Materialia最新文献

{"title":"Tailored heat treatments to enhance performance in additive manufactured HAYNES® 282® superalloy","authors":"Abdul Shaafi Shaikh ,&nbsp;Emil Eriksson ,&nbsp;Magnus Hörnqvist Colliander ,&nbsp;Kevin Minet-Lallemand ,&nbsp;Eduard Hryha","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2025.102334","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2025.102334","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>While additive manufacturing (AM) has made considerable strides towards industrialization in recent years, its application to superalloys is still limited. This is in part because superalloys manufactured by AM often show anisotropic mechanical properties and creep performance inferior to their cast or wrought counterparts. HAYNES® 282® (282 alloy) is one such alloy which originated in wrought form but has been rapidly adopted in AM. However, AM 282 alloy currently shows deficient high temperature performance relative to wrought 282 alloy, especially when conventional heat treatment is applied to the AM alloy. This study aims to understand how AM and specifically powder bed fusion – laser beam (PBF-LB) processed 282 alloy compares to wrought 282 alloy in terms of microstructure and mechanical properties, and how these can be improved by different heat treatment regimes. 282 alloy manufactured by PBF-LB was subjected to three different solution heat treatments: the conventional solution heat treatment at 1135 °C, a high temperature solution treatment at 1250 °C, and hot isostatic pressing (HIP) at 1250 °C. All materials were double aged at 1010 °C and 788 °C. Mechanical testing showed that solution treatments at 1250 °C reduced anisotropy relative to the typical 1135 °C solution treatment, especially at high temperature. Most significantly, creep rupture life at 927 °C and 89 MPa was doubled (reaching &gt;300 h compared to 115 h for wrought), and minimum creep rate was reduced by an order of magnitude even compared to the wrought counterpart. The improved high temperature mechanical performance was correlated with more equiaxed and coarse grains, tortuous grain boundaries, frequent twins, and specific grain boundary microstructure. The study highlights the critical role of grain structure in high temperature performance, and demonstrates the necessity of tailored heat treatments for enhancing the properties of AM superalloys<span><span>¹</span></span>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102334"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143171420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structure, thermal stability and microstructural properties of Bi4V2-x(Cu-Li)xO11-7x/4 solid solution (0.1 ≤ x ≤ 0.3)","authors":"W. Mhaira ,&nbsp;A. Agnaou ,&nbsp;R. Essalim ,&nbsp;M. Zaghrioui ,&nbsp;T. Chartier ,&nbsp;C. Autret ,&nbsp;A. Ammar","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102333","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102333","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The structural, thermal, and spectroscopic properties of Bi₄V_2-x(Cu-Li)_xO_11-7x/4 (0.1 ≤ x ≤ 0.5) compounds were investigated to explore the effects of copper and lithium substitution on the material's crystalline structure and phase transitions. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed that increasing the substitution level from x = 0.1 to x = 0.3 resulted in phase transitions from monoclinic to orthorhombic, and eventually to tetragonal, with the solid solution limit at x = 0.3. The crystallinity and porosity showed an inverse relationship as the substitution rate increased, with crystallite size enlarging from x = 0.1 to x = 0.2, and a defect-trapping effect at higher substitutions (x = 0.3 and x = 0.4). Differential thermal analysis (DTA) and thermogravimetric analysis (TG) indicated significant endothermic transitions, with a peak at 698°C corresponding to the melting of a secondary phase isostructural to Bi₈V₂O₁₇. High-temperature XRD (HT-XRD) analysis further supported the phase transitions, while Raman spectroscopy showed shifts in the V-O bond stretching vibrations with increasing substitution. The study concluded that substitution with copper and lithium modifies the thermal stability, crystallinity, and phase behaviour of BiCuLiVOx compounds, highlighting their potential in various applications requiring high-temperature stability and ionic conductivity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102333"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143172233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long term and in situ measurements of nanostructure evolution of Al-3.9Cu-1.5Mg alloys by laboratory high energy small-angle X-ray scattering","authors":"Shin Fukuda ,&nbsp;Masato Ohnuma ,&nbsp;Goroh Itoh ,&nbsp;Shigeru Kuramoto ,&nbsp;Junya Kobayashi ,&nbsp;Equo Kobayashi","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102331","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102331","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The effect of nanostructures on the hardness of Al-3.9Cu-1.5Mg alloys with and without cold rolling (CR) during natural and isothermal aging at 190°C for up to 48 h has been investigated by in situ high energy laboratory small-angle X-ray scattering combined with micro-Vickers and calorimetry measurements. In the naturally aged samples, the formation of Cu-Mg co-clusters of 1 nm in diameter was observed. In the specimens with CR, the formation of clusters due to CR was observed at the beginning, while little change were observed during aging. Consequently, the total amount of clusters was less than in the specimens without CR in the later stage of natural aging. The change in the amount of age hardening corresponded to the change in the amount of Cu-Mg co-cluster formation, indicating that the Cu-Mg co-cluster was responsible for the precipitation strengthening at room temperature. At 190°C for the artificial aging process, precipitate scattering of three different sizes and shapes was observed, i.e., the intermediate and S phases were precipitated in addition to the Cu-Mg co-cluster. The continuous change in volume fraction and size with time suggests that the Cu-Mg co-cluster has grown into an intermediate phase. The time evolution of hardness at 190°C artificial aging without CR was simply explained by Orowan's equation. These results show that the dispersion state of precipitates mainly affects the hardness in Al-Cu-Mg alloys with low Cu/Mg ratios rather than the phases themselves.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102331"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143172235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Significantly improving the degradation performance of low-alloyed Mg-1Zn-0.3Ca-1.0MgO composite in vitro and in vivo","authors":"Chaokun Tang ,&nbsp;Shaoyuan Lyu ,&nbsp;Aixian Tian ,&nbsp;Hongbin Cao ,&nbsp;Minfang Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102330","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102330","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> degradation behavior of a low-alloyed Mg-1Zn-0.3Ca-1.0MgO (wt.%) composite with different grain sizes were investigated to understand the effect of high-density grain boundaries (GBs) and high-volume-fraction second phases on its degradation behavior. The results indicated that the ultra-fine-grained (UFG, 0.5 μm) composite had plentiful nano-sized Ca₂Mg₆Zn₃ phase, while coarse grained (CG, 8 μm) composite possessed very few minor Ca₂Mg₆Zn₃ phases due to the high solid solubility of solute atoms in Mg matrix. The immersion test in simulated body fluids (SBF) suggested the UFG composite had a low corrosion rate of 0.68 mm/y, which was only half of the CG composite (1.39 mm/y). This improved corrosion resistance was attributed to the quick formation of a compact and stable corrosion product, resulting from the preferential corrosion of uniformly distributed GBs and second phases in the UFG matrix during the early stage (first 12 hours). This can shield the Mg matrix from further corrosion over the long term. The <em>in vivo</em> implantation results after 24 weeks also showed that the corrosion rate of UFG composite was extremely low at 0.047 mm/y, while it was 0.252 mm/y for CG composite. Such higher corrosion resistance of UFG promoted luxuriant new bone growth and a more tightly bonded interface between the bone and the sample. The matched material degradation-bone maturation rate of UFG provided a better environment for osteoblast attachment and differentiation. Furthermore, the UFG composite maintained approximately 50 % residual yield strength even after 24 weeks post-implantation, which provided excellent mechanical support during service, especially in the first three months post-implantation. These results provide insights into the composition and microstructural design, which could be a promising avenue for exploring the manufacturing of high strength and highly corrosion resistant magnesium-based materials to enhance the security as bone implant instruments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102330"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143172711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The race of time during oxide-to-MOF conversion: Competition between MOF(Al) growth and alumina facets rearrangement","authors":"Limor Ben Neon ,&nbsp;Mikhael Bechelany ,&nbsp;Martin Drobek ,&nbsp;Eddy Petit ,&nbsp;Anne Julbe","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102327","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102327","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The direct growth of Metal-Organic-Frameworks (MOFs) on ceramic substrates is a promising strategy to promote their industrial implementation. Yet, the lack of deep scientific comprehension regarding the <em>in-situ</em> conversion of metal derivatives into MOFs, resulting in limited control over their crystal growth, morphology and distribution, hampers their up-scale production. In this work, we provide for the first time the experimental evidence that a competition between MOF formation and alumina facet rearrangement occurs at extended reaction times up to 90 min. We demonstrate that the facet rearrangement induced by pH variations dictates the final morphology and distribution of MOF(Al) crystals grown during the MW-assisted hydrothermal synthesis in water. Hence when facet-rich alumina substrate is used for oxide-to-MOF conversion, short reaction times ought to be applied.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102327"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143172712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural, morphological, optical, magnetic, and photocatalytic characteristics of Zn1-3xCoxAgxCuxO nanoparticles","authors":"Trinh Duc Thien ,&nbsp;Pham Do Chung ,&nbsp;Le T.M. Cham ,&nbsp;Pham Duc Thang ,&nbsp;Nguyen Dang Co ,&nbsp;Nguyen Van Thang ,&nbsp;Nguyen Huu Tuan ,&nbsp;Nguyen Dinh Lam","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102328","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102328","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study involved synthesizing ZnO nanoparticles co-doped with Co, Ag, and Cu, labeled as Zn_1-3xCo_xAg_xCu_xO (x = 0.00, 0.01, 0.02, 0.03), using a low-temperature co-precipitation process. Spectroscopic techniques confirmed the successful incorporation of these elements into the ZnO lattice. Structural analysis showed a hexagonal wurtzite crystal structure with microstructural changes across the samples. Lattice property alterations indicated the inclusion of Co²⁺, Ag¹⁺, and Cu²⁺ ions, leading to a crystallite size increase from 25.3 nm to 36.7 nm. FESEM displayed spherical and hexagonal structures. UV-Vis spectroscopy revealed a bandgap reduction from 3.22 eV to 2.92 eV as doping increased, attributed to the Burstein-Moss effect. Raman analysis demonstrated shifts in the E₂^(High) mode due to impurities. The photocatalytic activity of Zn_0.94Co_0.02Ag_0.02Cu_0.02O was 2.2 times higher than pure ZnO for RhB, with hydroxyls radicals as key agents. This material showed exeptional reusability and stability. The nanoparticles also effectively degraded Methyl Orange, Congo Red, and Phenol. The study suggests that co-doping with Co, Ag, and Cu is an effective approach for tuning the ZnO bandgap, highlighting its potential for optoelectronics, spintronics, and photocatalysis, and paving the way for advanced optical and photonic applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102328"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143172710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermophysical properties of single crystals and ceramics based on thallium and silver halides","authors":"Ivan Yuzhakov ,&nbsp;Dmitrii Salimgareev ,&nbsp;Alexander Lvov ,&nbsp;Alexander Shmygalev ,&nbsp;Alexei Rudenko ,&nbsp;Anastasia Yuzhakova ,&nbsp;Liya Zhukova","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102326","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102326","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Temperature dependences of electrical conductivity, heat capacity and heat diffusivity in the range of 30–250 °C were studied for single crystals and optical ceramics based on metal halides of the TlBr_0.46I_0.54 – AgI, TlCl_0.74Br_0.26 – AgI, TlBr_0.46I_0.54 – AgCl_0.25Br_0.75, TlCl_0.74Br_0.26 – AgCl_0.25Br_0.75 systems. The properties of superionic conductors were discovered in materials with ionic bonds Ag – I, Tl – I with the strongest characteristics in the TlBr_0.46I_0.54 – AgCl_0.25Br_0.75 system's compounds. The influence of dissimilar ions number and their proportion in the crystal lattice was revealed by calculating the diffusion coefficients of silver and analyzing the conductivity curves. Heat capacity and thermal conductivity coefficients showed the least susceptibility to the temperature influence in solid solutions with a large number of dissimilar elements TlBr_0.46I_0.54 – AgCl_0.25Br_0.75, TlCl_0.74Br_0.26 – AgCl_0.25Br_0.75. The obtained dependencies determine the areas of materials application and allow predicting the technological modes of their processing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102326"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143172706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of deformation fields associated with irradiation-induced growth and grain boundary interactions in zirconium","authors":"Ronit Roy,&nbsp;Fei Long,&nbsp;Mark R. Daymond","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102325","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102325","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Irradiation growth is one of the deformation mechanisms which results in significant dimensional instability in nuclear reactor components over an extended service period. Therefore, understanding irradiation growth is essential for the cost-effective and safe design of nuclear reactors. Irradiation growth results from the preferential diffusion of irradiation-induced point defects, which makes it a macroscopic stress-independent volume-conservative shape change process. Macroscale experiments reveal that irradiation growth exhibits a strong dependence on the grain size of a specimen, i.e., small-sized grains escalate the irradiation growth. However, owing to the limitations in macroscale experiments, the mechanisms associated with such behaviour are not fully understood. The current work aims to investigate the irradiation growth mechanism over macro to micro scales. In order to examine the contributions of grain boundary in irradiation growth, irradiation growth deformation is investigated along different types of grain boundaries using high-resolution electron backscatter diffraction. Next, the results are compared with crystal plasticity-based finite element models to identify the effect of deformation incompatibility induced by the grain boundaries. A simplified yet novel field variable-based technique has been used to mimic the irradiation growth deformation into the finite element model. It is observed that the experimentally measured strains are more significant near the grain boundaries and distributed over a larger area as compared to the finite element results. This difference suggests that the localized strain/stress concentration is not only due to the deformation incompatibility at grain boundaries. The deformation incompatibility also activates additional mechanisms (e.g., irradiation creep), which enhance the deformation processes in the presence of grain boundaries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102325"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143172236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crystal structure and Mulliken charge analysis of Gd3+doped bismuth silicate","authors":"Yan Zhang ,&nbsp;Xuefeng Xiao ,&nbsp;Yan Huang ,&nbsp;Jiashun Si ,&nbsp;Shuaijie Liang ,&nbsp;Qingyan Xu ,&nbsp;Huan Zhang ,&nbsp;Lingling Ma ,&nbsp;Cui Yang ,&nbsp;Xuefeng Zhang ,&nbsp;Jiayue Xu ,&nbsp;Tian Tian ,&nbsp;Hui Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102323","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102323","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article uses Materials Studio software, based on first-principles and density functional theory, to calculate and analyze the impact of Gd³⁺ doping on the crystal structure and the Mulliken charge distribution of bismuth silicate (Bi₄Si₃O₁₂, BSO). The virtual crystal approximation method is uesd to explore the influence of different doping ratios (1/12, 1/6, and 1/3) of Gd³⁺ on the BSO crystal. Through Mulliken charge analysis, it is found that a high proportion of Gd³⁺ doping can affect the symmetry of the crystal structure. As the doping ratio of Gd³⁺ increases,the length of the Gd-O bond exhibits a trend of first increasing and then decreasing, showing covalent bond properties, and when the doping ratio of Gd³⁺ reaches 1/3, the length of the Gd-O bond reaches its minimum value. With an increase in the Gd³⁺ doping ratio, the Bi-O bond length first decreases and then increases, reaching its minimum value when the Gd³⁺ doping ratio is increases to 1/6. This indicates that when Gd³⁺ is doped into the BSO crystal, the covalency between the Gd-O atoms is more significant at a doping ratio of 1/3, and the covalency between the Bi-O atoms is more significant at a doping ratio of 1/6.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102323"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143172705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detailed analysis of microcrystalline and nanocrystalline CeB6 phase formation, morphology and their electron emission performance","authors":"S.A. Kamble ,&nbsp;A. Nandi ,&nbsp;Neha Ghodke ,&nbsp;S.R. Bhopale ,&nbsp;Dhruva Bhattacharjee ,&nbsp;S. Ghorui ,&nbsp;S.V. Bhoraskar ,&nbsp;M.A. More ,&nbsp;V.L. Mathe","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102324","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102324","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Micro and Nano sized cerium hexaboride (CeB₆) were synthesized using high temperature processes viz. Self-propagation High temperature Synthesis (SHS) and arc plasma gas phase condensation route respectively. Economically viable oxide precursors of cerium and boron were used to obtain microcrystalline CeB₆ by SHS process. Further, these powders were used to obtained nanocrystalline thin sheets of cerium hexaboride by arc plasma gas phase condensation process. Novelty of these high temperature processes lies in the formation of single phase of CeB₆ without metastable states such as CeB₄ within a short interval of time. Optical emission spectroscopy was extensively used to observe evaporated species during arc plasma synthesis. Microcrystalline and nanocrystalline CeB₆ powders were characterized using X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. In view of electron emission applications, field emission measurements were carried out. Field emission measurements depicted maximum current density of 56 µA/cm² for microcrystalline CeB₆ and 96 µA/cm² and 222 µA/cm² respectively for nanocrystalline powders obtained using nitrogen and argon thermal plasma.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102324"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143172232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}