Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management最新文献

{"title":"If We Can't Count Them, We Can't Protect Them: Exploring Policy, Implementation, and Welfare Gaps for Working Animals in Disaster Risk Management","authors":"Lezlie Moriniere,&nbsp;Ambre Caillot,&nbsp;Milan Dinda,&nbsp;Priya Pandey,&nbsp;Franklin Ogwankwa,&nbsp;Mactar Seck,&nbsp;Sher Nawaz,&nbsp;Syed Zahir Ali Shah,&nbsp;Cherinet Abera,&nbsp;Tsegaye Negash,&nbsp;Guizell Box,&nbsp;Gemma Carder","doi":"10.1111/1468-5973.70232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5973.70232","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Working animals are essential to the food and livelihood security and resilience of millions of households living in low- and middle-income countries. Yet, they remain largely invisible in disaster risk management (DRM) policies and data systems. This research presents findings from a formative, participatory study conducted across Ethiopia, India, Kenya, Nicaragua, Pakistan, and Senegal, designed to assess the needs of government and community decision makers regarding the inclusion of animals, particularly equids, in DRM frameworks. Using mixed qualitative methods and policy mapping, evidence revealed that while DRM policies frequently mention animals, references are generic and focus primarily on livestock, with working animals often omitted. Animal welfare policies, meanwhile, rarely address disaster risk beyond diseases the animals may confront. Across all countries an important gap persists: the absence of comprehensive, up-to-date animal census data, especially for working animals. Authorities and communities alike reported that this lack of data undermines preparedness, response, and recovery, confirming it is hard to protect what you cannot count. The study concludes that robust, disaggregated animal census and welfare data are urgently needed to inform effective DRM. We recommend embedding animals more thoroughly in DRM systems, strengthening community-level data collection, and promoting inclusive, data-driven policy reform to ensure that animals—and the communities who depend on them—are not left uncounted or unprotected.</p>","PeriodicalId":47674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management","volume":"34 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1468-5973.70232","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149145593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Managing Legitimacy Crises in Humanitarian Organisations: Strategic Silence, Selective Transparency, and the Refinement of Crisis Communication Theory","authors":"Rilian Agunos","doi":"10.1111/1468-5973.70241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5973.70241","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study examines how humanitarian and development organisations communicate during reputational and legitimacy crises within politically sensitive, donor-dependent environments. It draws on two anonymised cases: an international non-governmental organisation (INGO) and an intergovernmental organisation (IGO), specifically a United Nations agency. The study asks how communication professionals respond to reputational threat under structural constraint, and what those responses reveal about the assumptions embedded in established crisis communication (CC) theory. The design combines systematic autoethnographic reflection on eleven years of practitioner experience with critical discourse analysis (CDA) of practitioner and journalist interviews and media coverage. Three themes are identified: a disconnect between internal and external readings of restraint, strategic silence as a routine stance, and donor-driven framing of organisational language. Image repair theory (IRT), situational crisis communication theory (SCCT), and the internalisation, distribution, explanation, and action (IDEA) model serve as comparators against which specific assumptions are tested, alongside recent SCCT extensions and the contingency theory of strategic conflict management. The findings position strategic silence not as a discovery, since it is already theorised, but as a structurally conditioned default interpreted internally as ethical stewardship and externally as evasion. The study refines CC theory toward legitimacy maintenance and offers guidance for practitioners working under severe constraint.</p>","PeriodicalId":47674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management","volume":"34 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1468-5973.70241","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149146995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of AI Anthropomorphism on Citizens' Willingness for Emergency Co-Production: Evidence From a Survey Experiment","authors":"Yongchao Wu,&nbsp;Yanan Liu,&nbsp;Caijie Lv","doi":"10.1111/1468-5973.70239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5973.70239","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Although AI has garnered considerable attention for optimizing the efficiency of emergency governance, traditional emergency AI primarily focuses on the implementation of technical functions and often engages in human–computer interaction merely as an instrumental tool. It fails to address citizens' psychological perception needs in emergency scenarios by simulating human-like traits, which Alimits its effectiveness in motivating citizens' willingness for emergency co-production. To fully unlock the value of AI in emergency cooperation, this study, centred on post-disaster rescue scenarios, explores how AI anthropomorphism enhances citizens' willingness for emergency co-production. Empirical analysis, conducted via three rounds of randomized survey experiments, reveals that a high degree of AI anthropomorphism can significantly boost citizens' willingness for emergency co-production and this effect is transmitted through the dual pathways of competence trust and emotional trust. Furthermore, technology acceptance moderates the impact of AI anthropomorphism: in contexts where technology acceptance is high, the positive promotional effect of AI anthropomorphism becomes more pronounced. This study breaks free from the traditional instrumental understanding of AI in emergency co-production, reconceptualizes AI as an active interactive agent, extends the Stereotype Content Model to human AI interaction in emergency settings and provides empirical evidence for the digital and intelligent transformation of emergency governance.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management","volume":"34 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149146528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on the Emotional Evolution Mechanism of Online Public Opinion in Emergency Mass Events—Data Simulation Experiment Based on SEIR Model","authors":"Qiong Li,&nbsp;Siqi Fei,&nbsp;Zihao Li,&nbsp;Yuqi Wang","doi":"10.1111/1468-5973.70236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5973.70236","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The interaction between emergency mass incidents and online public opinion may lead to the rapid diffusion of public emotions and the escalation of online public opinion crises. Understanding how emotions evolve and diffuse in such contexts is therefore important for digital government, crisis communication and public opinion governance. Drawing on the SEIR framework, this study develops a modified SEIR-based multi-agent simulation model to examine the mechanisms underlying the evolution and diffusion of online emotions during emergency mass incidents. The model adapts the SEIR framework from biological contagion to emotional diffusion and incorporates government intervention, media-related emotional sources and netizen participation. Using NetLogo, the study compares how changes in population size, netizen activity, emotional resistance, emotional sources and government intervention time are associated with different patterns in the speed, scale and duration of emotional diffusion under specified simulation conditions. The simulation results reveal distinct diffusion trajectories across different parameter settings, including non-linear patterns associated with netizen activity and variations related to the timing of government intervention and emotional-source conditions. The present analysis relies on scenario-defined parameters and focuses on elucidating how emotional diffusion unfolds under varying conditions. Calibration and validation using platform-level data from actual emergency events remain important directions for future research. The study contributes to the understanding of online emotional diffusion by integrating government, media and netizens within a common analytical framework and by identifying mechanisms and governance-relevant propositions for subsequent empirical investigation.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management","volume":"34 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149146624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Taxonomy for Digital Business Continuity Management","authors":"André Diegues Fernandes,&nbsp;Silvia Bogea Gomes,&nbsp;Miguel Grácio,&nbsp;Miguel Mira da Silva,&nbsp;Rúben Pereira","doi":"10.1111/1468-5973.70228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5973.70228","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Business Continuity Management (BCM) research has developed across multiple disciplines without a shared conceptual vocabulary, producing fragmentation that hinders cumulative theory-building and cross-disciplinary dialogue. This study addresses this gap through two complementary contributions. First, a systematic literature review is conducted to map the dispersed BCM literature, identify recurrent ambiguities and analyze how BCM has been conceptualized within Information Systems research, where digitalization pressures are most pronounced. Second, based on the review's findings, the study proposes a taxonomy of Digital Business Continuity Management. The taxonomy organizes BCM into four lifecycle dimensions (Motivation, Preparation, Occurrence Management and Evaluation) and adds a second classificatory axis, the Digital Character of the continuity object, whose four constitutive properties (Systemic Interdependence, Data Centrality, Algorithmic Decision-Making and Distributed Governance) distinguish a digital BCM taxonomy from a generic one. The taxonomy was evaluated through an internal methodological assessment and an expert-based content validation with 12 domain experts, which supported its clarity, comprehensiveness and usefulness (S-CVI/Ave = 0.89). The result provides a structured vocabulary and classification scheme capable of supporting more consistent theoretical development and future empirical research in digitally transformed organizations.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management","volume":"34 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149048275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sceptical Trust: Legitimacy Under Non-Coercive Crisis Governance","authors":"Rógvi Olavson","doi":"10.1111/1468-5973.70235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5973.70235","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Crisis governance increasingly relies on recommendations rather than enforcement, raising a question scholarship has not fully addressed: how is legitimacy sustained when compliance cannot be required? Existing accounts emphasise institutional trust as the key resource. Drawing on Pippa Norris's concept of sceptical trust, this paper identifies and empirically operationalises this pattern—institutional confidence coexisting with critical evaluation of specific measures—in the context of non-coercive crisis governance and argues that legitimacy under such regimes cannot be reduced to trust alone. The empirical setting is the Faroe Islands, a self-governing archipelago that managed COVID-19 almost entirely through recommendations and civic cooperation, with low mortality and high reported satisfaction with the response. The case provides analytical purchase because trust–legitimacy mechanisms should work here if anywhere: institutional trust is high, outcomes are good, and the response was unusually non-coercive even by Nordic standards. Drawing on a retrospective survey conducted 14 months after the pandemic ended, the analysis applies Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and linear regression to eight trust and reasonableness items. Three findings stand out. First, institutional trust and perceived reasonableness of measures were closely associated, particularly among older respondents and those with higher interpersonal trust. Second, a secondary dimension captured the sceptical trust pattern, exhibited by approximately 28% of respondents. Third, Faroese respondents rated all surveyed measures less favourably than the Nordic comparison mean despite reporting high overall satisfaction with the response. Regression analyses indicate an asymmetry between the two dimensions: overall legitimacy was strongly predicted by judgements of proportionality, interpersonal trust, and age, whereas sceptical trust was largely unexplained by the demographic and attitudinal variables in the analysis. Under non-coercive crisis governance, legitimacy appears not simply to be drawn from a stock of accumulated institutional trust but also produced through citizens' continuing evaluations of specific measures. Trust is a necessary but insufficient condition for legitimacy under such regimes.</p>","PeriodicalId":47674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management","volume":"34 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1468-5973.70235","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rhetorical Retreat in Crisis Communication: Conceptualising Subtle Organisational Backtracking","authors":"Md Mehedi Hasan Tomal","doi":"10.1111/1468-5973.70238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5973.70238","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Crisis communication research has extensively explained organisations' visible responses to a crisis—denial, apology, corrective action, compensation and legalistic response—but has paid less attention to what happens to the claims that preceded it: the earlier public commitments organisations later soften, narrow, reframe, or qualify once those claims come under sustained challenge. This article conceptualises that claim-level movement as rhetorical retreat: a modification, occurring once a crisis or paracrisis has rendered an earlier public claim vulnerable, that reduces the claim's original commitment, certainty, scope, responsibility, or evidentiary force, or shifts the meaning it conveyed. Rhetorical retreat is bounded by four explicit conditions and is independent of, and may co-occur with, whatever response strategy an organisation directs at the crisis itself. Using an exploratory qualitative multiple-case design supported by document-based qualitative content analysis, this study applies these conditions across 64 organisational claim episodes spanning product safety, advertising, environmental claims, technology, privacy, pricing, health-related claims and policy controversies. Staged comparison of earlier and later claim wording, guided by abductive, inductive coding, identifies seven recurring retreat types—scope narrowing, reframing, qualification, conditionalisation, disclaimer addition, withdrawal and evidence weakening—forming a graded typology ranging from subtle qualification to outright withdrawal. Organisations most often preserve partial continuity with earlier claims while modifying the terms under which those claims can be understood, defended, or maintained. The article extends crisis communication theory by conceptualising subtle organisational backtracking as a claim-level movement during crises or paracrises that existing frameworks have left unaddressed.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management","volume":"34 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Converging Vocabulary, Diverging Attribution: Resilience Concepts and the Acting Subject in the National Disaster Risk Management Strategies of 25 EU Member States","authors":"Hüseyin Ugur Sagkal","doi":"10.1111/1468-5973.70240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5973.70240","url":null,"abstract":"<p>European disaster risk management has converged on a shared resilience vocabulary faster than on a shared account of who is expected to produce resilience. This article codes 2218 passages from 38 strategic documents in 25 EU member states along two dimensions: resilience type (engineering, ecological, transformative) and governance attribution (state-centric, network-based, community-based). The object of observation is the strategy text, so the findings concern how documents attribute action, not how authority is institutionally distributed. The concept is close to settled: ecological resilience accounts for 84% of passages, and transformative framings for 3%. Attribution is not. It divides almost evenly between public authorities (46%) and cross-sectoral networks (45%), with households, communities and volunteers named as the acting subject in fewer than one passage in 10. National profiles diverge by up to 36 percentage points, from 69% state-centric attribution in Poland to 59% networked in Spain, along lines that cut across familiar institutional groupings. In this corpus, community attribution is about half as frequent where resilience is written into national security rather than civil protection strategies, a descriptive difference between document types that the design does not control for. None of this variation is visible to the 2023 Union Disaster Resilience Goals, whose objectives specify what a system must be able to do but not who within it is expected to act, allowing a member state to report full progress while its own strategy still casts the population as an object of protection rather than a subject of action.</p>","PeriodicalId":47674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management","volume":"34 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1468-5973.70240","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emotion-Driven Digital Firestorms: The Role of Moral Triggers and Influencer Alignment in Cancel Culture Crises","authors":"Nidhi Maheshwari,&nbsp; Harshita,&nbsp;Darpan Tuli,&nbsp;Harshita Chaudhary,&nbsp;Gopika Mangla","doi":"10.1111/1468-5973.70211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5973.70211","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Emotion-driven digital firestorms have become a defining feature of cancel culture crises, where brand reputations are increasingly shaped by morally charged emotions amplified through social media. Drawing on Situational Crisis Communication Theory (SCCT) and Neutralisation Theory, this study examines how moral triggers and influencer alignment shape emotional escalation and post-crisis consumer responses. Focusing on the apparel brands Fabindia and ZARA, a mixed-methods design was employed. BERT-based emotion detection identified anger, disgust, and sadness as the dominant emotional responses, while NLTK-driven thematic analysis revealed that emotional reactions were rooted in broader moral narratives concerning cultural identity, religious symbolism, humanitarian concerns, and ethical responsibility. A factorial experiment involving 500 consumers demonstrated that influencers perceived as highly empathetic and culturally authentic generated significantly higher brand trust, more favourable brand attitudes, and stronger purchase intentions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management","volume":"34 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149206192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geopolitical Risks and Airline Operations: A Qualitative Thematic Synthesis of the Impact of Regional Conflicts on Airline Strategies","authors":"Levent Kaya,&nbsp;Tuğçe Çopur,&nbsp;Mustafa Altintaş","doi":"10.1111/1468-5973.70206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5973.70206","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Geopolitical risks arising from regional conflicts disrupt airline operations in ways that remain underexplored through systematic qualitative methods. This study presents a qualitative thematic synthesis that examines how regional conflicts affect airline operations, safety protocols, financial resilience, and crisis management strategies. A systematic search of the Crossref and OpenAlex databases covering the 2011–2025 period yielded 87 records. After PRISMA-guided screening, 21 studies satisfied the inclusion criteria and were appraised with study-type-appropriate tools: CASP and JBI QARI for qualitative work and the JBI Critical Appraisal Tools for quantitative studies. CERQual was used only to gauge confidence in the qualitative evidence. Braun and Clarke's six-phase thematic analysis yielded five themes: (1) airspace restrictions and route restructuring, (2) operational safety and threat management in conflict zones, (3) financial vulnerability and market volatility, (4) crisis management and organisational resilience and (5) regulatory adaptation and international cooperation. The analysis shows that airlines facing geopolitical disruptions rely on reactive rerouting, intensify crew resource management protocols, suffer measurable capital-market losses, and build adaptive crisis frameworks that lack standardisation across jurisdictions. These results point to a need for embedding geopolitical risk assessment in airline strategic planning and for more harmonised international regulatory responses, with direct implications for air transport policy and management practice.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management","volume":"34 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148615308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}