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The distinct effects of information technologies and communication technologies on skill demand 信息技术和通信技术对技能需求的不同影响
IF 2.4 3区 管理学
Industrial Relations Pub Date : 2023-11-29 DOI: 10.1111/irel.12350
Sotiris Blanas
{"title":"The distinct effects of information technologies and communication technologies on skill demand","authors":"Sotiris Blanas","doi":"10.1111/irel.12350","DOIUrl":"10.1111/irel.12350","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Covering the bulk of economic activity in ten developed countries over 1982–2005, this paper is the first to study the distinct effects of Information Technologies (IT) and Communication Technologies (CT) on labor, and in particular, the relative demand for different education groups of workers. Consistent with evidence on automation-induced job and skill polarization, IT capital intensity decreased the demand for the middle-educated relative to the highly and low-educated. Instead, CT capital intensity increased the demand for the highly educated relative to the low-educated, suggesting that CT facilitate the leverage of knowledge by the former group in production teams or the identification of new investment opportunities for their companies. Additional evidence, especially on the effects of CT, yields a richer set of insights.</p>","PeriodicalId":47700,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Relations","volume":"63 4","pages":"442-490"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138526566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Do unions care about low-paid workers? Evidence from Norway 工会关心低薪工人吗？挪威的证据
IF 2.4 3区 管理学
Industrial Relations Pub Date : 2023-11-02 DOI: 10.1111/irel.12349
Elin Svarstad
{"title":"Do unions care about low-paid workers? Evidence from Norway","authors":"Elin Svarstad","doi":"10.1111/irel.12349","DOIUrl":"10.1111/irel.12349","url":null,"abstract":"<p>One of the core objectives of unions is to raise the wages of the lowest paid. Utilizing a panel of individual-matched employee–employer data covering the Norwegian private sector in the period 2000–2014, I investigate how workplace union density is related to individual low-pay risk. By exploiting changes in tax deductions for union members in Norway as a source of exogenous variation, a negative effect of increased union density on low-pay risk is identified within jobs. The results further suggest that the effect of local bargaining power on individual low-pay probability is larger among immigrants than among natives.</p>","PeriodicalId":47700,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Relations","volume":"63 4","pages":"417-441"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/irel.12349","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135934121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Coworker networks and the labor market outcomes of displaced workers: Evidence from Portugal 同事网络与流离失所工人的劳动力市场结果：葡萄牙的证据
IF 2.3 3区 管理学
Industrial Relations Pub Date : 2023-10-20 DOI: 10.1111/irel.12348
Jose Garcia-Louzao, Marta Silva
{"title":"Coworker networks and the labor market outcomes of displaced workers: Evidence from Portugal","authors":"Jose Garcia-Louzao,&nbsp;Marta Silva","doi":"10.1111/irel.12348","DOIUrl":"10.1111/irel.12348","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The use of social contacts in the labor market is widespread. This paper investigates the association between personal connections and hiring probabilities as well as re-employment outcomes of displaced workers in Portugal. The hiring analysis indicates that displaced workers with a direct link to a firm through a former coworker are three times more likely to be hired compared to workers displaced from the same closing event who lack such a tie. Moreover, we show that successful displaced workers with a connection in the hiring firm have higher entry-level wages and enjoy greater job security.</p>","PeriodicalId":47700,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Relations","volume":"63 3","pages":"389-413"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135616372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Do supplementary jobs for welfare recipients increase the chance of welfare exit? Evidence from Germany 为福利金领取者提供辅助性工作是否会增加退出福利金的机会？来自德国的证据
IF 2.3 3区 管理学
Industrial Relations Pub Date : 2023-09-28 DOI: 10.1111/irel.12339
Alexander Mosthaf, Thorsten Schank, Stefan Schwarz
{"title":"Do supplementary jobs for welfare recipients increase the chance of welfare exit? Evidence from Germany","authors":"Alexander Mosthaf,&nbsp;Thorsten Schank,&nbsp;Stefan Schwarz","doi":"10.1111/irel.12339","DOIUrl":"10.1111/irel.12339","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Welfare recipients in Germany are allowed to take up supplementary jobs while receiving welfare. In the present study, we use the German Panel Study “Labour Market and Social Security” (PASS) for the years 2006–2014 to analyze the impact of these supplementary jobs on the chances of welfare exit. Dynamic multinomial logit models controlling for unobserved heterogeneity and endogenous initial conditions reveal that full-time employed men and women are more likely to exit welfare into employment than their non-employed counterparts. For supplementary part-time jobs, however, we find no or (only in some specifications for men) much smaller stepping stone effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":47700,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Relations","volume":"63 3","pages":"291-324"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/irel.12339","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135343278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Politicized shopping in the gig economy: Retaliation and solidarity on the “other side” of the app 打工经济中的政治化购物：应用程序 "另一端 "的报复与团结
IF 2.3 3区 管理学
Industrial Relations Pub Date : 2023-09-28 DOI: 10.1111/irel.12346
Michael David Maffie
{"title":"Politicized shopping in the gig economy: Retaliation and solidarity on the “other side” of the app","authors":"Michael David Maffie","doi":"10.1111/irel.12346","DOIUrl":"10.1111/irel.12346","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this mixed-methods article, the author investigates how gig workers behave when they become consumers of these products. The author finds that workers engage in politicized shopping – where they order from platform companies with comparably better labor standards – both to retaliate against companies with substandard labor practices and support their fellow gig workers. By examining worker behavior on the “other side” of the platform, this article expands our understanding politicized shopping in this emerging area of work.</p>","PeriodicalId":47700,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Relations","volume":"63 3","pages":"343-367"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135425092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Still part of the game—corporatism and political exchanges in two small states 仍是游戏的一部分--两个小国的公司制和政治交流
IF 2.3 3区 管理学
Industrial Relations Pub Date : 2023-09-28 DOI: 10.1111/irel.12347
Mikkel Mailand
{"title":"Still part of the game—corporatism and political exchanges in two small states","authors":"Mikkel Mailand","doi":"10.1111/irel.12347","DOIUrl":"10.1111/irel.12347","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study of Danish and Dutch work and welfare policies since the Great Recession questions the dominant picture of trade unions as being too weak and irrelevant for tripartite regulation. The frequency of tripartite agreements has not decreased, and social partners are still able to obtain important concessions. In addition to well-described resources, the article shows that trade unions and employers' organizations offer governments financial resources and access to workplaces in political exchanges, which helps explain corporatist resilience. Only limited support was found for well-known drivers other than economic crises as explanations for changes over time in tripartism.</p>","PeriodicalId":47700,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Relations","volume":"63 3","pages":"368-388"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135425916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Vocational training during the COVID-19 pandemic: Under what conditions does the public support state subsidies for training firms? COVID-19 大流行期间的职业培训：公众在什么条件下支持国家为培训公司提供补贴？
IF 2.3 3区 管理学
Industrial Relations Pub Date : 2023-08-23 DOI: 10.1111/irel.12345
Anna Heusler, Monika Senghaas
{"title":"Vocational training during the COVID-19 pandemic: Under what conditions does the public support state subsidies for training firms?","authors":"Anna Heusler,&nbsp;Monika Senghaas","doi":"10.1111/irel.12345","DOIUrl":"10.1111/irel.12345","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article presents novel empirical findings on whether and under what conditions the public supports apprenticeship subsidies paid to training firms during the COVID-19 pandemic. Drawing on the literature on justice research and deservingness theory, we construct an experimental factorial survey among individuals from German administrative records. The findings suggest selective support targeting the neediest firms, for example, small firms and firms strongly affected economically. Furthermore, we find that perceived deservingness is higher for firms offering apprenticeships in an area of skill shortage. Our results furthermore suggest that personal characteristics impact the assessment of the distribution of state support.</p>","PeriodicalId":47700,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Relations","volume":"63 3","pages":"325-342"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/irel.12345","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126643981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
“Which side are you on?” A historical study of union membership composition in seven Western countries "你站在哪一边？七个西方国家工会会员构成的历史研究
IF 2.3 3区 管理学
Industrial Relations Pub Date : 2023-08-15 DOI: 10.1111/irel.12342
Cyprien Batut, Ulysse Lojkine, Paolo Santini
{"title":"“Which side are you on?” A historical study of union membership composition in seven Western countries","authors":"Cyprien Batut,&nbsp;Ulysse Lojkine,&nbsp;Paolo Santini","doi":"10.1111/irel.12342","DOIUrl":"10.1111/irel.12342","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study uses surveys from the past 60 years to study union membership in Denmark, France, West Germany, Italy, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the United States. We first revisit aggregate union densities finding that, for France and Italy, they were at times under- and overestimated, respectively. Second, we document the evolution of the composition of union membership in terms of gender, occupation, education, and sector. Different stylized facts emerge for different groups of countries. These facts do not lend support to the composition-based theory that attributes deunionization to deindustrialization, nor to the technological theory that predicts the exit of the high-skilled from unions.</p>","PeriodicalId":47700,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Relations","volume":"63 2","pages":"205-287"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127840028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
How did the COVID-19 pandemic affect men's and women's returns to unionization? COVID-19 大流行对男性和女性加入工会的回报有何影响？
IF 2.3 3区 管理学
Industrial Relations Pub Date : 2023-08-03 DOI: 10.1111/irel.12343
Eunice S. Han
{"title":"How did the COVID-19 pandemic affect men's and women's returns to unionization?","authors":"Eunice S. Han","doi":"10.1111/irel.12343","DOIUrl":"10.1111/irel.12343","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Using data from the Current Population Survey for the period 2015 to 2021, I study union-nonunion differences in employment, wages and other terms and conditions before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Analyses are run separately for men and women. I find that, compared to non-union workers, union workers were better able to retain employment, less likely to do telework, and more likely to receive pay for the hours they did not work during the pandemic. These patterns were more evident for female workers.</p>","PeriodicalId":47700,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Relations","volume":"63 2","pages":"172-204"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122360537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Unions as insurance: Workplace unionization and workers' outcomes during COVID-19 工会是保险：COVID-19 期间工作场所的工会化与工人的成果
IF 2.3 3区 管理学
Industrial Relations Pub Date : 2023-08-02 DOI: 10.1111/irel.12344
Nils Braakmann, Boris Hirsch
{"title":"Unions as insurance: Workplace unionization and workers' outcomes during COVID-19","authors":"Nils Braakmann,&nbsp;Boris Hirsch","doi":"10.1111/irel.12344","DOIUrl":"10.1111/irel.12344","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We investigate to what extent workplace unionization protects workers from external shocks by preventing involuntary job separations. Using the COVID-19 pandemic as a plausibly exogenous shock hitting the whole economy, we compare workers who worked in unionized and non-unionized workplaces directly before the pandemic in a difference-in-differences framework. We find that unionized workers were substantially more likely to remain working for their pre-COVID employer and to be in employment. This greater employment stability was not traded off against lower working hours or labor income.</p>","PeriodicalId":47700,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Relations","volume":"63 2","pages":"152-171"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/irel.12344","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122019917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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