MaterialiaPub Date : 2025-02-15DOI: 10.1016/j.mtla.2025.102379
Linghui Song , Guosheng Duan , Chongtao Han , Jixue Zhou , Hongtao Liu , Yunteng Liu , Baolin Wu
{"title":"Enhanced low-cycle fatigue life of an extruded AZ31B alloy after pre-ratcheting deformation","authors":"Linghui Song , Guosheng Duan , Chongtao Han , Jixue Zhou , Hongtao Liu , Yunteng Liu , Baolin Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2025.102379","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2025.102379","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, an extruded AZ31B alloys was processed with pre-ratcheting deformation following by fully reversed strain-controlled low-cycle test. The post low-cycle stress-strain response and fatigue life were investigated. It shows that the mean stress decreases with the decreasing of applied ratcheting cyclic valley stress and a negative mean stress always exists in these pre-ratcheting samples during the post cyclic test. The low-cycle fatigue life improves with the decreases of pre-ratcheting cyclic valley loading to −160 MPa and then rapidly declines. Based on the observation of microstructural evolution during pre-ratcheting process and low-cycle tests, the relationship between microstructure and life was discussed. {10–12} twinning–detwinning and Bauschinger effect of dislocation slipping was regarded to be responsible for the enhanced fatigue life.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102379"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143471309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MaterialiaPub Date : 2025-02-15DOI: 10.1016/j.mtla.2025.102368
Prodip Kumar Sarkar , Nilanjan Mitra , Jorge S. Dolado
{"title":"Reactive molecular dynamics based multiaxial failure analysis of jennite","authors":"Prodip Kumar Sarkar , Nilanjan Mitra , Jorge S. Dolado","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2025.102368","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2025.102368","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Jennite is one of the key analogs to calcium silicate gel (C-S-H), the main contributor to cement paste’s cohesive strength, which helps in gluing natural aggregates into concrete. The primary role of the glue is to sustain externally applied mechanical loading, preventing the disintegration of concrete. Atomic bonds within the glue are the ultimate receptors of these loads. In this study, the multiaxial failure mechanism of the C-S-H at the nanoscale has been investigated within the framework of molecular dynamics simulation. we have adopted jennite as a simpler representative of C-S-H gel to study the response under uni/multi-axial deformation and the underlying mechanism of failures. The major two mechanisms are the separation of calcium silicate layers and the breakage of covalent silicate chains. The study also presents an ellipsoidal yield surface of failure captured at the molecular scale.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102368"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143428026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MaterialiaPub Date : 2025-02-15DOI: 10.1016/j.mtla.2025.102376
Solène Comby-Dassonneville , Guillaume Beutier , Guillaume Parry , Steven Leake , Frédéric Charlot , Fabien Volpi , Marc Verdier
{"title":"Combining nanoindentation and Bragg coherent diffraction imaging to investigate small-scale plasticity","authors":"Solène Comby-Dassonneville , Guillaume Beutier , Guillaume Parry , Steven Leake , Frédéric Charlot , Fabien Volpi , Marc Verdier","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2025.102376","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2025.102376","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The mechanical properties of materials at the nanoscale are still poorly understood, despite intensive research efforts, in particular because mechanical tests are blind to the detailed microstructure of the samples. The latter is however crucial at small scales, when stochastic response dominates the initial elasto-plastic transition. To extract a comprehensive mechanical behavior at this scale, and despite this stochastic aspect, studying a large population of nano-objects is necessary. Additionally, investigating the early stage of the plasticity, correlated with the initial microstructure of the nano-objects, is essential. In this regard, we use a statistical approach to extract deterministic laws from various techniques such as nano-compression or nanoindentation, and we discuss the results in light with Bragg coherent diffraction imaging (BCDI) which provides the detailed crystalline state of the sample before and after mechanical testing. This <em>ex situ</em> approach is able to provide a more complete description of plastic behavior at small and large strains.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102376"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MaterialiaPub Date : 2025-02-13DOI: 10.1016/j.mtla.2025.102372
M. Odnobokova , P. Dolzhenko , N. Enikeev , R.Z. Valiev , R. Kaibyshev , A. Belyakov
{"title":"On the low temperature deformation behavior of a warm rolled 304L-type stainless steel","authors":"M. Odnobokova , P. Dolzhenko , N. Enikeev , R.Z. Valiev , R. Kaibyshev , A. Belyakov","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2025.102372","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2025.102372","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The deformation behavior of a warm rolled 304L-type austenitic stainless steel was studied by means of tensile tests at temperatures of 213 – 293 K. The starting material was subjected to warm rolling to a strain of 0.5 at 573 K. This warm working promoted the α'-martensite formation upon subsequent tensile tests at lowered temperatures owing to shortening the transformation critical strain. The fraction of α'-martensite comprised more than 0.2 after tension to a strain of 0.3 at 293 K, whereas that was above 0.8 at 213 K. Moreover, the cold deformation was accompanied by twinning and the development of strain-induced grain boundaries leading to submicrocrystalline microstructure evolution. The deformation behavior during tensile tests was characterized by a rapid increase in the flow stress in the strain range of 0.1 – 0.25 that was more pronounced at a lower temperature. The tensile flow stress could be related to the dislocation density, which in turn can be expressed by a function of strain, taking into account the grain subdivision by strain-induced boundaries and martensitic transformation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102372"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143419597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MaterialiaPub Date : 2025-02-13DOI: 10.1016/j.mtla.2025.102374
J. Bonnal , C. Petitjean , P.J. Panteix , L. Saint-Jean , D. Bonina , S. Arnal , M. Vilasi
{"title":"Influence of the source of yttrium on the morphology of precipitated phases after interaction with a CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 melt at 1300°C","authors":"J. Bonnal , C. Petitjean , P.J. Panteix , L. Saint-Jean , D. Bonina , S. Arnal , M. Vilasi","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2025.102374","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2025.102374","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The durability of the ceramic coatings used to protect the turbine blades in the field of aeronautical engines is strongly linked to their ability to withstand corrosion by calcium-magnesium-aluminosilicates (i.e. CMAS), which can infiltrate their microstructure when liquid at high temperature. Protection can be provided thanks to the high reactivity of the ceramic coatings with CMAS leading to the fast precipitation of protective phases. Most ceramic coatings contain rare-earth elements (e.g. rare-earth monosilicates RE<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>5</sub> or rare-earth disilicates RE<sub>2</sub>Si<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub>), making them thus able to form oxyapatite after reaction with the silicate melts. The present works proposes to study the morphology of these precipitated phases depending on the nature of the rare-earth source. A model ternary melt CaO-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-SiO<sub>2</sub> has thus been put in contact at 1300 °C with different sources of yttrium: oxide Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, monosilicate Y<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>5</sub> and disilicate Y<sub>2</sub>Si<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub>. The reactivity led to the precipitation of the two phases of interest (i.e. apatite Ca<sub>2</sub>Y<sub>8</sub>(SiO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>6</sub>O<sub>2</sub> and cyclosilicate Ca<sub>3</sub>Y<sub>2</sub>(Si<sub>3</sub>O<sub>9</sub>)<sub>2</sub>). The use of these simplified systems allows to establish the precipitation mechanisms of the phases at equilibrium regarding previously established phase diagrams. Depending on the yttrium source, the chemical reactions involved local modifications of the melt composition, which strongly influenced the morphology of the precipitated phases at equilibrium. Specifically, it is demonstrated here that the release of SiO<sub>2</sub> in the melt when starting from yttrium disilicate involves a specific microstructure of the acicular apatite, which exhibits a core containing precipitated SiO<sub>2</sub>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102374"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143419596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MaterialiaPub Date : 2025-02-12DOI: 10.1016/j.mtla.2025.102373
J.J. Mao , L. Liu , Z.Y. Liang
{"title":"Effect of strain rate on mechanical properties and microstructural evolution in a ferrite austenite duplex medium Mn steel","authors":"J.J. Mao , L. Liu , Z.Y. Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2025.102373","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2025.102373","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Here, we explored the mechanical behavior and microstructural evolution of a ferrite-austenite duplex medium Mn steel under extremely high strain rate (10<sup>3</sup> s<sup>-1</sup>). It is found that the yield strength increases by 135 MPa with the increase of strain rate from 10<sup>–3</sup> to 10<sup>3</sup> s<sup>-1</sup>. Yet, the strain hardening rate decreases significantly, resulting in a lower ultimate tensile strength and a reduced uniform elongation. Microstructural analysis and thermodynamic calculations reveal that dislocation multiplication is promoted by high-strain-rate deformation at the small strain of 4.0 %. At large strains, adiabatic heating causes a substantial temperature increase, reaching 367 K at the engineering strain of 25.9 %. This temperature rise leads to a significant increase in the stacking fault energy of austenite, suppressing transformation-induced plasticity effect. The elevated temperature also enhances dynamic recovery of dislocations, inhibiting dislocation multiplication during high-strain-rate deformation. As a result, the suppressions of both transform-induced plasticity effect and dislocation multiplication result in the decrease of strain hardening rate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102373"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143419599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MaterialiaPub Date : 2025-02-11DOI: 10.1016/j.mtla.2025.102370
Debashish Sur , Samuel B. Inman , Kaitlyn L. Anderson , Nathan C. Smith , Matthew S. Barbieri , Jie Qi , Christopher M. Wolverton , John R. Scully
{"title":"Factors governing passivation behavior of Fe-Cr-Al-Ti alloys in sulfate containing acidified solutions: Uncovering the many roles of Ti","authors":"Debashish Sur , Samuel B. Inman , Kaitlyn L. Anderson , Nathan C. Smith , Matthew S. Barbieri , Jie Qi , Christopher M. Wolverton , John R. Scully","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2025.102370","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2025.102370","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Passivation induced corrosion resistance of non-equiatomic BCC Fe-Cr-Al-Ti alloys, including critical passivator concentration, the roles of each alloying element, and possible synergies between the passivating components, i.e., Ti, Cr, and Al are presented. Two solid-solution BCC alloy series: Fe-8Cr-8Al-<em>x</em>Ti and Fe-<em>x</em>Cr-{16-<em>x</em>}Al-8Ti, where <em>x</em> was varied from 0 to 16 at.%, were investigated in acidified 0.1 M Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4(aq)</sub> solutions. Short- and long-term passivation behaviors and oxide passive film chemistry were characterized. Alloys with at least 4 at.% Ti with 8 at.% both Cr and Al; or 8 at.% Ti with a Cr/Al ratio higher than 0.5 exhibited excellent corrosion resistance in pH 1 solution having a lower currrent density than 304L stainless steel. Ti additions to Fe-Cr-Al alloys were predicted to not only function as a passivating species but also to act as a species that alters the chemical short-range order by clustering of Cr-Cr pairs in their 1<sup>st</sup> nearest neighbors’ arrangement. This could be forecast using a “Coherent Ordering Descriptor” based on Monte Carlo simulations supported by first-principles Density Functional Theory calculations. The possibility of a new Ti containing highly corrosion-resistant low-cost stainless steel with only 4 at.% Ti and 8 at.% Cr while using 88 at.% inexpensive Fe and Al is suggested. Two underlying mechanisms describing the enhanced passivation behaviors are discussed based on the chemical short-range ordering of Cr atoms, and passive film stability provided by mixed oxide species, suggesting concepts useful for designing new lightweight corrosion-resistant alloys.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102370"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143438234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MaterialiaPub Date : 2025-02-08DOI: 10.1016/j.mtla.2025.102366
Zihan Liu , Ning Li , Yingchun Jiang , Chenglin Yi , Cheol Park , Catharine C. Fay , Huck Beng Chew , Changhong Ke
{"title":"Metal passivation strengthens the interface in titanium composites reinforced with boron nitride nanotubes","authors":"Zihan Liu , Ning Li , Yingchun Jiang , Chenglin Yi , Cheol Park , Catharine C. Fay , Huck Beng Chew , Changhong Ke","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2025.102366","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2025.102366","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We investigate the interfacial interaction in titanium metal matrix composites (MMCs) reinforced with boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) through in situ scanning electron microscopy nanomechanical pullout experiments. The measurements reveal a stronger interface formed by Ti with BNNTs than carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that the observed interfacial strength is attributed to covalent bonding formed on the metal surface that is partially oxidized due to passivation. Moreover, the composite interface maintains its strength even after prolonged thermal annealing in air, which is in stark contrast to the substantial degradation that occurs on the composite interface with CNTs. The complex interplay of metal passivation on the interfacial interaction and reinforcement opens a new avenue of exploiting metal passivation as an innovative active self-strengthening mechanism for nanotube-reinforced MMCs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102366"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143394495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MaterialiaPub Date : 2025-02-08DOI: 10.1016/j.mtla.2025.102363
João Victor de S. Araujo , Mariana X. Milagre , José Wilmar Calderón-Hernández , Nathanael W. Morais , Isolda Costa
{"title":"Friction Stir welding effects on the corrosion resistance of the 2098-T351 alloy","authors":"João Victor de S. Araujo , Mariana X. Milagre , José Wilmar Calderón-Hernández , Nathanael W. Morais , Isolda Costa","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2025.102363","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2025.102363","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The effects of friction stir welding (FSW) on the corrosion resistance of the AA2098-T351 aluminum alloy were investigated through immersion and electrochemical tests in a 0.005 mol L⁻¹ NaCl solution. The findings revealed that the welding joint (WJ), which includes the thermomechanically affected zone (TMAZ) and stir zone (SZ), demonstrated superior localized corrosion resistance compared to the HAZ and BM. The SZ and TMAZ demonstrated cathodic behavior relative to the HAZ and BM. Furthermore, the differences in corrosion resistance among the isolated welding zones and their behavior under galvanic coupling were analyzed and discussed, highlighting the complex electrochemical interactions within the welded structure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102363"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143350754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Curvature of free-standing polycrystalline SiC thick films grown by CVD: On the origin of the residual stress gradient","authors":"Yann Gallou , Alexandre Potier , Didier Chaussende","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2025.102350","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2025.102350","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polycrystalline SiC can serve as a receiver substrate for the fabrication of engineered SiC wafers for power-electronics devices. These substrates must be as flat as possible for further processing. They can be fabricated by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) on a sacrificial substrate, which is then removed leaving a thick free-standing SiC film. When deposited by CVD, a residual intrinsic stress gradient develops through thickness of the film and results in the curvature of the free-standing film. In this study, we show that two mechanisms are responsible for the occurrence of such an intrinsic stress gradient. The first is due to a change of grain size through the film's thickness that in turn leads to a change of intrinsic stress during growth. The second mechanism is attributed to the continuous relaxation of the film during growth. Although a constant grain size through thickness can be achieved with appropriate process conditions to minimize the intrinsic stress gradient, the second mechanism occurs for any microstructure. Therefore, the intrinsic stress gradient and the resulting curvature of the free-standing films is difficult to avoid though it can be minimized through pertinent choices of growth conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102350"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143350761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}