Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management最新文献

{"title":"The Maaloop Framework: Enabling a Systems-Level Common Operating Picture in Multiagency Disaster Management","authors":"Greg Drummond,&nbsp;Matthew B. Thompson,&nbsp;David Gill","doi":"10.1111/1468-5973.70018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5973.70018","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Emergency management operations are a complex system involving multiagency hierarchical command structures requiring coordination of significant volumes of information, resourcing and effort across expansive disaster zones within restricted timeframes and with potentially catastrophic consequences. Within these environments establishing a timely and shared understanding among different levels of command and across agencies is crucial yet remains a significant challenge. The problem is subsequently framed as ʻhow can the establishment of a systems-level common operating picture across hierarchical commands and different agencies be improved in the context of complex emergency management and disaster response?ʼ To address this, we present the Maaloop Framework which builds upon the insights gained from previous research within the context of threat assessment, sensemaking, and critical decision-making in police, military, ambulance, and firefighting contexts. To the observer trained in its application, it aims to provide an instant, point-in-time, global and detailed visual intelligent product of (i) the amount of information identified by decision makers at each location; (ii) how confident those decision makers are in the information and its application to resolve an incident; (iii) how the decision maker in adjacent command levels are using the information being fed to them. In turn, it will assist in improving individual and collective understanding regardless of position within a command hierarchy or agency jurisdiction. We submit that the Maaloop Framework does no more than describe the common constructs and concepts identified in the literature describing decision-making within these industries and the broader study of decision-making in the field of psychology. Therefore, this framework is intended to provide a solution to provide systems-level common operating picture and an initial basis for increased communication and understanding across complex crisis events.</p>","PeriodicalId":47674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1468-5973.70018","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143113834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Earthquake Evacuation Shelter Capacity in Seoul: A Geographic Information Systems-Based Analysis of Transient Population Accommodation in Critical Infrastructure","authors":"Hyun Soo Park,&nbsp;Seol A. Kwon","doi":"10.1111/1468-5973.70021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5973.70021","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study assesses the capacity of earthquake evacuation shelters in Seoul, South Korea, focusing on their ability to accommodate the transient population, a key aspect of the city's critical infrastructure. Using GIS-based spatial analysis, the research examines population fluctuations across different times of day, weekdays versus weekends, and seasonal variations. The results reveal significant shortcomings in the current shelter infrastructure, with many areas unable to effectively accommodate residents. Larger shelters are found to support more people from nearby regions, whereas smaller shelters often leave many areas only partially accommodated or completely unserved. This persistent issue across various temporal and population changes underscores the need for a comprehensive disaster preparedness strategy. Key recommendations include the strategic expansion of existing shelters, optimal placement of new shelters, and the adoption of advanced technologies for real-time population tracking. Additionally, the study highlights the importance of enhancing public awareness through regular drills and developing urban planning policies that incorporate disaster management. Fostering collaboration among government agencies, private stakeholders, and community organisations is also essential. By addressing these gaps, Seoul can improve its resilience and better protect its residents during seismic events, emphasising the critical need for innovative disaster preparedness strategies in urban settings.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143113051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on the Communication and Governance of Negative Emotions in Major Emergencies Based on Data-Information-Intelligence-Solution Theory","authors":"ZhiQiang Wen,&nbsp;Fei Wang","doi":"10.1111/1468-5973.70022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5973.70022","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The era of micro-communication introduces a complex new ecology in the online public opinion surrounding major emergencies. There is an urgent need to explore these new dynamics and develop scientific, reasonable governance strategies to protect public physical and mental health, and maintain social stability and unity. Using the ‘Data-Information-Intelligence-Solution’ (DIIS) think-tank theory, data was collected from eight different media platforms. An empirical analysis was conducted on ‘emotion, media, region, and group’ (Information). The ‘Driving Force-State-Response’ model was utilised to establish a risk assessment system for major emergency online public opinion (Intelligence), followed by the proposal of specific countermeasures and suggestions (Solution). The analysis revealed that anxiety accounts for 88.24% of the negative emotions during major emergencies. The most sought-after information pertains to the event's development and related large industry groups. Media and event-related accounts are highly followed, and there is a positive correlation between regional economic levels and anxiety levels. This comprehensive analysis underscores the importance of addressing public anxiety to alleviate negative emotions. The study provides scientific and reasonable strategies based on the DIIS think-tank theory for government departments to manage the risks of online public opinion during major emergencies.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143112804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Psychological First Aid Training (RAPID-PFA) on Self-Efficacy, Perceived Competencies and Disaster Preparedness of Nursing Students in Tunisian Public Institutions: A Randomized Controlled Trial","authors":"Ahlem Mtiraoui,&nbsp;Hayder Mahjoubi,&nbsp;Akram Achour,&nbsp;Mariem Ghardallou,&nbsp;Jaafer Nakhli","doi":"10.1111/1468-5973.70019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5973.70019","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article is an example of ‘Lessons from the Field’. Disasters and emergencies pose unique challenges for healthcare professionals, necessitating a robust response from the nursing community. This study evaluated the effectiveness of a Psychological First Aid (PFA) intervention based on the RAPID-PFA Model on the perceived competencies, disaster management readiness and self-efficacy of nursing students in public institutions in Tunisia. A quasi-experimental study was conducted among nursing students in public institutions in Tunisia, comprising an intervention group (<i>N</i> = 54) and a control group (<i>N</i> = 54). Based on international PFA guidelines, the educational intervention included a 6-h immersive workshop featuring role-playing exercises. Perceived competencies, self-efficacy and disaster preparedness levels were assessed using standardized instruments. Data were collected at four-time points: before, immediately after the training and 1 and 3 months post-intervention. Descriptive statistics, <i>χ</i>² tests and one-way and repeated-measures ANOVA were used to evaluate the training's impact. The study population had a mean age of 22, with no significant differences in sociodemographic characteristics between the intervention and control groups. The majority of students (96.3%) had received physical first aid training, but none had training in PFA. The intervention significantly improved perceived competencies, disaster preparedness, helping capacity and self-efficacy among the intervention group. These improvements were sustained across multiple follow-up points (1- and 3-months post-intervention). Effect sizes were substantial, indicating a strong impact on the training (Cohen's <i>d</i> ≥ 0.8). The findings highlight the crucial role of PFA training in preparing nursing students to respond effectively to the psychological needs of disaster survivors, ultimately contributing to a more resilient and efficient healthcare workforce.</p>","PeriodicalId":47674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1468-5973.70019","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143112625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adaptive Capacity in a Crisis: Turbulence Managers in Street-Level Organizations","authors":"Gertrud Alirani,&nbsp;Olof Oscarsson,&nbsp;Pär M. Olausson,&nbsp;Erna Danielsson","doi":"10.1111/1468-5973.70017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5973.70017","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study explores the adaptive capacity of managers in street-level organizations (SLOs) in response to global crises. Using a Swedish municipality as a case study, we explore the challenges encountered by managers during the extended COVID-19 pandemic. The abilities required to manage the crisis differ from the challenges and skills typically associated with professional crisis managers. We propose the term ‘turbulence manager’ to describe the unique challenges in SLOs and the skills required to navigate the situation, particularly the delicate balance between crisis management and regular duties. In conclusion, this study emphasizes the crucial role of SLO managers in crisis adaptation, highlighting their ability to mitigate the impact of turbulence by creatively adjusting their existing routines.</p>","PeriodicalId":47674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1468-5973.70017","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143110972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Trivial to Critical. Emergent Interagency Collaboration Through Co-Location of Emergency Call Centrals","authors":"Petter G. Almklov,&nbsp;Stian Antonsen","doi":"10.1111/1468-5973.70015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5973.70015","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper studies the role of day-to-day social interaction among emergency call central operators and its effect on interagency collaboration in emergencies. In 2017 the police, fire and health emergency call centrals in a region in Norway were co-located. This was done largely retaining their formal structures and responsibilities, which follows strict sectorial boundaries. However, the proximity afforded by co-location −placing the centrals in the same building− led to the emergence of informal interactional patterns among the operators. Much of this interaction is seemingly trivial and only loosely connected to resolution of critical tasks. Our study, however, shows that it formed a basis for improved collaboration and development within the centrals. Through an ethnographically oriented normal operations study, our focus is not primarily on the outcomes of spatial proximity during emergencies, rather on the processes leading up to the outcomes: How the foundations emerge for quality in critical moments, how trust was established in the first place, how the involved actors could learn to know what others know, and how a learning-oriented community of practice was developed over time. In interviews, our informants were surprisingly uniform in their positive assessment of the co-location. The main question of the paper is thus not whether the operators were satisfied with the change, but more why, and whether this perceived improvement affected the outcome of their work in terms of emergency response capabilities. The paper thus argues for the importance of the social “undercurrents” evolving over time—the informal, trivial and often organizationally “invisible,” day-to-day interaction that provides the collaborative basis for dealing with critical situations.</p>","PeriodicalId":47674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1468-5973.70015","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143119747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnosing the Barriers Faced by Rural Communities in Building Disaster and Climate Resilience in Zimbabwe","authors":"Louis Nyahunda","doi":"10.1111/1468-5973.70014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5973.70014","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study is poised to explore the barriers faced by rural communities in building disaster and climate resilience. The study was conducted against the backdrop that the frequency and intensity of climate change and its associated extreme weather events and hazards necessitate resilience building for at-risk communities to protect the lives, livelihoods, economic, social and environmental assets. As rural communities endeavour to build resilience against climate change and disasters, they are confronted by a plethora of barriers that make disaster and climate resilience aspirations untenable. The study adopted the qualitative research approach within the exploratory research design. Community members, disaster risk reduction and climate change practitioners and traditional leaders were purposively sampled to share their insights on the subject matter. A total of 32 respondents participated in the study. Focus group discussions and semi-structured interviews were used as data collection methods. Soaring poverty levels, weak and uncoordinated local institutions, recurring exposure to natural hazards and extreme weather events, limited community participation and inequalities emerged as barriers to disaster and climate resilience building in Zimbabwe's rural communities. The study provides nuanced empirical perspectives on barriers to disaster and climate resilience building to propose ways of dealing with them. The study sets pathways for policy reform at national and subnational levels and paradigm shifts where collective or individual efforts, changed ways of thinking, reprioritisation of resources, institutional support and political will can assist at-risk communities overcome the identified barriers.</p>","PeriodicalId":47674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1468-5973.70014","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143119005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Special Issue Editorial: ‘Crisis Management Keystone’","authors":"Yan Jin,&nbsp;Mike Pfarrer,&nbsp;James Carson,&nbsp;Wenqing Zhao","doi":"10.1111/1468-5973.70011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5973.70011","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Written for the ‘Crisis Management Keystone’ special issue by the guest editorial team, this editorial piece provides the background and aim of the special issue and synthesizes the keystone themes emerged from the published articles. It further points out new directions for practitioners and scholars to jointly optimize the crisis management architecture and advance crisis communication leadership globally.</p>","PeriodicalId":47674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management","volume":"32 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1468-5973.70011","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143117873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Value of Centre for Employee Relations and Communication (CERC) for Research and Professional Advancement: Insights From the Pandemic Crisis and Beyond","authors":"Alessandra Mazzei,&nbsp;Alfonsa Butera","doi":"10.1111/1468-5973.70013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5973.70013","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Centre for Employee Relations and Communication (CERC) operating at Università IULM in Italy represents an experience of academia-industry collaboration through a multi-company research group: the Working Group Employee Communication (WG_EC). The article depicts the efforts that the WG_EC has been putting into the specific research area of internal crisis communication over its 15 years of activity. Through a qualitative study involving 13 professionals that were partners of the WG_EC, it also sheds light on the value generated for company partners from the collaboration with the academic experts of CERC during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study also reflects upon the professional and research advancement boosted by the CERC and its WG_EC beyond that specific critical event, and to focus on issues that WG_EC professionals consider particularly relevant for the future.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management","volume":"32 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142861300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sense and Action: Organizational Reactions in Extreme Crisis: A Survey With Brazilian Executives","authors":"Rosileia Milagres,&nbsp;Maria Elisa Brandão Bernardes,&nbsp;Rodrigo Baroni de Carvalho","doi":"10.1111/1468-5973.70010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5973.70010","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The objective of the paper is to analyse the actors' perception regarding how organizational actors lead the reaction of their companies to crises, changing or not their routines accordingly. The paper contributes to enlarging the understanding of crisis management by an original perspective of phenomenon evaluation based on the junction of two literature fields: sensemaking and routines, considering the organizational context that impacts crisis management. A survey of 128 company executives from different industries in Brazil was developed to identify how their companies dealt with the COVID-19 crisis, considering sensemaking, routines and the organizational context. The results unveiled a significant and positive influence of sensemaking and organizational context on the crisis reaction, but not on the deliberated mobilization of the routines, emphasizing improvisation and trial-and-error. The results reinforce fast sensemaking attitudes yielding direct implementation to test the new routines, correcting course of action promptly.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management","volume":"32 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142861198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}