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Collectively constructing gender-inclusive work cultures in STEM 在STEM中共同构建包容性别的工作文化
IF 7.2 2区 心理学
European Review of Social Psychology Pub Date : 2022-08-23 DOI: 10.1080/10463283.2022.2109294
William Hall, T. Schmader, Emily N. Cyr, Hilary B. Bergsieker
{"title":"Collectively constructing gender-inclusive work cultures in STEM","authors":"William Hall, T. Schmader, Emily N. Cyr, Hilary B. Bergsieker","doi":"10.1080/10463283.2022.2109294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10463283.2022.2109294","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT We review a program of work articulating the concept of inclusion – and approaches for achieving it – for women working in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Maths (STEM) organisations. A multi-level framework is described to characterise inclusion in STEM workplaces. This framework is then used to conceptualise a series of empirical studies exploring women’s experiences of STEM work cultures. Together, these studies show that identity-based inclusion is the product of institutional policies and practices, interpersonal dynamics, and individuals’ beliefs and biases. We then use our multi-level framework to discuss practical insights for creating inclusive cultures in STEM organisations. We offer a series of empirically informed actionable suggestions for spreading and establishing inclusive norms in STEM organisations. Our framework suggests that creating contexts where employees can effectively learn inclusive norms will help organisations construct gender-inclusive work cultures in STEM.","PeriodicalId":47582,"journal":{"name":"European Review of Social Psychology","volume":"34 1","pages":"298 - 345"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2022-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45038065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Identities: A developmental social-psychological perspective. 身份认同：一个发展的社会心理学视角
IF 7.2 2区 心理学
European Review of Social Psychology Pub Date : 2022-08-11 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/10463283.2022.2104987
Elisabetta Crocetti, Flavia Albarello, Wim Meeus, Monica Rubini
{"title":"Identities: A developmental social-psychological perspective.","authors":"Elisabetta Crocetti, Flavia Albarello, Wim Meeus, Monica Rubini","doi":"10.1080/10463283.2022.2104987","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10463283.2022.2104987","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this contribution, we review research that uses a cross-fertilisation approach to integrate developmental and social-psychological perspectives on how identities are formed and changed over time and how identity processes are genuinely social, being embedded in social contexts and fed by social contents. First, we outline the three-factor identity model as a parsimonious approach to understanding the dynamics of identity development. Second, we review empirical studies with longitudinal approaches to shed light on how identity processes are embedded in key contexts such as family, friendships and society at large through behaviours such as civic engagement. Third, we discuss the interplay between personal and social identities. We conclude by highlighting how adopting a cross-fertilisation approach that combines social-psychological and developmental perspective can significantly advance the theoretical understanding of identity dynamics. Finally, we address similarities and differences between personal identity and social identity approaches, and we provide an agenda for future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":47582,"journal":{"name":"European Review of Social Psychology","volume":"34 1","pages":"161-201"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2022-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10950040/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47311207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The social psychology of intergroup tolerance and intolerance 群体间容忍与不容忍的社会心理
IF 7.2 2区 心理学
European Review of Social Psychology Pub Date : 2022-07-13 DOI: 10.1080/10463283.2022.2091326
M. Verkuyten, K. Yogeeswaran, Levi Adelman
{"title":"The social psychology of intergroup tolerance and intolerance","authors":"M. Verkuyten, K. Yogeeswaran, Levi Adelman","doi":"10.1080/10463283.2022.2091326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10463283.2022.2091326","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Living with cultural, religious, and ideological diversity inevitably creates situations where people are confronted with beliefs, values, or practices that they disapprove of. In such situations, people may consider reasons to nevertheless tolerate what they disapprove of (i.e., forbearance tolerance), or reject these (i.e., intolerance). In the current review, we consider empirical research on the processes of intergroup tolerance and consider different manifestations of (in)tolerance. Then we discuss recent work on the dual process model of tolerance, which considers intuitive versus deliberative objections to cultural, religious, and ideological differences, and how these can be overridden to produce tolerance. We then review literature on the boundaries of tolerance including the role of moralization and moral values, before considering individual difference factors and situations of threat that can hamper intergroup tolerance. We conclude by considering five areas ripe for future exploration on the social psychology of intergroup tolerance and intolerance.","PeriodicalId":47582,"journal":{"name":"European Review of Social Psychology","volume":"34 1","pages":"1 - 43"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2022-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48235138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Blindspots in acculturation research: An agenda for studying majority culture change 文化适应研究中的盲点:研究多数文化变迁的议程
IF 7.2 2区 心理学
European Review of Social Psychology Pub Date : 2022-07-12 DOI: 10.1080/10463283.2022.2079813
Hanna Zagefka, Katharina Lefringhausen, Lucía López Rodríguez, Ana Urbiola, Nali Moftizadeh, A. Vázquez
{"title":"Blindspots in acculturation research: An agenda for studying majority culture change","authors":"Hanna Zagefka, Katharina Lefringhausen, Lucía López Rodríguez, Ana Urbiola, Nali Moftizadeh, A. Vázquez","doi":"10.1080/10463283.2022.2079813","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10463283.2022.2079813","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Research has investigated conditions which lead to minority members’ wanting to maintain their culture of origin, and to them wanting to adopt the majority culture. Majority members’ ideas for what minority members should do have also received attention. However, past research has developed a blindspot for some important questions: majority and minority members will also have preferences for whether they desire majority culture change, and members of both groups will have perceptions regarding the respective outgroup’s preference. This paper will present a 2X2X2 framework yielding 8 different foci: 2 (focusing on the perspectives/wishes of the minority vs. majority) X 2 (acculturation preferences regarding oneself vs. the outgroup) X 2 (own preferences vs. perceptions of what the respective outgroup wants). This framework will be used to crystalize what is known and what is not yet explored, suggesting a research agenda for the future.","PeriodicalId":47582,"journal":{"name":"European Review of Social Psychology","volume":"34 1","pages":"127 - 160"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2022-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42488926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
Generalized Prejudice: Lessons about social power, ideological conflict, and levels of abstraction 《普遍偏见:关于社会权力、意识形态冲突和抽象程度的教训》
IF 7.2 2区 心理学
European Review of Social Psychology Pub Date : 2022-03-13 DOI: 10.1080/10463283.2022.2040140
R. Bergh, M. Brandt
{"title":"Generalized Prejudice: Lessons about social power, ideological conflict, and levels of abstraction","authors":"R. Bergh, M. Brandt","doi":"10.1080/10463283.2022.2040140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10463283.2022.2040140","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Prejudices tend to come as a package deal; people who are more racist tend to also be more sexist, and so on. Documentations of such attitudinal patterns – generalised prejudice – have a rich history, but the theoretical understanding thereof has been lagging. In recent years, we have seen clear theoretical advancement in the understanding of this phenomenon. We discuss classic premises in this research along with newer research that challenges some of the most ingrained ideas about generalised prejudice. For instance, we discuss research challenging the notions that generalised prejudice is an “us” versus “them” phenomenon, as well as a product of conservative ideology. We further argue that prejudice generalisations need to be studied at different levels of abstraction. Finally, we propose integrative perspectives on generalised and target-specific prejudice, with greater emphasis on processes of generalisation, rather than static generalised prejudice factors.","PeriodicalId":47582,"journal":{"name":"European Review of Social Psychology","volume":"34 1","pages":"92 - 126"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41349213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Benefits of nostalgia in vulnerable populations 弱势群体怀旧的好处
IF 7.2 2区 心理学
European Review of Social Psychology Pub Date : 2022-02-26 DOI: 10.1080/10463283.2022.2036005
T. Wildschut, C. Sedikides
{"title":"Benefits of nostalgia in vulnerable populations","authors":"T. Wildschut, C. Sedikides","doi":"10.1080/10463283.2022.2036005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10463283.2022.2036005","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The COVID-19 pandemic has triggered and exacerbated psychological distress, and exposed psychological vulnerabilities, in large swathes of the population. Under challenging circumstances, nostalgia may convey tangible psychological and physical health benefits. We review recent evidence for nostalgia’s utility in vulnerable populations, including sojourners and immigrants, civil war refugees, people suffering bereavement, people facing a limited time horizon, and people living with dementia. Having raised the prospect of a positive role for nostalgia in responding to adversity, we next present findings from a series of randomised nostalgia interventions and their impact over time in the workplace, during the COVID-19 pandemic, and at university, respectively. We conclude by offering evidence-based recommendations for future interventions, highlighting the importance of optimal person-activity fit, diversity of content, and accessibility of delivery mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":47582,"journal":{"name":"European Review of Social Psychology","volume":"34 1","pages":"44 - 91"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2022-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44693347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 19
How Identity Fusion Predicts Extreme Pro-Group Orientations: A Meta-Analysis 身份融合如何预测极端亲群体倾向:一个元分析
IF 7.2 2区 心理学
European Review of Social Psychology Pub Date : 2022-02-01 DOI: 10.31234/osf.io/prasc
Anders Hustad Varmann, L. Kruse, K. Bierwiaczonek, Ángel Gómez, A. Vázquez, J. Kunst
{"title":"How Identity Fusion Predicts Extreme Pro-Group Orientations: A Meta-Analysis","authors":"Anders Hustad Varmann, L. Kruse, K. Bierwiaczonek, Ángel Gómez, A. Vázquez, J. Kunst","doi":"10.31234/osf.io/prasc","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/prasc","url":null,"abstract":"Identity fusion reflects a visceral feeling of oneness with a group that predicts extreme pro-group orientations. While the theory has been tested extensively, several questions have not been conclusively answered. Here, we present the first meta-analysis of the associations between identity fusion and pro-group orientations (k = 57, N = 36,880, 106 effects). Identity fusion had a strong positive association with extreme pro-group orientations, which was significantly stronger than between social identification and these outcomes. The observed relationships were relatively robust across various countries and, interestingly, the effects were strongest for fusion with an outgroup. The verbal scale assessing identity fusion was the most predictive, and extreme forms of collective action were most strongly correlated with fusion, followed by sacrifice- and die orientations and outgroup hostility. In sum, the present meta-analysis provides evidence for identity fusion being robustly associated with extreme pro-group outcomes across contexts and settings.","PeriodicalId":47582,"journal":{"name":"European Review of Social Psychology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43933726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
The behavioural immune system and pandemic psychology: the evolved psychology of disease-avoidance and its implications for attitudes, behaviour, and public health during epidemic outbreaks 行为免疫系统和流行病心理学：疾病回避的进化心理学及其对流行病爆发期间的态度、行为和公共卫生的影响
IF 7.2 2区 心理学
European Review of Social Psychology Pub Date : 2021-11-02 DOI: 10.1080/10463283.2021.1988404
M. Schaller, Damian R. Murray, Marlise K. Hofer
{"title":"The behavioural immune system and pandemic psychology: the evolved psychology of disease-avoidance and its implications for attitudes, behaviour, and public health during epidemic outbreaks","authors":"M. Schaller, Damian R. Murray, Marlise K. Hofer","doi":"10.1080/10463283.2021.1988404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10463283.2021.1988404","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article provides an overview of the “behavioural immune system” – a suite of psychological mechanisms that complements immunological defences by motivating pre-emptive behavioural responses to infection threats – and summarises research documenting its implications for social attitudes and social behaviour. This summary focuses on four domains of phenomena: interpersonal interactions, stigma and prejudice, conformity, and political attitudes. Then, drawing on this conceptual and empirical background, the article discusses consequences that disease outbreaks (such as the COVID-19 pandemic) may have for individuals’ attitudes and actions, and the further consequences that these attitudes and actions might plausibly have for population-level epidemiological and public health outcomes.","PeriodicalId":47582,"journal":{"name":"European Review of Social Psychology","volume":"33 1","pages":"360 - 396"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2021-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42287054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 19
Descriptive-to-prescriptive (D2P) reasoning: An early emerging bias to maintain the status quo 描述性到规范性（D2P）推理：维持现状的早期偏见
IF 7.2 2区 心理学
European Review of Social Psychology Pub Date : 2021-08-25 DOI: 10.1080/10463283.2021.1963591
Steven O. Roberts
{"title":"Descriptive-to-prescriptive (D2P) reasoning: An early emerging bias to maintain the status quo","authors":"Steven O. Roberts","doi":"10.1080/10463283.2021.1963591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10463283.2021.1963591","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Group norms are necessary for navigating the social world, but they also constrain how we think about individuals. This manuscript progresses in three parts, along the way integrating research from cognitive, developmental, and social psychology, as well as the broader social sciences, to present a theoretical perspective on how the tendency to interpret descriptive norms (i.e., what is) as prescriptive (i.e., what should be) is an early emerging bias to maintain the status quo. First, I define descriptive-to-prescriptive reasoning and review previous research on how it maintains the status quo. Second, I review a recent programme of research on the early development of descriptive-to-prescriptive reasoning. Third, I provide suggestions for future research, particularly in the domain of redirecting descriptive-to-prescriptive reasoning for good. Overall, I propose that descriptive-to-prescriptive reasoning biases children to keep groups in their place and prevent them from changing. Implications for stereotyping and group-based inequality are discussed.","PeriodicalId":47582,"journal":{"name":"European Review of Social Psychology","volume":"33 1","pages":"289 - 322"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2021-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43158142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 11
Flexibility mindsets: Reducing biases that result from spontaneous processing 灵活的心态:减少因自发处理而产生的偏见
IF 7.2 2区 心理学
European Review of Social Psychology Pub Date : 2021-08-25 DOI: 10.1080/10463283.2021.1959124
K. Sassenberg, Kevin Winter, D. Becker, Lara Ditrich, Annika Scholl, G. Moskowitz
{"title":"Flexibility mindsets: Reducing biases that result from spontaneous processing","authors":"K. Sassenberg, Kevin Winter, D. Becker, Lara Ditrich, Annika Scholl, G. Moskowitz","doi":"10.1080/10463283.2021.1959124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10463283.2021.1959124","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Spontaneous (i.e., heuristic, fast, effortless, and associative) processing has clear advantages for human cognition, but it can also elicit undesirable outcomes such as stereotyping and other biases. In the current article, we argue that biased judgements and behaviour that result from spontaneous processing can be reduced by activating various flexibility mindsets. These mindsets are characterised by the consideration of alternatives beyond one’s spontaneous thoughts and behaviours and could, thus, contribute to bias reduction. Research has demonstrated that eliciting flexibility mindsets via goal and cognitive conflicts, counterfactual thinking,, recalling own past flexible thoughts or behaviour, and adopting a promotion focus reduces biases in judgements and behaviour. We summarise evidence for the effectiveness of flexibility mindsets across a wide variety of important phenomena – including creative performance, stereotyping and prejudice, interpersonal behaviour, and decision-making. Finally, we discuss the underlying processes and potential boundary conditions.","PeriodicalId":47582,"journal":{"name":"European Review of Social Psychology","volume":"33 1","pages":"171 - 213"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2021-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41815883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
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