IF 3

Materialia Pub Date : 2024-11-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102281

{"title":"Rapid biofabrication of cell-free, anisotropic collagen tissues using a novel horizontal shear flow technique","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102281","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102281","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ultrastructure and organisation of collagen fibres is essential to tissue function, due to the loadbearing properties of collagen. Current techniques used to create aligned collagen tissue equivalents use the contractile ability of cells to remodel and align collagen fibres or utilise highly specialised pieces of equipment. The aim of this study is to develop a novel and rapid method to produce acellular aligned collagen sheets by combining horizontal shear flow (HSFlow) and the established RAFT method to remove excess fluid from a hydrogel.</div><div>Force applied to the gel during the HSFlow process was measured to allow replication of the method. Quantification of fibres and cellular alignment revealed a significant difference between HSFlow and control samples, where both cells and collagen fibres showed alignment in the direction of shear flow, compared to the randomly aligned RAFT controls. Mechanical properties were also measured and revealed that HSFlow does not appear to improve the strength of the constructs despite the improved alignment, therefore further optimisation is needed to strengthen the constructs.</div><div>In conclusion, we developed a novel and rapid technique to generate flat sheets of aligned collagen without relying on the contractile ability of cells to rearrange collagen fibres. This rapid method has potential to be used in the fabrication of a scaffold to mimic anisotropic tissues for regenerative medicine.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142573444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Biomimetic apatites functionalized with antioxidant phytotherapeutics: The case of chlorogenic and sinapic phenolic compounds 具有抗氧化植物疗法功能的仿生磷灰石：绿原酸和山奈酚化合物的案例

IF 3

Materialia Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102271

{"title":"Biomimetic apatites functionalized with antioxidant phytotherapeutics: The case of chlorogenic and sinapic phenolic compounds","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102271","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102271","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Synthetic bone-like apatites (i.e. biomimetic apatites) increasingly attract attention in the field of bone substitutes due to their similarity to natural bone mineral and their intrinsic surface reactivity, as opposed to conventional hydroxyapatite. Associations with a range of bioactive species can be a way to further tailor their properties after implantation. In the present work, we have focused on the preparation of hybrid materials combining biomimetic apatites, doped or not with antibacterial Ag<sup>+</sup> ions for added antimicrobial pertinence, and two biophenolic compounds, namely chlorogenic acid (CA) and sinapic acid (SA). Using complementary characterization techniques, especially FTIR and Raman spectroscopies, as well as Monte Carlo computational simulations, we elucidate the possible interaction between such biophenolic molecules and apatite. The follow-up of isotherms of adsorption also pointed out the quantitative sorption of CA and SA onto biomimetic apatites, potentially up to larger extents than reported so far in the literature for apatitic substrates. Finally, antioxidant properties of prepared hybrids were measured via free radical scavenging tests using DPPH as reactant, showing that the studied phytotherapeutic agents retained antioxidant properties after the adsorption process. This work thus evidences that bone-like apatites can be quantitatively associated to biophenolic bioactive agents to further modulate their properties as smart bone substitutes, providing them additional antioxidant features, among others.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142573447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

In situ weak-beam scanning transmission electron microscopy observation of geometrically necessary dislocations formed by Mn precipitates in A533B alloy steel 原位弱光束扫描透射电子显微镜观察 A533B 合金钢中锰析出物形成的几何必要位错

IF 3

Materialia Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102272

{"title":"In situ weak-beam scanning transmission electron microscopy observation of geometrically necessary dislocations formed by Mn precipitates in A533B alloy steel","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102272","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102272","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, the Charpy impact test was performed for mechanically introducing cracks in A533B steel. Then, <em>in situ</em> weak-beam scanning transmission electron microscopy (WB-STEM) annealing tests were performed from room temperature to 600 °C. A wide area surface polishing method that did not require chemical polishing or resin-filling process for bulk specimens were developed for microsampling a 200 nm thin film. The film was sampled from the strain site at the crack tip (EBSD-KAM value: 2.7°) via Focus ion beam-scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM), <em>i.e.</em>, the inhomogeneous plastic deformation zone of dislocation density above 2.5 × 10<sup>16</sup> /m<sup>2</sup> formed by Mn precipitates. In isochronous annealing process imaging, the dynamic behavior of dislocations was successfully visualized using movie files with a spatial resolution of 0.4 nm/pixel and a temporal resolution of 1s/frame via WB-STEM. Results revealed thermal relaxation of local strain as high density dislocations deformed into new subgrain boundaries via the geometrically necessary dislocation network at control temperatures from 500 °C to 550 °C.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142586495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of elastic constants of M23C6 and M7C3 embedded in Fe-Cr-C alloys using in-situ XRD tensile test and self-consistent model 利用原位 XRD 拉伸试验和自洽模型评估嵌入 Fe-Cr-C 合金中的 M23C6 和 M7C3 的弹性常数

IF 3

Materialia Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102274

{"title":"Evaluation of elastic constants of M23C6 and M7C3 embedded in Fe-Cr-C alloys using in-situ XRD tensile test and self-consistent model","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102274","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102274","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper investigates the elastic properties of the model Fe-Cr-C alloys, specifically focusing on M<sub>23</sub>C<sub>6</sub> and M<sub>7</sub>C<sub>3</sub>. The study uses in-situ synchrotron X-ray data during tensile deformation to determine the individual elastic characteristics of the matrix and iron/chromium carbides. The experimental results obtained from in-situ X-ray diffraction (XRD) are compared to the elastic constants of carbides that were reported in previous studies and derived using density function theory (DFT). The appropriate elastic constants for M<sub>23</sub>C<sub>6</sub> and M<sub>7</sub>C<sub>3</sub> were selected based on the self-consistent code executing with reported elastic constants. The directional elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio of iron/chromium carbides are calculated, and the anisotropy of the elastic constants is evaluated using the XRD lattice deformations under loading. The elastic modulus of carbide varies with the volume fraction of carbide in the effective medium. The study finds that the hexagonal structure is more probable than orthorhombic structure for M<sub>7</sub>C<sub>3</sub> due to well-matched estimations of the directional elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio obtained from in-situ XRD data and the self-consistent calculations. In-situ XRD analysis of elastic behavior of each diffraction can be used to demonstrate the elastic constants of carbides and shows potential for obtaining precise elastic constants by integrating with self-consistent modeling and DFT.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142586494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of grain size and dislocation density on thermal stability of Al-Cu-Mg alloy 晶粒尺寸和位错密度对铝铜镁合金热稳定性的影响

IF 3

Materialia Pub Date : 2024-10-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102276

引用次数: 0

Machine learning predictions of spatter behavior in LPBF additive manufacturing 机器学习预测 LPBF 快速成型制造中的飞溅行为

IF 3

Materialia Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102268

{"title":"Machine learning predictions of spatter behavior in LPBF additive manufacturing","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102268","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102268","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The adoption of additive manufacturing (AM) technologies, particularly Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF), has been rapidly increasing in industries requiring high precision and complex geometries. Despite its advantages, LPBF faces challenges related to defects that affect material quality, with spatter formation being a significant concern. Spatters – tiny particles ejected during the printing process – can adversely affect the final product’s integrity by altering surface roughness and contributing to defects. This study introduces a comprehensive approach to predict the ejection velocity and direction of spatter particles using a suite of machine learning (ML) algorithms, including Random Forest, Gaussian Process Regression, Support Vector Machine, Regularized Linear Regressions, Gradient Boosting Trees, and Neural Networks. Our analysis reveals that the Neural Network model outperforms others, achieving prediction accuracies of 97.58% for spatter velocity and 88.22% for ejection direction, thus offering a substantial improvement in understanding and controlling spatter-related defects in LPBF processes. The practical implications of these predictions are profound, enabling manufacturers to adjust AM parameters in real time to minimize defects and enhance product quality. This study not only fills a gap in the current literature by providing a detailed comparative analysis of multiple ML algorithms for spatter ejection prediction but also paves the way for future research into real-time monitoring and control systems in AM.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142554518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigation of kinetics of passive layer formation on various microstructures in thermo-mechanically treated steel in simulated concrete pore solution 模拟混凝土孔隙溶液中热机械处理钢材各种微结构被动层形成动力学研究

IF 3

Materialia Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102277

引用次数: 0

Optimization of pulse electrodeposition parameters for enhanced resistance to corrosion and hydrogen permeation of zinc coatings 优化脉冲电沉积参数以增强锌镀层的抗腐蚀和抗氢渗透能力

IF 3

Materialia Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102273

引用次数: 0

Grain structure control of TC11 alloy in laser direct energy deposition by a static magnetic field 静磁场在激光直接能量沉积过程中控制 TC11 合金的晶粒结构

IF 3

Materialia Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102267

引用次数: 0

Short and medium range order in the rapidly solidified metallic liquid Ta: Atomic packing, connection modes, and pressure effect 快速凝固的金属液体 Ta 中的短程和中程有序：原子堆积、连接模式和压力效应

IF 3

Materialia Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102270

{"title":"Short and medium range order in the rapidly solidified metallic liquid Ta: Atomic packing, connection modes, and pressure effect","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102270","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102270","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, molecular dynamics (<em>MD</em>) simulations were utilized to explore the Short and Medium-Range Order (<em>MRO</em>) in the rapidly solidified metallic liquid tantalum (<em>Ta</em>). Radial distribution function (<em>RDF</em>) and Voronoi tessellation analysis (<em>VTA</em>) techniques were employed to thoroughly explore the effect of pressure on the connectivity and structural properties at the Short-Range Order (<em>SRO</em>) and <em>MRO</em> levels. Our findings indicate that, at a quenching rate of 10<sup>13</sup> K s<sup>-1</sup>, glassy states are achieved at or below 20 GPa, while crystalline phases emerge at 25 GPa. <em>VTA</em> analysis indicates a significant alteration in the local structure of glassy <em>Ta</em> with increasing pressure. Specifically, the fraction of icosahedral-like clusters decreases while the fraction of crystal-like clusters rises notably.</div><div>Furthermore, we highlight that icosahedral-like clusters strongly tend to form 3-atom connection mode, while crystal-like clusters prefer 2-atom and 4-atom connection modes. Notably, icosahedral-like clusters are identified as the primary contributors to the emergence of the left sub-peak in the second peak of the <em>RDF</em>. In contrast, all cluster types contribute to the appearance of the right sub-peak.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142537985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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