Journal of Public Health Management and Practice最新文献

{"title":"Prescriptions (Rx) for Prevention: Clinical Tools for Integrating Environmental Health into Pediatric Clinical Care.","authors":"Christopher Bland, Lauren Zajac, Joseph Wilson, Luz Guel, Sofía Curdumí Pendley, Annemarie Charlesworth, Katrina Korfmacher, Nicholas Newman, Marilyn Howarth, Sophie J Balk, Maida Galvez, Perry Sheffield","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PHH.0000000000002044","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The integration of environmental health (EH) into routine clinical care for children is in its early stages. The vision of pediatric EH is that all clinicians caring for children are aware of and able to help connect families to needed resources to reduce harmful environmental exposures and increase health-enhancing ones. Environmental exposures include air pollution, substandard housing, lead, mercury, pesticides, consumer products chemicals, drinking water contaminants, industrial facility emissions and, increasingly, climate change-related extreme weather and heat events. An identified need is to simultaneously educate clinicians while connecting families to evidence-based EH interventions. Here, we describe a multi-decadal effort to create, refine, and disseminate a clinical tool called Prescriptions (Rxs) for Prevention that responds to that identified need. These tools are modeled on a risk communication framework and use a format that support clinicians when they screen their patients for EH concerns, to then counsel on those topics, and refer to EH resources if needed. Rxs for Prevention-tailored with local resources-are now in use at more than a dozen sites in multiple regions of the U.S. supporting the promotion of healthy homes, communities, and the broader environment for children. These Rxs are reducing barriers to EH integration by educating clinicians, linking families to community resources, and strengthening clinic and community connections. On-going evaluation can help further the implementation of the Rxs for Prevention to help achieve the long-term vision of integrating EH into routine clinical care.</p>","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":"31 2","pages":"244-251"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143025318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The NACCHO Profile Study Dashboard: Empowering Local Public Health With Data-Driven Insights.","authors":"Kellie Perkins, Gwen Davis","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PHH.0000000000002117","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":"31 2","pages":"334-336"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143025320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Public Health Agency Approaches to Improving Access to Care.","authors":"Caroline Brazeel, Rachel Scheckman, Anna Bartels, Alexandra Kearly","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PHH.0000000000002101","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":"31 2","pages":"328-333"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143025319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Public Health Infrastructure Grant: A Better Approach to Empowering More State and Local Decision Making and Strengthening the Public Health Workforce and Infrastructure.","authors":"Marion W Carter, Patricia M Simone, Debra E Houry, Steven L Reynolds, Sara S Patterson, Jonathan E Carlson, Leslie A Dauphin","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002055","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002055","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, Congress passed the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (ARPA) that included a historic investment in the public health workforce.</p><p><strong>Program: </strong>Charged with implementing this investment, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) launched the Public Health Infrastructure Grant (PHIG). PHIG builds on CDC's experience working with state, local, and territorial public health departments and represents a new approach to strengthening the public health workforce.</p><p><strong>Implementation: </strong>Specifically, PHIG incorporates features that allow these public health departments to prioritize and tailor the funding to meet their communities' needs: 1) focus on workforce as core infrastructure, 2) streamlined programmatic and administrative requirements, 3) more equitable funding approach, and 4) enhanced support from national partners and CDC.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The goal is to optimize the unprecedented opportunity afforded by ARPA and lead to a stronger public health workforce and infrastructure across the United States.</p>","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":" ","pages":"E88-E97"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11757086/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142141440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perceptions of Criticality and Frequency of Tasks by the Public Health Workforce, 2022.","authors":"Richard S Kurz, Allison Foster, L Michael Bowen, Kaye Bender","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002068","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002068","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Since the occurrence of the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been significant interest in the public health workforce and its development. Substantial emphasis has been placed on the competencies needed for the development of the workforce. As important as this work on competencies is to a competent public health workforce, the certification of public health professionals and the maintenance of their skills and knowledge is of equal importance. The National Board of Public Health Examiners (NBPHE), along with other organizations, plays a key role in this process. Based on the National Board of Public Health Examiner's 2022 JTA, this study investigates the specific tasks that are performed by the public health workforce in each of 10 domains, their criticality and frequency, and the relationship of their criticality to their frequency.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using data from the National Board of Public Health Examiners (NBPHE) job task analysis (JTA), the criticality and frequency of tasks and their relationship were investigated through tabular analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ten tasks were identified as the most critical, focused on the domains of communication, leadership, resource and program management, and law and ethics. The 10 most frequent tasks were the same as the most critical tasks in 8 instances. When the criticality of all tasks was related to their frequency, 12 tasks were found to have high criticality and high frequency, 17 tasks had low criticality and low frequency, and 74 tasks had high criticality and low frequency. In our data, no low criticality tasks were performed frequently.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Results are discussed for their relevance to education in public health and practitioner development. A key takeaway is that workforce tasks and competencies appear to provide two different and important ways to analyze workforce activity in future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":" ","pages":"E126-E133"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142689187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Partnering for Vaccine Equity: A Public Health-Community Action Model to Advance Delivery of Essential Health Services.","authors":"Geetika Nadkarni, Shalini Nair, Lillie Seels","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002060","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002060","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As part of CDC's Partnering for Vaccine Equity Program, the Association of State and Territorial Health Officials worked with the National Community Action Partnership and five community action agencies (CAAs) to address disparities in adult immunization among racial and ethnic minority populations. CAAs leveraged partnerships with public health, healthcare, and other local entities to increase uptake of COVID-19 and other vaccines, while simultaneously addressing related social determinants of health. With over 1000 agencies across the United States, including state associations, CAAs are accessible partners to nearly all state and local health departments. Collaboration between public health and community action is a promising model that can be used to cultivate trust, build and support resiliency, and address systemic disparities to advance health equity within communities.</p>","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":" ","pages":"313-316"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142337049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Communication Disparities and Trusted Sources of COVID-19 Information in Massachusetts School Districts.","authors":"Anna L Thompson, Bradley S Davis, Augusta Rohrbach, Jonathan M Davis, Paola Sebastiani, Alice M Tang","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002052","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic led to the closure of prekindergarten to grade 12 schools and an inequitable return to full-time in-person learning.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore how ethnic and racial differences across school districts in Massachusetts correlate with parents' attitudes, beliefs, and trusted sources of information about COVID-19 and mitigation strategies.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>An electronic survey was distributed by school administrators to parents and guardians in November and December 2021 using existing school district contact lists and established methods of communication (email in 2 school districts; email and text message in 1 district).</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Three school districts in Massachusetts (Chelsea, Medford, and Somerville).</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Parents of prekindergarten to grade 12 school students attending public schools.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>Parental attitudes and beliefs regarding mitigation strategies for COVID-19 (surveillance testing, masking, and vaccination); trusted information sources about COVID-19; preferred methods of communication from schools.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1496 survey responses were analyzed. Chelsea respondents were predominantly Hispanic/LatinX (88%); Medford and Somerville were predominantly White/non-Hispanic (80% and 68%, respectively). Testing, masks, and vaccination were supported by >80% of parents/guardians across districts. However, there were statistically significant differences between school districts regarding participation in testing programs, implications of a child testing positive, vaccination of young children, communication preferences, and trusted sources of information.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although primarily focused on COVID-19, these results highlight opportunities for public health personnel and school administrators to work directly with parents and guardians in their school districts to improve communication strategies and be a trusted source of information for a variety of public health issues.</p>","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":" ","pages":"291-304"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142156371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Updated National and State-Specific Prevalence of Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection, United States, 2018-2022.","authors":"Chelsea S Lutz, Mark R Schleiss, Karen B Fowler, Tatiana M Lanzieri","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002043","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002043","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) infection is the most common infectious cause of birth defects and the leading non-genetic cause of sensorineural hearing loss in the United States. Prior national cCMV infection prevalence estimates were based on one multi-site screening study conducted between 2007 and 2012 and were not adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics, such as maternal race and ethnicity or age.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study sought to estimate national and state-specific prevalence of cCMV infection in the United States, adjusted for maternal race and ethnicity and maternal age group, by pooling estimates from published studies.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>We searched PubMed for U.S. cCMV newborn screening studies conducted between 2003 and 2023. From included studies, we abstracted maternal race and ethnicity- and age group-stratified cCMV prevalence to estimate strata-specific pooled prevalence. We obtained strata-specific weights from live birth data.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measure: </strong>Estimated adjusted national and state-specific prevalence estimates from 2018 to 2022.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four studies (conducted 2004-2005, 2008, 2007-2012, and 2016-2021) were included for data abstraction. Overall, infants born to non-Hispanic Black (9.3 [8.2-10.5] per 1000) or non-Hispanic American Indian and Alaska Native (8.5 [2.1-33.2] per 1000) mothers had the highest cCMV prevalence. The estimated race and ethnicity-adjusted prevalence was 4.6-4.7 per 1000 live births nationally and ranged from 3.9 to 6.5 per 1000 across states from 2018 to 2022. Southern states and Alaska consistently had the highest cCMV prevalence. The estimated maternal age group-adjusted prevalence was 4.3-4.4 per 1000 live births nationally and ranged from 3.8 to 5.1 per 1000 across states from 2018 to 2022.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>States with larger proportions of racial and ethnic minorities had higher estimated prevalence of cCMV infection compared to states with larger proportions of White persons. These estimates may be useful for informing cCMV surveillance at the jurisdiction level and developing tailored, culturally relevant education and prevention strategies for persons at higher risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":" ","pages":"234-243"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142134217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experiences and Lessons Learned From Surging the Governmental Public Health Workforce During the COVID-19 Pandemic.","authors":"Katie Morrison Lee, Alyssa Bosold, Cindy Alvarez, Oluwatosin O Dada, Deborah S Porterfield","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002051","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>During the COVID-19 pandemic, the United States relied on the public health workforce to control the spread of COVID-19 while continuing to provide foundational public health services. Facing longstanding staffing shortages, state, tribal, local, and territorial (STLT) public health agencies (PHAs) used various strategies and supports to surge the workforce in response to the pandemic.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The study explored (1) the types of strategies and supports STLT PHAs used to surge the public health workforce during the pandemic, (2) assessments of surge strategies and supports, and (3) approaches to using the range of surge strategies available.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>We conducted 27 semi-structured interviews in 2023 and performed thematic analysis.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Interviewees included STLT public health officials, leaders of organizations that directly supported the COVID-19 workforce surge, and public health workforce experts indirectly involved in the workforce surge.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>To surge the workforce, interviewees relied on partnerships, staffing agencies, the National Guard, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Foundation's COVID-19 Corps, the Medical Reserve Corps, and other strategies. Interviewees valued strategies that rapidly engaged staff and volunteers at no cost to their PHA and flexible funding from the federal government to support surge efforts but noted shortcomings in the strategies and supports available. Interviewees described using multiple strategies simultaneously but noted challenges in implementing these strategies due to inadequate planning and insufficient staff and resources.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study underscores the need for STLT PHAs to establish mechanisms to surge the workforce as part of ongoing planning for emergency preparedness. Focus areas include building administrative and hiring capacity within STLT PHAs and sustaining partnerships and contractual agreements that helped fill staffing gaps during the pandemic. To support efforts to build workforce capacity to meet future surge management needs, STLT PHAs should consider creative solutions to attract and retain staff, as well as opportunities to engage students in public health work.</p>","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":" ","pages":"283-290"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142156372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Local Supports to Break the Cycle: A Description of Intersectional Interventions to Address Adverse Childhood Experiences and Drug Overdose.","authors":"Amie C Myrick, Camille A Adams, Laura J Cremer, Nicole Filion, Stephanie Haddad, Caroline Snyder, April Wisdom","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002042","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), substance use disorders (SUDs), and overdose are interconnected issues impacting individuals and communities at multiple levels of the social ecology and across generations. Few studies describe approaches that intentionally and simultaneously address these issues.</p><p><strong>Program: </strong>This paper examines activities of 15 sites across the country that were designed to simultaneously prevent ACEs, SUD, and overdose. This paper describes the work at the intersection as well as gaps and opportunities. Describing ways to implement intersectional programming may assist other organizations in taking similar steps in their communities.</p><p><strong>Implementation: </strong>From December 2020 through July 15, 2023, funded sites received technical assistance from the National Association of County and City Health Officials and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for 18 months to support the implementation, adaptation, and/or expansion of evidence-based programs to address ACEs, SUD, and overdose.</p><p><strong>Evaluation: </strong>Activities were coded to identify intersectional interventions that addressed ACEs, SUD, and overdose. Most of the ACEs prevention strategies and overdose prevention priority areas/guiding principles from which communities could choose were represented. Most activities were implemented with caregivers and families and addressed ACEs through interventions to lessen harm or to promote social norms. Primary prevention and coordination of resources were the most used overdose prevention priority area/guiding principle.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>It is possible to address the intersection of ACEs, SUD, and overdose on a local level. Opportunities to further address the intersection include incorporating more secondary and tertiary prevention strategies, expanding economic supports, and increasing the work focused on equity.</p>","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":" ","pages":"227-233"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142548303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}