Sunghyun Hong, Fernanda Cross, Felicia A. Hardi, Deaweh Benson, Camille R. Quinn, Daphne C. Watkins
{"title":"Maternal Ethnic-Racial Enculturation: Implications for Social Skill Development in Early Childhood","authors":"Sunghyun Hong, Fernanda Cross, Felicia A. Hardi, Deaweh Benson, Camille R. Quinn, Daphne C. Watkins","doi":"10.1002/icd.70123","DOIUrl":"10.1002/icd.70123","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The influence of maternal enculturation on the social skill development of ethnically and racially diverse young children remains understudied. Because social skills reflect culturally situated norms, evaluations of competence may vary depending on which skills are privileged within an evaluative framework. This study examines whether a validated social skills measure functions differentially across ethnic–racial groups and how maternal enculturation relates to young children's social skills within these groups. Using a longitudinal birth cohort (Black = 1619; White = 724; Latinx = 801), we conducted multiple indicators multiple causes modelling and multi-group structural equation modelling. The measure yielded systematically less favourable ratings for children of Black and Latinx mothers. Even within this context, stronger maternal ethnic–racial identity at age one predicted higher social skills at age five within these groups, identifying maternal enculturation as a developmental asset even when assessed within an evaluative framework that privileges dominant sociocultural norms.</p>","PeriodicalId":47820,"journal":{"name":"Infant and Child Development","volume":"35 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/icd.70123","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148408918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Speed and Accuracy of Movement During Visuomotor Adaptation Are Still Developing in School-Age Children","authors":"Alexander J. Cook, Deborah Giaschi, Hee Yeon Im","doi":"10.1002/icd.70121","DOIUrl":"10.1002/icd.70121","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Visuomotor adaptation is essential for motor development, required to acquire and refine motor skills. Children as young as five can adapt to small visual rotations like adults. However, changes in kinematic and temporal properties during adaptation have not been thoroughly characterized in children. In this study, adults (19–45 years, <i>N</i> = 23, females = 13) and 6- to 11-year-old children (<i>N</i> = 46, females = 26), from diverse ethnic backgrounds, moved a cursor to a target using a mouse. The cursor position was rotated during adaptation, requiring the participants to adjust their movement to reach the target on time. All ages adapted similarly, as measured by the initial direction angle, but children took significantly longer than adults to reach the target. Younger children (6–8 years) were less likely than older children (9–11 years) and adults to reach the target on time. An efficiency score combining movement time and accuracy showed that younger children were less efficient than older children and adults during the initial adaptation stage but increased their efficiency when re-adapting to the same rotation in a later stage. These results suggest that, while adaptation rates are adult-like, movement control and speed are still maturing in childhood.</p>","PeriodicalId":47820,"journal":{"name":"Infant and Child Development","volume":"35 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/icd.70121","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148364923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maria Katerina Botin, Hannah Stark, Penny Levickis, Patricia Eadie
{"title":"Agreement of Parent and Teacher Report on Executive Functioning Abilities of Preschool-Aged Children Using the Childhood Executive Functioning Inventory","authors":"Maria Katerina Botin, Hannah Stark, Penny Levickis, Patricia Eadie","doi":"10.1002/icd.70117","DOIUrl":"10.1002/icd.70117","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Strong early executive functioning (EF) skills have been tied to successful academic and social outcomes. Behaviour rating tools have commonly been used, as they capture multiple stakeholder perspectives. The current study aims to explore parent–teacher agreement on the Childhood Executive Functioning Inventory (CHEXI) for preschool-aged children in Australia. Secondary data analysis was performed on cross-sectional survey data collected on 213 children (55.5% male; <i>M</i> age in months = 64, SD = 4.8) from 88 Early Childhood Education services in Victoria, Australia. The sample was slightly more disadvantaged than the national average (<i>M</i> SEIFA = 989.20, SD = 56.35). Parent–teacher agreement was measured using correlational analysis. Paired Samples <i>t</i>-tests were conducted to identify parent–teacher rater differences on specific CHEXI domains. Parent–teacher agreement ranged from small to moderate across the four CHEXI domains (<i>r</i><sub>s</sub> = 0.27–0.37, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Parents tended to rate their children as higher in the regulation and inhibition subscales compared to teachers. No rater differences were found for the working memory and planning subscales. While respondent discrepancies are expected, this study offers novel insights into the patterns and potential reasons for parent–teacher disagreement, specifically on the CHEXI measure within an Australian preschool sample.</p>","PeriodicalId":47820,"journal":{"name":"Infant and Child Development","volume":"35 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/icd.70117","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148364920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jenni Elise Kähkönen, Francesca Lionetti, Michael Pluess
{"title":"Short Report: Environmental Sensitivity in Children Is Associated With Visual Working Memory and Visual Search Performance","authors":"Jenni Elise Kähkönen, Francesca Lionetti, Michael Pluess","doi":"10.1002/icd.70118","DOIUrl":"10.1002/icd.70118","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Highly sensitive children perceive and process stimuli more deeply but the mechanisms enabling this deeper processing are not widely understood yet. Ninety-seven 7–9-year-old (<i>M</i> = 7.99, SD = 0.34) UK primary school children (47% girls) completed tasks on visual working memory and visual search. Teachers and children reported on children's environmental sensitivity. Only child-rated sensitivity positively predicted visual working memory performance, with less sensitive children scoring particularly low. Teacher-rated sensitivity predicted fewer commission errors in a visual search task. Sensitivity did not predict reaction times. The discussion highlights that we did not find strong evidence for greater visual working memory in more sensitive children, but less sensitive children's memory merits further research. Visual search findings suggested that more sensitive children make fewer impulsive mistakes, aligning with theory and research. In conclusion, we identified novel evidence of environmental sensitivity predicting both visual working memory and visual search performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":47820,"journal":{"name":"Infant and Child Development","volume":"35 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/icd.70118","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148364924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sammy Perone, Aryn M. Vaughan, Alana J. Anderson, Elizabeth H. Weybright
{"title":"How Parents Support Their Children's Boredom Relates to Dynamics of Neurophysiological Correlates of Self-Regulation","authors":"Sammy Perone, Aryn M. Vaughan, Alana J. Anderson, Elizabeth H. Weybright","doi":"10.1002/icd.70119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/icd.70119","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The goal of the study was to gain insight into how children respond to a task designed to induce boredom and whether it relates to trait boredom and how parents approach supporting their children's boredom. Eighty-three 4- to 6-year-old children participated (42 female; <i>M</i> = 5.27 years, SD = 0.79 years). The racial/ethnic composition of the sample was 76.1% Caucasian, 12.1% multiracial, 6.9% Asian, 1% Black/African American, 1% Native American/Alaska Native, 1% Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander and 0.9% other. Trait boredom was measured using a parent-adapted version of the boredom proneness scale and parents were asked three questions about how they approach helping their children resolve boredom. EEG was recorded while children completed a boredom induction task. Slopes in frontal alpha asymmetry (FAA) across the task were extracted to determine if children used approach (leftward shift) or avoidance (rightward shift) to cope with boredom during the task. Boredom proneness was unrelated to shifts in frontal alpha activity (<i>p</i>s > 0.05). However, children of parents who let them resolve boredom on their own exhibited a leftward shift in frontal alpha activity (<i>r</i> = 0.31), indicating these children use approach motivation when confronted with a boredom induction task, a self-regulatory strategy that matches the demands of the task well. Results are discussed in the context of how parental strategies around boredom might influence how children learn to effectively cope with boredom.</p>","PeriodicalId":47820,"journal":{"name":"Infant and Child Development","volume":"35 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/icd.70119","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148322361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lara A. Wood, Claire Sutherland, Jing Xu, Bruce Rawlings, Sarah Pope-Caldwell, Olivier Mboumba, Armel Elenga Ondaye, Grace Revenant Ngoma, Roger Ndenguele, Eve Holden, Sheina Lew-Levy
{"title":"Naturalistic Observations of Children and Adolescents in Diverse Contexts: Methods, Challenges and Recommendations","authors":"Lara A. Wood, Claire Sutherland, Jing Xu, Bruce Rawlings, Sarah Pope-Caldwell, Olivier Mboumba, Armel Elenga Ondaye, Grace Revenant Ngoma, Roger Ndenguele, Eve Holden, Sheina Lew-Levy","doi":"10.1002/icd.70114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/icd.70114","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The understanding of child development benefits from varied research approaches, including those that reflect the complexity of children's experiences across diverse and real-world contexts. This article advocates for the broader use of naturalistic observations within developmental psychology, highlighting its unique value in capturing children's interactions within their social environments. Drawing on our recent experience of a naturalistic video observation study within culturally distinct communities, we provide extensive practical insights into the design and implementation of this methodology. We emphasise the importance of thoughtful planning at every stage of the research process and demonstrate how technological advancements advance observational methods. By sharing our practical reflections and strategies, we hope to support researchers to embrace naturalistic observation as a powerful method for generating rich, ecologically valid data to better understand developmental processes in real-world settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":47820,"journal":{"name":"Infant and Child Development","volume":"35 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/icd.70114","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148281971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carolien Rieffe, Brenda M. S. Da Silva, Johan H. M. Frijns, Herédio Sousa, Luísa Monteiro, Guida Veiga
{"title":"Associations of Shame and Guilt With Externalising Behaviour in Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing (DHH) and Hearing Children","authors":"Carolien Rieffe, Brenda M. S. Da Silva, Johan H. M. Frijns, Herédio Sousa, Luísa Monteiro, Guida Veiga","doi":"10.1002/icd.70115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/icd.70115","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Moral emotions evolve during the first years of life, making children abiding by societal rules. Recent studies on young children showed that guilt and shame impact social relationships differently. Whereas guilt is associated with fewer externalising problems, the opposite seems true for shame. How these emotions affect peer-related aggression in young children had not yet been studied. We examined these relationships in 42 deaf and hard-of-hearing (DHH) and 199 hearing children (mean age 5 years, 2 months). Since these emotions rely on input from the social environment, their development might be more difficult for DHH children who often face (invisible) barriers to accessing their social surroundings. Statistical analyses revealed no group differences, but correlations confirmed differential links for shame and guilt with externalising problems and peer-related aggression. Guilt related to less peer-related aggression, whereas shame related to more reactive aggression, which suggests feelings of retaliation, thus possibly harming social relationships.</p>","PeriodicalId":47820,"journal":{"name":"Infant and Child Development","volume":"35 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/icd.70115","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148237909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Salvatore D’ Amore, Deniz Eren, Paul-Emile Huet, Samantha Tornello, Olivier Vecho, Sara Bressanutti, Alessio Gubello
{"title":"‘With Two Dads, You Cannot Hide Adoption Even if You Wanted to’—Adoption Communication in Adoptive Families With LGBTQ+ Parents: An International Study","authors":"Salvatore D’ Amore, Deniz Eren, Paul-Emile Huet, Samantha Tornello, Olivier Vecho, Sara Bressanutti, Alessio Gubello","doi":"10.1002/icd.70109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/icd.70109","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aims to shed light on how LGBTQ+ adoptive parents communicate adoption with their children. A total of 163 adoptive parents identifying as sexual minority individuals (<i>M</i><sub>age</sub> = 45.29 years) participated in this qualitative study. They were adoptive parents of children aged between 4 and 18 years (<i>M</i><sub>age</sub> = 10.20 years) living in Europe and the United States. Participants responded to an open-ended survey question about how they communicated adoption to their children. Responses were analysed using Braun and Clarke's Thematic Analysis. Five main themes emerged: (1) how parents share children's pre-adoption histories (‘He was in the belly of a mom who couldn't take care of him’); (2) parents' assumptions about what children know and understand about adoption (‘We didn't have to explain much because we are two dads’); (3) external influences on adoption communication (‘I haven't said anything. It's a process. My son knows his birth mom and has always been in contact with her’); (4) honesty and openness as an evolving process in adoption communication (‘We have talked about it with him in various ways during his life. We strive to be open and transparent with him’); (5) adoption communication as a means to preserve origins and foster belonging (‘We try to tell the truth while making 1st parents not sound like bad people’). These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of adoption communication as a central socialization process in adoptive families with sexual minority parents.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47820,"journal":{"name":"Infant and Child Development","volume":"35 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148237910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Correction to ‘‘‘I Feel Happy When I See Her… She Needs Me’: A Qualitative Study on Grandparenting and Children's Social–Emotional Development in Rural Malaysia”","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/icd.70113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/icd.70113","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 <span>Jo-Pei, T.</span>, <span>G. Su-Wan</span>, <span>C. S. L. Cheah</span>, and <span>T. Soon-Aun</span>. <span>2025</span>. “ <span>‘I Feel Happy When I See Her… She Needs Me’: A Qualitative Study on Grandparenting and Children's Social–Emotional Development in Rural Malaysia</span>.” <i>Infant and Child Development</i> <span>34</span>, no. <span>6</span>: e70063. https://doi.org/10.1002/icd.70063.\u0000 </p><p>The third affiliation was published as: Department of Psychology, College of Arts, Humanities, and Social Sciences, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA</p><p>It should have been published as: Department of Psychology, College of Arts, Humanities, and Social Sciences, University of Maryland, Baltimore <b>County</b>, Maryland, USA</p><p>We apologise for this error.</p>","PeriodicalId":47820,"journal":{"name":"Infant and Child Development","volume":"35 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/icd.70113","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148174044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Contingent Relationships Between Maternal and Child Cognitive Demand Contributions in Shared Book Reading Among Low‐Income Preschool‐Age Dual Language Learners: A Sequential Analysis","authors":"Emily Mak, Rufan Luo, Qing Zhou, Yuuko Uchikoshi","doi":"10.1002/icd.70112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/icd.70112","url":null,"abstract":"This study employs sequential analysis to explore the contingent dynamics of cognitive demand in shared book reading across 152 low‐income immigrant Mexican American ( <jats:italic>M</jats:italic> age = 48.98 months) and Chinese American ( <jats:italic>M</jats:italic> age = 47.67 months) dyads. Utterances were coded for cognitive demand (yes/no, referential, behavioural, and inferential). While both groups matched the cognitive demand level of each other's speech, group‐specific deviations through the interactions of cultural background and maternal education revealed distinct scaffolding patterns. Mexican American children tended to undermatch inferential questions by reverting to yes/no answers, while Chinese American children showed matching responses across all question types, and their mothers employed mid‐level referential and behavioural questions for follow‐up. These patterns show that cultural and demographic variations impact the contingent structure of scaffolding, resulting in functionally different instances of overmatching and undermatching. These findings underscore the need for culturally sensitive interventions focused on the process of contingent language interactions.","PeriodicalId":47820,"journal":{"name":"Infant and Child Development","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148286345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}