Materialia最新文献_第2页

Contrasting precipitation pathways in powder metallurgy and ingot metallurgy Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy governed by microstructural heritance 粉末冶金Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金与铸锭冶金Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金微观组织遗传的析出路径对比

IF 3.1

Materialia Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-07-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtla.2026.102835

Yang Li, Cunguang Chen, Yuxuan Jiang, Chenxuan Liu, Shangxing Qiu, Xiaolong Dong, Long Chen, Fang Yang, Xinhua Liu

{"title":"Contrasting precipitation pathways in powder metallurgy and ingot metallurgy Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy governed by microstructural heritance","authors":"Yang Li, Cunguang Chen, Yuxuan Jiang, Chenxuan Liu, Shangxing Qiu, Xiaolong Dong, Long Chen, Fang Yang, Xinhua Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2026.102835","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2026.102835","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The microstructure-property relationship in powder metallurgy (PM) and ingot metallurgy (IM) Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy with identical compositions was systematically investigated. PM Al-Zn-Mg-Cu exhibits an ultrafine-grained structure (∼2.3 μm) with high grain boundary density and uniformly distributed defects, whereas IM Al-Zn-Mg-Cu retains coarse grains (∼136.8 μm) and localized defects. These differences govern diffusion and precipitation behavior. In PM Al-Zn-Mg-Cu, short diffusion paths and abundant nucleation sites promote η′-dominated precipitation, while IM Al-Zn-Mg-Cu is limited by bulk diffusion and dominated by GP zones. Consequently, PM Al-Zn-Mg-Cu forms narrow PFZs with fine and continuous boundary precipitates, whereas IM Al-Zn-Mg-Cu shows wide PFZs and heterogeneous precipitation. This leads to an improved strength-ductility balance in PM Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy, with yield strength of 584 MPa, ultimate tensile strength of 672 MPa and an elongation of 15.5%. The results demonstrate that diffusion-controlled precipitation, governed by processing-induced microstructural inheritance, dominates the strengthening mechanism.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":"48 ","pages":"Article 102835"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148641199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ti element induced directional solidification to refine grains and improve friction and wear properties in Ni2FeCoCrTix high-entropy alloy Ti元素诱导定向凝固细化晶粒，改善Ni2FeCoCrTix高熵合金的摩擦磨损性能

IF 3.1

Materialia Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-07-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtla.2026.102842

Lianning Li, Junhong Zhang, Gongxiao Zhang, Chunyu Zhao, Lei Zhang

{"title":"Ti element induced directional solidification to refine grains and improve friction and wear properties in Ni2FeCoCrTix high-entropy alloy","authors":"Lianning Li, Junhong Zhang, Gongxiao Zhang, Chunyu Zhao, Lei Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2026.102842","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2026.102842","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study combines molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and experimental verification to systematically explore the tribological properties of Ni<sub>2</sub>FeCoCrTi<sub>x</sub> (x = 0, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7) high-entropy alloy (HEA). Ti shows limited solubility within the FCC matrix, which induces the precipitation of an HCP-type (Ni, Ti) phase. During grain growth, continuous nucleation of this phase effectively inhibits grain coarsening and leads to grain refinement strengthening effects. The Ni<sub>2</sub>FeCoCrTi<sub>0.5</sub> HEA achieves a maximum hardness of 419.3 HV, and its hard surface is conducive to the formation of a TiO<sub>2</sub> oxide film. Both factors markedly enhance the alloy’s resistance to plastic deformation. Friction tests show that the wear rate of the Ni<sub>2</sub>FeCoCrTi<sub>0.5</sub> HEA is reduced by 67.8%, dropping from 4.5096 × 10⁻⁴ to 1.4489 × 10⁻⁴ mm³/N·m compared with the Ni<sub>2</sub>FeCoCr HEA, with the dominant wear mechanism transitioning from adhesive to oxidative. The MD results indicate that the nucleation energy of the Ni<sub>2</sub>FeCoCrTi<sub>0.5</sub> HEA drops to 3.9853 eV and thus leads to the (Ni, Ti) phase, while the matrix grain growth rate slows down to 1.8 × 10⁻⁵ m/s, achieving significant grain refinement. The refined grains and TiO<sub>2</sub> oxide film together alleviate plastic deformation and stress concentration under wear conditions, thus greatly enhancing the tribological performance of the HEA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":"48 ","pages":"Article 102842"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148641185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Strength and corrosion behavior of Zn/Ti-6Al-4V interpenetrating phase composites: effect of heat treatment of the LPBF Ti-6Al-4V Zn/Ti-6Al-4V互穿相复合材料的强度和腐蚀行为：LPBF Ti-6Al-4V热处理的影响

IF 3.1

Materialia Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-07-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtla.2026.102816

R. Suman, D. Mohanta, D. Punera, M. Ramakrishna, S. Gollapudi

{"title":"Strength and corrosion behavior of Zn/Ti-6Al-4V interpenetrating phase composites: effect of heat treatment of the LPBF Ti-6Al-4V","authors":"R. Suman, D. Mohanta, D. Punera, M. Ramakrishna, S. Gollapudi","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2026.102816","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2026.102816","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work reports the strength and corrosion behavior of Zn/Ti6Al4V interpenetrating phase composites (IPC) produced by pressureless infiltration of Zn into a Ti6Al4V preform fabricated by laser powder bed fusion. The IPCs prepared with Zn and printed and stress relieved (P_SR) Ti6Al4V preform demonstrated a compression yield strength of 180 ± 16 MPa which is around 275% higher than that of nominally pure zinc. On the other hand, the IPCs prepared with Zn and cyclic heat treated (P_SR_CHT) Ti6Al4V preforms demonstrated a compression yield strength of 231 ± 12 MPa which is 381% higher than Zn. In both samples, the compression tests revealed a plateau in the stress-strain curve which was attributed to the buckling of the Ti6Al4V struts which was corroborated by the finite element (FE) simulations. The IPC with P_SR_CHT Ti6Al4V exhibited higher energy absorption than that fabricated with its P_SR counterpart. Interestingly the heat-treatment of Ti6Al4V had only a marginal improvement in the corrosion resistance of the Zn/Ti6Al4V IPC, as revealed by potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":"48 ","pages":"Article 102816"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148641186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Transition from strength-ductility enhancement to impact toughness degradation in oxygen- and iron-modified commercially pure titanium 氧和铁改性商业纯钛从强度-延展性增强到冲击韧性退化的转变

IF 3.1

Materialia Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-07-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtla.2026.102849

M. Ye, W.B. Wang, X. Li, Q. Wang, Y.K. Wu, J.Q. Ren, L.B. Chen

{"title":"Transition from strength-ductility enhancement to impact toughness degradation in oxygen- and iron-modified commercially pure titanium","authors":"M. Ye, W.B. Wang, X. Li, Q. Wang, Y.K. Wu, J.Q. Ren, L.B. Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2026.102849","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2026.102849","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The concurrent enhancement of strength and ductility in commercially pure titanium (CP-Ti) through controlled oxygen and iron additions has attracted considerable attention due to its cost-effectiveness. However, whether this static strength-ductility synergy persists under dynamic impact loading and cryogenic temperatures remains unclear. Herein, we systematically investigate the quasi-static tensile and Charpy impact responses of Ti-0.15O, Ti-0.3O, and Ti-0.3O-0.2Fe (wt.%) alloys at ambient and liquid nitrogen temperatures. Under room-temperature tension, increasing oxygen and iron additions concurrently elevate the strength-ductility product (W<sub>ten</sub>) from 131.46 MJ·m<sup>−3</sup> (Ti-0.15O) to 212.09 MJ·m<sup>−3</sup> (Ti-0.3O-0.2Fe). In contrast, the impact absorbed energy (W<sub>t</sub>) decreases markedly from 17.85 J (Ti-0.15O) to 7.95 J (Ti-0.3O). The deterioration of impact toughness in the Ti-0.3O alloy is suggested to be associated with the suppression of extensive dislocation slip under high strain rates and within the plastic deformation zone at pre-existing crack tips, which precipitates the premature formation of intergranular cracks. Notably, incorporation of 0.2 wt.% Fe partially restores W<sub>t</sub> to 13.04 J (Ti-0.3O-0.2Fe) through grain refinement, and the serrated grain boundaries, which facilitates crack deflection. These findings challenge the exclusive reliance on static tensile metrics for the qualification of Ti-O-Fe alloys.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":"48 ","pages":"Article 102849"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148641195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multiscale electronic structure and optical transitions in ZnS nanoparticles: from bulk bands to confined states ZnS纳米粒子的多尺度电子结构和光学跃迁：从体带到受限态

IF 3.1

Materialia Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-07-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtla.2026.102853

Tran Duy Quynh Nhu, Nguyen Nhu Y, Do Quang Tam, Tran Tien, Nguyen Minh Hoa

{"title":"Multiscale electronic structure and optical transitions in ZnS nanoparticles: from bulk bands to confined states","authors":"Tran Duy Quynh Nhu, Nguyen Nhu Y, Do Quang Tam, Tran Tien, Nguyen Minh Hoa","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2026.102853","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2026.102853","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work presents a combined experimental and theoretical investigation of the electronic and optical properties of ZnS nanoparticles. Structural characterization confirms the formation of quasi-spherical nanoparticles (∼4–5 nm) with a cubic zinc blende structure. A multiscale framework is employed to elucidate size-dependent electronic behavior, combining periodic density functional theory (DFT) calculations for bulk ZnS with finite-cluster models (Zn<sub>4</sub>S<sub>4</sub> and Zn<sub>6</sub>S<sub>6</sub>) representing strongly confined systems. The results reveal how the electronic structure evolves from continuous electronic bands in periodic bulk ZnS to discrete localized states in Zn4S4 and Zn6S6 clusters, reflecting the transition from an extended periodic crystal to finite molecular systems. Experimental absorption and photoluminescence spectra provide direct validation of the theoretical framework. The absorption edge is consistent with the calculated band gap, while the PL spectrum exhibits both near-band-edge emission and a broad lower-energy band. This deviation from intrinsic transitions suggests the involvement of additional radiative pathways, likely associated with localized states. By integrating theoretical predictions with experimental observations, this work establishes a consistent framework for understanding structure-property relationships, optical transitions, and photoluminescence in ZnS nanoparticles, highlighting the interplay among quantum confinement, structural effects, and localized states.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":"48 ","pages":"Article 102853"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148641196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

New insights on the metastable cubic GexSbyTez phase 亚稳立方GexSbyTez相的新认识

IF 3.1

Materialia Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-07-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtla.2026.102836

Jacques Perrin-Toinin, Alain Portavoce, Jacopo Remondina, Hamza Khelidj, Martiane Cabie, Thomas Neisius, Guillaume Roland, Yuan Yu, Maxime Bertoglio, Marion Descoins, Matthias Wuttig, Frédéric Lorut, Elisa Petroni

{"title":"New insights on the metastable cubic GexSbyTez phase","authors":"Jacques Perrin-Toinin, Alain Portavoce, Jacopo Remondina, Hamza Khelidj, Martiane Cabie, Thomas Neisius, Guillaume Roland, Yuan Yu, Maxime Bertoglio, Marion Descoins, Matthias Wuttig, Frédéric Lorut, Elisa Petroni","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2026.102836","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2026.102836","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ge-rich Ge-Sb-Te (GGST) alloys are of high interest for industrial production of complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor integrated phase change random access memories (PCRAM) of high performance. BEOL-integrated GGST-based PCRAM constitute a relevant solution for low-power on-chip non-volatile memory production and in-memory computing, addressing new challenges of automotive and artificial intelligence applications for example. During cycling, in the low-resistive SET state, the crystallized GGST alloy is mainly made of nano-grains of two phases: diamond Ge and a ternary rock-salt (RS) Ge-Sb-Te (GST) phase. The RS-GST phase is metastable and generally assumed to exhibit the stoichiometry Ge<sub>2</sub>Sb<sub>2</sub>Te<sub>5</sub> corresponding to the stable hexagonal Ge<sub>2</sub>Sb<sub>2</sub>Te<sub>5</sub> compound. However, recent works suggest that this metastable RS-GST phase is not stoichiometric and can accept higher Ge contents, meaning that the Ge content of RS-GST could vary depending on the Ge excess level in the GGST alloy compared to the Ge<sub>2</sub>Sb<sub>2</sub>Te<sub>5</sub> reference stoichiometry. Consequently, the performance of GGST-based PCRAMs could vary with Ge composition of GGST alloy, suggesting the existence of an ideal GGST alloy composition showing a good compromise between crystallization temperature, programming current density, resistance, threshold voltage drift… In the present work, the structure and composition of crystallized GGST films elaborated through Ge, Sb, and Te co-sputtering were studied by X-ray diffraction, high resolution transmission electron microscopy, and atom probe tomography. The metastable RS-GST phase crystallized in GGST films exhibiting a Ge excess between 23% and 42% is found to be able to incorporate a large amount of Ge, of about 50 at% and sometimes beyond.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":"48 ","pages":"Article 102836"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148641301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Turning NIR into blue afterglow: UV upconversion in CaWO₄:Yb,Tm for blue afterglow from the CaAl2O4:Eu2+,Nd3+ persistent luminescent phosphor 由CaAl2O4:Eu2+，Nd3+持续性发光荧光粉产生的蓝色余辉在CaWO₄：Yb，Tm中UV上转换

IF 3.1

Materialia Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-07-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtla.2026.102855

N. Ojha, J. Baggott, P. Chowdhury, A. Bindhu, T. Hossen, V.A. Gobbo, M. Lastusaari, J. Massera, L. Petit

{"title":"Turning NIR into blue afterglow: UV upconversion in CaWO₄:Yb,Tm for blue afterglow from the CaAl2O4:Eu2+,Nd3+ persistent luminescent phosphor","authors":"N. Ojha, J. Baggott, P. Chowdhury, A. Bindhu, T. Hossen, V.A. Gobbo, M. Lastusaari, J. Massera, L. Petit","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2026.102855","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2026.102855","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, we demonstrate, for the first time to the best of our knowledge, a strategy enabling blue persistent luminescence after NIR charging through UV upconversion (UC)–persistent luminescence (PersL) system. Tm³⁺, Yb³⁺ codoped CaWO₄ crystals were synthesized by a solid-state method and exhibit strong ultraviolet (UV) upconversion emission centered at ∼363 nm under 980 nm excitation. Optimized UC crystals (Yb<sub>>7.5</sub>Tm<sub><</sub>₀.₂₅) reached an effective UV irradiance of 2600 mW m⁻² at a power density of 0.1 W mm⁻². While these crystals are of great interest for applications including UV–visible solid-state lasers or as an internal UV radiation source for many photochemical reactions, we show that upon simple dry mixing of the UC and PersL components, NIR excitation at 980 nm successfully generates a visible blue afterglow from the CaAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>:Eu<sup>2+</sup>,Nd<sup>3+</sup> phosphor. The optimal 50:50 composite exhibits an initial luminance of 1.23 mcd m⁻², exceeding the visibility threshold for safety signage (0.32 mcd m⁻²). Demonstrating blue afterglow under NIR irradiation through upconversion-generated UV light greatly expands the potential applications of persistent luminescence phosphors. It opens new possibilities for uses that require remote excitation and deep light penetration, such as safety signs, anti-counterfeiting, and optical signaling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":"48 ","pages":"Article 102855"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148641113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development and application potential of a RADA16-neuropeptide hydrogel in accelerated repair of radiation-induced skin injury rada16神经肽水凝胶在辐射皮肤损伤加速修复中的应用潜力

IF 3.1

Materialia Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-07-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtla.2026.102829

Chao Li, Yufeng Guo, Xiaoming Liu, Yuhua Chen, Chongzhi Bai, Yayi Yuan, Ruifeng Zhang, Liye Liu, Xuhong Dang

引用次数: 0

Effect of powder composition on microstructure and wear resistance of laser-cladded coatings on U75V rail surface 粉末成分对U75V钢轨表面激光熔覆层显微组织和耐磨性的影响

IF 3.1

Materialia Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-07-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtla.2026.102844

Luhang Zhang, Yongfeng Li, Lixia Wang, Xuehong Huang, Ming Zhai, Jian Zhang, Hongtu Song, Zheng Li, Bolun An

{"title":"Effect of powder composition on microstructure and wear resistance of laser-cladded coatings on U75V rail surface","authors":"Luhang Zhang, Yongfeng Li, Lixia Wang, Xuehong Huang, Ming Zhai, Jian Zhang, Hongtu Song, Zheng Li, Bolun An","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2026.102844","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2026.102844","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Powder composition plays a critical role in determining the phase constitution and microstructural characteristics of coatings, thereby providing an effective approach for improving the wear resistance of rail materials. In this study, 15–5PH, Co21, and Ni35 alloy coatings were fabricated on U75V rail steel by laser cladding, and their phase constitution, microstructural evolution, and tribological performance were systematically investigated. The results indicate that the 15–5PH coating is primarily composed of martensite and retained austenite, exhibiting a mixed microstructure of equiaxed and columnar grains. The Co21 coating consists of γ-Co and ε-Co phases, with dense equiaxed grains dominating most regions and columnar grains appearing locally. The Ni35 coating is composed of a γ-(Fe, Ni) solid solution with Fe<sub>3</sub>B and Ni<sub>3</sub>B phases, and its microstructure is characterized by fine cellular crystals. In terms of wear behavior, the 15–5PH coating exhibits the best wear resistance due to work hardening and strain-induced martensitic transformation, with a wear loss of 0.88 × 10<sup>6</sup> mm<sup>3</sup>, which is 42.5% lower than that of the U75V substrate (1.53 × 10<sup>6</sup> mm<sup>3</sup>), and an average friction coefficient of 0.53. In contrast, the Co21 and Ni35 coatings show higher wear losses of 8.16 × 10<sup>6</sup> mm<sup>3</sup> and 16.32 × 10<sup>6</sup> mm<sup>3</sup>, with average friction coefficients of 0.30 and 0.60, respectively. The Co21 coating shows the lowest friction coefficient. In contrast, the Ni35 coating displays the poorest wear resistance, as fragmentation of hard phases promotes combined abrasive and adhesive wear. These results demonstrate that powder composition plays a decisive role in governing microstructural stability and wear performance of laser-cladded rail coatings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":"48 ","pages":"Article 102844"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148641300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Degradation of cathode collector bars in aluminium electrolysis cells - laboratory insights into diffusion and electrical conductivity 铝电解槽中阴极收集器棒的降解-扩散和导电性的实验室见解

IF 3.1

Materialia Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-07-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtla.2026.102846

Sandra Kernebeck, Sabine Siebert, Sebastian Weber

{"title":"Degradation of cathode collector bars in aluminium electrolysis cells - laboratory insights into diffusion and electrical conductivity","authors":"Sandra Kernebeck, Sabine Siebert, Sebastian Weber","doi":"10.1016/j.mtla.2026.102846","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtla.2026.102846","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work examines the materials used in the cathode of an aluminium electrolysis cell. More specifically, it refers to the collector bar, consisting of a low-alloyed steel and cast iron within the graphite block. The collector bar is exposed to temperatures between 700 and 900 °C for up to 5 years during a typical operational cycle of a cell, depending on the cell temperature. During this period, the steel’s properties deteriorate, particularly its electrical conductivity, which is one of its most important properties. This work investigates the reasons for the degradation of the cathode, particularly the collector bar. To this end, diffusion pairs comprising steel, cast iron, and graphite were produced. These diffusion pairs were heat-treated at 935 °C for 10 days. The pairs were examined with respect to electrical conductivity, microstructure, and carbon diffusion. Light microscopy, SEM and EDS analysis were used to investigate the microstructure. Glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy was used to measure precise profiles of chemical composition particularly that of carbon. Electrical conductivity was measured from room temperature up to 950 °C. It was shown that the diffusion pairs could reproduce the chemical composition and electrical conductivity of the initial material. Due to isothermal ageing, the form of the graphite in the cast iron changed from lamellar to spherulitic. The electrical conductivity of the isothermally aged samples and the samples after service in the electrolysis cell is comparable.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47623,"journal":{"name":"Materialia","volume":"48 ","pages":"Article 102846"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148641114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0