Nicole Patton Terry, Lynette Hammond Gerido, Cynthia U Norris, Lakeisha Johnson, Callie Little
{"title":"Building a framework to understand and address vulnerability to reading difficulties among children in schools in the United States.","authors":"Nicole Patton Terry, Lynette Hammond Gerido, Cynthia U Norris, Lakeisha Johnson, Callie Little","doi":"10.1002/cad.20473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cad.20473","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper presents a vulnerability framework as a means to contextualize inequities in reading achievement among children who are vulnerable to poor reading outcomes. Models to understand vulnerability have been applied in the social sciences and public health to identify population disparities and design interventions to improve outcomes. Vulnerability is multifaceted and governed by context. Using a vulnerability framework for the science of reading provides an innovative approach for acknowledging multilevel factors contributing to disparities. The ecological considerations of both individual differences in learners and conditions within and outside of schools ensures that scientific advances are realized for learners who are more vulnerable to experiencing reading difficulty in school.</p>","PeriodicalId":47745,"journal":{"name":"New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40488773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Managing health in inequitable contexts: Health capacities as integral to life course health development.","authors":"Patrece L. Joseph","doi":"10.1002/cad.20464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cad.20464","url":null,"abstract":"Health behavior models are widely used in prevention research with children and adolescents; yet, many of these models were developed based on adult experiences and fail to consider the development of health constructs. The concept of health capacity development is a theoretical model of how health capacities, the health-related developmental sociocultural resources individuals use to regulate their coactions with their environments to sustain health, develop. Health capacities are formed through person-environment transactions and thus, are informed by, and help individuals manage, the opportunities and constraints situated in their environments. The extent to which health capacities support long-term adaptive health development varies; yet, health capacities may be leveraged for adaptative functioning. Grounded in the Life Course Health Development (LCHD) framework and the principles of Relational Developmental Systems (RDS) metatheory, the development of three health capacities, their role in managing person-environment coactions, and their potential for facilitating displays of resilient functioning in inequitable contexts are described. Implications of the model, its limitations, and avenues for future research are discussed.","PeriodicalId":47745,"journal":{"name":"New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74494508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Contextualizing school achievement among vulnerable learners: Implications for science and practice: Commentary.","authors":"L. Cutting","doi":"10.1002/cad.20460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cad.20460","url":null,"abstract":"The current set of papers in this special issue capture the range of viewpoints, scientific approaches, and populations needed to illuminate and tackle the issues of school achievement among vulnerable learners. This includes providing a framework for researchers to work from relevant policy findings, and literature reviews to small scale studies. The manuscripts also traverse different aspects of scientific inquiry - from data reported by federal and state programs, thus providing a \"bird's eye view\" of findings, to more granular neurobiological approaches. Across all papers is the clear theme of needing to shift from where we have been in order to establish a path forward for where we need to go to account for learners that have been relatively neglected in scientific studies. To break down barriers of inequity and increase our understanding of causes and consequences of vulnerable learners, there is a need to re-think how we establish policies and allocate funds, as well as broadening our lens as we conduct scientific studies. Each piece in this special issue calls for the need to better understand these issues that vulnerable learners face to address inequities in our educational ecosystems. Together they provide a rich set of insights that have significant implications for science and practice.","PeriodicalId":47745,"journal":{"name":"New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88986919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A society that values it's children should cherish their parents: A move to considering the attachment network.","authors":"M. Steele, H. Steele","doi":"10.1002/cad.20454","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cad.20454","url":null,"abstract":"This comment on the Special Issue contributions regarding the attachment network addresses the clinical implications of the findings from three perspectives: (1) the need to look beyond maternal influences on child developmental outcomes; (2) to be open to every seemingly peripheral influence on the child as this may have a central impact on the child, for example, grandmothers, the parental couple relationship, and others not living in the child's home but nonetheless influential; and (3) identify and cultivate security spreading effects that help change not only the child, but the child's relationships with others in and outside the family-to the benefit of all. Some evidence-based attachment-based interventions are highlighted.","PeriodicalId":47745,"journal":{"name":"New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75561423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Beyond the diathesis-stress paradigm: Effect of the environmental sensitivity × pubertal tempo interaction on depressive symptoms.","authors":"Shuhei Iimura,Minako Deno,Chieko Kibe,Toshihiko Endo","doi":"10.1002/cad.20456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cad.20456","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the Differential Susceptibility Theory, we examined whether the relationship between pubertal maturation and depressive symptoms can be moderated by individual differences in environmental sensitivity. The current article used the three-wave data collected from Japanese adolescents aged from 12 to 15 years (girls = 111, boys = 98). Consequently, a significant Sensitivity × Pubertal Development interaction was observed in 12- to 13-year-old boys, but not girls. Sensitive boys who experienced accelerated physical maturation reported decreased depressive symptoms, while those who experienced less maturation had increased depressive symptoms. The shape of the interaction supported both the Differential Susceptibility Theory and the Diathesis-Stress Model. Our findings suggest that sensitivity during early puberty among boys could be reconsidered as susceptibility rather than vulnerability.","PeriodicalId":47745,"journal":{"name":"New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138530924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Beyond the diathesis-stress paradigm: Effect of the environmental sensitivity × pubertal tempo interaction on depressive symptoms","authors":"Shuhei Iimura, Minako Deno, Chieko Kibe, Toshihiko Endo","doi":"10.1002/cad.20456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cad.20456","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the <i>Differential Susceptibility Theory</i>, we examined whether the relationship between pubertal maturation and depressive symptoms can be moderated by individual differences in environmental sensitivity. The current article used the three-wave data collected from Japanese adolescents aged from 12 to 15 years (girls = 111, boys = 98). Consequently, a significant Sensitivity × Pubertal Development interaction was observed in 12- to 13-year-old boys, but not girls. Sensitive boys who experienced accelerated physical maturation reported decreased depressive symptoms, while those who experienced less maturation had increased depressive symptoms. The shape of the interaction supported both the <i>Differential Susceptibility Theory</i> and the <i>Diathesis–Stress</i> <i>Model</i>. Our findings suggest that sensitivity during early puberty among boys could be reconsidered as <i>susceptibility</i> rather than <i>vulnerability</i>.","PeriodicalId":47745,"journal":{"name":"New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138530925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hippocampal volume indexes neurobiological sensitivity to the effect of pollution burden on telomere length in adolescents.","authors":"Jonas G Miller, Jessica L Buthmann, Ian H Gotlib","doi":"10.1002/cad.20471","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cad.20471","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Exposure to environmental pollutants has been associated with cellular aging in children and adolescents. Individuals may vary, however, in their sensitivity or vulnerability to the effects of environmental pollutants. Larger hippocampal volume has emerged as a potential index of increased sensitivity to social contexts. In exploratory analyses (N = 214), we extend work in this area by providing evidence that larger hippocampal volume in early adolescence reflects increased sensitivity to the effect of neighborhood pollution burden on telomere length (standardized β = -0.40, 95% CI[-0.65, -0.15]). In contrast, smaller hippocampal volume appears to buffer this association (standardized β = 0.02). In youth with larger hippocampal volume, pollution burden was indirectly associated with shorter telomere length approximately 2 years later through shorter telomere length at baseline (indirect standardized β = -0.25, 95% CI[-0.40, 0.10]). For these youth, living in high or low pollution-burdened neighborhoods may predispose them to develop shorter or longer telomeres, respectively, later in adolescence.</p>","PeriodicalId":47745,"journal":{"name":"New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9492639/pdf/nihms-1814306.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9700551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kevin Bastien, Gina Muckle, Pierre Ayotte, Yohann Courtemanche, Neil C Dodge, Joseph L Jacobson, Sandra W Jacobson, Dave Saint-Amour
{"title":"Associations between developmental exposure to environmental contaminants and spatial navigation in late adolescence.","authors":"Kevin Bastien, Gina Muckle, Pierre Ayotte, Yohann Courtemanche, Neil C Dodge, Joseph L Jacobson, Sandra W Jacobson, Dave Saint-Amour","doi":"10.1002/cad.20478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cad.20478","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Inuit communities in Northern Quebec (Canada) are exposed to environmental contaminants, particularly to mercury, lead and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Previous studies reported adverse associations between these neurotoxicants and memory performance. Here we aimed to determine the associations of pre- and postnatal exposures to mercury, lead and PCB-153 on spatial navigation memory in 212 Inuit adolescents (mean age = 18.5 years) using a computer task which requires learning the location of a hidden platform based on allocentric spatial representation. Contaminant concentrations were measured in cord blood at birth and blood samples at 11 years of age and at time of testing. Multivariate regression models showed that adolescent mercury and prenatal PCB-153 exposures were associated with poorer spatial learning, whereas current exposure to PCB-153 was associated with altered spatial memory retrieval at the probe test trial. These findings suggest that contaminants might be linked to different aspects of spatial navigation processing at different stages.</p>","PeriodicalId":47745,"journal":{"name":"New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9590243/pdf/nihms-1830665.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10126143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Samantha Schildroth, Alexa Friedman, Julia Anglen Bauer, Birgit Claus Henn
{"title":"Associations of a metal mixture with iron status in U.S. adolescents: Evidence from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.","authors":"Samantha Schildroth, Alexa Friedman, Julia Anglen Bauer, Birgit Claus Henn","doi":"10.1002/cad.20457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cad.20457","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Iron is needed for normal development in adolescence. Exposure to individual environmental metals (e.g., lead) has been associated with altered iron status in adolescence, but little is known about the cumulative associations of multiple metals with Fe status. We used data from the 2017-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) to examine associations between a metal mixture (lead, manganese, cadmium, selenium) and iron status in 588 U.S. adolescents (12-17 years). We estimated cumulative and interactive associations of the metal mixture with five iron status metrics using Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression (BKMR). Higher concentrations of manganese and cadmium were associated with lower log-transformed ferritin concentrations. Interactions were observed between manganese, cadmium, and lead for ferritin and the transferrin receptor, where iron status tended to be worse at higher concentrations of all metals. These results may reflect competition between environmental metals and iron for cellular uptake. Mixed metal exposures may alter normal iron function, which has implications for adolescent development.</p>","PeriodicalId":47745,"journal":{"name":"New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9492632/pdf/nihms-1793203.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9388468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Larissa Betanzos-Robledo, Martha M Téllez-Rojo, Hector Lamadrid-Figueroa, Ernesto Roldan-Valadez, Karen E Peterson, Erica C Jansen, Nil Basu, Alejandra Cantoral
{"title":"Differential fat accumulation in early adulthood according to adolescent-BMI and heavy metal exposure.","authors":"Larissa Betanzos-Robledo, Martha M Téllez-Rojo, Hector Lamadrid-Figueroa, Ernesto Roldan-Valadez, Karen E Peterson, Erica C Jansen, Nil Basu, Alejandra Cantoral","doi":"10.1002/cad.20463","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cad.20463","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Heavy metals such as Lead (Pb) and Mercury (Hg) can affect adipose tissue mass and function. Considering the high prevalence of exposure to heavy metals and obesity in Mexico, we aim to examine if exposure to Pb and Hg in adolescence can modify how fat is accumulated in early adulthood.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 100 participants from the ELEMENT cohort in Mexico. Adolescent Pb and Hg blood levels were determined at 14-16 years. Age- and sex-specific adolescent BMI Z-scores were calculated. At early adulthood (21-22 years), fat accumulation measurements were performed (abdominal, subcutaneous, visceral, hepatic, and pancreatic fat). Linear regression models with an interaction between adolescent BMI Z-score and Pb or Hg levels were run for each adulthood fat accumulation outcome with normal BMI as reference.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In adolescents with obesity compared to normal BMI, as Pb exposure increased, subcutaneous (p-interaction = 0.088) and visceral (p-interaction < 0.0001) fat accumulation increases. Meanwhile, Hg was associated with subcutaneous (p-interaction = 0.027) and abdominal (p-interaction = 0.022) fat deposition among adolescents with obesity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Heavy metal exposure in adolescence may alter how fat is accumulated in later periods of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":47745,"journal":{"name":"New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/cd/97/CAD-2022-37.PMC9790480.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10507692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}