{"title":"A paradigm shift in crisis management: The nexus of AGI-driven intelligence fusion networks and blockchain trustworthiness","authors":"Yang Yue, Joseph Z. Shyu","doi":"10.1111/1468-5973.12541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5973.12541","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In an era characterized by vast data streams and complex socioeconomic dynamics, the fusion and precise analysis of multi-sourced intelligence has emerged as a pivotal challenge. To address this, the study constructs a sophisticated intelligence fusion network (IFN) architecture leveraging the potential of Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) and the security tenets of blockchain technology. Drawing from diverse fields including informatics, computer science, data analytics, and network security, the research adopts an integrative methodology comprising both a comprehensive literature review and systems analysis. Key findings highlight the prowess of AGI-driven IFNs in enhancing governmental early warning systems for crisis management. These networks underscore a paradigm shift from reactive postevent measures to proactive pre-event forecasting, thus bolstering the efficacy of governmental responses. Moreover, the decentralized nature of blockchain technology ensures data integrity, fostering trust in interdepartmental data sharing—an essential for efficient crisis management in hierarchical administrative structures. This study accentuates the need for redefining crisis management strategies, emphasizing data-driven decision-making and seamless intelligence sharing to ensure optimal outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":47674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139676755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Experts as crisis managers: The case of the Swedish response to the Covid-19 pandemic","authors":"Eva-Karin Olsson Gardell","doi":"10.1111/1468-5973.12540","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5973.12540","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The academic discussion on the role of experts in crisis decision making subject is scattered and diverged. The debate has foremost been connected to the discussion of centralized versus decentralized responses. Inspired by the notion of contingency and Karl Weick, this article explores the role of the Swedish Public Health Agency in coping with the Covid-19 pandemic. One of the key findings from the study is that even if experts might have a better technical understanding, at the same time, they risk getting stuck in identity concerns and previous experiences which result in rigid responses. The study also underlines that it is risky for decision-makers to rely upon one single body of expertise at times when uncertainty is high and there is a lack of solid evidence and knowledge, given the likelihood of fixation and rigidity. Rather, policy makers should encourage a deliberative debate, involving a diversity of experts and expertise.</p>","PeriodicalId":47674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1468-5973.12540","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139676700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Action-time-controlled tabletop gamification improves physician‒nurse collaborative emergency room evacuation training","authors":"Po-Hua Wang, Hung-Chieh Chang, Ming-Yuan Hong, I-Chen Lin, Szu-Yin Chen, Chih-Hsien Chi, Chia-Chang Chuang, Chia-Lung Kao, Chih-Hao Lin","doi":"10.1111/1468-5973.12537","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1468-5973.12537","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article is an example of Lessons from the Field highlighting the practical implementation of a novel time-controlled mechanism in the gamification of emergency department evacuation training via tabletop exercise. Tabletop exercise is one of the most common drill types for disaster preparedness. It is easy to use, effective, and low in cost, but it has some shortcomings. For example, its lack of authenticity is often criticized. We add a time-control mechanism to the tabletop exercise and use settings similar to real events in an attempt to increase the authenticity of the tabletop exercise and the learning effect. We completed a 3-h tabletop gamification of emergency room evacuation, which included a time control mechanism. Medical staff in our emergency department were asked to join this tabletop training. We evaluated the effectiveness of the time-control tabletop exercise through the results of the pretest and posttests and feedback from the participants. A total of 97 emergency medical staff from the Emergency Department of Cheng Kung University Hospital, including 64 nurses, 29 emergency doctors and four nurse practitioners, participated in this tabletop exercise. After experiencing the time-control tabletop exercise, the participants significantly improved their approach to mass casualty incidents, their method for evacuating patients, and their triage skills. The correct answer rate for the pretest and post-test rose from 68.75% to 94.33% with statistically significant. The feedback from the participants also showed that the time-control tabletop exercise was interesting and could increase learning motivation. The time-control mechanism had a positive impact on the learning effect. It increased the reality of tabletop exercises, promoted participants' learning motivation, and improved their performance on the test.</p>","PeriodicalId":47674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139578842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A scoping review: Inquiring into the potency of response source credibility (RSC) towards enhancing crisis response strategies","authors":"Egede Dominion Dominic, Mastura Mahamed, Zulhamri Abdullah, Norliana Binti Hashim","doi":"10.1111/1468-5973.12535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5973.12535","url":null,"abstract":"<p>It is paramount to consider that organizations are not immune to crises. Communicating solutions to the cataclysm is indispensable when the response source is credible. Our article answers recent calls for more research into the efficacy of organizational response source credibility (RSC) during crises and maintaining reputation. RSC (trustworthiness) is one of the indispensable prerequisites for achieving effective result-oriented crisis response strategies and sustaining reputation in times of crisis. This article is a scoping review regarding the potential of RSC on crisis response strategies. The findings from this review raises the awareness of the crisis managers about the relevance of source credibility towards making crisis response effective and maintaining reputation during a crisis situation. This article provides insights to help crisis managers, institutions and policy-makers develop specific effective crisis response strategies using a credible source to boost stakeholders' confidence and maintain a good reputation during an organizational crisis. This article fills the gap in the crisis communication domain concerning the limited amount of information regarding factors that influence the efficacy of crisis response strategies. The originality of this article is validated by the systematic scoping review used.</p>","PeriodicalId":47674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139504574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mehdi Hajilo, Lori Pennington-Gray, Siamak Tahmasbi, Siavash I. Gheshlagh
{"title":"Understanding spatial tourism destination recovery in Iran based on a destination attribute recovery index for COVID-19","authors":"Mehdi Hajilo, Lori Pennington-Gray, Siamak Tahmasbi, Siavash I. Gheshlagh","doi":"10.1111/1468-5973.12536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5973.12536","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Throughout history, the tourism industry has encountered diverse crises, each with its distinct characteristics. While the nature of these crises may evolve, the inevitability of their occurrence persists. Given the unpredictability of such events, understanding recovery factors for tourism destinations becomes crucial for swift recuperation. This study employed a destination recovery measurement model, visualised through Geographic Information System and GeoDA, focusing on Iran's 31 provinces. Indicators including tourism density, capacity, investment, accommodation, employment rate and destination type, in conjunction with COVID-19 cases, were utilised to gauge recovery status. The spatial distribution of the destination recovery index was analysed, revealing nonrandom cluster patterns, affirming that recovery is influenced by specific factors rather than occurring haphazardly. Provinces equipped with higher-factor concentrations demonstrated swifter recovery, while others exhibited less tourism-related prominence. These findings hold significance for stakeholders encompassing tourism managers, policymakers and governments vested in the sustainability of future tourism destinations.</p>","PeriodicalId":47674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139494614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Matthew W. Seeger, William Nowling, Henry S. Seeger
{"title":"Keystone theories of postcrisis discourse: Communication Theory of Resilience and Discourse of Renewal","authors":"Matthew W. Seeger, William Nowling, Henry S. Seeger","doi":"10.1111/1468-5973.12533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5973.12533","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Theories of resilience are keystones for understanding how individuals, small groups, organizations, and communities arrive at collective meaning, resolve uncertainty, and respond to crisis events. In response to a crisis, organizations can pursue three goals: Returning to the prior equilibrium, creating a new equilibrium with new processes and policies, or a combination of the two. Theories of resilience and renewal address these responses. Resilience has been applied in a diverse set of academic fields as well as in public policy discussions and in popular culture. This broad application, however, has resulted in conceptual confusion and conflicting interpretations. We explore the origins of resilience and its characteristics. We then review two discipline-specific postcrisis theories, The Communication Theory of Resilience and Discourse of Renewal. We ask, how can these theories enrich understanding of postcrisis adaptive processes and create for a more comprehensive picture of how individuals and organizations respond to crises? Taken together, they provide a broader framework for understanding the role of postcrisis discourse and informing practitioners in the enactment of responses.</p>","PeriodicalId":47674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139436684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"From panic to banter: How do routine government releases and clarifications cause unexpected public opinion crisis—An analysis of public opinion toward a release by Chinese Ministry of Commerce encouraging the storage of necessities","authors":"Qi Sun, Juan Chen, Shunheng Gao","doi":"10.1111/1468-5973.12530","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5973.12530","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This research explored why a routine government notice caused a series of unexpected public opinion crises. We used K-means clustering and Baidu Application Programming Interface Gateway to analyse 12,478 comments from Sina Weibo on Chinese Ministry of Commerce's release to encourage people to stock up necessities. Results show that even government's routine notice releases are regular events with relatively low objective risk, but in practice, how the government releases information and makes clarification would significantly infect public risk perception and emotion. First, ambiguous government releases magnify existing risks, especially during sensitive times, and resulting in heightened uncertainty, public risk perception and spread of negative emotions, therefore, lead to heated public discussion. Second, timely and effective clarifications can lower public risk perception as well as lead to positive emotions, although public banter may come along and generate another round of online public opinion within a short time. Our work answers why regular events would cause unexpected public opinion from the perspective of government behaviour, illustrates the dynamic interaction between government and online public opinion and can inform public policy aimed at more efficient communication with the public.</p>","PeriodicalId":47674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139436683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Matthew Fifolt, Kathryn J. Corvey, J. Cameron Crosby, Rachael A. Lee, Greer A. Burkholder, Sarah Nafziger
{"title":"Assessing COVID-19 crisis communication and health outcomes based on the Intervention Ladder","authors":"Matthew Fifolt, Kathryn J. Corvey, J. Cameron Crosby, Rachael A. Lee, Greer A. Burkholder, Sarah Nafziger","doi":"10.1111/1468-5973.12534","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5973.12534","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Effective health communication is critically important in times of emergency. From the outset of the COVID-19 pandemic, officials at the University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) delivered health announcements that were timely, transparent, trustworthy and proportional to the crisis. Moreover, each announcement contained one or more messages with guidance corresponding to varying levels of the Intervention Ladder. Our team analysed messages based on the eight levels of the Intervention Ladder and compared health outcomes between UAB employees and residents of Alabama, USA. Results suggested that announcements played an essential role in raising situational awareness about the severity of the pandemic and may have led to greater compliance by the UAB community, as demonstrated through comparative rates of hospitalisation, vaccination and mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":47674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139435306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Building trust in times of crisis: A panel study of the influence of satisfaction with COVID-19 communication and management","authors":"Ali Abdelzadeh, Thomas Sedelius","doi":"10.1111/1468-5973.12531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5973.12531","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study examines the relationship between citizens' satisfaction with government COVID-19 communication and management (SWCCM) and institutional trust. By employing a longitudinal approach, using three-wave panel data from Sweden from 2020 to 2022, the study addresses the current lack of research on the interplay between SWCCM and institutional trust across different stages of a societal crisis like the COVID-19 pandemic. The results show that SWCCM increased slightly over the pandemic period, while trust in institutions slightly decreased. The study also finds that changes in SWCCM predict changes in trust in institutions, suggesting that increased satisfaction with communication and management is associated with increased trust in institutions. Additionally, we find that higher initial levels of SWCCM contribute to a faster decline in trust over time. However, no evidence supports the idea that initial trust in institutions predicts changes in SWCCM. This suggests a unidirectional relationship where SWCCM is a key driver of institutional trust during a crisis. Overall, the study uncovers intriguing dynamics in the relationship between SWCCM and trust over time, and it emphasizes the significance of effective and consistent communication and management in maintaining and boosting public trust during crisis.</p>","PeriodicalId":47674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1468-5973.12531","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139435307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Higher education crisis: Academic misconduct with generative AI","authors":"NaYoung Song","doi":"10.1111/1468-5973.12532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5973.12532","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Higher educational institutions (HEIs) are facing a significant challenge in maintaining academic integrity due to the technological integration of generative artificial intelligence (AI). The widespread use of AI tools by college students has resulted in an increase in plagiarism and cheating, highlighting the need for effective implementation of this technology. However, there is a lack of research on the best practices for using AI in academic settings. HEIs must take responsibility for addressing these issues, as the majority of institutions do not have formal guidelines for AI use, leading to confusion among students and instructors. To combat academic misconduct, HEIs should establish clear objectives and policies for the equitable, inclusive, and ethical use of AI. Improving AI literacy among students and faculty is crucial, as it ensures that everyone has equal access to technology, preventing a digital divide. Moreover, proactive education on the ethical use of AI is vital for HEIs to prepare students for the AI-driven future of education and maintain academic integrity.</p>","PeriodicalId":47674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139406919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}