Journal of Public Health Management and Practice最新文献

{"title":"Comparative Analysis of Community Health Assessments and Community Health Improvement Plans by PHAB Accreditation Status Among Local Health Departments in Kentucky, 2015-2022.","authors":"Bradley A Firchow, Katie Boroughs, Joseph A Howard","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PHH.0000000000002127","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study investigates the variation in quality of community health assessments (CHAs) and community health improvement plans (CHIPs) between Public Health Accreditation Board (PHAB)-accredited and unaccredited local health departments (LHDs) in Kentucky. Building upon prior research examining the quality of CHA/CHIPs among PHAB-accredited LHDs in Kentucky, this study sought to compare CHA/CHIP quality between PHAB-accredited and unaccredited LHDs in Kentucky.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Quality assessment of publicly available CHA/CHIP documents used criteria adapted from the study by Pennel et al. (Nonprofit hospitals approach to community health needs assessment. Am J Public Health. 2015;105(3):e103-e113. doi:10.2105/ajph.2014.302286). LHDs were ranked across 17 criteria on a 6-point scale to generate composite scores for report quality. A Welch's corrected unpaired t test was performed to assess the difference in report quality between accredited and unaccredited departments.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>PHAB-accredited and unaccredited LHDs in Kentucky. The study included publicly available CHA/CHIP reports generated by LHDs in Kentucky between 2015 and 2022.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Seventeen CHAs and CHIP documents from PHAB-accredited LHD. The study analyzed 17 publicly available CHA/CHIP reports from PHAB-accredited LHDs and 15 publicly available CHA/CHIP reports from unaccredited LHDs.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>Quality scores were based on 17 evaluation criteria, including stakeholder involvement, data examination, plan feasibility, and LHD-hospital collaboration.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study found significant variation in the quality of CHAs and CHIP documents across all LHDs. The highest criterion scores were for partner involvement, data examination, and plan feasibility. The lowest scores were for LHD-hospital collaboration, use of evidence-based strategies, and plan evaluation. No community variables significantly predicted overall report scores. The study found that accredited LHDs scored significantly higher than unaccredited LHDs on overall report quality.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The quality of CHAs and CHIP documents varies among Kentucky LHDs, highlighting the need for more robust guidance and standardized criteria, particularly for LHDs not yet pursuing accreditation. Strengthening hospital-LHD collaboration and focusing on evidence-based strategies can improve public health outcomes. High-quality CHA/CHIP reporting is essential for effective public health interventions and improved health outcomes. Enhancing CHA/CHIP processes through legislative changes, departmental guidance, and the pursuit of public health accreditation are promising avenues for improvement.</p>","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143415649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Addressing the Lack of Nutritional Interventions Tailored to the Experiences of the Homeless: A Perspective.","authors":"Aditi Tuli, Carolina Escamilla, Ben King","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PHH.0000000000002135","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143415707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systemic Moral Courage.","authors":"James C Thomas","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PHH.0000000000002126","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143415833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leveraging Communities of Practice to Support Translation of Knowledge Into Action Among State, Tribal, Local, and Territorial Public Health Agencies: Lessons Learned From the COVID-19 Pandemic.","authors":"Alyssa Bosold, Rachel Machta, Jackie Brenner, Deborah S Porterfield","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PHH.0000000000002114","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>During the COVID-19 pandemic, communities of practice (CoPs) supported state, Tribal, local, and territorial (STLT) public health agencies. No studies have examined the collective role of these CoPs in helping STLT public health agencies translate guidance into practice.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This qualitative study examines the types of CoPs that supported STLT public health agencies during the COVID-19 response, how CoPs assisted in translating guidance into practice, and the characteristics of CoPs that made them valuable to STLT public health members. We report lessons for future public health emergencies (PHEs) for STLT public health agencies and membership organizations that represent them.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>We conducted 21 in-depth interviews with CoP leaders, STLT public health participants, and federal agency sponsors and collaborators.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>We interviewed 9 CoP leads, 6 STLT participants, and 6 federal agency representatives.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three types of CoPs, each with unique advantages, supported STLT public health agencies during the COVID-19 pandemic: (1) CoPs led by federal agencies, (2) CoPs led by membership organizations or associations that represent STLT public health agencies, and (3) CoPs led by other nonfederal organizations, such as philanthropic organizations and academic institutions. The most valuable CoPs to STLT public health agencies had a clear focus on issues of significance to their members, strong connections between members, and a structure tailored to the group's goals. STLT public health agencies valued CoP support with implementing guidance-based policies and practices and facilitating bidirectional communication with federal agencies. STLT public health agencies also benefitted from tailored and implementation-focused resources developed through CoPs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study affirms the importance of CoPs in facilitating collaboration and information-sharing among multiple actors during PHEs. During the COVID-19 pandemic, CoPs helped STLT public health agencies implement guidance, tailor approaches to specific contexts, and generate practice-based discoveries to advance the field.</p>","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143256974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Senility-Related Mortality in the United States During the COVID-19 Pandemic.","authors":"Sabrina Soin, Rama Mouhaffel, Hoang Nhat Pham, Enkhtsogt Sainbayar, Mahmoud Abdelnabi, Ramzi Ibrahim","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PHH.0000000000002122","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Senility has been shown to negatively impact health outcomes. While national stressors have altered death trajectories for numerous diseases, little is known about the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on senility-related outcomes.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on senility-related mortality in the United States.</p><p><strong>Design, setting, and participants: </strong>This is a retrospective analysis of US decedents with documented senility-related death using the CDC WONDER database. We estimated annual trends in senility-related age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMR) from 1999 to 2020 using log-linear regression models. Calculation of excess deaths attributable to the COVID-19 pandemic was completed by comparison of actual 2020 mortality rates and estimated 2020 mortality using average annual percentage changes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 510 819 senility-related deaths were identified. AAMR declined by 9.76%, from 7.48 in 1999 to 6.75 deaths per 100 000 in 2020. Year 2020 showed a marked increase in mortality, with 1.13 excess deaths per 100 000 population attributable to the COVID-19 pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic contributed to an additional burden of mortality across both sexes, resulting in an estimated 1.18 and 0.99 per 100 000 excess deaths among females and males, respectively. The excess death rates per 100 000 for Black, White, Asian/Pacific Islander, and American Indian/Alaska Native populations were 1.84, 1.05, 0.99, and 1.16, respectively. The impact on US census regions was reflected in excess death rates, with the Northeastern, Midwestern, Southern, and Western regions seeing 1.27, 1.27, 1.39, and 0.31 excess deaths per 100 000, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest that the pandemic had an association with excess senility-related mortality. Further investigation is warranted to identify factors that impact senility-related outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143014031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incorporating Parcel-Based Housing Conditions to Increase the Precision of Identifying Children With Elevated Blood Lead.","authors":"Erika Rasnick Manning, Qing Duan, Cole Brokamp","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PHH.0000000000002109","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Area-level predictive models are commonly used to screen children for blood lead levels (BLLs) greater than the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) blood lead reference value (BLRV) of 3.5 µg/dL.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To increase screening accuracy and precision by creating a parcel-level model incorporating housing characteristics to predict parcels where children are at high risk.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Residential addresses associated with child blood lead tests were linked to neighborhood- and parcel-level characteristics and proximity to lead sources. Regression forests were fit using different predictor combinations and compared using cross-validated accuracy and decile-based agreement across all residential parcels.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Hamilton County, Ohio, United States.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Children less than 6 years of age with blood lead tests between January 2020 and April 2023.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measure: </strong>Cross-validated model accuracy and decile-based agreement across residential parcels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>27,782 tests were matched to a residential parcel. Regression forests using Parcel + Source (70.8% AUC) and Neighborhood + Parcel + Source predictors (70.3% AUC) had the highest cross-validated accuracy for predicting BLLs >3.5 µg/dL. Parcel-level predictions revealed heterogeneity of risk across parcels within the same tract.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Parcel characteristics improved the accuracy of predicting locations of children with BLLs >3.5 µg/dL and can help identify children at high risk living in low-risk areas. A parcel-level identification of housing-based lead hazards could guide and support action to prevent pediatric lead exposure.</p>","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143014026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Smoking and Risks Contributing to COVID-19 Hospitalization in Washoe County, Nevada, 2020-2021.","authors":"Danika M Williams, Minggen Lu, Ann M Weber, Daniel M Cook, Lingchen Wang, Wei Yang","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PHH.0000000000002119","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the association between smoking behavior and COVID-19 hospitalization, integrating individual and regional factors such as community resilience and social determinants of health (SDOH), addressing gaps in existing research.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Retrospective cohort study utilizing multilevel analytical methods to evaluate the effects of individual smoking status and regional SDOH on COVID-19 hospitalization.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Washoe County, Nevada, during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic (March 5, 2020, to April 30, 2021).</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>All reported laboratory-positive COVID-19-infected adult residents of Washoe County collected by the Washoe County Health District through mandated disease surveillance for which smoking status was recorded, totaling 10,215 cases after data cleaning.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measure: </strong>Hospitalization among those with COVID-19 was the primary outcome measure, analyzed in relation to individual smoking status and zip code tabulation area (ZCTA)-level SDOH variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis found that individuals infected with COVID-19 who currently and formerly smoked had significantly higher odds of hospitalization compared to those who never had smoked, with odds ratios adjusted for demographics and comorbidities. An increased odds of hospitalization among those with COVID-19 were associated with higher local unemployment, a significant ZCTA-level factor.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Smoking may have increased the odds of hospitalization among those infected with COVID-19, as well as the socioeconomic factor of unemployment. The integration of SDOH into the assessment of health outcomes underscores the need for targeted public health interventions that address both individual behaviors and community-level factors. Future research should continue to explore these factors to inform more effective public health strategies and policy decisions.</p>","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143013969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How Boards of Health Can Advance Public Health 3.0.","authors":"Karl Johnson","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PHH.0000000000002110","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143014022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Telephonic Visits Program to Link Justice-Involved Individuals Diagnosed With HIV in Jail to Community HIV Care.","authors":"Harit Agroia, Kristin Walsh, Iliam Lopez, Rene Padilla","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PHH.0000000000002118","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Correctional facilities serve as a key location to identify and treat those with HIV given high rates of HIV seen in justice-involved individuals; however, substantial barriers exist to accessing HIV care in the community upon release. In response to restricted in-person activities due to COVID-19, the County of Santa Clara (SCC) Jail launched a telephonic visits program in January 2021 to link justice-involved individuals diagnosed with HIV to community HIV care following release. Telephonic visits were conducted by social workers from SCC Public Health Department; these visits entailed conducting an HIV needs assessment, providing education, and offering support services. Following release, individuals were contacted by phone to assist with scheduling appointments, refilling medications, and transportation to clinic appointments. Telephonic visits offered a new opportunity to support HIV linkage to care; connecting with individuals prior to release from jail may mitigate barriers in receiving ongoing HIV care in the community.</p>","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142956829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Pull of Tradition: The Restoration of a Department Structure in a School of Public Health.","authors":"Donna J Petersen","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002113","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002113","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143014042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}