Journal of Public Health Management and Practice最新文献

{"title":"Variability in the Implementation of Best Practices for Sexual Assault Case Handling Across US Law Enforcement and Prosecutorial Agencies.","authors":"Veronica Valencia Gonzalez","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PHH.0000000000002142","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This brief report examines variability in the implementation of best practices for handling sexual assault cases across US law enforcement and prosecutorial agencies. Despite national guidelines promoting trauma-informed interviewing, timely forensic evidence collection, and collaborative interagency work, adoption varies widely. Surveys from 362 agencies and interviews with 25 representatives indicate that larger, metropolitan agencies are more likely to establish specialized units and incorporate victim advocates early in the process. In contrast, smaller and rural agencies report significant barriers, such as limited resources, lack of specialized training, and inconsistent collaboration. This variability underscores a critical need for more standardized guidelines to ensure uniform, survivor-centered approaches across jurisdictions. Addressing these disparities could improve outcomes for sexual assault survivors by promoting equity in care provision across diverse community settings. Additionally, addressing survivors' sexual health needs, including the identification, prophylaxis, and treatment of sexually transmitted infections, is critical to comprehensive care.</p>","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143504883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disseminating for Equity and Justice: Findings From the LIGHT Global Crowdsourcing Open Contest to Reimagine Public Health.","authors":"Alexis Engelhart, Ucheoma Catherine Nwaozuru, Bryce P Takenaka, Christian Herrera, Tochukwu Patrick, Ebenezer Adeoti, Onyekachukwu Anikamadu, Chidi Okafor, Chisom Obiezu-Umeh, Ekenechukwu Kokelu, Carmen Dillman, Morenike Olusanya, Bianca Kipp, Patrick Murphy, Sheryl Monks, Madison Petaway, Kokeb Ansarizadeh, Stacey Mason, Mary Claire Pavlick, Nnenna Kalu Makanjuola, Temitope Ojo, Idia Thurston, Juliet Iwelunmor","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002146","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002146","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To describe how crowdsourcing contests soliciting art, letters, stories, and poetry were focused on promoting well-being and health information dissemination from the public to the public.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>LIGHT (Leaders Igniting Generational Healing and Transformation) launched three online crowdsourcing open calls that were designed using the World Health Organization Tropical Diseases Research (WHO/TDR) practical guide on crowdsourcing in health and health research, which includes the following steps: convening a steering committee, promoting the open call, receiving and judging entries, recognizing finalists, and sharing solutions.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>The crowdsourcing open calls were held online via the Submittable platform.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>A total of 508 submissions by the public were evaluated with the majority of authors and artists identified as female (25.4%) followed by male (15.4%) and ages ranging from 11 to 82 years old.</p><p><strong>Intervention: </strong>This study utilized crowdsourcing open call contests to engage the public in generating art, letters, stories, and poetry as strategies to effectively promote well-being and disseminate health information to the public.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measured: </strong>Effectiveness and creativity of the crowdsourced submissions in proposing new strategies for promoting well-being and disseminating health information through art, letters, stories, and poetry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The three crowdsourcing open calls received 508 eligible entries (Open call 1 = 155; Open call 2 = 191; Open call 3 = 162). Informed by the combined and modified design justice principles creativity, connections, and community, six unique dissemination strategies emerged for dissemination: (a) positive intersectionality, (b) destigmatization, (c) strength-based, (d) collective approach, (e) cultural identity, and (f) unity in healing. Collectively, there was consensus to innovate dissemination strategies to enhance the appeal of research findings and health communication.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Rebuilding and building public-driven dissemination strategies will involve reimagining and innovating current dissemination approaches. LIGHT shows the feasibility of engaging a diverse broad audience to generate ideas and perspectives on promoting health information dissemination to the public.</p>","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143504841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disability Inclusion in Local Public Health Community Health Assessments and Community Health Improvement Plans.","authors":"Haleigh Leslie, Kate Beatty, Dawn Rowe, Thomas Quade, Kailee Havrda, Casey P Balio","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PHH.0000000000002141","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To quantify and describe disability inclusion in community health assessments (CHAs) and community health improvement plans (CHIPs) at the local health department (LHD) level.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study uses a cross-sectional design of the 2019 NACCHO Profile and Public Health Accreditation Board-accredited LHD CHAs and CHIPs to quantify and describe disability inclusion.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Less than 25% of LHDs included a CHIP goal, objective, or activity that specifically includes people with disabilities. Having a disability partner as part of CHA and CHIP steering committees was associated with greater odds of including a CHIP goal, objective, or activity that includes people with disabilities (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 3.2, P =<.01) as were CHAs and CHIPs conducted by mixed groups of community partners (but not an official coalition) (aOR = 5.04, P = .005).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Given the role of CHAs and CHIPs in informing the work of public health, being disability inclusive in such materials is likely to reflect the activities of LHDs. However, disability inclusion and representation in CHAs and CHIPs are limited. These findings may help inform CHA and CHIP development processes and tools to increase disability inclusion efforts in public health.</p>","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143504840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Indirect Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Well-Child Visits in Low-Income Children in Oklahoma.","authors":"Jessica Beetch, Amanda Janitz, Laura A Beebe, Chao Xu, Mary Gowin, Katrin Gaardbo Kuhn","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002144","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002144","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>During the COVID-19 pandemic, well-child visits were widely delayed or missed. Delays in routine care are more likely for low-income individuals and families who already face barriers to attending visits. Studies in the literature indicate declines in well-child visits during the pandemic but few have focused on low-income children and none have examined children in Oklahoma.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate changes in well-child visit attendance during the COVID-19 pandemic in low-income children residing in Oklahoma.</p><p><strong>Design and setting: </strong>This retrospective cohort study used data from the Oklahoma Health Care Authority before COVID-19 emergence (March 1, 2017-July 31, 2019) and during the COVID-19 pandemic (March 1, 2020-July 31, 2022).</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>We studied children under 1 year of age attending well-child visits.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>We calculated percentage change in the total number of well-child visits before and during the pandemic, including different phases and months during the pandemic. Log-binomial regression was performed with unique children who attended 6 or more well-child visits or less than 6 well-child visits before COVID-19 emergence or during the pandemic.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We analyzed 194 126 children under 1 year of age attending 778 483 well-child visits. There was a 10.43% decrease in the total number of well-child visits during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to before it began, with a 5.18% decrease during the initial impact phase, 5.99% decrease during the initial recovery phase, 1.14% decrease during Delta variant predominance, and 13.79% decrease during Omicron variant predominance. Besides American Indian children, all other races were less likely to attend 6 or more well-child visits during the pandemic compared to before it began.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We observed declines in well-child visits during the COVID-19 pandemic with evident racial disparities. Catch-up efforts are essential to return to pre-pandemic levels of well-child visit attendance.</p>","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143504844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Silent Public Health Crisis of Cancer Pain Management.","authors":"Sai S Kurapati, Antonio Yaghy","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PHH.0000000000002112","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143504877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Call for Critical System Thinking in Addressing the 2024 Mpox Public Health Emergency.","authors":"Sanchita Chakraborty, Abhijit Poddar","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PHH.0000000000002133","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143504837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge, Awareness, Practices, and Perceptions of Risk and Responsibility Related to Extreme Heat:: An Exploratory Survey of Older Adults in Canada.","authors":"Emily J Tetzlaff, Robert D Meade, Fergus K O'Connor, Glen P Kenny","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PHH.0000000000002120","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Knowledge and risk perception are driving factors for initiating appropriate health-protective actions during extreme heat events (EHEs). We sought to examine the (1) current knowledge of heat as a health threat, (2) perception of personal vulnerability to heat, (3) role of heat warnings and heat alert and response systems in initiating heat mitigating practices, and (4) opinions of community preparedness among heat-vulnerable older adults, as well as explore factors that may influence these concepts.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Cross-sectional survey.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Canada.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Individuals aged 50 years or older.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>The number of respondents and percentage of the total sample were calculated based on individual response rates to each question. To explore factors that may have influenced the respondents' understanding of heat health knowledge, awareness, and risk perception, a bootstrapped least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression was conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>1027 respondents (69% female, median age: 68 years) from 10 provinces/territories. Most felt knowledgeable about heat stress (74%), but many indicated that greater effort is needed to increase public awareness of EHE (64%). Self-reported responsiveness to heat alerts was also high (88%) despite many respondents reporting a low level of self-perceived risk (66%) and characteristics of heat susceptibility (eg, age, comorbidities).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In our sample of older Canadians, various factors influenced knowledge, perceived heat vulnerability, responsiveness to heat alerts, and perception of community preparedness. These findings can help inform public heat preparedness initiatives to ensure they align with the needs of older Canadians.</p>","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143504847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shifting Connections: Assessing Changes in a Rural Social Network Addressing Adverse Childhood Experiences Over Time.","authors":"Jennifer A Lawlor, Jini Puma, Jamie N Powers, Marlayna Martinez, Danielle Varda, Jenn A Leiferman","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PHH.0000000000002143","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>The present study was designed in the context of a movement towards using community-scale network-based approaches to address adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). Though these types of networks have become more common, assessments over time following typical network-building activities have been limited.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study focused on the question: To what extent does a rural ACEs network improve exchanges among network members following an intervention focused on improving interactions and networking among members?</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>We employed a pre-post design, assessing partnerships among organizations addressing ACEs within a single rural community with a baseline assessment and a follow-up assessment three years later.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>The study was conducted in the rural San Luis Valley in Colorado. It was part of a larger federally-funded, community-engaged study, entitled Supporting Trauma Awareness and Nurturing Children's Environments (STANCE).</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Participants for this study were representatives of organizations in the network (n = 59 in T1 and n = 58 in T2, n = 56 overlapping organizations across time points). Each participant was asked to report about their organization's partnerships in the network at two time points.</p><p><strong>Intervention: </strong>Between the baseline and follow-up assessments, an intervention to further develop the network was implemented. It included hosting a networking event among organizations working on ACEs and the development of a subcommittee of the local interagency oversight group that focused on promoting information-sharing about early childhood and ACEs among local organizations.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>Outcome measures included: clustering, path length, centrality and centralization, and density over time.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified changes across key network metrics, indicating that the network had increased centrality and centralization over time, decreased average path length, and increased clustering and density across three sub-networks.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Changes identified in this network provide evidence that ACEs networks can change in response to focused network development activities.</p>","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143504874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Career Trends of University of Minnesota School of Public Health Alumni: Baseline Survey Results for a Longitudinal Study.","authors":"Nicole M Weiss, Jonathon P Leider, Darren Kaltved, Kablia Thao, Melinda Pettigrew","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PHH.0000000000002138","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This work describes baseline results of the University of Minnesota (UMN) School of Public Health (SPH) Career Trends Survey (CTS), allowing for comparison to future CTS data.</p><p><strong>Design and setting: </strong>The UMN SPH CTS was fielded using multiple methods, including paper and online, from January to March 2021.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>All US-based (at time of survey) UMN SPH alumni for whom the school maintained contact information were eligible to complete the survey. In total, 8817 alumni received the survey and 1966 responded (22% response rate).</p><p><strong>Main outcome measure: </strong>We examined the proportion of graduates' first jobs by job sector over time, the proportion of graduates who switched job sectors over time, and how closely graduates' first jobs related to public health over time.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Graduates overwhelmingly reported that their first jobs were either \"somewhat related\" or \"strongly related\" to public health, but a smaller proportion of graduates in the 2010s reported their first jobs being \"strongly related\" to public health compared to graduates from the first decades for which we have data.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Data suggest a noteworthy trend: proportionally fewer of our recent public health graduates are going into governmental public health. Though a more nationally representative dataset is still needed, our results are a crucial step forward in determining how to mitigate the staffing up difficulties faced by many public health agencies.</p>","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143504838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors of Adherence to a COVID-19 Serial Testing Program Among University Affiliates in the Deep South.","authors":"Aneeka Ratnayake, Susan Hassig, Hua He, Alyssa Lederer, Patricia J Kissinger","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PHH.0000000000002124","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Serial testing programs were used at many US universities during the earlier stages of the COVID-19 pandemic to minimize the risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission among affiliates, though the effectiveness of such programs was contingent on adherence. In this study, researchers sought to determine factors associated with testing adherence.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Cross-sectional analyses were done in Spring and Fall of 2021.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>This study took place at a medium size, private university in the Deep South.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Participants included university affiliates, including faculty/staff and students.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>Adherence to a mandated but unenforced serial testing program was assessed. All variables were ascertained through university records. Logistic regression models were used to determine factors associated with testing during both semesters.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the Spring 2021 semester, staff and faculty had 23% greater odds of being tested compared to students. Paradoxically, the odds of adherence to testing decreased by 4% per year of age. In the Fall 2021 semester, the odds of being tested was 82% greater for staff and faculty compared to students and 27% higher for those who had a previous positive test compared to those who did not. Men had a 13% lower odds of testing than women. In both semesters, those who were unvaccinated had a significantly lower odds of testing compared to those who were vaccinated (86% and 92%, respectively), P < .001.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Testing adherence was associated with vaccination status, suggesting that offering serial testing for those who are not vaccinated may not be an effective strategy in mitigating infection, in the absence of any enforcement. Additional factors such as age, sex, and affiliation status and testing adherence changed over the course of the pandemic suggesting the complexity of testing behaviors.</p>","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}