrast, smaller and rural agencies report significant barriers, such as limited resources, lack of specialized training, and inconsistent collaboration. This variability underscores a critical need for more standardized guidelines to ensure uniform, survivor-centered approaches across jurisdictions. Addressing these disparities could improve outcomes for sexual assault survivors by promoting equity in care provision across diverse community settings. Additionally, addressing survivors' sexual health needs, including the identification, prophylaxis, and treatment of sexually transmitted infections, is critical to comprehensive care.</p>","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143504883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disability Inclusion in Local Public Health Community Health Assessments and Community Health Improvement Plans.","authors":"Haleigh Leslie, Kate Beatty, Dawn Rowe, Thomas Quade, Kailee Havrda, Casey P Balio","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PHH.0000000000002141","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To quantify and describe disability inclusion in community health assessments (CHAs) and community health improvement plans (CHIPs) at the local health department (LHD) level.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study uses a cross-sectional design of the 2019 NACCHO Profile and Public Health Accreditation Board-accredited LHD CHAs and CHIPs to quantify and describe disability inclusion.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Less than 25% of LHDs included a CHIP goal, objective, or activity that specifically includes people with disabilities. Having a disability partner as part of CHA and CHIP steering committees was associated with greater odds of including a CHIP goal, objective, or activity that includes people with disabilities (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 3.2, P =<.01) as were CHAs and CHIPs conducted by mixed groups of community partners (but not an official coalition) (aOR = 5.04, P = .005).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Given the role of CHAs and CHIPs in informing the work of public health, being disability inclusive in such materials is likely to reflect the activities of LHDs. However, disability inclusion and representation in CHAs and CHIPs are limited. These findings may help inform CHA and CHIP development processes and tools to increase disability inclusion efforts in public health.</p>","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143504840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disseminating for Equity and Justice: Findings From the LIGHT Global Crowdsourcing Open Contest to Reimagine Public Health.","authors":"Alexis Engelhart, Ucheoma Catherine Nwaozuru, Bryce P Takenaka, Christian Herrera, Tochukwu Patrick, Ebenezer Adeoti, Onyekachukwu Anikamadu, Chidi Okafor, Chisom Obiezu-Umeh, Ekenechukwu Kokelu, Carmen Dillman, Morenike Olusanya, Bianca Kipp, Patrick Murphy, Sheryl Monks, Madison Petaway, Kokeb Ansarizadeh, Stacey Mason, Mary Claire Pavlick, Nnenna Kalu Makanjuola, Temitope Ojo, Idia Thurston, Juliet Iwelunmor","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002146","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002146","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To describe how crowdsourcing contests soliciting art, letters, stories, and poetry were focused on promoting well-being and health information dissemination from the public to the public.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>LIGHT (Leaders Igniting Generational Healing and Transformation) launched three online crowdsourcing open calls that were designed using the World Health Organization Tropical Diseases Research (WHO/TDR) practical guide on crowdsourcing in health and health research, which includes the following steps: convening a steering committee, promoting the open call, receiving and judging entries, recognizing finalists, and sharing solutions.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>The crowdsourcing open calls were held online via the Submittable platform.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>A total of 508 submissions by the public were evaluated with the majority of authors and artists identified as female (25.4%) followed by male (15.4%) and ages ranging from 11 to 82 years old.</p><p><strong>Intervention: </strong>This study utilized crowdsourcing open call contests to engage the public in generating art, letters, stories, and poetry as strategies to effectively promote well-being and disseminate health information to the public.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measured: </strong>Effectiveness and creativity of the crowdsourced submissions in proposing new strategies for promoting well-being and disseminating health information through art, letters, stories, and poetry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The three crowdsourcing open calls received 508 eligible entries (Open call 1 = 155; Open call 2 = 191; Open call 3 = 162). Informed by the combined and modified design justice principles creativity, connections, and community, six unique dissemination strategies emerged for dissemination: (a) positive intersectionality, (b) destigmatization, (c) strength-based, (d) collective approach, (e) cultural identity, and (f) unity in healing. Collectively, there was consensus to innovate dissemination strategies to enhance the appeal of research findings and health communication.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Rebuilding and building public-driven dissemination strategies will involve reimagining and innovating current dissemination approaches. LIGHT shows the feasibility of engaging a diverse broad audience to generate ideas and perspectives on promoting health information dissemination to the public.</p>","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143504841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Indirect Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Well-Child Visits in Low-Income Children in Oklahoma.","authors":"Jessica Beetch, Amanda Janitz, Laura A Beebe, Chao Xu, Mary Gowin, Katrin Gaardbo Kuhn","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002144","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002144","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>During the COVID-19 pandemic, well-child visits were widely delayed or missed. Delays in routine care are more likely for low-income individuals and families who already face barriers to attending visits. Studies in the literature indicate declines in well-child visits during the pandemic but few have focused on low-income children and none have examined children in Oklahoma.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate changes in well-child visit attendance during the COVID-19 pandemic in low-income children residing in Oklahoma.</p><p><strong>Design and setting: </strong>This retrospective cohort study used data from the Oklahoma Health Care Authority before COVID-19 emergence (March 1, 2017-July 31, 2019) and during the COVID-19 pandemic (March 1, 2020-July 31, 2022).</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>We studied children under 1 year of age attending well-child visits.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>We calculated percentage change in the total number of well-child visits before and during the pandemic, including different phases and months during the pandemic. Log-binomial regression was performed with unique children who attended 6 or more well-child visits or less than 6 well-child visits before COVID-19 emergence or during the pandemic.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We analyzed 194 126 children under 1 year of age attending 778 483 well-child visits. There was a 10.43% decrease in the total number of well-child visits during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to before it began, with a 5.18% decrease during the initial impact phase, 5.99% decrease during the initial recovery phase, 1.14% decrease during Delta variant predominance, and 13.79% decrease during Omicron variant predominance. Besides American Indian children, all other races were less likely to attend 6 or more well-child visits during the pandemic compared to before it began.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We observed declines in well-child visits during the COVID-19 pandemic with evident racial disparities. Catch-up efforts are essential to return to pre-pandemic levels of well-child visit attendance.</p>","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143504844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}