Materialia最新文献

{"title":"On the evolution of internal stresses and glide resistance during Bauschinger tests performed on a γ(TiAl) alloy","authors":"Jonathan D.H. Paul,&nbsp;Roland Hoppe,&nbsp;Michael Oehring,&nbsp;Fritz Appel","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2025.102398","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2025.102398","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bauschinger tests performed on a γ(TiAl) alloy exhibit transient softening. Reversal of the strain path leads to a sharp drop in the yield stress, which then rises again to almost the value of non-predeformed specimens [1]. The present paper provides new data that may elucidate the phenomenon. The internal stress was measured by dip tests along the strain path involving (forward) compression and (backward) tension. In addition, the dislocation glide resistance was characterized by stress relaxation tests. Accordingly, the flow behaviour during the Bauschinger test is determined by the development of an internal stress field during forward compression, which upon strain reversal is inverted and then supports backward tension. At the same time, the dislocation glide resistance is significantly reduced. This behaviour is explained using literature on deformation processes in TiAl alloys.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 102398"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143851995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The sulfur embrittlement in Ni-Al-Re model single crystal alloys: Sulfur-induced precipitation of Rhenium-rich δ phase","authors":"Qianjin Yang ,&nbsp;Zhiqiang Zhou ,&nbsp;Pan Xie ,&nbsp;Shuang He ,&nbsp;Libo Fu ,&nbsp;Yunsong Zhao ,&nbsp;Ze Zhang ,&nbsp;Cuilan Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2025.102399","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2025.102399","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The impurity sulfur embrittlement of Ni-based single alloys has long been wrapped in mystery. In this work, we report for the first time the sulfur-induced precipitation of brittle rhenium-rich δ phase in a model Ni-based single alloy. The results showed that the addition of sulfur gave rise to the precipitation of rhenium-rich δ phase with hexagonal close-packed (HCP) crystal structure in the dendritic cores. Besides, the enrichment of sulfur and nickel elements were detected in the δ phase. The behavior of sulfur-induced precipitation of δ phase was rationalized by the first-principles calculations, which indicates that there is a strong bonding interaction between sulfur and rhenium atoms. This work provides a novel perspective on the understanding of the sulfur embrittlement in Ni-based single alloys.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 102399"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143724672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atomic scale characterization of precipitates in an Al-Si-Mg alloy containing excess Si and trace amounts of Cu","authors":"Seyed Moien Faregh ,&nbsp;Daniel Larouche ,&nbsp;X. Grant Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2025.102396","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2025.102396","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The precipitation kinetics of a foundry Al-Si-Mg-(Cu) alloy containing excess Si and impurity levels of Cu were investigated on the atomic scale. A combination of APT, STEM and DSC analysis was used to characterize the evolution of chemical composition and crystal structure of the precipitates during artificial aging. It was observed that even at trace levels (0.02 wt. %), Cu has the capability to alter the precipitation sequence of the Al-Si-Mg alloy, where instead of pure <em>β</em>″, hybrid phases containing unit cells of <em>β</em>″, B′ and Q′ form during age hardening of the alloy in large number densities. APT investigation confirmed the incorporation of Cu in precipitates during peak-aging and its enrichment to maximum values during over-aging. Observance of more Q′ unit cells in the hybrid phases after over-aging was related to this Cu enrichment. Coarse Cu-free U1 phases nucleating predominantly on grain-boundaries were observed in the over-aged condition. Interfacial energies were calculated to explain the large number densities of the hybrid B′/Q′ precipitates and coarsening of the U1 phases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 102396"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143814815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Grain growth simulation of steels during heat treatment with statistically modeled discrete neighborhood","authors":"Marc Laub ,&nbsp;Eric Detemple ,&nbsp;Sebastian Scholl ,&nbsp;Christian Motz","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2025.102391","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2025.102391","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A new grain growth model is proposed that extends classical mean-field models to include the local neighborhood of grains. The theoretical basis of the approach is the equilibrium angle of grain boundaries at triple junctions, which is estimated to be 120°considering 2 dimensions, in the case of isotropic grain boundary energy. Based on this fact and a size comparison of individual grains, an algorithm is developed that assigns a discrete neighborhood relationship to all grains, resulting in the generation of an artificial microstructure. For validation, samples of a CMn steel were examined in different states after heat treatments and the microstructure was characterized using deep learning approaches to extract grain boundaries from etched samples with excellent statistics and reliability. The properties and statistical characteristics of the artificial and real microstructures are presented and compared. It is shown that simple topological approaches, such as the linear relationship between the number of grain neighbors and the relative grain size, are good only in a first approximation, but collapse in detail. The proposed model is able to resemble these small deviations of a real microstructure from topological models. Furthermore, the grain growth behavior of such an artificial microstructure is compared with real grain growth experiments. The comparison shows that by implementing the discrete neighborhood of grains, behaviors such as abnormal grain growth seem to be covered to a certain extent without additional treatment as required in other models.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 102391"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143687956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative study on quarry waste, manufactured sand, quarry dust as river sand replacement in cement mortar: Mechanical characteristics, durability, and eco-benefit","authors":"Mathurshika Pakkiyachandran,&nbsp;Navaratnarajah Sathiparan","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2025.102395","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2025.102395","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Masonry construction, a time-tested method, remains relevant due to its exceptional durability, strength, fire resistance, and low maintenance requirements. However, conventional practices often rely on river sand, a resource with environmental drawbacks like disrupted ecosystems and riverbed depletion. This research investigates the potential of quarry waste, manufactured sand (M-sand), and quarry dust as sustainable replacements for river sand in cement mortar. The study analyzes the impact of these alternatives on the hardened mortar's physical, mechanical, and durability properties. The results indicate that quarry waste exhibits improved water absorption and strength compared to river sand mortar, albeit with slightly reduced durability and increased density. M-sand offers lower water absorption and enhanced durability but marginally lower strength. Quarry dust, while reducing embodied energy and CO₂ emissions significantly, performs poorly in strength and durability. Quarry waste substantially reduces energy consumption and CO₂ emissions while maintaining acceptable strength and durability. Utilizing quarry by-products, M-sand, or a combination of these alternatives can minimize environmental damage caused by river sand extraction. Quarry waste is a promising option due to its improved strength, durability, and lower environmental impact than conventional river sand.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 102395"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143683608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Behavior of Al-Al2O3 metal/ceramic multilayers under indentation and shock loadings","authors":"R. Goswami ,&nbsp;C.S. Pande ,&nbsp;A. Moser ,&nbsp;J.A. Wollmershauser","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2025.102394","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2025.102394","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Multilayers made of soft metallic and hard ceramic layers exhibit higher strength and toughness. Here we demonstrate a significantly high hardness when the individual layer thickness is well below 100nm. Nanoindentation measurements show significantly greater, 13-fold, enhancement of hardness with the decrease in layered thickness. A deviation from Hall-Petch relationship was observed as the layer thickness decreases to 10 nm, suggesting grain boundary sliding mechanism would be operative. We demonstrate the multilayered structures absorb more energy under shock deformation than the nonlayered structures with similar areal densities, making the layered structures more efficient than their bulk counterparts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 102394"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143683610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Si concentration on the liquid metal embrittlement susceptibility of advanced high strength steels","authors":"Fateme Abdiyan ,&nbsp;Joseph R. McDermid ,&nbsp;Andrew Macwan ,&nbsp;Bita Pourbahari ,&nbsp;Mirnaly Saenz de Miera ,&nbsp;Brian Langelier ,&nbsp;Hatem S. Zurob","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2025.102390","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2025.102390","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Resistance spot welding (RSW) trials were performed on electrogalvanized steel sheets with 0.6 and 1.5 wt% Si. It was shown that LME cracks were longer in the 1.5Si alloy. Moreover, Atom Probe Tomography (APT) in the vicinity of the crack tips revealed (i) an accumulation of Si at the solid/liquid interface due to the low solubility of Si in the Zn-based liquid and (ii) greater Zn diffusion from the liquid into the bulk steel substrate on either side of the crack for the 0.6Si alloy. Diffusion simulations indicated that a longer time is needed for the solidification of the Zn-based liquid in the 1.5Si alloy compared with the 0.6Si alloy, further suggesting a prolonged period of contact between the aggressive Zn-based liquid and substrate grain boundaries in the case of the 1.5Si alloy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 102390"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143683611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benchmarking advanced multiphase field modeling of Inconel 625 in additive manufacturing: Correlating powder bed fusion with dendrite growth and crack formation","authors":"Roya Darabi ,&nbsp;João Pedro Oliveira ,&nbsp;Narguess Nemati ,&nbsp;Ana Reis ,&nbsp;Jose Cesar de Sá","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2025.102384","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2025.102384","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study provides a comprehensive thermomechanical simulation framework and mapping for the Powder Bed Fusion (PBF) process, with a primary focus on melt pool characterization. It also correlates the cooling behavior to the dendrite growth and some induced imperfections, such as crack evolution that stem from segregation at the grain boundaries. Utilizing the Allen-Cahn phase field formulation combined with an elastoplastic material model based on J2 plasticity, simulations are conducted within the finite element structure of the Multi-physics Object-Oriented Simulation Environment (MOOSE). An adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) strategy ensures precise modeling of the solidification front and powder melting during the interaction between the laser heat source and the powder. Key insights are gained from simulations of Inconel 625 thin plates and benchmarks, exploring the effects of temperature and phase changes on melt pool dimensions. A multi-application framework is developed to automatically transfer the temperature and cooling rate behavior of a representative part to the solidification application. The research addresses critical challenges in PBF, such as liquation cracking, and introduces a novel approach for information transfer between parent and child models, particularly for dendrite growth in a surrogate Ni–Nb–Al ternary system. This transfer incorporates solidification data, including temperature gradients and cooling velocities, enabling detailed predictions of low melting phase-induced liquation cracks. Experimental validation through single-track laser melting on Inconel 625 demonstrates reasonable alignment between melt pool dimensions obtained from simulations and experiments under various laser power and scan speed conditions. Additional phase-field simulations predict microstructural segregation and cellular features along melt pool boundaries under changing solidification dynamics, further enriched by the first phase-field model at the melt pool scale. By integrating computational modeling, experimental validation, and multiscale analysis, this work advances the understanding of PBF processes and additive manufacturing, offering insights into melt pool behavior, defect mitigation, and microstructure development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 102384"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143637217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-temperature structural instability of 12 % Cr ferritic–martensitic steel irradiated to 53 dpa in the BN-350 fast reactor","authors":"K.V. Tsay ,&nbsp;D.A. Merezhko ,&nbsp;Y.R. Kim ,&nbsp;M.S. Merezhko","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2025.102393","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2025.102393","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The EP-450 duplex ferritic/martensitic steel (material of an fuel assemblies’ wrapper) was found to suffer from radiation-induced recovery and recrystallization during long-term irradiation (to 53 dpa) with neutrons in the BN-350 reactor at a much lower temperature (410 °C) than tempering ones. This resulted in the structural instability of the phase composition of the steel, involving a decrease in the tempered martensite fraction and the growth of ferritic grains. The microstructure of irradiated steel showed coarsening martensitic laths and the growth of sub-grains, as well as the appearance of coarse ferrite grains with quasi-equilibrium Y-junctions. The driving force of the processes of recovery and recrystallization was the more stressed and defective condition of the TM. Structural rearrangement in steel was performed due to a mass migration of sub-boundaries and sub-grain coalescence, which might be facilitated under irradiation by the presence of fluxes of point defects and a high mobility of dislocations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 102393"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143683612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strain-induced precipitation behavior of V microalloyed high manganese steel","authors":"Yu-chen Li,&nbsp;Ji-guang Li,&nbsp;Da-zheng Zhang,&nbsp;Qi-hang Pang","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2025.102392","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2025.102392","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines the isothermal precipitation behavior of V(C,N) in V-containing high manganese steel through stress relaxation experiments and TEM analysis. By comparing experimental and theoretical PTT curves, it is shown that deformation shifts the curves left due to stored energy. For 0.1V steel, the PTT curve displays a \"C\" shape with a nose temperature of 830°C and a minimum incubation time of 4.2 s. In 0.2V steel, a \"double-C\" shape emerges, reflecting N-rich and C-rich V(C,N) precipitation. Grain boundaries dominate nucleation, but decreasing temperature increases the driving force, enabling dislocation and rare homogeneous nucleation. Higher V content accelerates precipitation kinetics, yielding more and larger precipitates, enhancing the precipitation potential under similar deformation conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 102392"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143643684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}