Gesundheitswesen最新文献

{"title":"[Adverse Effects in Implementation Research: Safety and System Impacts in German Innovation Fund Projects].","authors":"Afschin Gandjour","doi":"10.1055/a-2918-6488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2918-6488","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>For transfer decisions concerning Innovation Fund projects into routine care, evidence of effectiveness alone is often insufficient, because unintended consequences and system-level effects may also be decision-relevant. This study aimed to systematically characterize the extent to which harms and balancing measures were defined, measured, and reported in completed Innovation Fund projects that received a positive recommendation for transfer to routine care.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a cross-sectional document analysis of completed Innovation Fund projects with a positive transfer recommendation (cut-off date 9 January 2026; n=28). Final outcome and evaluation reports were coded using a three-tier harms/balancing template: Tier 1 (safety), Tier 2 (rights/access/trust/equity), and Tier 3 (feasibility/resources). We assessed reporting status (yes/no/not applicable), reporting quality (RQ 0-2), and the practical relevance of potential negative effects or trade-offs (M 1-3/unclear); results were analysed descriptively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seventeen of 28 projects used randomized designs, including seven cluster or stepped-wedge cluster randomized controlled trials offering a potentially stronger basis for causal assessment of harms; 11/28 were non-randomized. Information on the definition and/or surveillance of safety-relevant events was missing in 4/28 projects (RESIST, PROMPt, ZSE-DUO, TRANSLATE-NAMSE). Harms and balancing domains were frequently addressed overall; however, reporting quality varied substantially across projects and domains.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The transfer-recommended project corpus shows a methodologically strong evidence base, yet uncertainties relevant to scaling decisions remain with respect to harms and balancing measures. Future funding and transfer decisions should require a mandatory core set of harms/balancing indicators, including defined surveillance and incident-reporting processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":47653,"journal":{"name":"Gesundheitswesen","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148971541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Increased risk of overweight and obesity in the rural population in Germany: results of a secondary data analysis of the GEDA 2019/2020-EHIS study].","authors":"Lena Isabell Mertink, Christian Weidmann","doi":"10.1055/a-2904-5141","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2904-5141","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Studies from high-income industrialised nations show that the rural population is usually more affected by overweight and obesity than the urban population, which results in an increased need for preventive strategies. As only a few spatial analyses are available for Germany, the aim of this study was to describe urban-rural differences and to identify possible explanatory factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a secondary data analysis, the representative data from the GEDA 2019/2020 EHIS study were analysed. First, a bivariate analysis was conducted to compare the prevalences of overweight and obesity in urban and rural regions. Multinomial logistic regression models were then used to estimate the associations between rurality and the odds of overweight and obesity, adjusting for various known factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The bivariate analysis showed a statistically significant correlation between the urbanisation of the place of residence and the prevalence of overweight and obesity. Rural regions were particularly affected, with prevalence rates of 36.6% (overweight) and 22.2% (obesity). The odds were significantly higher in these regions compared to large cities (OR=1.43 for overweight and OR=1.71 for obesity; p<0.001). Although these differences were reduced after adjusting for socio-demographic, socio-economic, and dietary factors as well as physical activity, they remained statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The rural population in Germany is more likely to be overweight or obese. This correlation cannot be solely explained by the age structure or socio-economic status in rural regions. These findings suggest a potential need for targeted prevention and health promotion strategies for the rural population, which should be further explored in longitudinal studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":47653,"journal":{"name":"Gesundheitswesen","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148388025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potentials for improving the healthcare for young people with post-COVID-19 syndrome: Analysis of stakeholder workshops on the model project Post-COVID Kids Bavaria.","authors":"Mara Linnea König, Maja Pawellek, Chiara Rathgeb, Uta Behrends, Michael Kabesch, Christian Apfelbacher, Susanne Brandstetter","doi":"10.1055/a-2846-4412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2846-4412","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The model project \"Post-COVID Kids Bavaria\" aimed to provide comprehensive healthcare care for children and young people (CYP) with post-COVID-19 syndrome (PCS). The multi-method evaluation included stakeholder workshops with CYP and their parents as well as healthcare providers.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study was to collaboratively evaluate the care provided in the model project and to identify potential areas for improving care.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Three online workshops were conducted, each lasting two hours, with a total of 26 participants (3 CYP, 10 parents, 13 healthcare providers). The workshops followed the methodology of \"future workshops\", including distinct phases: preparation, critique, fantasy and implementation. Results were documented using digital padlets and detailed written minutes. The data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CYP with PCS, their parents and healthcare professionals expressed needs for improvement regarding the scope of the diagnostic process, knowledge of healthcare professionals, patient information and communication, access to and continuity of healthcare, effective therapies, social participation and education as well as financial, legal and structural conditions. CYP and their parents additionally pointed to the importance of centralized healthcare coordination. Healthcare professionals addressed potential improvements through digital solutions and increased cooperation between the outpatient and inpatient sectors, as well as between stakeholders in education and medicine. Specific ideas were developed concerning access to healthcare (e. g., map of healthcare services), continuity of healthcare (e. g. training and certification), quality of healthcare and patient/layperson education (information materials, also on complex topics).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The participants reported that the model project had facilitated access to diagnosis and specialized healthcare for CYP with PCS. However, need for healthcare improvement was perceived on different levels, among others regarding access to healthcare. The issues raised by CYP/ their parents partly differed from those of healthcare professionals; sometimes they complemented each other. Some workshops yielded solutions that should be taken into account when planning future care for CYP affected by PCS.</p>","PeriodicalId":47653,"journal":{"name":"Gesundheitswesen","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148971687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical activity and exercise in clinical practice guidelines in Germany: systematic document analysis.","authors":"Lars Gabrys, Stefan Peters, Christian Thiel, Andrea Schaller","doi":"10.1055/a-2925-4082","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2925-4082","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In numerous chronic conditions, the positive effects of physical activity and exercise on health and health-related quality of life are beyond discussion. Thereby, a clear distinction must be made between physical activity, exercise therapy, and training. Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) aim to provide evidence- and/or consensus-based decision-making frameworks within the context of healthcare. To date, however, it remains unclear how exercise, physical training, and movement-based health care services are addressed in German CPGs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic document analysis was conducted of all available German CPGs on chronic conditions for which positive or at least inconclusive evidence regarding the effectiveness of physical activity was available. The present study examined the presentation of indication-specific evidence regarding physical activity, general recommendations on physical activity, recommendations on specific healthcare services, the involvement of professional associations with physical activity expertise, and information on indication-specific training recommendations (FITT principle: frequency, intensity, time, and type of exercise).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 79 CPGs on chronic conditions with positive evidence for physical activity and 15 CPGs with unclear evidence were included in the analysis. Indication-specific evidence regarding physical activity was reported in 65 CPGs (82%) referring to indications with positive evidence for physical activity and exercise and 12 (80%) on CPGs that referred to indications with unclear evidence. Recommendations on specific movement-based healthcare services were reported in 40 (51%) and 4 (27%) of CPGs, respectively. Complete training-specific recommendations in accordance with the FITT criteria were reported in 18 (23%) and 2 (13%) CPGs. Professional associations with physical activity expertise were involved in the development of 36 (46%) CPGs with positive evidence and 2 (13%) CPGs with unclear evidence for physical activity.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Despite the well-documented health benefits of physical activity and exercise for chronic conditions, they have not yet been sufficiently integrated into relevant CPGs. This results in a relevant gap in healthcare provision and a reduction in the quality of care within the healthcare system. Consequently, expertise in physical activity and exercise should always be systematically integrated into the development of CPGs and physical activity-related healthcare services should be specifically promoted and expanded.</p>","PeriodicalId":47653,"journal":{"name":"Gesundheitswesen","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148670878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Patient, self-help and public participation in committees: an exploratory overview at federal level].","authors":"Daniela Rojatz","doi":"10.1055/a-2925-3210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2925-3210","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Patient, self-help and public participation is an approach to making decision-making processes more transparent, increasing acceptance, enabling health policy measures to be more tailored to needs, and strengthening trust in decisions. The WHO recommends regular and meaningful participation. An earlier study showed that committee participation was one of the more frequently used methods of participation in Austria. Based on research conducted on committees of the Ministry of Health, an investigation was carried out to determine which committees at federal level and at the national public health institute included representatives of organised public groups and/or ombudsmen representing population groups (e. g., patients, people with disabilities). Of the 105 committees examined, 44 were found to have membership from organised public bodies and/or ombudsmen. The question of meaningful participation cannot be limited to participation in a single committee, but must be seen in the overall context of the respective opinion-forming and decision-making process.</p>","PeriodicalId":47653,"journal":{"name":"Gesundheitswesen","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148921335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climate Protection and Climate Change Adaptation in Residential and Nursing Homes: Perspectives and Fields of Action from Expert Interviews.","authors":"Romana Beyer, Thomas E Dorner, Christina Fastl, Thomas Wochele-Thoma","doi":"10.1055/a-2886-3048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2886-3048","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Climate change is increasingly affecting the health of vulnerable population groups, particularly older adults living in residential and nursing homes. Heat, extreme weather events, air pollution, altered allergen exposure and other climate-related factors increase the risk of dehydration, cardiovascular diseases, infections, psychological strain and social isolation. At the same time, the health sector itself is a significant emitter of carbon dioxide (CO₂) and is particularly vulnerable due to demographic changes and rising care needs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Interviews with experts from residential and nursing homes were conducted and analysed regarding their content. The aim was to identify fields of action at the interface of climate protection and health promotion, to analyse synergies between environmental and health objectives, and to derive practice-oriented recommendations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The interviews show that residential and nursing homes have gained initial experience with climate protection and climate change adaptation, for example through energy-efficient measures, sustainable dietary practices, ecological cleaning agents and climate-control devices. Future challenges include limited financial resources, shortages of skilled staff, high workload, insufficient medical care, as well as the implementation of waste reduction, reusable systems and digital solutions. Structural adaptations such as sun protection, cooling, greening and heat emergency plans are considered essential for the well-being of residents and the relief of staff. Health professionals, particularly nurses, therapists and dieticians, play a key role as multipliers by raising awareness, supporting residents and implementing strategies in everyday practice.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Integrated climate and health management in residential and nursing homes can reduce exposure to climate-related risks, promote the health of residents and staff, and decrease the CO₂ footprint. Prioritised, strategically anchored measures, continuous monitoring and targeted training strengthen resilience and equity of opportunity. Residential and nursing homes can thus serve as a central lever for realising synergies between climate protection, health promotion and social responsibility.</p>","PeriodicalId":47653,"journal":{"name":"Gesundheitswesen","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148921353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Family-based obesity prevention - Process evaluation of a Motivational Interviewing Intervention in a Deprived Neighborhood].","authors":"Tilman Brand, Marie Lisanne Schepan, Wolfgang Ahrens, Elisabeth Rataj, Heide Busse, Thomas Altgeld, Hajo Zeeb, Jess Haines","doi":"10.1055/a-2918-7015","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2918-7015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Families are an important setting for the prevention of childhood overweight and obesity, as they are one of the key places where healthy behaviors are learned and reinforced. However, involving families in prevention programs, especially those affected by social disadvantage, has proved to be difficult.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate the implementation process of a family-based motivational interviewing intervention to promote healthy weight development in a socially disadvantaged neighborhood.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study included families with at least one child aged 3 to 10, at least 50% of whom were expected to meet one or more of the following criteria for social disadvantage: (i) immigrant background, (ii) low educational attainment, (iii) social isolation, (iv) single-parent household, and (v) financial difficulties. The process evaluation included the analysis of household questionnaires (n=23), intervention logbooks (n=82 visits) and feedback questionnaires (n=14), qualitative interviews with the intervention staff (n=3) and focus group discussions with the participating parents (n=10) and stakeholders (n=9).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 23 families with 33 children participated in the intervention, 20 of which were demonstrated at least one indicator of social disadvantage. Nineteen of the 23 families completed the intervention and reported a high level of satisfaction in the feedback questionnaires. The outreach approach was perceived by the intervention staff and families as an important method for minimizing dropouts during the intervention. Stakeholders and intervention staff identified reaching families and overcoming language barriers as key challenges.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The outreach approach and flexibility of the intervention were rated very positively by the participating families and professionals. Future research should focus on how motivational interviewing can be applied in accordance with the methodology despite existing language barriers.</p>","PeriodicalId":47653,"journal":{"name":"Gesundheitswesen","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148649451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Empowerment of Peer support with a Co-Creative Approach and its Effects on the Health and Quality of Life of Caregiving Parents: A Prospective, Longitudinal, Social Medicine Multi-Centre Study].","authors":"Astrid Herold-Majumdar, Michael Bromba","doi":"10.1055/a-2935-5299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2935-5299","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Parents and family carers (pA) of children/adolescents with increased support or care needs due to disability or chronic illness experience significant stress and have elevated health risks. PA organise and support each other in peer support groups. There is a need for research to demonstrate the effects of peer support on self-reported health (SH) and quality of life (QoL).</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>In a prospective, interdisciplinary intervention study, the longitudinal effects of co-creative peer support on pA's SH and QoL were examined in caring communities throughout Germany (multi-centre approach).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Long-term observation statistically demonstrated improved SH, especially among single caregiving parents, and improved QoL among part-time employed pA in the intervention group.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The strengthening of peer support among pA holds significant social medicine and economic importance. Self-assessed health is a predictor of morbidity and mortality and is closely linked to the child's health and healthy development. Co-creative methods in peer support have substantial potential to empower pA in terms of health promotion and improving QoL. Given the small sample size, the results should be interpreted cautiously and should be further validated by subsequent studies involving larger populations observed over a longer period.</p>","PeriodicalId":47653,"journal":{"name":"Gesundheitswesen","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148907577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Hot spot Vienna: Heat perception and protection behavior of senior citizens].","authors":"Hutter Hans-Peter, Eder Renate, Weitensfelder Lisbeth, Lemmerer Kathrin, Wallner Peter, Kolland Franz, Wanka Anna, Arnberger Arne","doi":"10.1055/a-2894-0587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2894-0587","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Residents of urban heat islands, particularly older adults, experience significant health impacts during heat waves. In the context of ongoing climate and demographic change, the development and implementation of adaptation strategies are essential. Thus we investigated applied adaptation strategies by senior citizens.</p><p><strong>Methods and materials: </strong>Four types of research areas were defined based on socio-economic factors and amount of greenery. From September to November 2011, a total of 901 individuals were surveyed on heat-related issues across four study areas in Vienna. Face-to-face interviews were carried out with residents of senior citizens' homes (≥65 years; n=200), while telephone interviews were conducted with older adults in private homes (≥65 years; n=401) and a control group (18-55 years; n=300). Additional expert interviews were conducted to identify discrepancies between recommended heat-protective behaviours and the actual practices. In a second wave two years later, older residents living in urban heat islands (≥65 years; n=200) in socio-economically advantaged and disadvantaged Viennese areas were asked regarding heat symptoms and protection measures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The most common effects of heat, regardless of age, were fatigue and sleep disturbances. While physical measures in hot weather such as drinking more fluids were taken regardless of symptoms, indoor measures increased with increasing heat-related symptoms. Outdoor strategies were used more frequently when symptoms were less severe. Overall, 70% of residents in senior citizens' homes, 66% in private households and 54% of the control group stayed mainly indoors during hot weather. In heat islands, 80% of respondents rated their homes as hot to extremely hot during a heatwave, with residents of socio-economically disadvantaged districts reporting more heat-related complaints.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusions: </strong>Older adults who have difficulty adapting to heat are at greater risk not only for health problems but also for social isolation. Individuals most impacted by the heat tend to retreat from public spaces and stay more indoors. While this may provide some relief if it is cooler indoors, it also increases the risk of social isolation, which in turn heightens vulnerability during heat waves. Creating heat-resilient residential areas and neighbourhoods is a vital public health challenge to reduce health inequalities among older populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":47653,"journal":{"name":"Gesundheitswesen","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148907588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Good Practice Secondary Data Analysis: Guidelines and Recommendations, Version 4].","authors":"E Swart, M Alibone, J Epping, T G Grobe, F Hoffmann, D Horenkamp-Sonntag, P Ihle, S March, A Rommel, C Stallmann, F Tesch, H Gothe","doi":"10.1055/a-2904-1788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2904-1788","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>The Good Practice Guidelines (GPS) for Secondary Data Analysis were first published in 2005. Following a further revision in 2025, Version 4 is now being released. The revision of the GPS was carried out by the Working Group on the Collection and Use of Secondary Data (AGENS) of the German Society for Social Medicine and Prevention (DGSMP) and the German Society for Epidemiology (DGEpi), as well as the Working Group on the Validation and Linkage of Secondary Data of the German Network for Health Services Research (DNVF).</p><p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Compared to the previous version, in addition to clarifications and updates to the content, some recommendations have also been added. These include recommendations on the study population (recommendation 3.3), analysis strategy (3.6), registration (3.8), the interaction between data analysis, clinical expertise, and the patient perspective (5.3), data dictionary (6.8), interim analyses (7.3), distributed computing (7.4), documentation of analysis steps (7.6), use of pooled data and analyses of data distributed across different locations (8.12), legal framework (9.1), and scientific communication (11.4).</p><p><strong>Abstract: </strong>The GPS establish a standard for conducting secondary data analyses in accordance with scientific principles. It specifically complements other good practice guidelines and reporting standards in the fields of epidemiology and health services research (GEP, Good Practice Data Linkage, STROSA reporting standard). The GPS is intended as a guideline for the planning, conducting, and analysis of studies based on secondary data, in accordance with current legal frameworks. Specific study conditions and the specific characteristics of certain data may necessitate deviations from the GPS recommendations, provided such deviations are justified.</p><p><strong>Abstract: </strong>The GPS is intended for all researchers who use scientific methods to study, analyze and interpret secondary data. The GPS focus on health-related data in Germany, i. e., typically healthcare-related data such as routine data from statutory health, long-term care, pension, and accident insurance (social data), outpatient and inpatient care facilities, and registry data.</p>","PeriodicalId":47653,"journal":{"name":"Gesundheitswesen","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148907568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}