Materialia最新文献

{"title":"Assessing critical role of iron on microstructure and deformation behaviour of AlSi10Mg processed via laser powder bed fusion additive manufacturing","authors":"Ranjith Kumar Ilangovan ,&nbsp;Murugaiyan Amirthalingam ,&nbsp;Hariharan Krishnaswamy ,&nbsp;Ravi Sankar Kottada","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102320","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102320","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Iron contamination in Al-Si cast alloy promotes complex intermetallic formation during solidification, which deteriorates the mechanical properties. The present study deals with the laser powder bed fusion additive manufacturing (LPBF-AM) of AlSi10Mg with a maximum allowable iron content of 0.55 wt.%. This study illustrates that the combination of a high base plate temperature (200 °C) and a maximum allowable iron content (0.55 wt.%) leads to the formation of coarser ‘Chinese-script’ intermetallic compounds. These compounds significantly affect both tensile strength and ductility, compared to LPBF AlSi10Mg processed with a lower iron content (0.15 wt.%) under the same base plate temperature. Moreover, conventional post-heat treatment (solution treatment followed by ageing (STA)) disintegrates the fine eutectic network, resulting in coarser globular Si and partial transformation of detrimental Fe-rich intermetallic compounds. This STA cycle slightly improves ductility but substantially reduces strength compared to the as-built (AB) condition with 0.55 wt.% Fe. Therefore, the allowable Fe concentration in LPBF-AM AlSi10Mg should be re-examined in relation to the base plate temperature to achieve superior mechanical properties in the AM parts of this alloy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102320"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143172708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deformation-induced Au precipitation kinetics in Fe-Au-W alloys studied by time-resolved small angle neutron scattering","authors":"Y. Fu ,&nbsp;J. Kohlbrecher ,&nbsp;F.D. Tichelaar ,&nbsp;R.W.A. Hendrikx ,&nbsp;A.J. Böttger ,&nbsp;E. Brück ,&nbsp;S. van der Zwaag ,&nbsp;N.H. van Dijk","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102322","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102322","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>In-situ</em> time-resolved small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) experiments were conducted on homogenised cold-rolled ternary Fe-Au-W alloys during aging for 12 h at temperatures of 650 to 700 °C in order to study the kinetics of the nanoscale precipitation. For comparison the precipitation kinetics in the binary counterparts Fe-Au and Fe-W alloys were also studied. In the ternary Fe-Au-W alloy nanoscale Au-rich precipitates were observed by both transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and SANS, while no significant W-rich precipitation was observed. The SANS pattern of the cold-rolled Fe-Au-W alloy clearly reveals a preferred orientation for the plate-shaped nanoscale Au-rich precipitates. As these Au-rich precipitates have a fixed orientation relation with the matrix lattice this preferred orientation originates from the texture of the <em>bcc</em> matrix grains, as confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) pole figure measurements. The effect of texture on the nuclear and the magnetic SANS signal during the precipitation kinetics was included in the data analysis. This enables us to monitor the temperature dependence of the precipitation kinetics for the Au-rich precipitates in the Fe-Au-W alloy during aging at temperatures of 650, 675 and 700 °C. It is found that an increase in aging temperature results in a faster kinetics and a lower final precipitate fraction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102322"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143172707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structure and magnetism of Fe-substituted MnNiSi0.95Al0.05","authors":"Bruno G.F. Eggert ,&nbsp;E.K. Delczeg-Czirjak ,&nbsp;Øystein S. Fjellvåg ,&nbsp;B.C. Hauback ,&nbsp;C. Frommen","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102321","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102321","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>MM'X compounds such as MnNiSi_0.95Al_0.05 are potential candidates for room temperature magnetocaloric cooling prototypes due to a magnetostructural transition occurring between <em>TiNiSi</em> orthorhombic and <em>Ni</em>₂<em>In</em> hexagonal structure-types. Here, Fe substituted MnNiSi_0.95Al_0.05 is synthesized by arc melting and subsequent heat treatment. Mn_1-xFe_xNiSi_0.95Al_0.05 and Mn_1-yNi_1-yFe_2ySi_0.95Al_0.05 substitutions feature both the <em>TiNiSi</em> and <em>Ni</em>₂<em>In</em> structure-types, and undergo martensitic transitions around room temperature, while MnNi_1-zFe_zSi_0.95Al_0.05 compositions display MgZn₂ and <em>Mn</em>₅<em>Si₃</em> hexagonal <em>structure</em>-types. The stronger covalent character induced by Fe substitution impacts the structural transitions, shifting them to room temperature for Mn_0.5Fe_0.5NiSi_0.95Al_0.05 and Mn_0.68Ni_0.68Fe_0.64Si_0.95Al_0.05, which undergo transitions during heating at 305 and 302 K, respectively. The orthorhombic structures display anisotropic thermal expansion, and we observe a negative thermal expansion for Mn_0.45Fe_0.55NiSi_0.95Al_0.05 and a null expansion for Mn_0.68Ni_0.68Fe_0.64Si_0.95Al_0.05. Finally, density functional theory calculations predict a larger magnetic moment in Mn_0.68Ni_0.68Fe_0.64Si_0.95Al_0.05, which is confirmed both from neutron diffraction and macroscopic measurements. However, due to inhomogeneity attributed to the heat treatment condition, Mn_1-yNi_1-yFe_2ySi_0.95Al_0.05 compounds show hindered magnetocaloric potential compared to Mn_1-xFe_xNiSi_0.95Al_0.05 compounds.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102321"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143172704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Critical mineral substitutions in IN617: A combined computational and experimental approach to performance evaluation and feasibility","authors":"Ankit Roy,&nbsp;Carolyne Burns,&nbsp;Steven Livers,&nbsp;Benjamin Lund,&nbsp;Subhashish Meher,&nbsp;Mohan Sai Kiran Kumar Yadav Nartu,&nbsp;Asif Mahmud,&nbsp;Tianhao Wang,&nbsp;David Garcia,&nbsp;Jorge Dos Santos,&nbsp;Pratikshya Meher,&nbsp;Chinthaka M Silva,&nbsp;Thomas Hartmann,&nbsp;Isabella J Van Rooyen","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102319","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102319","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Addressing the escalating demand for critical minerals (CMs) driven by global climate change initiatives, this study explores compositional modifications to Inconel 617 by substituting cobalt with manganese across various atomic percentages. We conducted a computational feasibility study employing molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to provide strategic guidance for experimental validation. The simulations analyzed tensile strength and corrosion resistance for five modified compositions (M1 to M5) to identify optimal properties. Tensile tests on cubic simulation cells were performed to generate stress-strain curves, revealing the impact of Co replacement with Mn on tensile strength—a metric correlated with hardness. Oxygen penetration simulations were conducted to evaluate corrosion resistance, indicating that reduced oxygen penetration depth corresponds to enhanced resistance. Promising compositions underwent phase diagram calculations for assessing phase stability. The optimal composition (M1), characterized by high tensile strength and minimal oxygen penetration, was chosen for experimental validation using induction melting and friction stir consolidation techniques. The materials were further characterized using SEM-EDS, XRD, and Vickers hardness testing. Our findings suggest that Mn substitution in IN617 can yield mechanical performance at par with high-Co alloys in energy-critical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102319"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143171422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel technique to produce trimodal microstructure in low-carbon steel","authors":"Somayyeh Gholamalipour,&nbsp;Roohollah Jamaati,&nbsp;Seyed Jamal Hosseinipour","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102318","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102318","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this research, a novel technique (intercritical annealing, controlled cooling, cold rolling, and final annealing) to produce trimodal microstructure in low-carbon steel is proposed. After intercritical annealing, a cooling rate was used (30 °C/s) which led to the simultaneous formation of ferrite, martensite, and pearlite phases. After cold rolling (with the strains of 25 %, 50 %, and 75 %) and final annealing at 550 °C, recrystallization had not yet occurred in the microstructure of the 25 %+550 and 50 %+550 samples, while the microstructure of the 75 %+550 sample had completely undergone static recrystallization. A trimodal microstructure consisting of coarse grains (larger than 5 μm), fine grains (between 1 and 5 μm), and ultrafine grains (less than 1 μm) was formed in the 75 %+550 sample. Among the annealed sheets, the 75 %+550 sheet exhibited the highest hardness (217.5 HV), yield strength (686.1 MPa), and tensile strength (709.5 MPa), with an acceptable total elongation (11.3 %) due to the formation of trimodal microstructure and fine spherical θ-Fe₃C particles. By increasing the strain (in both deformed and annealed samples), the central area became smaller, indicating a shift toward shear ductile fracture. The final annealing at 550 °C slightly increased the central area owing to the occurrence of restoration mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102318"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143172709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth kinetics of CsPbBr3 perovskite nanocrystals: Effects of stirring speed","authors":"You-Lin Huang ,&nbsp;Wei Li ,&nbsp;Hailong Chen ,&nbsp;Fuqian Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102315","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102315","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding the growth behavior of semiconductor nanocrystals plays an important role in controlling the sizes of the formed nanocrystals. In this work, we investigate the growth behavior of inorganic CsPbBr₃ nanocrystals. The synthesis of CsPbBr₃ nanocrystals is performed using an antisolvent method under stirring. The temporal evolution of the photoluminescence peak wavelength during stirring is used to determine the nominal activation energies and the growth index for the growth of CsPbBr₃ nanocrystals under different growth conditions. Increasing the stirring speed from 0 rpm to 1000 rpm leads to an increase in the nominal activation energy from 8.34 kJ/mol to 14.13 kJ/mol and the growth index from 1.04 to 1.85. X-ray diffraction is used to analyze the size evolution of CsPbBr₃ nanocrystals formed at 308 K under different stirring speeds and under a stirring speed of 800 rpm at different temperatures. The X-ray diffraction analysis of the temperature effect on the average sizes of CsPbBr₃ nanocrystals yields a nominal activation energy of 13.44 kJ/mol for the CsPbBr₃ nanocrystals grown under the stirring speed of 800 rpm, which is comparable to 12.59 kJ/mol determined from the photoluminescence peak wavelength of the corresponding solutions. The method presented in this work offers a simple method to analyze the growth kinetics of semiconductor nanocrystals in liquid solutions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102315"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143172737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An extraordinarily low-energy threshold of less than 60 keV for ion track formation in silicon","authors":"H. Amekura ,&nbsp;K. Narumi ,&nbsp;A. Chiba ,&nbsp;Y. Hirano ,&nbsp;K. Yamada ,&nbsp;S. Yamamoto ,&nbsp;Y. Saitoh","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102317","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102317","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The impingement of a C₆₀ cluster ion upon a solid can realize the temporospatially correlated injection of sixty C atoms to the solid at the same time and place with a molecular dimension of 0.7 nm in diameter. This could result in ion track formation that differs from that of conventional monatomic ion irradiation. Although no ion tracks have been observed in Si even under high-energy 3.6-GeV monatomic U ion irradiation, certain tracks have been found in Si under low-energy 1-MeV C₆₀ ion irradiation. Here, we investigated track formation under an irradiation of less than 1 MeV: (i) With a decrease in energy, the diameters and lengths of the tracks decreased; however, the length decreased more steeply than the diameter. (ii) Although the tracks were fuzzily perceived down to 60-keV irradiation, no tracks were observed under 30-keV irradiation, except for an extended damage zone. Furthermore, we observed (iii) track formation below the electronic stopping threshold, and (iv) track length extension due to “the acceleration effect” of cluster-ion irradiation at low energies. (v) Finally, the approximated linearity between the track volume and C₆₀ energy is discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102317"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143171395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Origin of large coercivity in charge-ordered lanthanide-free magnets","authors":"Mikhail S. Platunov ,&nbsp;Aleksandr M. Platunov","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102316","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102316","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lanthanide-based permanent magnets are essential for a wide range of applications, from nanotechnology to industrial engineering. However, the limited availability and escalating costs of rare-earth elements have spurred efforts to develop alternative lanthanide-free magnets. Low-dimensional magnetic oxides, such as Co₃BO₅ and Co₂FeBO₅ single crystals (space group <em>Pbam</em>), offer a promising solution due to their structural properties and potential for stabilizing charge-ordered states. This study investigates the influence of nanodomains on macroscopic coercivity in these materials, revealing that domain wall pinning and high-energy barriers significantly impede domain wall motion, resulting in exceptional coercive fields. Notably, Co₂FeBO₅ exhibits a giant coercive field exceeding 9 Tesla at low temperatures. X-ray absorption and single crystal X-ray diffraction confirmed the mixed-valent character of Co and Fe ions, showing a 3+ oxidation state at the <em>M</em>4 sites and 2+ at other sites (<em>M</em>1, <em>M</em>2, <em>M</em>3). X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) further revealed element-selective magnetizations in opposing directions below the Néel temperature, indicative of strong antiferromagnetic interactions persisting even in the paramagnetic state. These unprecedented coercivities are attributed to the interaction of alternating magnetic sublattices formed by adjacent ions, influenced by the crystallographic symmetry. By precisely substituting ions at specific crystallographic sites (<em>M</em>1–<em>M</em>4), it is possible to modulate local magnetic anisotropy and establish regions with high energy barriers, effectively enhancing the material's resistance to demagnetization. This targeted optimization of magnetic properties positions these materials as strong candidates for applications demanding stable and robust magnetic performance under challenging conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102316"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143173182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A method for characterizing the quasi-static mechanical behavior of powders for the cold spray process","authors":"Hugo Durand,&nbsp;Francesco Delloro","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102314","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102314","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mechanical properties of the powder are a critical factor for solid-state processes based on powder consolidation, as the cold spray. We propose a method to determine the quasi-statical behavior of powders based on single particle microcompression. Finite elements numerical modeling of the microcompression test are used to train and validate a Kriging meta-model, on which is based a computationally efficient optimization process, allowing the identification of the parameters of the material behavior law chosen. The method has been applied to Al 1070 spherical particles, using a rate-independent Johnson-Cook material model, but can potentially be used for any material and any plasticity model. Results confirm the validity of the proposed method and highlight a marked heterogeneity of behavior among particles from the same powder batch. This is supported also by microstructural differences and can be related to inhomogeneities in the powder manufacturing process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102314"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143172196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In situ heating coherent X-ray diffraction imaging for visualizing nanometer-scale structural changes in metallic materials","authors":"Shuntaro Takazawa ,&nbsp;Yuhei Sasaki ,&nbsp;Masaki Abe ,&nbsp;Hideshi Uematsu ,&nbsp;Naru Okawa ,&nbsp;Nozomu Ishiguro ,&nbsp;Yukio Takahashi","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102311","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102311","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, an <em>in situ</em> microscopy method was developed to nondestructively visualize structural changes at the nanometer scale in thick samples during heating. This method, termed <em>in situ</em> heating coherent X-ray diffraction imaging, successfully captured the structural changes in micrometer-sized Sn–Bi eutectic alloy particles. Specifically, it monitored the movement of the interface between the Bi- and Sn-rich phases as the temperature increased, with a full-period spatial resolution of 47.8 nm and a temporal resolution of 10 s. Additionally, the transformation from the solid to liquid phase was observed with a spatial resolution of 281.8 nm and a temporal resolution of 18.9 ms. This technique has considerable potential for visualizing dynamic phenomena in materials science, such as the formation and evolution of precipitates, cracks, and aggregates in materials, under high-temperature conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102311"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143173185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}